daily life in the middle ages (1000-1600)
DESCRIPTION
Rural Areas Nobility Peasants/Serfs Towns/Cities Size Industry Population Drops Why? Food Pestilence. Key Terms Feudalism Vassal/Knight Fief Guild System Black Death. Daily Life in the Middle Ages (1000-1600). Traits of Feudalism (Social/Economic System of Middle Ages). - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Daily Life in the Middle Ages(1000-1600)
I. Rural AreasA. NobilityB. Peasants/Serfs
II. Towns/CitiesA. SizeB. Industry
III. Population DropsA. Why?
1. Food2. Pestilence
Key Terms• Feudalism• Vassal/Knight• Fief• Guild System• Black Death
Traits of Feudalism(Social/Economic System of Middle Ages)
• There was an absence of central authority & “Warlords” dominated.
• People sought protection & unique relationship developed between landowners & commoners.
• Common in much of Europe—but NOT in Pyrenees (French/Spanish border).
Medieval Hierarchy
• Monk (clergy)• Knight (noble)• Peasant
Nobles
(up to 5%)
Clergy
(5-10%)
Peasants
(85-90%)
Nobility(They did NOT work the land)
• Two “Types:”• Lords-usually wealthy landowners• Knights-the Warriors pledged to provide
military service to a lord.
Fief-Land (and serfs to work it) given to knights in return for military service.
• Most were illiterate.
Food For Nobles
• Dominated by bread/porridge & meat (fish, chickens, pigs & wild game; rarely beef), dairy; beer was common.
• Expensive imports: Middle Eastern exotic spices (sugar), wine from France.
Peasants/Serfs
• Made up 85-90% of the population.• They were tied to the land worked the land for
the Lords & knights (50-500 on an estate).• In return they received:
– Protection– A portion of the crops they raised (75-90%)
• Contracts…
Life On Medieval Manor(Nobles Hunt While Peasants Work; Castles vs.
Huts)
Daily Life in Middle Ages(fast forward 18 seconds)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pypbyC548dw
Food & Life For Peasants/Serfs
• Diet was VERY monotonous: black bread/porridge & beer were the staples; eggs & dairy (some fish, but not much meat)Famine = threat
• Homes: one room, wooden sides, thatched roofs & one (large) bed
• Daily routine was dominated by seasons & Christian celebrations
Life For Peasants/Serfs
• Women were subject to their husband’s authority
Children
• 30-50% of children died before reaching age 5
• Marriage Age:– Boys = 14– Girls = 12
Dance of Death
Preparing For Winter
Baking bread & slaughtering pigs…
Entertainment (A Harvest Festival Sponsored by Lord of
Manor)
Entertainment
Taverns
Cockfighting
Entertainment(Marriage Ceremony)
• Up to 1300s couples often waited for a pregnancy to hold a church service
• Between 12th & 14th centuries “modern” church services were developed
• Marriages were arranged
Towns & Cities
(Only 5% of population) • London: 10,000 (in 1200s)• Paris: 210,000 (in 1328)• Italy (in 1200s)
– Florence: 100,000– Milan: 90,000-100,000
Guild System(Origins of modern industry)
• Guilds: A training/education system to ensure quality in the products produced.
– Master: Shop-owner (if they had enough money & connections).
– Journeymen: wage plus room & board.
– Apprentice: worked for room & board with hope of advancement (seven years).
– Unskilled Laborer: received room & board with little or no hope of advancement
Master
Journeymen
Apprentice
Unskilled Laborers
Guild Workers Dyeing Cloth
Population Drops
• It is estimated that between 1300-1450 Europe lost 50-65% of its population.
• Why?
1. Famine: between 1000-1300 population doubled, but food production didn’t.
2. Disease (Pestilence): Beginning in 1350 the “Black Death” spread & killed many.
A Physician In A Plague-Protecting Suit
Despair All Over Society
Daily Life in the Middle Ages(1000-1600)
I. Rural AreasA. NobilityB. Peasants/Serfs
II. Towns/CitiesA. SizeB. Industry
III. Population DropsA. Why?
1. Food2. Pestilence
Key Terms• Feudalism• Vassal/Knight• Fief• Guild System• Black Death