cyberculture lecture2.key
TRANSCRIPT
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My University.com, My Government.comIs the Internet Really a Blessing for Democracy?
Cass R. Sunstein, Felix Frankfurter Professor of Law, Harvard Law School
18th Annual University of Michigan Senate�s Davis, Markert, Nickerson Lecture on Academic and Intellectual Freedom
Thursday, December 4, 2008, 4:00 p.m.Honigman Auditorium, 100 Hutchins Hall, UM Law School.
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SI 182 (Winter 09)(Pre-req for Informatics concentration)
"Building Applications for Information Environments"Prof. Paul Resnick
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Final review session
Session 1Friday, 6 - 8.30pm260, Dennison
Session IIMonday, 6 - 8.30pm260, Dennison
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• What is ‘Cyberculture’?
• Some definitions
• Why ‘Cyberculture’?
• Impact of ‘Cyberculture’?
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Recap Definitions of ‘Cyberculture’
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Techno-social tethering
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Impact of cyberculture
• Changes in technologies
• Identity (link to last week’s lecture on privacy)
• New forms of sociability
• The Daily Me
• P2P democracy
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Chronology of Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) Tech
Phase 1: Making the virtualUseNet - Bulletin Board Systems (BBS) - Multi-User Dungeons (MUDs)
Phase 1I: Moving the real into the virtualIM - email - videoconferencing - groupware
Phase III: Integrating the virtual and the realSMS - Ubiquitous mobile computing - location awareness - mobile broadband
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Phase 1: Making the virtualUseNet
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Phase 1: Making the virtualBulletin Board Systems
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Phase 1: Making the virtualMUDs
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Chronology of Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) Tech
Phase 1: Making the virtualUseNet - Bulletin Board Systems (BBS) - Multi-User Dungeons (MUDs)
Phase 1I: Moving the real into the virtualIM - email - videoconferencing - groupware
Phase III: Integrating the virtual and the realSMS - Ubiquitous mobile computing - location awareness - mobile broadband
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Convergence in Phase III?
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• Changing technologies tend to move in particular trajectories over time
• Recurrent themes surfaced by these technologies - virtuality, cybernetics
• These changing technologies greatly impact the ways in which we relate, communicate, and socialize with each other - shapes culture?
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So what are the wider implications of these changing technologies?
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Identity
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The online persona
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“The Internet lets people have relationships they could not have any other way”
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“The illusion of opportunity”?
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“What you lose with text is the dynamic of behavior ... Nonverbal communication is what
counts.”
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“The world would be a better place without you.” - “Josh Evans”
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Lifecasting
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• The use of technology can mask our identities as well as heighten them.
• There are profound implications and possibilities with the ability to manipulate and present one’s identity online.
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“online communities are like the crowd outside the building with the guy on the ledge ... They can
enable suicide or help prevent it.”
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Does the use of technology result in new forms of sociality or does it just replicate our
existing social relations?
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The strength of weak ties- Granovetter, 1973
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Six degrees of seperation- Milgram, 1967
• Gives rise to the small world phenomena - Friend of a friend (FOAF)
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Networked Individualism- Barry Wellman et al, 2001
The “intimate stranger” phenomenon
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“Most youth use online networks to extend the friendships that they navigate in the familiar
contexts of school, religious organizations, sports, and other local activities. ”
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• The structure of online social relations is determined by the properties and dynamics of networks
• Networked sociality can both result in new forms of online relationships or extend existing ones - dependent on technologies used and the context of that use.
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The Daily Me- Nicholas Negroponte, 1995
Emerging technologies and the growing power of consumers to filter what they see
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Personalized information filtering
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Collaborative Filtering
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“... the sheer volume of options, and the power to customize, are sharply diminishing the social role of the
general interest intermediary.”- Sunstein, 2000
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P2P Democracy - Cyberbalkanization?
“The Political Blogosphere and the 2004 U.S. Election: Divided They Blog”
- Adamic & Glance, 2005
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Narrowcasting
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• The power to filter information allows us to cope with the information overload that the Internet brings.
• However, this power has drawbacks as well - creates an information space that is maybe too homogenous.
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Summing up Cyberculture
• Study of cyberculture still an emergent field
• Complex relationship between technology and our use of it.
• Changing cultural landscape as a result of this complex relationship
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Are we able to exist seamlessly between the real and virtual worlds?
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Filippo Minelli's "Contradictions"
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("Flickr", Paint on wall, Phnom Penh-Cambodia. 2007)
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("Myspace", Paint on wall, Phnom Penh-Cambodia. 2007)
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