database basics - aphrdiaphrdi/2017/4_apr...database basics dr.b.narendra kumar rao, ph.d,...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Database Basics
Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D,Professor, Chairman BOS & HEAD,Department of CSSE,Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College,Tirupati.Andhra Pradesh
![Page 2: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
OVERVIEW
Organizational Data Cycle
Introduction to DBMS
Types of DBMS
Database Architectures
Operations on Databases
Top 10 Databases
Open Databases
Big Data
![Page 3: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The Organizational Data Cycle
User Wisdom
Knowledge
InformationData
Actions
![Page 4: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
DIKW Hierarchy
![Page 5: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What is a Database?
• According to Oxford English Dictionary:
“A structured collection of data held in computerstorage; esp. one that incorporates software tomake it accessible in a variety of ways”
![Page 6: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
FLAT FILE CHARACTERISTICS & FEATURES
• Store all data in one large table.
• Each line of the text holds one record.
• The first row in a flat file refers to the field name.
• The different fields in a record are separated by delimiters, such
as vertical bar “|” or a comma “,” or a semi-colon “;”.
• No folders or paths are used organize the data.
• Data stored in it are searchable by using keywords, phrases or
both.
![Page 7: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Advantages
• Easier to setup and use.
• Consume less space.
• No special software or
hardware requirements.
• Often free or cheap.
Disadvantages
• Prone to data corruption or
duplication.
• Prone to error.
• Hard to update or modify.
• Poor access control.
• Cannot perform complex
process
FLAT FILE
![Page 9: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Database
![Page 10: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Contd.
![Page 11: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Database Management System(DBMS)
• A Specialized piece of software that sits between the data and its users.
Database
Management
System
Data
![Page 12: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Database Management Systems
• A database management system (DBMS) is asoftware that allows a computer to Manage,perform database functions of storing,retrieving, adding, deleting and modifyingdata.
![Page 13: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
DBMS Functions and Users
• Four major uses of a DBMS package
– Database Development
– Querying
– Maintenance
– Application Development
• Database users
– Database administrators ( DBAs )
– Database designer
– End Users
![Page 14: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
BANKING : For customer information,
accounts, payments, deposits, loans and
banking transactions.
AIRLINES : For reservations and schedule
information. Airlines were among the first
to use databases in a geographically
distributed manner. Terminals situated
around the world accessed through the
central database system.
UNIVERSITIES : For student information,
course registrations, colleges and grades.
APPLICATIONS OF DBMS
![Page 15: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
TELECOMMUNICATION: For keeping
records of calls made, generating monthly
bills, maintaining balances and storing
information about the communication
networks.
FINANCE: For storing information about
holdings, sales, and purchases of financial
instruments such as stocks and bonds.
SALES: For storing customer, product &
sales information.
Contd.
![Page 16: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
MANUFACTURING: For management of
supply chain and for tracking production of
items in factories, inventories of items in
warehouses / stores, and orders for items.
HUMAN RESOURCES: For information
about employees, salaries, payroll taxes
and benefits, and for generation of
paychecks.
Contd.
![Page 17: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Types of DBMS
• Hierarchical database
• Network database
• Relational database
• Object-Oriented database
![Page 18: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
• Type of database where data are organized in a tree structure that links a number of different elements to one "parent," primary record.
![Page 19: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Hierarchical DBMS
![Page 20: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Tree structure in the Network models can have a
many parent to many child relational model.
The Network model structure is based on records
and sets and most of these databases use SQL for
manipulation of their data.
Network database management systems tend to
be very flexible but are rarely used and were very
quite common in the1960s and 1970s.
Network DBMS
![Page 21: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Network DBMS
![Page 22: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
• More advanced and efficient type of database which can store very large amount of data in a set of tables that are linked together.
![Page 23: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Relational DBMS
![Page 24: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Object-oriented DBMS borrow from the model of
the Object-oriented programming paradigm.
In this database model, the Object and its data or
attributes are seen as one and accessed through
pointers rather than stored in relational table models.
Object-oriented programming languages thereby almost
making the data and the program operate as one. There
is little commercial implementation of this database
model as it is still developing.
Object Oriented DBMS
![Page 25: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Object Oriented DBMS
![Page 26: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Database Architectures
• Centralized Database Systems
• Client/Server Database Systems
• Distributed Database Systems
![Page 27: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Centralized Database Systems
Database
![Page 28: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Client/Server Database Systems
DatabaseServer
Client
Client
![Page 29: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Distributed Database Systems
DatabaseServer
DatabaseServer
DatabaseServer
![Page 30: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Operations on a Database
• Tables can be related one another
• Operations on a table:
– Creating a table with given structure(Schema)
– Insert a record (row)
– Delete a record
– Update a record
– Querying
![Page 31: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
1. Oracle RDBMS
2. IBM DB2 /DB4
3. Microsoft SQL Server
4. SAP Sybase ASE
5. Teradata
6. ADABAS
7. MySQL
8. FileMaker
9. Microsoft Access
10. Informix
Top 10 DBMS Software
![Page 32: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Open Data
• Open data is the idea that some data should be freely available to everyone to use and republish as they wish, without restrictions from copyright, patents or other mechanisms of control.
![Page 34: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Content of Open Data
• Open data may include non-textual material such as maps, genomes, chemical compounds, mathematical and scientific formulae, medical data and practice, bioscience and biodiversity.
![Page 35: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Open Data Sources
• Science– The Dataverse Network Project – archival repository software promoting data sharing,
persistent data citation, and reproducible research
– data.uni-muenster.de – Open data about scientific artifacts from University of Muenster, Germany. Launched in 2011.
– linkedscience.org/data – Open scientific datasets encoded as Linked Data. Launched in 2011.
• Government– Open Data in Canada.
– Data.gov in US
– EU Open Data Portal which gives access to open data from the EU institutions, agencies and other bodies
– Data.gov.in of India
![Page 36: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
data.gov.in
![Page 37: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
US: https://www.data.gov/
![Page 38: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Big Data
• Big data is a term for data sets that are so large or complex that traditional data processing application software is inadequate to deal with them.
![Page 39: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Challenges
• Capture• Storage• Analysis• Data Curation• Search• Sharing• Transfer• Visualization• Querying• Updating and information privacy.
![Page 40: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Applications
• Government
• Cyber-physical models
• Healthcare
• Media
• Internet of Things
![Page 41: Database Basics - APHRDIAPHRDI/2017/4_Apr...Database Basics Dr.B.Narendra Kumar Rao, Ph.D, Professor, ... Database Management System Data. Database Management Systems •A database](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5b0e4e757f8b9a3a0d8b8a22/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
• Thank You