dangoraižiai
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Dangoraižiai, jų raida SkyscrapersTRANSCRIPT
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Dangoraižiai
Algimantas Časas
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Turinys
1. Istorinė aukštuminių pastatų vystymosi raida ir pagrindiniai technologiniai atradimai lėmę vis aukštesnius statinius.
2. Dangoraižių pagrindiniai techniniai skirtumai nuo paprastų pastatų.
3. Dangoraižių paskirtis bei tarpusavio skirtumai.4. Aukščiausi pastatai Lietuvoje. 5. Dangoraižiniai miestai.6. Dabartinis aukščiausias statinys bei jo ypatybės.7. Hierarchija artimiausiems penkeriem metams.8. Architektūros tendencija. Ateities vizijos,
fantastika.
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Istorinė aukštuminių pastatų vystymosi raida ir
pagrindiniai technologiniai atradimai lėmę vis
aukštesnius statinius.
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San Gimignano
Bologna
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Pergamonas
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Shibam
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Panteonas
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1895 m.
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Dangoraižių pagrindiniai techniniai skirtumai nuo paprastų pastatų.
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Daugiabutis Hong Kong Dangoraižis New York
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Smart House pritaikymas
Tokie aukšti pastatai negali būti kontroliuojami žmonių. Tam reikia kuo daugiau automatikos. Dėl to jau 1970 Japonijoje buvo panaudota SmartHouse technologija.
Automatinė mikroklimato, elektros naudojimo, vandentiekio sistema, bendro klimato kontrolė,
bendras komunikacijos tinklas. Tokia sistema paplito visuose dangoraižiuose dėl jos patogumo ir
efektyvumo.
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Dangoraižių paskirtis
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Nuoma
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Aukščiausi pastatai Lietuvoje
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Lietuvos Dangoraižiai
• http://skyscraperpage.com/diagrams/?countryID=95http://skyscraperpage.com/diagrams/?countryID=95
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Dangoraižiai rekordinikai
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Dabartinis aukščiausias statinys bei jo ypatybės
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Current records•Tallest skyscraper to top of spire: 828 m (previously Taipei 101 – 509.2 m)•Tallest structure ever built: 828 m (previously Warsaw radio mast – 646.38 m)•Tallest extant structure: 828 m (previously KVLY-TV mast – 628.8 m)•Tallest freestanding structure: 828 m (previously CN Tower – 553.3 m)•Building with most floors: 160 (previously Willis Tower – 108)•World's highest elevator installation, situated inside a rod at the very top of the building•World's fastest elevators at speed of 64 km/h or 18 m/s (previously Taipei 101 – 16.83 m/s)•Highest vertical concrete pumping (for a building): 606 m (previously Taipei 101 – 449.2 m)•Highest vertical concrete pumping (for any construction): 606 m (previously Riva del Garda Hydroelectric Power Plant – 532 m)•The first world's tallest structure in history to include residential space•Highest outdoor observation deck in the world (124th floor) at 442 m •World's highest mosque (located on the 158th floor)•World's highest installation of an aluminium and glass façade, at a height of 512 m •World's highest swimming pool (76th floor) (previously Shanghai World Financial Center – 85th floor)
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• The tower's water system supplies an average of 946,000 litres of water daily
• At peak cooling, Burj Khalifa will require about 10,000 tons of cooling, equal to the cooling capacity provided by about 10,000 tons of melting ice
• Dubai's hot, humid climate combined with the building's cooling requirements creates a significant amount of condensation. This water is collected and drained in a separate piping system to a holding tank in the basement car park
• The condensate collection system provides about 15 million gallons of supplement water per year, equal to about 20 Olympic-sized swimming pools
• The tower's peak electrical demand is 36MW, equal to about 360,000 100 Watt bulbs operating simultaneously
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Hierarchija artimiausiems penkeriem metams
http://skyscraperpage.com/diagrams/?searchID=201 arba filmas
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Architektūros tendencija. Ateities vizijos, fantastika
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Šaltiniai:Google.com; skyscraperpage.com; fiveprime.org; wikipedia.org; www.allaboutskyscrapers.com; BBC; NG;
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Ačiū už dėmesį