iii

DAFTAR ISI

Halaman

HALAMAN JUDUL........................................................................................ i

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ............................................................................ ii

DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................... iii

DAFTAR TABEL ........................................................................................... v

DAFTAR GAMBAR ...................................................................................... vi

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .................................................................................. vii

PERNYATAAN .............................................................................................. viii

KATA PENGANTAR .................................................................................... ix

ABSTRAK ...................................................................................................... xi

ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... xii

BAB I PENDAHULUAN

A. Latar Belakang .......................................................................... 1B. Perumusan Masalah ................................................................... 3C. Tujuan Penelitian ....................................................................... 3D. Manfaat Penelitian ..................................................................... 4E. Keaslian Penelitian ..................................................................... 4

BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA

A. Telaah Pustaka .......................................................................... 6B. Kerangka Teori ......................................................................... 24C. Kerangka Konsep ...................................................................... 26D. Hipotesis Penelitian ................................................................... 26

BAB III METODE PENELITIAN

A. Jenis dan Rancangan Penelitian ................................................ 27B. Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian ................................................ 27C. Subyek Penelitian ...................................................................... 27D. Identifikasi Variabel Penelitian ................................................. 29E. Definisi Operasional................................................................... 30F. Instrumen dan Cara Pengumpulan Data .................................... 31G. Analisis Data ............................................................................. 34H. Etika Penelitian ......................................................................... 35I. Jalannya Penelitian ................................................................... 35

iv

BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN

A. Hasil Penelitian1. Gambaran Umum Lokasi Penelitian ................................... 362. Lokasi Pengambilan Sampel ............................................... 393. Kualitas Air Baku PDAM Kabupaten Wonogiri ................ 404. Kualitas Air Olahan PDAM Kabupaten Wonogiri ............. 435. Kualitas Air Sambungan Rumah Pelanggan PDAM

Kabupaten Wonogiri ........................................................... 47

6. Analisis Perbedaan Kualitas Air pada Air Baku, Air Olahandan Air Sambungan Rumah PDAM Kab. Wonogiri ........... 49

7. Hubungan Variabel Jarak dan Sisa Klor Pada Kualitas AirSambungan Rumah Pelanggan PDAM Wonogiri ............... 56

B. Pembahasan1. Kualitas Air Baku PDAM Kabupaten Wonogiri ............... 582. Kualitas Air Olahan PDAM Kabupaten Wonogiri ............ 623. Kualitas Air Sambungan Rumah Pelanggan PDAM

Kabupaten Wonogiri ......................................................... 66

4. Analisis Perbedaan Kualitas Air pada Air Baku, Air Olahandan Air Sambungan Rumah PDAM Kab. Wonogiri .......... 70

5. Hubungan Variabel Jarak dan Sisa Klor Pada Kualitas AirSambungan Rumah Pelanggan PDAM Wonogiri .............. 76

BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN

A. Kesimpulan .............................................................................. 82B. Saran ........................................................................................ 83

DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................... 84

LAMPIRAN ................................................................................................... 88

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DAFTAR TABEL

Halaman

Tabel 1.1 Hasil Penelitian tentang Kualitas Air ........................................... 4

Tabel 2.1 Cakupan Layanan dan Sumber Air Baku PDAM Wonogiri ......... 6

Tabel 3.1 Jumlah Sampel pada Jaringan Distribusi PDAM ......................... 26

Tabel 3.2 Definisi Operasional Variabel Penelitian ..................................... 28

Tabel 3.3 Konversi Rata-Rata Persentase ke Tingkat Risiko Pencemaran .. 29

Tabel 4.1 Distribusi Frekuensi Sumber Air Baku PDAM ............................ 38

Tabel 4.2 Hasil Kualitas Air Baku pada Sumber Air PDAM ...................... 38

Tabel 4.3 Distribusi Frekuensi Kualitas Air Baku PDAM ........................... 39

Tabel 4.4 Hasil Kualitas Air Hasil Olahan dan Sistem Pengolahan

PDAM Kabupaten Wonogiri ........................................................ 42

Tabel 4.5 Distribusi Frekuensi Kualitas Air Olahan PDAM ....................... 42

Tabel 4.6 Distribusi Frekuensi Kualitas Air Sambungan Rumah ................ 45

Tabel 4.7 Hasil Uji Normalitas Data Penelitian Identifikasi Faktor-Faktor

yang Berhubungan pada PDAM Kab Wonogiri .......................... 48

Tabel 4.8 Hasil Uji Mann-Whitney Coliform Air Olahan dengan Air

Sambungan Rumah Pelanggan PDAM ........................................ 50

Tabel 4.9 Hasil Uji Mann Whitney Kadar Besi (Fe) Air Olahan dengan Air

Sambungan Rumah Pelanggan PDAM ........................................ 51

Tabel 4.10 Analisis Korelasi Variabel Jarak dan Sisa Klor pada Kualitas Air

Sambungan Rumah Pelanggan PDAM ......................................... 54

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DAFTAR GAMBAR

Halaman

Gambar 2.1 Sistem Pengolahan Air Bersih ................................................. 8

Gambar 2.2 Kerangka Teori ....................................................................... 23

Gambar 2.3 Kerangka Konsep ..................................................................... 24

Gambar 4.1 Peta Pengambilan Sampel Air PDAM Kab Wonogiri ............ 37

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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Halaman

Lampiran 1 Surat Etichal Clearance dan Rekomendasi Penelitian............. 87

Lampiran 2 Lembar Penjelasan kepada Subjek .......................................... 91

Lampiran 3 Lembar Inform Consent ........................................................... 93

Lampiran 4 Kuesioner Peneltian ................................................................ 94

Lampiran 5 Form Inspeksi Sanitasi ............................................................ 97

Lampiran 6 Hasil Laboratorium Penelitian Kualias Air ............................ 103

Lampiran 7 Data Hasil Penelitian Kualitas Air di PDAM .......................... 107

Lampiran 8 Persyaratan Kualitas Air Minum berdasarkan Permenkes RI

Nomor 492/Menkes/Per/IV/2010 ............................................ 110

Lampiran 9 Foto Penelitian di PDAM Wonogiri ........................................ 114

Lampiran 8 Output Statistik Penelitian ....................................................... 116