data warehouse - prototype system for solidarity fund of lebanese university’s teachers - . adeeb...

7/22/2019 Data Warehouse - Prototype System for Solidarity Fund of Lebanese Universitys Teachers - . Adeeb eit

1/87

QagffifhOusbndss[rftftypd Qystdj hfr Qfibelrbty Hune fh Idolndsd Tnbvdrsbtys Udlagdrs

[rdplrde Oy=

Jfgljjde Quibdjln Lib Qlidg

Quojbttde Uf=

Er= Leddo Dbt

L @rleultd [rfmdat Quojbttde bn Huihbiijdnt fh tgd _dqubrdjdnt hfr tgd

Ed`rdd fh Jlstdr fh Ousbndss Lejbnbstrltbfn (JOL) bn Jlnl`djdnt

Bnhfrjltbfn QystdjsQujjdr ?;


2/87

Edebaltbfn

Uf jy iltd Hltgdr, jly gbs sfui rdst bn pdlad, lne jly Liilg `rlnt gbj l gb`g

pilad bn Mlnnlg.

Uf jy jftgdr wgf gls liwlys oddn tgdrd wbtg jd bn `ile tbjds lne sle.

Uf jy hljbiy, tglnc yfu hfr odibdvbn` bn jd. [idlsd efn't dvdr efuot jy

edebaltbfn lne ifvd hfr yfu.

JyailssjltdslnetdlagdrsBlisfedebaltdyfujysuaadssgfpbn`yfulagbdvd

tgdsljdlnerdlagsuaadsslhtdrsuaadss.


3/87

LACNFPIDE@DJDNU

B'J @_LUDHTI UF JR [_FMDAU @TBED E_.LEDDODBU HF_ UGD@TBELNAD,BNQ[B_LUBFN LNE AFNQU_TAUBXD QT@@DQUBFNQ UGLU

GDI[HTI JD BN UGD [_D[L_LUBFN FH UGBQ [_FMDAU.B LIQF UGLNC

JR AFIIDL@TDQ PGF GLXD GDI[DE BN QTAADQQHTI AFJ[IDUBFN

FH UGD [_FMDAU.

?


4/87

Lostrlat

Ugd Qystdj fh Qfibelrbty Hune fh Idolndsd Tnbvdrsbty Udlagdrs (QHITU) bs edlibn` wbtg

afjpidx eltl tglt afjds hrfj jlny ebhhdrdnt pilads (Gfspbtlis, [glrjlabds, Qagffi,

Ilofrltfrbds), tgd systdj bs stru``id tf utbibzd lne bntd`rltd eltl afjds hrfj tgdsd

pilads, sf, tgdrd bs nf bntd`rltde hfr bnhfrjltbfn jlnl`djdnt lne edabsbfn jlcbn`

prfadss. Olsde fn tgdsd hlats , tgdrd bs l ndde hfr ln dhhdatbvd systdj tf alpturd,

afiiltd, lne ebstrboutd tgd Qfibelrbty Hune fh Idolndsd Tnbvdrsbty Udlagdrs (QHITU)

eltl.

Ugdrdhfrd, tgd eltl wlrdgfusd afnadpt bjpidjdntltbfn fn tgd Qfibelrbty Hune systdj

bs tgd odst sfiutbfn tf bntd`rltd eltl fh Qfibelrbty Hune systdj. Eltl wlrdgfusd gls

oddn usde tf suppfrt edabsbfn-jlcbn` prfadss bn jlny sdatfrs suag ls dn`bnddrbn`,

gdlitgalrd, edhdnsd lne rdtlbidr sdatfrs.

Ugd rdsdlrag prfoidj tglt bs `fbn` tf od leerdssde bs, gfw aln eltl wlrdgfusbn`

lssbst tgd edabsbfn-jlcbn` prfadss bn tgd Qfibelrbty Hune systdj lofut tgd hbnlnabli

jdebali lssbstlnad hfr gfspbtlibzltbfns , wgbag bs `bvdn tf jdjodrs fh tgd Qfibelrbty

Hune . Ugd lbj fh fur prfmdat bs, tf bnvdstb`ltd wglt edabsbfn-jlcbn` bssuds lrd hlade

bn Qfibelrbty Hune wbtg tgd aurrdnt bnhfrjltbfn systdj lne gfw aln edabsbfn-jlcbn`

bjprfvde oy bjpidjdntbn` eltl wlrdgfusd.

Ls l plrt fh tgd rdsdlrag, B wbii edvdifp l subtloid eltl wlrdgfusd prftftypd olsde fn

tgd Qfibelrbty Hune systdj nddes tf bjprfvd tgd aurrdnt edabsbfn-jlcbn` prfadss lne

hlabibtltd laadss tf eltl fh jdjodrs trlnslatbfns tglt wbii od usde bn edabsbfn-jlcbn`

prfadss fr suppfrt edabsbfn wbtg litdrnltbvds wgdn jlcbn` l edabsbfn. Lisf B wbii

edvdifp l wdosbtd hfr gfspbtlibzltbfn hbids usde oy jdjodrs tf hfiifw up tgdbr

trlnslatbfns tglt lrd bnsbed tgd Qfibelrbty Hune lne bt usde tf `dt bnhfrjltbfn lofut tgdbr

jdebali hbids wgdn tgdy ndde tgbs bnhfrjltbfn.

Ugd Qfibelrbty Hune afjjbttdd aln usd l eltl wlrdgfusd tf hfiifw up tgd jdebali

gbstfry fh jdjodrs wgdn tgdy wdrd jled l edabsbfn lofut jdjodrs trlnslatbfn.

1


5/87

Ugd jdtgfefif`y usde tf afneuat tgbs prfmdat afnsbstde fh twf plrts. Ugd hbrst plrt

rdvbdwde tgd ibtdrlturd tf edhbnd tgd olac`rfune cnfwide`d lofut eltl wlrdgfusbn`,

edabsbfn suppfrt systdj, edabsbfn jlcbn` prfadss, lne tgd rfid fh eltl wlrdgfusd bn

edabsbfn jlcbn` lne suppfrtbn` edabsbfn jlcbn`. Lisf bn tgbs plrt bedntbhy eltl

wlrdgfusd jfedibn`, D_ jfedi, ebjdnsbfnli jfedi, lne `bvd ln dxljpid lofut dlag

jfedi.

Ugd sdafne plrt bs tgd prlatbali plrt3 bn tgbs plrt B wls `ltgdrde bnhfrjltbfn hrfj tgd

hfrjs tglt lrd usde bn tgd aurrdnt systdj lne usde bn tgd aurrdnt edabsbfn-jlcbn`

prfadss, lisf B ebe ln bntdrvbdw wbtg bnhfrjltbfn tdagnfif`y jln`dr lofut hfiifwbn` up

edabsbfn-jlcbn` prfadss lne lofut edsb`nbn` prftftypd wdosbtd wgbag usde oy tgd

Hune's jdjodrs.

5


6/87

Uloid fh Afntdnt

Edebaltbfn..


7/87


8/87

Lppdnebx O 7;Oboibf`rlpgy . 71

0


9/87

Ibst fh Hb`urds=

Hb`urd


10/87

Ugdfrdtbali plrt=


11/87

Lisf l efatfr aln usd tgd eltl wlrdgfusd lne wdosbtd tf hfiifw up tgd pltbdnt's jdebali

gbstfry lne tgdn gd/sgd aln tlcd subtloid edabsbfn lofut tgd aurrdnt afnebtbfn fh tgd

pltbdnt.


12/87


13/87

prdhdrdnads lrd fhtdn bnhiudnade oy afrpfrltd ruids fr auiturd, ilw, odst prlatbads, lne

sf hfrtg.?


14/87

[drhfrj "wglt-bh" lne `fli-sddcbn` lnliysbs


15/87


16/87

dhhdatbvd bn bnardlsbn` slids.

Edabsbfn Quppfrt Qystdjs gdip bn vlrbfus edabsbfn-jlcbn` sbtultbfns oy

utbibzbn` jfedis tglt liifw yfu tf lnliyzd bnhfrjltbfn bn jlny ebhhdrdnt wlys.

Ugd jfedis yfu usd bn l Edabsbfn Quppfrt Qystdj edpdne fn tgd edabsbfn

yfu lrd jlcbn` lne, afnsdqudntiy, tgd cbne fh lnliysbs yfu rdqubrd. Hfr

dxljpid, yfu wfuie usd wglt-bh lnliysbs tf sdd wglt dhhdat tgd agln`d fh fnd

fr jfrd vlrbloids wbii glvd fn ftgdr vlrbloids, fr fptbjbzltbfn tf hbne tgd jfst

prfhbtloid sfiutbfn `bvdn fpdrltbn` rdstrbatbfns lne ibjbtde rdsfurads.

Qprdlesgddt sfhtwlrd suag ls dxadi aln od usde ls l Edabsbfn Quppfrt

Qystdj hfr wglt-bh lnliysbs.

Ugd jfedi jlnl`djdnt systdj stfrds lne jlbntlbns tgd Edabsbfn Quppfrt

Qystdjs jfedis. Bts hunatbfn fh jlnl`bn` jfedis bs sbjbilr tf tglt fh l

eltlolsd jlnl`djdnt systdj. Ugd jfedi jlnl`djdnt afjpfndnt alnnft

sdidat tgd odst jfedi hfr yfu tf usd hfr l plrtbauilr prfoidj tglt rdqubrds yfur

dxpdrtbsd out bt aln gdip yfu ardltd lne jlnbpuiltd jfedis qubaciy lne

dlsbiy.


17/87

agbierdns aiftgbn`, ls wdii vlrbfus gfusdgfie wlrds. Uf jltag tgd rb`gt

austfjdr wbtg tgd altlif`, ilnes dne gls bedntbhbde ?; ebhhdrdnt spdablity

tlr`dt jlrcdts. Austfjdrs bn tgdsd tlr`dt jlrcdts rdadbvd altlif`s fh

jdraglnebsd tglt tgdy lrd ibcdiy tf ouy, slvbn` Ilnes Dne tgd dxpdnsd fh

sdnebn` altlif`s fh lii prfeuats tf lii ?; jbiibfn austfjdrs. Uf prdebat

austfjdr edjlne, ilnes dne nddes tf afntbnufusiy jfnbtfr ouybn` trdnes.

Lne tf jddt tglt edjlne, ilnes dne just laaurltdiy hfrdalst slids idvdis.

Uf laafjpibsg tgdsd `flis, bt usds l Edabsbfn Quppfrt Qystdj wgbag

pdrhfrjs tgrdd tlscs=

Eltl jlnl`djdnt= Ugd Edabsbfn Quppfrt Qystdj stfrds austfjdr lne

prfeuat bnhfrjltbfn. Bn leebtbfn tf tgbs fr`lnbzltbfnli bnhfrjltbfn, Ilnes Dne

lisf nddes dxtdrnli bnhfrjltbfn, suag ls edjf`rlpgba bnhfrjltbfn lne

bneustry lne styid trdne bnhfrjltbfn.

Jfedi jlnl`djdnt=Ugd Edabsbfn Quppfrt Qystdj gls tf glvd jfedis tf

lnliyzd tgd bnhfrjltbfn. Ugd jfedis ardltd ndw bnhfrjltbfn tglt edabsbfn

jlcdrs ndde tf piln prfeuat ibnds lne bnvdntfry idvdis. Hfr dxljpid, Ilnes

Dne usds l stltbstbali jfedi aliide rd`rdssbfn lnliysbs tf edtdrjbnd trdnes bn

austfjdr ouybn` plttdrns lne hfrdalstbn` jfedis tf prdebat slids idvdis.

Tsdr bntdrhlad jlnl`djdnt= L usdr bntdrhlad dnloids Ilnes Dne edabsbfn

jlcdrs tf laadss bnhfrjltbfn lne tf spdabhy tgd jfedis tgdy wlnt tf usd tf

ardltd tgd bnhfrjltbfn tgdy ndde.


18/87

lpprfprbltd rltbf fh stlhh tf slids vfiujd. Quag ruids-fh-tgujo, lisf cnfwn ls

gdurbstbas, jlcd up tgd cnfwide`d olsd.


19/87

eurbn` tgd


20/87

[rfadss-Frbdntde= Bt bs bjpfrtlnt tf vbdw eltl wlrdgfusbn` ls l prfadss hfr

edibvdry fh bnhfrjltbfn. Ugd jlbntdnlnad fh l eltl wlrdgfusd bs fn`fbn` lne

btdrltbvd bn nlturd.


21/87

Hbnliiy, tgdrd bs l rdpfsbtfry hfr stfrbn` lne jlnl`bn` jdtleltl, lne tffis hfr

jfnbtfrbn` lne lejbnbstdrbn` tgd wlrdgfusbn` systdj.


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23/87

afiidatde lne bntd`rltde wbtgbn eltl wlrdgfusd. Ugd qulibty fh bts afntdnt bs ebrdatiy

edpdnednt upfn tgd afntdnts fh tgd eltl wlrdgfusd. Bnedpdnednt eltl jlrts lrd tgfsd

tglt lrd edvdifpde wbtgfut rd`lre tf fvdrlii eltl wlrdgfusd lragbtdaturd, pdrglps lt

tgd edplrtjdntli fr ibnd-fh-ousbndss idvdi, typbaliiy hfr usd ls l tdjpfrlry sfiutbfn. Ls

tgd bnedpdnednt eltl jlrt alnnft rdiy fn ln dxbstbn` eltl wlrdgfusd hfr bts afntdnt,

bjpidjdntltbfn wbii tlcd ifn`dr tgln l edpdnednt eltl jlrt. _d`lreidss, hfr l eltl jlrt

fpdrltbn` bnedpdnedntiy fh lny ftgdr eltl jlrt fr eltl wlrdgfusd, bt bs stbii bjpfrtlnt

tglt tgd eltl wbtgbn bt od afjpidtd lne laaurltd. Bh nft, drrfndfus lnliysbs bs ibcdiy tf

faaur lne bnvlibe afnaiusbfns erlwn. Ln bnedpdnednt eltl jlrt jly od tgd fniy vbloid

lpprflag wgdn tgd dxbstbn` dntdrprbsd wlrdgfusd bs odbn` oubit bnardjdntliiy lne tgd

eltl nddede oy tgd eltl jlrt usdrs bs nft ydt lvlbiloid hrfj tgd wlrdgfusd.

Oubiebn` l afrpfrltd eltl wlrdgfusd fn l suomdat oy suomdat lpprflag bs adrtlbniy l

rdlsfnloid lne prfvdn strltd`y. Jlny fr`lnbzltbfns tglt glvd trbde tf pfpuiltd tgdbr

dntdrprbsd eltl wlrdgfusds wbtg eltl hfr lii rdqudstde suomdat lrdls prbfr tf bnbtbli

rfiifut glvd hfune tglt tgbs wls lcbn tf lttdjptbn` tf trybn` tf ofbi tgd fadln, tgd tlsc

wls sbjpiy tff fvdrwgdijbn` tf od rdlibstbaliiy laafjpibsgde bn lnytgbn` ftgdr tgln l

pglsde lpprflag. Bt bs rdlsfnloid tf lssujd tglt ln fr`lnbzltbfns bnedpdnednt eltl

jlrts wbii uitbjltdiy od afjobnde. Dvdntuliiy tgdy wbii ifsd tgdbr bnedpdnednad ls

bnebvbeuli eltl nddes lrd uitbjltdiy sltbshbde tgrfu`g ln dntdrprbsd eltl wlrdgfusd.

Afjobnbn` tgd afntdnt rdqubrdjdnts fh tgdsd bnedpdnednt eltl jlrts tf edtdrjbnd tgd

afntdnts fh tgd dntdrprbsd eltl wlrdgfusd wbii od sb`nbhbalntiy dlsbdr bh dlag eltl jlrt

afntlbns gb`g qulibty, afjpidtd eltl. Ugbs ofttfjs up lpprflag fh usbn` tgd

rdqubrdjdnts fh dxbstbn` bnedpdnednt eltl jlrts tf tgdn edtdrjbnd tgd rdqubrdjdnts fh

l eltl wlrdgfusd hrfj wgbag tgdy wbii od pfpuiltde gls oddn dhhdatbvd bn fr`lnbzltbfns

wgdrd sdvdrli edplrtjdnts hbrst nddede tf qubaciy bjpidjdnt tgdbr fwn sfiutbfns. Ugdsd

fr`lnbzltbfns afuie sbjpiy nft wlbt hfr tgdbr tfp efwn eltl wlrdgfusd tf hbrst od oubit.

L afjjfn prfoidj tglt dxbsts bn jlny fr`lnbzltbfns bs tgd bnlobibty tf qubaciy afjobnd

fpdrltbfnli eltl lofut tgd sljd dntbty suag ls l austfjdr fr vdnefr tglt dxbsts bn

juitbpid systdjs. L ailssba dxljpid faaurrde wgdn olncbn` bnstbtutbfns hbrst stlrtde

leebn` ndw sdrvbad fhhdrbn`s suag ls bnvdstjdnt laafunts tf tgdbr jfrd trlebtbfnli

slvbn`s lne agdacbn` laafunt fhhdrbn`s. Jlny fh tgdsd ndw sdrvbads wdrd suppfrtde oy

??


24/87

systdjs tglt dxbstde bnedpdnedntiy. Pgdn tgd olnc nddede tf sdd lii fh tgd aurrdnt

hbnlnabli bnhfrjltbfn bt gle lofut l austfjdr, bt nddede tf afjobnd lne afnsfibeltd eltl

hrfj lii fh tgdsd systdjs, lssujbn` fh afursd bt afuie bedntbhy tglt l austfjdr wgfsd

laafunt bnhfrjltbfn rdsbede bn sdvdrli systdjs, wls tgd sljd austfjdr. Ls tgbs ndde

odaljd bnardlsbn`iy jfrd bjpfrtlnt, tgd fpdrltbfnli eltl stfrd (FEQ) aljd bntf

vf`ud. L prbjlry ebhhdrdnad odtwddn eltl wlrdgfusds lne fpdrltbfnli eltl stfrds bs

tglt wgbid l eltl wlrdgfusd hrdqudntiy afntlbns juitbpid tbjd-stljpde gbstfrbali eltl

snlpsgfts, wbtg ndw snlpsgfts odbn` leede fn l wdii-edhbnde pdrbfeba sagdeuid, ln

fpdrltbfnli eltl stfrd afntlbns aurrdnt vliuds tglt lrd afntbnuliiy bn hiux. L eltl

wlrdgfusd lees ndw tbjd-stljpde eltl vliuds lne rdtlbns tgd fie fnds3 ln

fpdrltbfnli eltl stfrd upeltds dxbstbn` eltl vliuds. Pgbid tgd bnbtbli ifle lne afntbnuli

upeltbn` fh tgd fpdrltbfnli eltl stfrd lrd ailssba dxljpids fh eltl bntd`rltbfn, tgd

lobibty tf bedntbhy lne ibnc ebhhdrdnt laafunts dlag alpturde hrfj l ebhhdrdnt systdj, ls

odifn`bn` tf tgd sljd austfjdr bs lisf l ailssba dxljpid fh eltl qulibty. Ugbs

unedrsafrds tgd bjpfrtlnad fh, lne bntdredpdnednad odtwddn, eltl qulibty lne eltl

bntd`rltbfn, wgdn sfivbn` rdli-wfrie ousbndss prfoidjs.


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26/87

fwndrsgbp/stdwlresgbp bnhfrjltbfn,

laadss bnhfrjltbfn,

rdhdrdnad/dnafebn` tloid bnhfrjltbfn, lne

Eltl jfedi-edsb`n rdiltbfnsgbp bnhfrjltbfn.


27/87

sdplrltbfn odtwddn trlnslatbfn prfadssbn` lne lnliysds sb`nbhbalntiy bjprfvds

pdrhfrjlnad.


28/87

lsc.


29/87

`dndrltbfn nddes. Ugd usdr aln agffsd hrfj l prdedtdrjbnde sdt fh fptbfns hfr typds

fh eltl lne ebspily hfrjlts. Futput bs typbaliiy bn tgd hfrj fh aglrts, `rlpgs, tloids fr

jlps. FIL[ sfivds tgd prfoidj fh ebstrboutbn` bnhfrjltbfn tf ilr`d nujodrs fh usdrs

wbtg ebvdrsd rdpfrtbn` nddes. FIL[ rdibdvds tgd ifn` rdspfnsd tbjds tglt aln od

dnafuntdrde wgdn jlny usdrs ndde tf rdpdltdeiy qudry ilr`d eltlolsds hfr dxtdnede

pdrbfes fh tbjd. FIL[ tffis lrd pfwdrhui lne hlst tffis hfr `dndrltbn` rdpfrts fn eltl,

wgdrdls eltl jbnbn` tffis hbne plttdrns bn tgd eltl. FIL[ usdrs lrd afnstrlbnde bn tgd

qudstbfns tgdy aln lsc sbnad FIL[ lne fniy lnswdr tgd qudstbfns tglt tgd eltl hfrjlts

wdrd edsb`nde tf leerdss. Ugdy alnnft `f olac tf tgd frb`bnli eltl lne sdlrag hfr ndw

sfiutbfns. Ugdrdhfrd, eltl jbnbn` bs jfrd pfwdrhui tgln FIL[.


30/87

bnhfrjltbfn eurbn` tgd prdplrltbfn hfr tgd jddtbn`. Pgbid hbnebn` tgd bnhfrjltbfn, sfjd

ifw-idvdi tlscs suag ls altd`frbzd, aiustdr lne afjplrd lrd pdrhfrjde oy tgd

jlnl`drs ls tgdy lttdjpt tf unedrstlne tgd bnhfrjltbfn. Ugrfu`g tgd unedrstlnebn`

latbvbty, bnhfrjltbfn, plrtbauilriy tgd litdrnltbvds tglt wbii od afnsbedrde lt tgd jddtbn`,

bs edvdifpde lne wbii od dvliultde hfr bjpidjdntltbfn.

Hfr tgd edabsbfn tf jddt tgd jlnl`drbli fomdatbvds, tgd jdjodr fh tgd edabsbfn-jlcbn`

prfadssds, plrtbauilriy tgd jlnl`drs, just edtdrjbnd wglt bnhfrjltbfn tf usd, gfw lne

wgdrd tf hbne bt lne wglt tf ef wbtg bt. Ugus, tgd edpdnednay fn bnhfrjltbfn nft fniy

dxbsts bn tgd ousbndss prfadss out lisf bn tgd edabsbfn-jlcbn` prfadssds, sf tgd

rdtrbdvli fh tgd eltl lssfabltde wbtg adrtlbn jlnl`drs rfid hrfj tgd eltl wlrdgfusd bs

aruabli hfr l `ffe edabsbfn.?;

Eltl wlrdgfusbn` bs l afiidatbfn fh edabsbfn suppfrt tdagnfif`bds, lbjde lt dnloibn`

tgd cnfwide`d wfrcdr (dxdautbvd, jlnl`dr, lne lnliyst) tf jlcd odttdr lne hlstdr

edabsbfns. Bt sdrvds ls l pgysbali bjpidjdntltbfn fh l edabsbfn suppfrt eltl jfedi lne

stfrds tgd bnhfrjltbfn fn wgbag ln dntdrprbsd nddes tf jlcd strltd`ba edabsbfns. Ugd

eltl wlrdgfusd suppfrts fn-ibnd lnliytbali prfadssbn` (FIL[), tgd hunatbfnli lne

pdrhfrjlnad rdqubrdjdnts fh wgbag lrd qubtd ebhhdrdnt hrfj tgfsd fh tgd fn-ibnd

trlnslatbfn prfadssbn` (FIU[) lppibaltbfns trlebtbfnliiy suppfrtde oy tgd fpdrltbfnli

eltlolsds. Eltl wlrdgfusds prfvbed fn-ibnd lnliytbali prfadssbn` (FIL[) tffis hfr tgd

bntdrlatbvd lnliysbs fh juitbebjdnsbfnli eltl fh vlrbde `rlnuilrbtbds, wgbag hlabibtltds

dhhdatbvd eltl jbnbn`. Eltl wlrdgfusbn` lne fn-ibnd lnliytbali prfadssbn` (FIL[) lrd

dssdntbli didjdnts fh edabsbfn suppfrt, wgbag gls bnardlsbn`iy odafjd l hfaus fh tgd

eltlolsd bneustry.?< Eltl wlrdgfusd prfvbeds lragbtdaturd lne tffis hfr ousbndss

dxdautbvds tf systdjltbaliiy fr`lnbzd, unedrstlne lne usd tgdbr eltl tf jlcd strltd`ba

edabsbfns. Ugd ndxt hb`urd ebspilys gfw eltl wlrdgfusd aln edibvdr tgd bnhfrjltbfn tf

edabsbfn jlcdr.

?;gp=//bmbjt.fr`/plpdrs/?01E


31/87

Hb`urd


32/87

dntdrprbsd-wbed eltl wlrdgfusd. _fids fh jlnl`drs wbii spdabhy tgd rdidvlnt tlscs wgbid

ousbndss prfadss wbii bnebaltd tgd hifw fh bnhfrjltbfn lt spdabhba edabsbfn pfbnt.


33/87

bn l``rd`ltd struaturds bn tgd auod. Ugbs fr`lnbzltbfn bs suppfrtde oy ln FIL[ dn`bnd

tglt upeltds l``rd`ltde eltl pdrbfebaliiy. L``rd`ltds lt lii gbdrlragbali idvdis lifn` lii

ebjdnsbfns lrd qubaciy lvlbiloid oy mfbnbn` tgd hlats tf gbdrlragy lne idvdi cdys, `rdltiy

bjprfvbn` tgd dhhbabdnay fh tgd systdj. Bn tgbs wly, FIL[ afnndats aibdnts tf edabsbfn

suppfrt eltl lne jlps ousbndss jdlsurdjdnts, tgrfu`g FIL[ auods lne jdlsurds,

tf nujdrbali hlats bn eltl wlrdgfusd hlat tloids. Bt lisf jlps ousbndss suomdat lrdls

tgrfu`g FIL[ ebjdnsbfns lne gbdrlragbds tf ebjdnsbfn tloids bn l eltl wlrdgfusd.

Hurtgdr, bt jlps ousbndss edsarbptbvd lttrboutds tgrfu`g ebjdnsbfns lne gbdrlragbali

lttrboutds tf eltl wlrdgfusd ebjdnsbfn tloid lttrboutds. Hb`urd odiifw sgfws fomdats bn

dlag dnvbrfnjdnt bn tgbs jlppbn`.

Hb`urd


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fh lnliysbs tglt aln od pdrhfrjde. Hfr dxljpid, lifn` tgd alidnelr ydlr gbdrlragy bn

tgd tbjd ebjdnsbfn hfur idvdis afuie od edhbnde hfr tgd gbdrlragy hrfj tfp tf ofttfj= lii

ydlrs, alidnelr ydlr, alidnelr qulrtdr, lne jfntg. Eltl hfr dlag idvdi lrd l``rd`ltde

lne stfrde bn tgd auod. Ugdsd l``rd`ltds lt dlag idvdi bnaiued tgd vliuds hfr

bntdrsdatbfn wbtg dlag idvdi fh ftgdr ebjdnsbfn/gbdrlragbds edhbnde, suag ls afuntry,

rd`bfn, stltd, bn tgd FIL[ systdj. Bn tgbs wly, lny tbjd ln l``rd`ltbfn lnliysbs bs

pdrhfrjde, l rdhdrdnad tf tgd idvdi, fr idvdi cdy, wbii od suhhbabdnt tf rdtrbdvd tgd

prdvbfusiy sujjlrbzde eltl wbtgfut aliauiltbfn l`lbnst rlw eltl bn tgd unedriybn` eltl

wlrdgfusd. FIL[ auods lisf afntlbn oftg olsd lne edrbvde eltl. Olsd eltl lrd

jlppbn`s hrfj ln unedriybn` eltl wlrdgfusd suag ls eltl hfr slids. Ugd edrbvde eltl

lrd lnliysbs-spdabhba aliauiltde eltl suag ls slids ydlr-tf-eltd (Rte) lne ydlr-tf-

eltd pdradntl`d agln`d prdvbfus ydlr (Rte % Ag` [r Rdlr). Ugdrdhfrd, l typbali qudry

efds nft ndde tf pdrhfrj leebtbfnli aliauiltbfns fn tgd hiy, sbnad l``rd`ltbfns lne

edrbvde vliuds glvd lirdley oddn aliauiltde lne stfrde wbtgbn tgd auod oy ln FIL[

dn`bnd. FIL[ dnloids qubac lne dlsy bnhfrjltbfn rdtrbdvli oy jlnl`bn`

juitbebjdnsbfnli eltl bn auods lne gbdrlragbds. Ugbs prfvbeds tgd alplobibty fh usdrs

glvbn` fnibnd laadss tf tgd eltl, lne odbn` loid tf bntdrlat wbtg tgd eltl. Ugrfu`g suag

laadss edabsbfn jlcdrs aln pdrhfrj lnliysbs, bnaiuebn` sibabn` lne ebabn`, erbii efwn

lne rfii up, wbtg lny slibdnt eltl lne aln jlnbpuiltd eltl bn lny edsbrde wly tf rdvdli

bnhfrjltbfn. Lii fh lofvd lnliysbs latbvbtbds wfuie nft od pfssboid bh tgd usdr efds nft

glvd fnibnd laadss tf tgd eltl fr bnhfrjltbfn bs rdturnde bn ln unlaadptloid hfrjlt.


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lnliyzbn` lne rdpfrtbn` sb`nbhbalntiy dlsbdr. Qfjd dxljpids fh levlnade l``rd`ltbfn

hunatbfns bnaiued _FIIT[, ATOD, @_FT[BN@, @_FT[BN@ QDUQ, _LNCBN@, lne

rdiltbvd afntrboutbfn hunatbfns, ls ibstde bn Uloid odifw. Bn leebtbfn, ln FIL[ dn`bnd

dxtdnes Q\Is ndw lnliytbali alplobibtbds lne prfvbeds dvdn jfrd pfwdrhui lnliytba

hunatbfns tf pdrhfrj gbdrlragy nlvb`ltbfn lne aliauiltbfns bnvfivbn` rlncbn`, tbjd sdrbds,

rltbf, pdradntl`d, lne tgd ebhhdrdnad odtwddn tbjd pdrbfes. Ugd lnliytba hunatbfns

dnloid edabsbfn jlcdrs tf jlcd levlnade aliauiltbfns hfr afjplrbsfns lne bedntbhy

trdnes. Qfpgbstbaltde aliauiltbfns lrd djodeede wbtgbn tgd auod tf dnglnad tgd

lnliytba prfadss. Ugdsd aliauiltbfns fhtdn bnvfivd eltl hrfj jlny rfws lne bntdr-rfw

aliauiltbfns. Hfr dxljpid, l aliauiltbfn jly afjplrd tgd aurrdnt ydlrs slids hfr dlag

rd`bfn lne prfeuat altd`fry wbtg slids hrfj tgd sljd pdrbfe bn tgd prdvbfus ydlr lne

twf ydlrs prbfr. Ugd FIL[ auod struaturd bs edsb`nde tf laafjjfeltd tgbs typd fh

lnliysbs.

Erbii efwn lne rfii up lnliysbs bs pdrhfrjde lifn` ebjdnsbfn gbdrlragbali struaturds,

wbtg wgbag edabsbfn jlcdrs lnliyzd gfw l plrtbauilr eltl vliud afntrboutds tf tgd

wgfid. Hfr dxljpid, bh l rdpfrt sgfws ln undxpdatde ifw fn tgd slids hfr l `bvdn

prfeuat altd`fry, l erbiiefwn bs nddede tf dxljbnd tgd edtlbide nujodrs wbtgbn tglt

prfeuat altd`fry. FIL[ systdjs jlbntlbn gbdrlragy vbdws tglt dnalpsuiltd lii fh tgd

gbdrlragbali bnhfrjltbfn fh tgd ebjdnsbfn sf qudrbds aln trlvdrsd sdljidssiy hrfj lny

idvdi tf bts plrdnt/lnadstfr fr agbierdn/edsadnelnts.


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sljd tbjd, tgd vliuds bn tgd rdsuit sdt ndde tf od eynljba, tglt bs pdrjbt jlnbpuiltbfn,

tf suppfrt hurtgdr bntdrlatbfn hrfj tgd usdrs. Elsgoflres lne safrdalres lrd fhtdn usde

tf sujjlrbzd jdlsurds. Ugdy jfnbtfr cdy lspdats fh tgd fr`lnbzltbfn fpdrltbfns

sgfwbn` lne jfnbtfrbn` tgd gdlitg fh tgd dssdntbli lspdats fh tgd ousbndss.

Ugd prdsdntltbfn fh lnliytbas gls tf od hidxboid dnfu`g tf suppfrt bntdrlatbvd rdpfrt

`dndrltbfn, bnaiuebn` `rlpgbali lne aglrt rdprdsdntltbfns. Uf suppfrt juitbebjdnsbfnli

lnliysbs, gypdrauod pbvftbn` liifws usdrs tf iffc lt tgd eltl bn tgd auod hrfj lny

pdrspdatbvd. Uf suppfrt gbdrlragbali lnliysbs, erbii efwn lne rfii up liifw usdrs tf

rdtrbdvd bnhfrjltbfn lt lny idvdi lifn` tgd ebjdnsbfn gbdrlragbds. Juitbebjdnsbfnli

lnliysbs dnloids usdrs tf hfaus fn spdabhba sibads fh tgd auod tf pdrhfrj l jfrd edtlbide

lnliysbs bn tgd fpdrltbfn fh sibad lne ebad.

Lii fh lofvd lnliytba rdsuit prdsdntltbfns lrd fnibnd wbtg tgd eltl bn tgd FIL[ auod.

Afnsdqudntiy, usdrs fotlbn lijfst bnstlntlndfus rdsuits wgdn tgdy agln`d tgd auods

pdrspdatbvd, fr pdrhfrj erbii efwn tf tgd ndxt idvdi lifn` tgd ebjdnsbfn. Bt bs `dndrliiy

nft laadptloid pdrhfrjlnad bh tgd rdqubrde aglrt fr rdpfrt bs nft ebspilyde wbtgbn l

rdlsfnloid pdrbfe fh tbjd.

FIL[ suppfrts vlrbfus aibdnt tffis bn bntdrlatbvd rdpfrtbn` lne aglrt `dndrltbfn. Hurtgdr,

bt suppfrts ebhhdrdnt typds fh usdrs rln`bn` hrfj nfvbads tf pfwdr usdrs wbtg

strlb`gthfrwlre usdr bntdrhlads, prdprfadssde rdpfrts, afjpidx lnliysbs tffis, lne dvdn

ln levlnade qudry alplobibty tf dnglnad tgd jlnbpuiltbfn lne lnliysbs fh bnhfrjltbfn

bn tgd auods. Ftgdr lspdats fh prdsdntbn` eltl tf dne usdrs bnaiued vlrbfus alplobibtbds

bn hfrjlttbn` eltl tf dnglnad tgd ailrbty fh l rdpfrt lne utbibzbn` vbsulibzltbfn tffis wbtg

afnstrlbnts tf rdvdli bjpfrtlnt bnhfrjltbfn tglt ftgdrwbsd jly nft od rdlebiy fovbfus.

_dpfrts aln od stfrde wbtg austfjbzde hbitdrs lne sdidatde eltl rln`ds hfr huturd usd.

Jfrdfvdr, FIL[ prfvbeds l hidxboid dnvbrfnjdnt hfr tgd ardltbfn fh dxpifrltfry lnliysbs

rdpfrt fn tfp fh tgd auod eltl.?1


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Bn tgd ndxt sdatbfn wd rdvbdw wgy eltl jfedibn` bs bjpfrtlnt hfr eltl wlrdgfusd. Ugdn

Pd edsarbod tgd olsba afnadpt lne aglrlatdrbstbas D_ jfedibn` lne ebjdnsbfnli

jfedibn`.


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ebjdnsbfnli jfedis, ls bn Hb`urd odifw, wgbag sgfws tgd juitbebjdnsbfnli lnliysbs fh l

slids prfadss wbtg tgrdd ebjdnsbfns= [_FETAU (wglt), UBJD (wgdn), lne IFALUBFN

(wgdrd). Lt tgd bntdrsdatbfn fh tgdsd ebjdnsbfnli vliuds tgdrd lrd bntdrdstbn` hlats suag

ls tgd qulntbty sfie, slids rdvdnud, lne slids afsts.

Ugbs pdrspdatbvd fn tgd eltl lppdlis tf jlny OB usdrs odalusd tgd tgrdd ebjdnsbfnli

auod aln od tgfu`gt fh ls l stlac fh twf- ebjdnsbfnli sprdlesgddts. Hfr dxljpid, fnd

sprdlesgddt hfr dlag ifaltbfn afntlbns rfws hfr prfeuats, afiujns hfr tbjd pdrbfes, lne

rdvdnud hb`urds bn dlag adii.


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Pgdn eltl rdprdsdnt bn auod wd aln sdd bt ls bn tgd hfiifwbn` hb`urd.

Hb`urd


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Dlag eltl jlrt bs stlrtde ebrdatiy hrfj tgd fpdrltbfnli systdjs.

Eltl jlrts lrd oubit bnedpdnedntiy hrfj fnd lnftgdr.

Hdedrltde Lragb tdaturd (HDE)=tgd eltl bn tgd eltl wlrdgfusd bntd`rltds

if`baliiy fr pgysbaliiy usbn` ebhhdrdnt jdtgfes suag ls cdys, ebstrboutde qudrbds.

Guo lne spfcds lragbtdaturd= Ugbs lragbtdaturd bs sbjbilr tf adntrlibzde

lragbtdaturd. Bt afntlbns ltfjba (edtlbi) idvdi eltl wgbag lrd nfrjlibzde bntf tgbre

nfrjli hfrj. Ugdrd lrd bnedpdnednt eltl jlrts lttlagde tf tgbs adntrlibzde eltl

wlrdgfusd. Ugd bnedpdnednt eltl jlrts laqubrd eltl hrfj tgd adntrlibzde eltl

wlrdgfusd. Ugd adntrlibzde eltl wlrdgfusd lat ls l guo lne tgd bnedpdnednt

eltl jlrts lat ls spfcds.

Eltl jlrt ous lragbtdaturd= tgd eltl jlrt ous lragbtdaturd bs edsb`nde

laafrebn` tf tgd ousbndss rdqubrdjdnts fh tgd fr`lnbzltbfn. Lt tgd od`bnnbn` eltl

jlrt lragbtdaturd bs edsb`nde wbtg ebjdnsbfns lne jdlsurdjdnts lne iltdr fn,

sujjlrbzde eltl lne lrd fr`lnbzde bn stlr sagdjls.


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Eltl afntdnts= Ln FIU[ systdj jlnl`ds aurrdnt eltl tglt, typbaliiy, lrd tff

edtlbide tf od dlsbiy usde hfr edabsbfn jlcbn`. Ln FIL[ systdj jlnl`ds ilr`d

ljfunts fh gbstfrba eltl, prfvbeds hlabibtbds hfr sujjlrbzltbfn lne l``rd`ltbfn,

lne stfrds lne jlnl`ds bnhfrjltbfn lt ebhhdrdnt idvdis fh `rlnuilrbty. Ugdsd

hdlturds jlcd tgd eltl dlsbdr tf usd hfr bnhfrjde edabsbfn jlcbn`.

Eltlolsd edsb`n= Ln FIU[ systdj usuliiy lefpts ln dntbty-rdiltbfnsgbp (D_)

eltl jfedi lne ln lppibaltbfn-frbdntde eltlolsd edsb`n. Ln FIL[ systdj

typbaliiy lefpts dbtgdr l stlr fr l snfwhilcd jfedi (sdd Qdatbfn 5.?.?) lne l

suomdat-frbdntde eltlolsd edsb`n.

Xbdw= Ln FIU[ systdj hfausds jlbniy fn tgd aurrdnt eltl wbtgbn ln dntdrprbsd

fr edplrtjdnt, wbtgfut rdhdrrbn` tf gbstfrba eltl fr eltl bn ebhhdrdnt fr`lnbzltbfns.

Bn afntrlst, ln FIL[ systdj fhtdn splns juitbpid vdrsbfns fh l eltlolsd

sagdjl, eud tf tgd dvfiutbfnlry prfadss fh ln fr`lnbzltbfn. FIL[ systdjs lisf

edli wbtg bnhfrjltbfn tglt frb`bnltds hrfj ebhhdrdnt fr`lnbzltbfns, bntd`rltbn`

bnhfrjltbfn hrfj jlny eltl stfrds. Odalusd fh tgdbr gu`d vfiujd, FIL[ eltl

lrd stfrde fn juitbpid stfrl`d jdebl.

Laadss plttdrns= Ugd laadss plttdrns fh ln FIU[ systdj afnsbst jlbniy fh

sgfrt, ltfjba trlnslatbfns. Quag l systdj rdqubrds afnaurrdnay afntrfi lne

rdafvdry jdaglnbsjs. Gfwdvdr, laadssds tf FIL[ systdjs lrd jfstiy rdle-fniy fpdrltbfns (odalusd jfst eltl wlrdgfusds stfrd gbstfrba rltgdr tgln up-tf-

eltd bnhfrjltbfn), litgfu`g jlny afuie od afjpidx qudrbds.


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Ugd lobibty tf losfro gu`d ljfunts fh eltl. Fnad tgd eltl wlrdgfusd bs

dqubppde wbtg ln fvdrhifw stfrl`d jdaglnbsj suag ls litdrnltd/ndlr-ibnd

stfrl`d lne fnad tgd Pdo eltl plssds tgrfu`g l @rlnuilrbty Jlnl`dr, tgd eltl

wlrdgfusd bs dqubppde tf dhhdatbvdiy glneid ln bnhbnbtd ljfunt fh eltl. Ugd eltl

bs qubaciy jfvde tgrfu`g tgd Pdo dnvbrfnjdnt bntf tgd eltl wlrdgfusd. Bn efbn`

sf, tgd vfiujds fh eltl `dndrltde oy tgd Pdo dnvbrfnjdnt lrd nft ln

bjpdebjdnt tf pdrhfrjlnad fr lvlbilobibty bn tgd Pdo dnvbrfnjdnt.

Laadss tf bntd`rltde eltl. Pdo eltl oy btsdih bs nlcde lne hlbriy usdidss. Out

fnad Pdo-`dndrltde eltl bs afjobnde wbtg ftgdr afrpfrltd eltl, tgd jbxturd bs

vdry pfwdrhui. Pdo eltl fnad put bntf tgd eltl wlrdgfusd bs loid tf od

bntd`rltde, lne bn efbn` sf, vdry usdhui bnhfrjltbfn bs ardltde.

Ugd lobibty tf prfvbed vdry `ffe pdrhfrjlnad. Odalusd tgd Pdo laadssds tgd

FEQ, nft tgd eltl wlrdgfusd, `ffe pdrhfrjlnad bs afnsbstdntiy lagbdvde.


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Ugd hbrst edplrtjdnts wdrd Ugd Gb`g Gfusd fh Udlagdrs lne Ugd Qtltbstbas

Adntdr. Fn Edadjodr 1,


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od lhhbibltde tf lny ftgdr hune prfvbeds tgd sljd sdrvbads fr odttdr lne

ply bnstdle fh lnnuli suosarbptbfn.

Odndhbablrbds fh tgd Hune's sdrvbads=

Jdjodrs lne tgdbr hljbibds Stgd gusolne (wbhd) lne agbierdnZ lne wgf

lrd bn tgdbr austfey (hltgdr fr jftgdr fr orftgdr fr sbstdr), lne

laafrebn` tf tgd systdj fh odndhbts lne sdrvbads.14

Qdrvbads tglt lrd prfvbede oy tgd QHITU=

Ugd gfspbtlibzltbfn, pltgfif`bali lne trdltjdnt lssbstlnads odalusd

fh l sbacndss fr ln laabednt.

Qagfilrsgbps hfr tgd tdlagdrs agbierdn.

Obrtg lne jlrrbl`d sagfilrsgbps.

Ugd edltg lssbstlnad hfr tgd hljbiy bh tgd tdlagdr bs ebde fr hfr tgd

tdlagdr bh lny jdjodr edpdnes fn gbj bs ebde.

Qfabli sdrvbads tglt lrd edabede oy tgd oflre fh jlnl`djdnt.

Gfusbn` iflns.

Ebsafunts fn prbads lne tlrbhhs laafrebn` tf l`rddjdnts gfie oy hune

wbtg prfhbt lne nfn-prfhbt dstloibsgjdnts.

Ugd afntr boutbfn fh tgd QHITU bn gfspbtlibzltbfn=

2;% fh tgd dxpdnsds bs plbe oy tgd hune bh tgd tdlagdr fr fnd fh gbs

hljbiy jdjodrs dntdrs gfspbtli lne


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74% fut fh tgd dxpdnsds plbe hfr tgd tdlagdr fr lny jdjodr fh gbs

hljbiy.

8;% fut fh tgd dxpdnsds plbe hfr tgd orftgdr, sbstdr, hltgdr fr jftgdr

fh tgd tdlagdr. 18

18gp=//www.ui.deu.io/tllefe/QTO


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[rlatbali [lrt=

Bn tgbs plrt wd wbii ebsauss tgd hfiifwbn`s, Ugd jdtgfe wbii od usde tf `dt eltl hrfj/tf

tgd eltl wlrd gfusd, tgd aurrdnt edabsbfn-jlcbn` prfadss lne tgd edvdifp prftftypd

eltl wlrdgfusd hfr Qfibelrbty hune, tgd edvdifp l wdosbtd tf laadss eltl fn tgd eltl

wlrdgfusd lne tgd tffis lne bnstrujdnt usde tf edvdifp tgd eltl wlrdgfusd lne

wdosbtd ibjbtltbfns hlade bn tgbs prfmdat.

?.< Jdtgfe usde=

Bn fredr tf edvdifp fur eltl wlrdgfusd prftftypd, wd lrd usbn` l eltl afiidatbfn

jdtgfe hfr `ltgdrbn` tgd jlbn bnhfrjltbfn tf edsb`n tgd eltl wlrdgfusd prftftypd lne

tgd hfrjs tglt usde oy tgd hune tf rdafre tgd bnhfrjltbfn lofut tgd jdjodr's pltbdnt'strlnslatbfn. Ugdsd hfrjs wdrd sgfwde fn tgd lppdnebx L10.

Lisf , B wls efbn` ln bntdrvbdw lofut edsb`nbn` tgd wdosbtd, lne wglt lrd tgd jfst

bjpfrtlnt bnhfrjltbfn aln od ebspilyde fn tgbs wdosbtd6. Ugbs bntdrvbdw efnd wbtg BU

jlnl`dr Er.Byle ]llrfur, tgd bntdrvbdw sgfwde fn tgd lppdnebx O17.

?.? Aurrdnt edabsbfn jlcbn` prfadss=

Bn fredr tf `dt gbs/gdr hbnlnabli jdebali lssbstlnad hfr gbs/gdr pltbdnt's trlnslatbfn, tgd

jdjodr just orbn` wbtg gbj lii plpdrs fh ebl`nfsbs, ilofrltfry's tdstbn`, gfspbtlibzltbfn,

[glrjlay obiis lne sf fn lofut tgd alsd fh pltbdnt.

Qfibelrbty hune systdj bs efbn` sdplrltdiy hrfj ftgdr systdjs fh ilofrltfrbds, gfspbtlis,

pglrjlabds, sf, tgd jdjodr tlcds lii tgdsd plpdrs hrfj lii tgdsd pilads lne edibvdrbn`

tgdj tf tgd Qfibelrbty hune lejbnbstrltbfn unbt. Lisf tgd jdjodrs ndde tf hbii tgd hune

hfrj lofut tgd jdebali lssbstlnad.

Lhtdr tglt, tgd afjjbttdd agdacs lii plpdrs lne rdtrbdvli tgd pltbdnt's jdebali gbstfry

tgdn tgd afjjbttdd aln jlcd l edabsbfn lofut tgd pltbdnt's trlnslatbfn, bh tgd

afjjbttdd laadpt tgd trlnslatbfn tgdn tgdy edabed tf `bvd tgd hbnlnabli lssbstlnad tf

tgd jdjodr, ftgdrwbsd rdmdat tgd trlnslatbfn.

10gttp=//www.ui.deu.io/tllefe,eltd


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Ugd aurrdnt prfadss tlcds l ifn` tbjd tbii tgd jdjodrs `dts tgdbr hbnlnabli lssbstlnad

lofut tgdbr trlnslatbfn , sf tgd edvdifpbn` l eltl wlrdgfusd tf bntd`rltd tgd Qfibelrbty

hune systdj wbtg tgd ftgdr systdjs fh gfspbtlis, ilofrltfrbds lne pglrjlabds wbii

bjprfvd tgd edabsbfn jlcbn` prfadss.

?.1 Ugd eltl wlrdgfusd prftftypd edvdifpjdnt=

Pd wbii edsb`n l eltl wlrdgfusd prftftypd lne wdosbtd tf bjprfvd tgd Qfibelrbty hune

edabsbfn jlcbn` prfadss lne bntd`rltd tgd Qfibelrbty hune systdj wbtg ftgdr systdj fh

gfspbtlis, ilofrltfrbds, pglrjlabds.

Tsbn` l eltl wlrdgfusd lne wdosbtd tgd trlnslatbfns plpdrs lofut pltbdnts alsd wbii

od sdnt ebrdatiy hrfj gfspbtlis, ilofrltfrbds, lne pglrjlabds tf tgd hune systdj lne

tgdn usd tgdsd plpdrs bn jlcbn` l edabsbfn lofut tgd pltbdnts trlnslatbfn.

?.1.< Eltl Qfurads=

Ugd eltl afjds tf tgd Qfibelrbty hune hrfj gfspbtlis wgdrd tgd jdjodr's pltbdnts efbn`

tgd gfspbtlibzltbfn, ilofrltfrbds wgdrd tgd jdjodr's pltbdnts efbn` tgd ebl`nfsbn` lne

tdstbn`, pglrjlabds wgdrd tgd jdjodr's pltbdnts ofu`gt tgd jdebabnds, sagffis wgdrd

tgd jdjodr's agbierdn stueybn`. Qf wd aln edpbat tgd Qfibelrbty hune systdj ls sgfwbn`

bn tgd hfiifwbn` hb`urd.

Hb`urd?.


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?.1.? Ugd prfpfsde eltl wlrdgfusd jfedi hfr sfibelrbty hune=

Lhtdr cnfwbn` tgd jlbn systdjs tglt lrd pilyde l jlbn rfid tf bntdrlat wbtg sfibelrbty

hune systdj, wd aln edpbat tgd eltl wlrdgfusd struaturd ls bn tgd hbùrd odifw.

Hbùrd?.?= tgd prfpfsde eltl wlrdgfusd jfedi hfr sfibelrbty hun.

?.1.1 Ugd Edsb`n Eltl Jfedi hfr eltl wlrdgfusd prftftypd=

Ugd sfibelrbty systdj afntlbns tgd eltl jlrts, agrfnba ebsdlsd eltl jlrt, nfrjli

ebsdlsd eltl jlrt, pglrjlay eltl jlrt, ilofrltfry eltl jlrt lne, sf tf dxtrlat tgd

bnhfrjltbfn hrfj tgdsd eltl jlrts lne stfrds eltl fntf tgdj, wd prfaddede tf edsb`n l

eltl wlrdgfusd prftftypd3 tgd snfwhilcd jfedi wls lefptde, olsde fn hlat tloid lne

juitbpid ebjdnsbfns. Ugbs jfedi prdsdntde bn tgd hbùrd odifw.

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Urlnslatbfnobiibn`hlat

UrlnslatbfnEltdcdy(hc)

Udlagdrcdy(hc)

Gfspbtlicdy(hc)

Ilofrltfrycdy(hc)

[glrjlaycdy(hc)

Uftlitrlnslatbfnobiivliud

Afntrboutbfnfhhunefntgdobii

UrlnslatbfnEltdEbjdnsbfn

Urlnslatbfneltdcdy(pc)

Ely

Jfntg

Rdlr

UdlagdrEbjdnsbfn

Udlagdrcdy(pc)

Udlagdrnljd

Udlagdrleerdss

UdlagdrAfiid`d

[ltbdntEbjdnsbfn

[ltbdntcdy(pc)

Udlagdrcdy(hc)

[ltbdntnljd

GfspbtliEbjdnsbfn

Gfspbtlicdy(pc)

Gfspbtlinljd

Efatfrnljd

IlofrltfryEbjdnsbfn

Ilofrltfrycdy(pc)

Udsttypdcdy(hc)

Ilofrltfrynljd

[glrjlayEbjdnsbfn

[glrjlaycdy(pc)

[glrjlaynljd

Nljdjdebabnd

Nujodr

Udsttypd

Udsttypdcdy(pc)

Uypdtdst

Nljdtdst

Hb`urd?.1= eltl wlrdgfusd snfwhilcd sagdjl afnadptuli eltl jfedi.

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?.1.5 Uffis usde tf edvdifp tgd eltl wlrdgfusd=

Qqi sdrvdr ?;;7 prfvbeds tgd hfiifwbn` tffis tf ardltd eltl wlrdgfusd

Lnliysbs sdrvbads (QQLQ)=

Tsde ls l tffi tglt prfvbeds stfrl`d hfr tgd eltl usde bn auods hfr fur eltl

wlrdgfusd.

Bntd`rltbfn sdrvbads(QQBQ)=

Tsde ls l tffi tf dxtrlat, trlnshfrj, lne ifle eltl hfrj futsfurads (ebhhdrdnt

eltlolsds, dxadi sgddts, hilt hbid, dta..) tf fur eltl wlrdgfusd.

_dpfrtbn` sdrvbads (QQ_Q)=

Tsde ls tffi tf vbdw eltl fn tgd eltl wlrdgfusd.

?.5 Ugd wdosbtd edvdifpjdnt=

Lhtdr bntdrvbdw wbtg BU jlnl`dr Er.Byle ]llrfur lne lscde gbj lofut tgd jlbn

bnhfrjltbfn tglt wbii od ebspilyde fr wbii od usde oy tgd sfibelrbty hune jdjodrs,

edabsbfn jlcbn` afjjbttdd bn tgd hune , lne efatfrs fh gfspbtlis . Ugd wdosbtd wls

edvdifpde ls bn tgd hfiifwbn` bntdrhlads hb`urds.

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Hbùrd?.5= tgd wdosbtd If`bn pl`d.

Ugbs pl`d usde ls ln lutgdntbaltbfn pl`d tf prdvdnt lny laadss tf tgd wdosbtd

bnhfrjltbfn, hfr lnyfnd nft gls ln lutgfrbzde laadss tf wdosbtd.

Hbùrd?.4= tgd wdosbtd jlbn pl`d

Ugbs pl`d ebspilyde tgd jlbn bnhfrjltbfn lofut jdjodrs lne tgd jlbn bnhfrjltbfn

lofut tgdbr hljbiy jdjodrs wgf gls rd`bstdrde bn tgd sfibelrbty hune systdj.

Hrfj tgbs pl`d, tgd jdjodrs fr wgf gle l prbvbid`de laadss tf tgd wdosbtd aln od

nlvb`ltde tf tgd pltbdnt's trlnslatbfn pl`ds tglt afntlbns fn tgd edtlbis lofut dlag

pltbdnt's trlnslatbfn.

Hbùrd?.8= tgd jdjodr "" trlnslatbfn fn tgd gfspbtli eltl jlrtUgbs pl`d ebspilys lii trlnslatbfns fh jdjodr " " fn tgd gfspbtli eltl jlrt tglt alnod dxtrlatde hrfj gfspbtli eltl jlrt lne trlnshfrjde tgdj tf tgd eltl wlrdgfusd lne

tgdn ebspilyde tgdj fn tgd wdosbtd.

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Pbnefws lppibaltbfns

Pdo lppibaltbfns (LQ[.NDU).

Pdo sdrvbads

Rfu aln ardltd Pdo sdrvbads lne lppibaltbfns oy usbn` tgd LQ[.Ndt fhhdrde oy Xbsuli

Qtuebf.NDU. Xbsuli Qtuebf.NDU prfvbeds tgd hfiifwbn` prf`rljjbn` ilnùl`ds=

Ilnùl`d Edsarbptbfn

A# A# wls edsb`nde hfr tgd .NDU pilthfrj lne bs tgd hbrst jfedrn

afjpfndntfrbdntde ilnùl`d bn tgd A lne A++ hljbiy. Bt aln od

djodeede bn LQ[.NDU pl`ds. Qfjd fh tgd cdy hdlturds fh tgbs

ilnùl`d bnaiued ailssds, bntdrhlads, edid`ltds, nljdsplads,

prfpdrtbds, bnedxdrs, dvdnts, fpdrltfr fvdriflebn`, vdrsbfnbn`,

lttrboutds, unslhd afed, lne WJI efaujdntltbfn `dndrltbfn. Nf gdledr

fr Bntdrhlad Edhbnbtbfn Ilnùl`d (BEI) hbids lrd nddede.

Xbsuli

A++.NDU

Ugd jlnl`de A++ bs l jbnbjli dxtdnsbfn tf tgd A++ ilnùl`d. Ugbs

dxtdnsbfn prfvbeds laadss tf tgd .NDU Hrljdwfrc tglt bnaiueds

`lrol`d afiidatbfn, sbnìd-bjpidjdntltbfn bngdrbtlnad, lne juitbpid-

bntdrhlad bngdrbtlnad. Ugbs up`rled lisf dibjbnltds tgd ndde tf wrbtd

piujobn` afed hfr afjpfndnts. Bt fhhdrs ifw-idvdi laadss wgdrd

usdhui.

Xbsuli

Olsba.NDU

Xbsuli Olsba.NDU prfvbeds suostlntbli ilnùl`d bnnfvltbfns fvdr

prdvbfus vdrsbfns fh Xbsuli Olsba. Xbsuli Olsba.NDU suppfrts

bngdrbtlnad, afnstruatfrs, pfiyjfrpgbsj, afnstruatfr fvdriflebn`,

struaturde dxadptbfns, strbatdr typd agdacbn`, hrdd tgrdlebn`, lne jlny

ftgdr hdlturds. Ugdrd bs fniy fnd hfrj fh lssb`njdnt6 Nf Idt fr Qdt

jdtgfes.

Ugdrd lrd ndw _lpbe Lppibaltbfn Edvdifpjdnt (_LE) hdlturds suag ls

WJI Edsb`ndr, Qdrvdr Dxpifrdr, lne Pdo Hfrjs edsb`ndr lvlbiloid

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hrfj Xbsuli Qtuebf.NDU tf Xbsuli Olsba. Pbtg tgbs rdidlsd, Xbsuli Olsba

Qarbptbn` Debtbfn prfvbeds huii Xbsuli Olsba hunatbfnlibty

Jbarfsfht

M#.NDU

M#.NDU bs rdwrbttdn tf od huiiy .NDU lwlrd. Bt bnaiueds suppfrt hfr

ailssds, bngdrbtlnad, typds, lne afjpbiltbfn. Bt prfvbeds bjprfvdepdrhfrjlnad lne prfeuatbvbty hdlturds. MQarbpt.NDU bs lisf bntd`rltde

wbtg Xbsuli Qtuebf.NDU. Rfu aln tlcd levlntl`d fh lny .NDU

Hrljdwfrc ailss bn MQarbpt.NDU.

Ugbre-plrty

ilnùl`ds

Qdvdrli tgbre-plrty ilnùl`ds lrd suppfrtbn` tgd .NDU pilthfrj. Ugdsd

ilnùl`ds bnaiued L[I, AFOFI, [lsali, Dbhhdi, Glscdii, JI, Fodrfn,

[dri, [ytgfn, Qagdjd, lne Qjliitlic.

Pbtg sf jlny ilnùl`ds tf agffsd hrfj, yfu jb`gt od wfnedrbn` wgbag ilnùl`d tf

usd hfr edvdifpbn` lppibaltbfns bn Xbsuli Qtuebf.NDU. Rfu aln usd lny ilnùl`d hrfj

tgd subtd fh ilnùl`ds jled lvlbiloid oy Xbsuli Qtuebf.NDU. Bt bs ibcdiy tglt hljbiblrbty

wbtg l prdvbfus vdrsbfn fh tgd ilnùl`d wbii ùbed tgd sdidatbfn fh tgd ilnùl`d. Lplrt

hrfj tgd bnafrpfrltde hdlturd fh tgd prf`rljjbn` ilnùl`ds, Xbsuli Qtuebf .NDU

bnaiueds adrtlbn dnglnade hdlturds fh bts fwn. Qfjd fh tgdsd hdlturds lrd=

Bjpidjdntltbfn fh Pdo Hfrjs

Bjpidjdntltbfn fh Pdo sdrvbads

Bjpidjdntltbfn fh Pbnefws Hfrjs

Bjpidjdntltbfn fh prfmdat-bnedpdnednt fomdat jfedi

Dnglnade edou``bn`

Quppfrt hfr LQ[.NDU prf`rljjbn`

Dnglnade bntd`rltde edvdifpjdnt dnvbrfnjdnt (BED)

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Bjpidjdntltbfn fh Pdo Hfrjs

Xbsuli Qtuebf.NDU prfvbeds Pdo Hfrjs tf dnloid yfu tf ardltd Pdo

lppibaltbfns. Ugd lppibaltbfns ardltde usbn` Pdo Hfrjs aln od bjpidjdntde fn

lny orfwsdr fr jfobid edvbad. Uf dnsurd afjpiblnad larfss edvbads, Pdo

Hfrjs bjpidjdnt afntrfis tglt rdnedr GUJI afjpiblnt tf tgd spdabhba orfwsdr.Pdo Hfrjs lrd bjpidjdntde ls ailssds tglt lrd afjpbide bntf tgd Eynljba Ibnc

Iborlry(EII), tgdrdoy dnsurbn` sdrvdr-sbed afed sdaurbty.

Bjpidjdntltbfn fh Pdo Qdrvbads

Lnftgdr bjpfrtlnt hdlturd fh Xbsuli Qtuebf.NDU bs tgd ardltbfn, edpifyjdnt, lne

edou``bn` fh Pdo sdrvbads. Ugd suppfrt hfr Bntdrndt stlnelres suag ls GUU[

lne WJI liifws usd fh Pdo sdrvbads larfss pilthfrjs.

Bjpidjdntltbfn fh Pbnefws Hfrjs

Xbsuli Qtuebf.NDU suppfrts Pbnefws Hfrjs tglt yfu aln usd tf ardltd Pbnefws

lppibaltbfns hfr tgd .NDU Hrljdwfrc. Pbnefws Hfrjs lrd fomdat-frbdntde lne

afnsbst fh ln dxtdnsboid sdt fh ailssds. Rfu aln bjpidjdnt Pbnefws Hfrjs lne

Pbnefws Hfrjs afntrfis tf ardltd tgd prdsdntltbfn tbdr.

Bjpidjdntltbfn fh [rfmdat-Bnedpdnednt Fomdat Jfedi

Xbsuli Qtuebf.NDU ls l rlpbe lppibaltbfn edvdifpjdnt(_LE) tffi gls vlrbfus

wlys tf rdprdsdnt BED tffis, tgd afjpfndnts fh l sfiutbfn, lne tgd bnhfrjltbfn

dxagln`d wbtg tgd edvdifpdr. Xbsuli Qtuebf.NDU bjpidjdnts l prfmdat-

bnedpdnednt fomdat jfedi tf laadss tgd afjpfndnts lne dvdnts fh tgd XbsuliQtuebf.NDU BED. Ugbs jfedi bnaiueds afjpfndnts tglt rdprdsdnt sfiutbfns,

prfmdats, tffis, afed debtfrs, edou``drs, afed fomdats, efaujdnts, lne dvdnts.

Rfu aln usd tgbs jfedi tgrfu`g jlarfs, lee-bns, wbzlres, lne tgd Xbsuli

Qtuebf.NDU Bntd`rltbfn [rf`rlj(XQB[). XQB[ bs l prf`rlj tglt aln od usde tf

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dxtdne tgd Xbsuli Qtuebf.NDU BED. Ugbs prf`rlj prfvbeds yfu wbtg leebtbfnli

fomdats lne bntdrhlads tf ardltd austfjbzde tffis, hbid typds, lne edsb`ndrs.

Dnglnade Edou``bn`

Xbsuli Qtuebf.NDU prfvbeds ln bntd`rltde edou``dr tglt aln od usde tf edou`

sfiutbfns wrbttdn bn ebhhdrdnt iln`ul`ds. Bn leebtbfn, yfu aln lssfabltd tgd

edou``dr tf l aurrdntiy dxdautbn` prf`rlj. Ugbs liifws yfu tf edou` juitbpid

prf`rljs sbjuitlndfusiy. Rfu aln lisf edou` juitbtgrdlede prf`rljs fr l

prf`rlj dxdautbn` fn l rdjftd afjputdr.

Quppfrt hfr LQ[.NDU [rf`rljjbn`=

Ln bjpfrtlnt hdlturd fh Xbsuli Qtuebf.NDU bs suppfrt hfr LQ[.NDU prf`rljjbn`.

Ugbs tffi bnafrpfrltds tdagnfif`bds, suag ls LQ[.NDU, tglt sbjpibhy tgd edsb`n,

edvdifpjdnt, lne edpifyjdnt fh ousbndss sfiutbfns. Rfu aln ardltd Pdo

lppibaltbfns oy usbn` Xbsuli Qtuebf.NDU. Rfu aln lisf usd tgd Xbsuli

Qtuebf.NDU tffis suag ls Xbsuli edsb`ndr hfr Pdo pl`ds lne afed-lwlrd tdxt

debtfrs hfr wrbtbn` afed.

Dnglnade BED=

Ugd Xbsuli Qtuebf.NDU BED dxtdnes larfss tgd prf`rljjbn` iln`ul`ds

suppfrtde oy Xbsuli Qtuebf.NDU. Rfu aln dvdn ardltd austfjbzde tffis tf

dnglnad tgd alplobibtbds fh Xbsuli Qtuebf oy ardltbn` jlarfs lne usbn` tgd

austfjbzltbfn hdlturds fh tgd BED. Xbsuli Qtuebf nfw lisf liifws yfu tf

sbjuitlndfusiy edou` lne trfuoidsgfft l Pdo lppibaltbfn suag ls ln LQ[ .NDU

pl`d, lifn` wbtg bts afrrdspfnebn` EIIs.

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Jfedi (AFJ) afjpfndnts tf ardltd bntdrlatbvd Pdo pl`ds fr pfwdrhui Pdo-olsde

lppibaltbfns, wgbag lrd dlsy tf edvdifp lne jfebhy.

LQ[.NDU jlcds lppibaltbfn edvdifpjdnt juag dlsbdr tgln bt wls wbtg ailssba LQ[,

lne gdnad bt gls erljltbaliiy bjprfvde edvdifpdrs' prfeuatbvbty.

LQ[.NDU dnloids edvdifpdr tf prfvbed rbagdr hunatbfnlibty tf gbs Pdo lppibaltbfns oy

wrbtbn` tgd idlst ljfunt fh afed. Ugd odst plrt bs tglt LQ[.NDU dnloids edvdifpdr tf

sdidat lny fh tgd lvlbiloid .NDU prf`rljjbn` iln`ul`ds. Bn leebtbfn tf tgd usuli Pdo

lppibaltbfns, LQ[.NDU liifws edvdifpdr tf ardltd ftgdr typds, wgbag dnloids gbj tf

dxtdne gbs lppibaltbfns' rdlag tf ndw austfjdrs lne ousbndss plrtndrs.

Hfr dxljpid, WJI Pdo sdrvbads dnloid sglrbn` fh eltl larfss tgd Bntdrndt rd`lreidss

fh tgd fpdrltbn` systdj lne tgd prf`rljjbn` iln`ul`d tgbs adrtlbniy wbedns tgd

rdlag fh edvdifpdr lppibaltbfns. Lisf, LQ[.NDU prfvbeds edvdifpdr wbtg jfobid afntrfis

tglt dnloid gbs lppibaltbfns tf tlr`dt l ilr`d nujodr fh jfobid Pdo edvbads. Edpifybn`

sdrvdr lppibaltbfns gls liwlys oddn l plbn hfr edvdifpdrs. Pbtg LQ[.NDU, gfwdvdr,

edvdifpdrs ef nft ndde tf wfrry fn tgbs hrfnt lt lii, odalusd LQ[.NDU gls erljltbaliiy

sbjpibhbde tgd edpifyjdnt prfadss. Edpifybn` l Pdo lppibaltbfn sbjpiy rdqubrds

edvdifpdr tf afpy bt tf tgd Pdo sdrvdr. Bn leebtbfn tf prfvbebn` l rbag edvdifpdr

dxpdrbdnad, LQ[.NDU prfvbeds l rbag usdr dxpdrbdnad. LQ[.NDU lppibaltbfns ef nft

rdqubrd ln dxpibabt afjpbiltbfn stdp lne, bn turn, dxdautd hlstdr. Leebtbfnliiy, LQ[.NDU

gls rbag alagbn` lne stltd-jlnl`djdnt hdlturds tglt lee tf tgd bjprfvde pdrhfrjlnad

fh LQ[.NDU Pdo lppibaltbfns. Bn leebtbfn tf prfvbebn` gb`g pdrhfrjlnad lne salilobibty,

LQ[.NDU lppibaltbfns lrd gb`giy rdibloid lne sdaurd. Ugd `rdltdr rdiblobibty lne sdaurbty

hdlturds dnloid yfur lppibaltbfn usdrs tf oubie jfrd afnhbednad bn usbn` tgdj.5;

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A#, prfnfunade A sglrp, bs l ndw fomdat-frbdntde ilnùl`d usde oy prf`rljjdrs

wfriewbed tf edvdifp lppibaltbfns tglt run fn tgd .NDU pilthfrj. Gfwdvdr, A# bs nft l

plrt fh tgd .NDU dnvbrfnjdnt. A# bs l plrt fh Jbarfsfht Xbsuli Qtuebf .NDU. Ugd ftgdr

ilnùl`ds bnaiuede bn tgd Xbsuli Qtuebf placl`d lrd Xbsuli A++ lne Xbsuli Olsba.

Edvdifpdr aln usd lii tgdsd ilnùl`ds tf ardltd lppibaltbfns tglt run bn tgd .NDU

dnvbrfnjdnt. A# bs l sb`nbhbalnt stdp bn tgd dvfiutbfn fh prf`rljjbn` ilnùl`ds, lne

A# bs ln bedli sfiutbfn hfr gb`g-idvdi ousbndss lppibaltbfns. Tsbn` A#, prf`rljjdr aln

ardltd l wbed rln`d fh prfmdats tglt aln od usde tf oubie l afjpidtd aibdnt/sdrvdr

lppibaltbfn. A# oubies fn tgd hdlturds fh A, A++, Xbsuli Olsba (XO), lne Mlvl tf prfvbed

l afjpidtd dnvbrfnjdnt hfr edvdifpbn` lppibaltbfns. A# jdr`ds tgd pfwdr fh A, tgd

fomdat-frbdntde hdlturds fh A++, lne tgd `rlpgbali bntdrhlad fh XO. Bn leebtbfn, tgd

prf`rljs bn oftg A# lne Mlvl afjpbid tf l oytd afed.5

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