daily news simplified - dns...2020/02/23 · • the total resource of gold ore is estimated at 494...

Daily News Simplified - DNS 23 02 2020

SL. NO. TOPICS

THE HINDU PAGE NO.

1 GSI denies reports on gold deposits in U.P 09

2 One in three payments for maternity benefit scheme credited to wrong account

11

3 Breaking barriers with Yakshagana 01

4 Tardy progress in farm schemes 15

5 4 banks under PCA being monitored: Das 15

6 Govt eyes public-private fund to give R&D a shot in the arm 09

Dated:23. Feb. 2020 DNS Notes - Revision Title 1. GSI denies reports on gold deposits in U.P. (The Hindu, Page no. 01)

Syllabus Mains: Paper I - Geography

Theme Distribution of Gold Deposits

Highlights Context

• A day after it was reported that around 3,000 tonnes of gold deposits, almost five times India’s current reserve of the yellow metal, were discovered in Uttar Pradesh’s Sonbhadra district, the Geological Survey of India on Saturday denied finding such a vast amount of the resource.

• As per GSI study, the probable conservative figure of gold which can be unearthed is estimated to be around 160 kgs and not 3350 tonnes as mentioned in media reports.

Gold Deposits in India

• The total resource of gold ore is estimated at 494 million tonnes in India. (24 million tonnes in reserve category and 470 million tonnes under resource category).

• Conventionally about 1.5 grams of gold is extracted per tonne of ore. • The total resource in terms of metal (primary gold) is at 630 tonnes in India.

(World Gold Council)

Distribution • Gold usually occurs in auriferous mountainous rocks (in the form of lodes and

veins) and alluvial deposits also called placer gold (sands and gravels of several rivers)

• In terms of ore resource: Bihar (45%), followed by Rajasthan (23%), Karnataka (22%), West Bengal (3%), Andhra Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh (2% each).

• In terms of metal content: Karnataka remains on top followed by Rajasthan.

Issue • Against the annual demand of 843 tonnes, India mines only about 2 tonnes of

gold every year. • This has led to gold being the 2nd largest import item after crude oil. ($32.8

billion in 2018-19) • After the closure of mining in Kolar Gold Field, the only producing gold mines in

India are located at Hutti in Karnataka that produce about 2 tonnes of gold annually.

• Jonnagiri in Kurnool district, Andhra Pradesh is set to become India’s 1st privately mined gold mine.

Kolar Gold Field, Hutti Gold Field and Ramgiri Gold Field are the most important gold fields.

Karnataka

Dated:23. Feb. 2020 DNS Notes - Revision

• Karnataka is the largest producer of gold in India. • Gold mines are located in Kolar (Kolar Gold Field), Dharwad, Hassan and Raichur

(Hutti Gold Field) districts. • The Kolar Gold Field has also run out of quality reserves and is on the verge of

closure.

Andhra Pradesh

• Second largest producer of gold in India. • Ramagiri in Anantapur district is the most important gold field in AP. • Alluvial Gold [gold scattered in silt] and Placer deposits [gold bearing rocks] in

small quantity are widely spread in a large number of rivers

Jharkhand

• Sands of the Subarnarekha (gold streak) river have some alluvial gold. • Sonanadi in Singhbhum district and Sonapat valley are major site with alluvial

gold.

Kerala

• The river terraces along the Punna Puzha and the Chabiyar Puzha have some alluvial gold.


Personal Notes

Title 2. One in three payments for maternity benefit scheme credited to wrong account (The Hindu Page No. 02)

Syllabus Mains: Paper III: Indian Economy Theme Government Finances

Highlights The News • The progress report on Poshan Abhiyan released by Niti Aayog has flagged the

failure of Aadhaar-based payments under Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana.

Issues highlighted by the report Faulty Payment System

• About 66% of pregnant and lactating mothers under PMMVY are getting the benefits from Aadhaar-based payment system.

• About 28% of total Aadhaar-based DBT towards Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana was credited to a wrong bank account.

Delay in Payment


• Under PMMMY cash incentive of Rs 5000 is provided to pregnant and lactating mothers in three installments. 1st installment of Rs 1000/ - on early registration of pregnancy at the

Anganwadi Centre 2nd installment of Rs 2000/ - after six months of pregnancy on receiving

at least one ante-natal check-up (ANC) 3rd installment of Rs 2000/ - after child birth is registered and the child

has received the first cycle of BCG, OPV, DPT and Hepatitis - B, or its equivalent/ substitute.

• However according to the report a number of beneficiaries had not received the cash incentive since 2 years.

• This was as a result of red tape at the data entry operator level at taluk-level offices who had not updated the data

Cumbersome application • Besides it is said that the application form required to be filled up for availing the

benefits under the scheme is too long and cumbersome (32 pages).

Background: Maternal Health and Poshan Abhiyaan • India accounts for the world’s largest population of undernourished people and

is home to about 1 in 5 undernourished persons in the world. • Poshan Abhiyaan was launched in March 2018 as an umbrella scheme seeking to

tackle the problem of malnutrition with the following targets Reduce mal-nutrition by 2% every year by reducing stunting, wasting and

under-nutrition by 2% each every year. Reduce incidence of anemia by 3% every year. Mission 25 by 2022: Reduction in Stunting among children up to the age

of six years from 38.4% (NFHS-4) to 25% by 2022. • Besides the Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey that was published by

Ministry of health and family welfare has identified the socio-economic determinants of malnutrition.

• Most important among them are mother’s education and health, access to safe environment etc.

• As a result one of the pillars of Poshan Abhiyan is convergence of multiple programs and schemes including ICDS, PMMVY, Anaemia Mukt Bharat, Swachh Bharat Mission, and National Drinking water Mission

• Thus Niti Aayog is tracking the issues in the implementation of the related schemes.


Personal Notes

Dated:23. Feb. 2020 DNS Notes - Revision Title 3. Breaking barriers with Yakshagana (The Hindu Page No. 02)

Syllabus Mains: Paper I: Art and Culture

Theme Dance Form

Highlights Context There are far fewer women Yakshagana artistes compared to men. At one time, this traditional art form was forbidden for women.However, young Muslim woman overcomes resistance to acquire prowess in the art form. Theatre – an art form Origin

• Bharata wrote Natyashastra and created the plays known as AsuraParajaya and AmritManthan. Natyashastra is one of the greatest texts written in the field of drama and other performing arts.

• For Bharata, drama is a perfect means of communication. He also started the concept of an enclosed area for drama.

• There is mention of a community called’ shailoosh’ which had professional drama companies.

• The practice of singing heroic tales became popular. As a result professional singers called kushilavascame into existence.

In the context of drama, two types developed — • Classic drama, which had intricacies of theme and subtle nuances of dramatic

traits • Folk theatre – was of spontaneous and extempore nature. Instruments like

dhol, kartal, manjira, khanjira were some props used in folk theatre.

Use of drama in tracing history • Kuntleshwar Daityam is a drama that testifies to the fact that Kalidasa

belonged to the Gupta Age.

Various theatre of India

Theatre State Important info

Yakshagaana Karnataka The most popular episodes are from the Mahabharata and Ramayana

Koodiyattam, Mudiyettu, koothu, padayani, Theyyam, Krishnattam,

Kerala Mudiyettu - Kali temples of Kerala.


Ramanattam

Therukoothu Tamil Nadu It means street play

Bhand Pather Jammu&Kashmir

Swang Haryana It is mainly found in Malwa area of Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan. The two important styles of Swang are from Rohtak and Haathras.

Nautanki Uttar Pradesh

Raasleela Uttar Pradesh It is considered as the popular theme in Kuchipudi, Bharatanatyam, Odissi, and Manipuri.

Bhavai Gujarat It is performed only by males –even the female parts. The women are only spectators

Maach Madhya Pradesh It is a sung drama with only occasional use of speech.

Jatra Bengal

Bhaona Assam Cultural glimpses of Assam, Bengal Orissa, Mathura and Brindavan can be seen.

The Sutradhaar, or narrator begins the story, first in Sanskrit and then in either Brajboli or Assamese.


Tamaasha Maharashtra. Unlike other theatre forms, in Tamaasha the female actress is the chief exponent of dance movements in the play. She is known as Murki.

Dashavatar Konkan and Goa Dashavatar performers wear masks of wood and papier mache.

Kariyila Himachal Pradesh.

Oja-Pali Assam

Personal Notes

Dated:23. Feb. 2020 DNS Notes - Revision Title 4. Banks under PCA being monitored: Das (The Hindu Page No. 15)

Syllabus Mains: GS Paper III – Indian Economy

Theme Banking

Highlights Understanding Prompt Corrective Action (PCA) Framework

• The PCA framework has been introduced by the RBI to ensure sound financial health of the Banks and to prevent them from incurring losses.

• Under this framework, the RBI monitors the financial health of the banks in terms of 4 indicators and in case of breach of these indicators, the RBI takes corrective action against such banks by putting certain restrictions on them.

• The Indicators used by the RBI to monitor the financial health of the banks are CRAR, Net NPA, Return on assets (ROA), Tier 1 Leverage ratio

Capital to Risk weighted Asset Ratio (CRAR): The CRAR is the ratio of the Bank’s capital to the risk weighted assets of the Banks. It is defined as (Tier -1 Capital (Equity) + Tier-2 Capital (Debt)/ Risk Weighted Assets (RWAs)).

• The CRAR is based on the concept that the banks should have sufficient amount of capital in order to withstand the risk associated with the loans given by them.

• The Banks are required to assign risk weightage to the different categories of loans. For example, loans given to Government in form of G-Secs may have lower risk, while the loans given to Agriculture sector may have higher risk.

• Under the BASEL-III norms, the RBI has stipulated that the banks are required to maintain CRAR of 9%.

Net Non-performing Assets (NNPA): The Net NPA is defined as Gross NPA- Provisioning Amount. Threshold: Net NPA >= 6%. Return on assets (ROA): It is defined as percentage of profit (after deducting Tax) to the total assets. Threshold: Negative ROA for two consecutive years Tier 1 Leverage ratio It is defined as the ratio of Tier-I capital to total assets. Threshold: Tier 1 Leverage ratio<=4.0%. When these parameters reach the set trigger points for a bank mentioned by the RBI, the RBI initiates certain structured and discretionary actions for the bank. Under PCA, the RBI can place certain restrictions based on these parameters. The restrictions may include the following:

• Halting branch expansion • Stopping dividend payment • Cap a bank’s lending limit to one entity or sector. • Undertake special audit, restructuring operations and activation of recovery


plan. • Banks’ promoters can be asked to bring in new management. • The RBI can also supersede the bank’s board.

Personal Notes

Dated:23. Feb. 2020 DNS Notes - Revision Title 5. Tardy progress in farm schemes (The Hindu Page No. 15)

Syllabus Mains: GS Paper III: Indian Economy Theme Finance Commission Highlights Background

· To enable universal access to Concessional Institutional credit, Government of India has initiated a drive in Mission Mode for saturating all PM-KISAN beneficiaries with Kisan Credit Card (KCC). This drive has started from 10th February, 2020 and will be carried out for a period of 15 days.

· However, there has not been much progress in this regard. Accordingly, the

· Finance Ministry has expressed displeasure over the tardy progress made by banks, and asked them to double their efforts

About PM-KISAN Scheme

· The genesis of the PM-KISAN Yojana dates back to the interim Budget for the year

· 2019-2020.The key element of PM-KISAN is income support of Rs. 6000/- to all the farmers.

About KISAN Credit Card Scheme

· The Kisan Credit Card (KCC) scheme was introduced in 1998 for issue of Kisan Credit Cards to farmers so that farmers may use them to readily purchase agriculture inputs such as seeds, fertilizers, pesticides etc. and draw cash for their production needs. The scheme was further extended for the investment credit requirement of farmers viz. allied and non-farm activities in the year 2004.

· The Kisan Credit Card Scheme is to be implemented by Commercial Banks, RRBs, Small Finance Banks and Cooperatives.

· The farmers eligible under the KCC scheme include small farmers, marginal farmers, share croppers, oral lessee and tenant farmers. The Self Help Groups (SHGs) or Joint Liability Groups (JLGs) are also eligible for availing benefits under the scheme.


Title 6. Govt eyes public-private fund to give R&D a shot in the arm (The Hindu Pg 09)

Syllabus Mains Paper III: Economy

Theme R&D Ecosystem

Highlights Context

• In a boost to R&D ecosystem in India, government has proposed to set up fund worth Rs.40 Cr. Under this, when the private sector come together and pool in investment in R&D, government of India shall make matching contributions


Personal

Notes

daily news simplified - dns...2020/02/23 · • the total resource of gold ore is estimated at 494...

Documents