cursul la mediere examen

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Analele Universit ii Constantin Brncui din Trgu Jiu, Seria tiine Juridice, Nr. 1/2010

Annals of the Constantin Brncui University of Trgu Jiu, Juridical Sciences Series, Issue 1/2010

21

UNELE CONSIDERAII CU PRIVIRE LA

CONTRACTUL DE MEDIERE

Prof. univ. dr. Veronica STOICA

Academia de Poliie Alexandru Ioan Cuza

Rezumat: Interaciunea dintre oameni, este dincea mai diferiti divers, de la armonie la conflict1,

astfel nct atunci cnd ntre ei apar conflicte, datoritfaptului c sunt legai printr-un contract, sistemul juridicle ofer o arie larg de posibiliti de soluionare, de lajustiia statal, la modaliti private, lipsite de formalism.

O astfel de modalitate de soluionare aconflictelor existente ntre dou pri contractante o

reprezinti medierea, care mbrac forma unui contractce consfinete voina prilor de a preveni i stinge

conflictul.

Cuvinte cheie: Contractul de mediere,mediator, pri, lege, obligaie

1.Noiunea i caracterele juridice alecontractului de mediere

Contractul de mediere este contractulprin intermediul cruia prile aflate n conflictconvin cu un mediator soluionarea acestuia pecale amiabil prin intermediul medierii, prindepunerea de ctre mediator a tuturordiligentelor n acest scop, n schimbul plii dectre pri a unui onorariu2.

Contractul de mediere este un contractsinalagmatic, solemn, i cu titlu oneros.

n ceea ce privete caracterul

sinalagmatic, acesta decurge dininterdependena obligaiilor reciproce alemediatorului i ale prilor. Astfel, una din

principalele obligaii ale mediatorului esteaceea de a depune toate diligentele pentru ca

prile s ajung la un acord reciprocconvenabil, ntr-un termen rezonabil [art. 30alin. (1)din Legea nr.192/2006]3. Acesteiobligaii i corespunde dreptul mediatorului [art.26 alin. (1) din Lege], respectiv obligaia

prilor de a plti onorariul [art. 45 lit. f)]. O

SOME CONSIDERATION ON THE

MEDIATION CONTRACT

Prof. PhD Veronica STOICA

Police Academy "Alexandru Ioan Cuza"

Abstract: Interaction between people isthe most different and diverse, from harmony to the

conflict15, so that when conflicts arise between them,

because they are bound by a contract, the legalsystem offers a wide range of possibilities forsettlement, the justice statutes, private ways, without

formality.Such a way of resolving conflicts between

two parties is also a mediation, which takes theform of a contract that confirms the willingness of

parties to prevent and extinguish the conflict.

Key words: mediation contract, mediator, parties,law obligation,

1. Concept and legal character of themediation contract

Contract mediation agreement bywhich the conflicting parties agree to amediator resolve it amicably throughmediation by submitting the average of alldue diligence to this end by the parties on

payment of a fee16.The contract is a contract mediation

sinalagmatic, solemnly, and withconsideration.Regarding sinalagmatic nature, it follows

from the interdependence of mutualobligations of the mediator and the parties.Thus, one of the main duties of theOmbudsman is of the utmost for the partiesto agree on mutually agreed, within areasonable time [art. 30 para. (1) of Lawnr.192/2006]17. These obligationscorresponding right mediator [art. 26 para.(1) of Law], that required the parties to payfees [art. 45 points. f)]. Another importantrequirement of the Ombudsman is to give


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alt obligaie important a mediatorului esteaceea de a da explicaii medianilor cu privire lamediere, potrivit art. 29 alin. (1) din Lege nurma crora prile i manifest voina de a

recurge la aceast procedur. Totodat, priletrebuie s rspund prin angajamentul de acoopera pe tot parcursul medierii4.

Contractul de mediere este un contractcu titlu oneros, fiecare dintre pri urmrindobinerea unui rezultat. n schimbul eforturilorsale depuse n vederea ajungerii prilor la unacord, mediatorul are dreptul la un onorariu ila restituirea cheltuielilor efectuate.

ncheierea contractului nu poate avealoc prin simpla manifestare de voin a prilor,

fiind necesar o formalitate n acest sens.Forma scris a contractului este cerut

pentru nsi formarea valabil a contractului,lucru de altfel care rezult din dispoziiile art.47 alin. 1 din Lege.

O problem interesant, este cea privindcaracterul intuitu personae al contractului, cu

privire la persoana mediatorului. Dei nprocesul de mediere legea ofer mediatorului oimportan deosebit prin sublinierea faptuluic prile i acord ncredere, existi prevederi

care indic faptul c persoana mediatorului nueste esenial. De exemplu, se observ faptul cmedierea nu nceteaz prin decesulmediatorului, iar art. 54 alin. (2) din Lege lass se neleag c el poate fi nlocuit n anumitecazuri, cu acordul prilor.

2.Natura juridic a contractului demediere

Cu privire la natura juridic acontractului de mediere, n doctrin nu existun consens, prerile fiind mprite de laidentificarea contractului de mediere cu cel demandat, cu cel de antrepriz, cu cel de munc

pn la identificarea sa ca fiind un contract desine stttor5.

Pentru a stabili natura juridic acontractului de mediere, l vom analiza nfuncie de anumite contracte numitereglementate la noi, cu care ar fi apropiat.

Astfel, contractul de mediere nu poate

explanations medianilor on mediation,according to art. 29 para. (1) of Law fromwhich the parties show their willingness toresort to this procedure. However, parties

must respond by engaging in cooperationthroughout mediation.Mediation agreement is a contract forconsideration, each party seeking to obtaina result. In return for its efforts made toreach an agreement parties, the mediator isentitled to a fee and reimbursement ofexpenses incurred18.

Conclusion of the contract can nottake place simply show the will of the

parties, as necessary formalities in this

regard.Written form of the contract itself is

required for valid contract formation, whichis also resulting from the provisions of art.47 para. 1 of Law.

An interesting problem is that theintuitu personae character of the contract,the person mediator. Although the law

provides mediator mediation process byemphasizing the great importance that

parties to trust, there are provisions that

indicate that the person is not essentialmediator. For example, it notes thatmediation is not terminated by deathmediator and art. 54 para. (2) of the lawsuggests that he may be replaced in somecases, with agreement of the parties.

2. Legal nature of the contractmediation

The legal nature of the contract ofmediation, in theory there is no consensus,the views are shared by the identification ofthe mediation contract with the mandate,with the contract work, at work byidentifying it as a contract itself right19.

To determine the legal nature of thecontract of mediation, we will consider inlight of certain contracts governed calledus, that would be close.

Thus, the mediation agreement can

not be treated as contract term, since the


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fi asimilat contractului de mandat, ntructmediatorul nu ndeplinete actele i faptele

juridice n numele i pe seama prilor, ci nnume propriu. De asemenea, contractul de

mediere se deosebete de contractul deantrepriz, ntruct obiectul contractului demediere nu este cel de a face acte materiale, cide a utiliza metode i tehnici pentru ca priles ncheie un acord. Fa de contractul demunc, contractul de mediere se deosebete,mai ales, prin faptul c ntre pri i mediator nuse creeaz un raport de subordonare. n fine,contractul de mediere poate fi asemnat cucontractul de prestri servicii, observnd cmediatorul svrete actele n calitate de

profesionist. Cu toate acestea, misiunea sa nueste de a presta un serviciu, ci de a conduce

prile spre un acord. Aspectele prezentate neconduc spre concluzia c acest contract are onatur de sine-stttoare, fiind un contract desine stttor cu o reglementare proprie.

3. Condiiile de fond i de form ale

contractului de mediere

3.1. Clauzele obligatorii ale

contractului de mediere

Contractul de mediere trebuie s sesupun mai nti condiiilor generale de fond iform prevzute de Codul civil (art. 948 i urm.C. civ.). Aa cum reiese din textul art. 45 dinLege, contractul de mediere trebuie s coninn mod obligatoriu urmtoarele clauze:

a) identitatea prilor aflate n conflictsau, dup caz, a reprezentanilor lor;

b) menionarea tipului i obiectuluiconflictului;

c) declaraia prilor ce au fostinformate de ctre mediator cu privire lamediere, efectele i regulile aplicabile;

d) obligaia mediatorului de a pstraconfidenialitatea i decizia prilor privind

pstrarea confidenialitii dup caz;e) angajamentul prilor aflate n

conflict de a respecta regulile aplicabilemedierii;

f) obligaia prilor aflate n conflict de

mediator does not meet the legal acts anddeeds and on behalf of the parties, but on itsown. It also differs from mediation contractworks contract because the contract of

mediation is not to make material acts, butto use methods and techniques for theparties to conclude an agreement.Compared to the employment contract,contract mediation differs mainly in that the

parties and the mediator does not create anemployee. Finally, the mediation agreementmay be likened to service contracts, notingthat the Ombudsman committed acts of

professional quality. However, his missionis to provide a service, but to lead the

parties towards an agreement. The issuespresented lead us to conclude that thiscontract is a kind of self-reliant, being acontract independently with its own rules.

3. Substantive and formal

conditions of contract mediation

3.1. Mandatory mediation clauses

of the contract

Contract mediation must first

undergo general terms of substance andform prescribed by the Civil Code (art. 948et seq. Civ. C.). As outlined in the text ofart. 45 of the law, mediation agreementmust contain the following clause:

a) identity of parties to the conflictor, where appropriate, their representatives;

b) reference object type and conflict;c) declaration that the parties were

informed by the mediator on the mediationeffects and rules;

d) the obligation to maintainconfidentiality and mediator on the Parties'confidentiality as appropriate;

e) the commitment of the conflictingparties to respect the rules applicable tomediation;

f) the obligation of the conflictingparties to pay the due fees and costsincurred by this mediator during mediationin the interests of the parties and for the

advancement and payment of such amounts,


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a achita onorariul cuvenit mediatorului icheltuielile efectuate de acesta pe parcursulmedierii in interesul prilor, precum imodalitile de avansare i de plat a acestor

sume, inclusiv n caz de renunare la medieresau de euare a procedurii, inndu-se cont,dac este cazul, de situaia lor social.

g) nelegerea prilor privind limba ncare urmeaz s se desfoare medierea;

h) numrul de exemplare n care va firedactat acordul n cazul n care acesta va fi nform scris, corespunztor numrului prilorsemnatare ale contractului;

i) obligaia prilor de a semna procesulverbal de ctre mediator, indiferent de modul n

care se va ncheia medierea.Prima dintre acestea este identitatea

prilor aflate n conflict sau a reprezentanilorlor, prevzut la art. 45 lit. a) din Lege. Aadar,se vor meniona numele, prenumele, domiciliul,

precum i orice alte date pe care prile leconsider necesare, ntruct contractul demediere poate fi ncheiat i prin reprezentant, nacest caz vor fi indicate i datele acestuia. Deinu se prevede, se vor meniona i datele deidentificare ale mediatorului, ntruct acesta

este parte n contract6.A doua clauz, menionat la art. 45 lit.

b) din Lege, este cea privind obiectulconflictului. Aa cum am vzut, prile trebuies lmureasc mpreun cu mediatorulaspectele cazului asupra crora urmeaz a sedemara medierea. Starea de fapt a conflictuluitrebuie descris n contract suficient, astfel ncts poat fi identificate aspectele principale aleacestuia.

O alt clauz prevzut la art. 45 lit. d)din Lege, privete declaraia prilor cu privirela ndeplinirea obligaiei mediatorului de a daexplicaii acestora cu privire la principiilemedierii, la efectele acesteia i la regulileaplicabile, aa cum este obligat potrivit art. 29alin.(1) din Lege. Aceast clauz, reprezint ogaranie a faptului c prile au recurs n modliber la mediere, precum i a faptului cmediatorul i-a ndeplinit aceast obligaie fade pri.

ncheierea contractului de mediere se

including mediation in the event ofcancellation or failure of the procedure,taking into account, where appropriate,their social situation.

g) understanding of the parties onlanguage mediation to be conducted;h) the number of copies that will be

drawn if the agreement will be in writtenform, corresponding to the number of

parties to the contract;i) required the parties to sign the

minutes of the mediator, regardless of howthe mediation will end.

The first is the identity of theconflicting parties or their representatives,

under art. 45 points. a) of the Act. So,would list the full name, address, and anyother data deemed necessary parties

because the mediation agreement may beterminated and the representative in thiscase will be set and its data. Although notrequired, will mention the particulars of themediator, since it is part of the contract20.

The second clause referred to in Art.45 points. b) of the Law, is the subject ofconflict. As we have seen, parties with the

mediator to explain aspects of the case onwhich is to begin mediation. The facts ofthe conflict must be sufficiently describedin the contract so that they can be identifiedits main aspects.

Another clause provided for in art.45 points. d) of the Law, the declaration ofthe parties on mediator obligation to givetheir explanations on the principles ofmediation, the effects and the applicablerules as required under art. 29 para. (1) ofthe Act. This clause is a guarantee that

parties freely resorted to mediation and thatthe mediator has met this obligation to the

party.Conclusion of the mediation

agreement will be based on the parties toresort to this procedure. Specifically, thisagreement is essential in the formation ofthe mediation contract. Therefore, the art.45 points. d) the law to set mandatory

registration statement parties, meaning that


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bazeaz pe acordul de voin al prilor de arecurge la aceast procedur. Mai exact, acestacord este esenial n formarea contractului demediere. De aceea, la art. 45 lit. d) din Lege s-a

prevzut obligativitatea nscrierii declaraieiprilor, n sensul c doresc declanareamedierii.

ntruct procedura se bazeaz, pecooperarea dintre pri, alturi de aceastdeclaraie se va meniona i faptul c ele suntdecise s coopereze n acest scop, cu meniuneac aceast cooperare privete att raportuldintre pri, ct i pe cel dintre pri i mediator.

Mediatorul va explica prilorprocedura medierii i va conveni cu acestea, n

mod concret, paii i etapele care vor fi urmain cadrul conflictului dedus de ele medierii. Dealtfel rolul mediatorului este acela de a facilitanegocierea dintre pri i de a contribui lasoluionarea conflictului7. Astfel, alturi demediator, prile vor trebui s respecte la rndullor procedura medierii ns, spre deosebire deobligaia legal a mediatorului care rezult dininterpretarea art. 30 alin. (1) i art. 50 alin. (2)din Lege, obligaia reciproc a prilor va fimenionat n contract, potrivit art. 45 lit. e) din

Lege.Activitatea mediatorului este una

remunerat, motiv pentru care prile vorconveni n cuprinsul contractului - mpreun cumediatorul - onorariul cuvenit acestuia, alturide care se vor stabili i cheltuielile efectuate deel pe parcursul medierii in interesul prilor,

precum i modalitile de avansare i de plat aacestor sume, inclusiv n caz de renunare lamediere sau de euare a procedurii, inndu-secont, dac este cazul, de situaia lor social [art.45 lit. f) din Lege]. Onorariul va fi restituit n

parte, n caz de renunare sau de euare aprocedurii, n condiiile stabilite prin contractulde mediere, i nu proporional cu etapele demediere neparcurse cum era prevzut n vechiultext de lege, nemodificat.

Exist conflicte, de obicei comercialesau de familie, care au un caracter internaional,dat de regul de cetenia persoanelor fizice saunaionalitatea persoanelor juridice. n acest caz,

medierea trebuie s se desfoare ntr-o limb

triggering want mediation.The procedure is based on

cooperation between the parties, togetherwith this declaration will mention the fact

that they are determined to cooperate forthat purpose, except that the cooperation ofthe relationship between parties and

between the parties and the mediator.The mediator will explain the

procedure of mediation and the parties willagree with them, in fact, steps and stages tofollow in the conflict will be deducted foreach mediation21. Besides the role ofmediator is to facilitate negotiation betweenthe parties and to help resolve the conflict.

Thus, with the mediator, the parties willhave to comply themselves mediation

procedure but, unlike legal obligationarising from the interpretation of Articlemediator. 30 para. (1) and Art. 50 para. (2)of law, mutual obligation of the parties will

be referred to in the contract, according toart. 45 points. e) of the Act.

Ombudsman is a gainful activity, forwhich the parties will agree in the contractcontent - together with the mediator - the

fee payable to it, with which it willestablish and expenses incurred by himduring the mediation in the interests of the

parties and for the advancement andpayment those amounts, includingmediation in the event of cancellation orfailure of the procedure, taking account,where appropriate, to their social [art. 45

points. f) of Law]. The fee will be refundedin part, in the event of cancellation orfailure of the procedure as laid down bycontract mediation, and not in proportion tothe stages of mediation neparcurse as theold text was provided by law, unchanged.

There are conflicts, usually a familybusiness or who have an internationalcharacter, since the rule of nationality ofnatural or legal persons nationality. In thiscase, mediation shall be conducted in alanguage convenient to the parties andmediator, so that, according to art. 45

points. g) of the Law, be included in the


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convenabil prilor i mediatorului, astfelnct, potrivit art. 45 lit. g) din Lege, trebuieinclus n contract i nelegerea prilor privindlimba n care urmeaz s se desfoare

medierea.Prin Legea de modificare a Legii nr.192/2006, cu privire la clauzele pe care trebuies le cuprind contractul de mediere, legiuitorula mai introdus dou clauze cu privire la:redactarea acordului de mediere n atteaexemplare cte pri semnatare ale contractuluiexist (dac acordul se va redacta n formscris) i semnarea procesului verbal ntocmitde mediator de ctre prile contractante,neprezentnd relevan modul n care medierea

va avea loc.Aa cum reiese din textul art. 45 din

Lege, lipsa din contractul de mediere a uneiadintre clauzele menionate este sancionat cunulitatea absolut. Alturi de ali autori8,considerm excesiv aceast sanciune, pentruc cel puin unele dintre clauze nu suntnecesare [lit. g) din Lege] n orice contract oriele pot reiei din alte date sau pot fi completateulterior.

n orice caz, nulitatea absolut a

contractului de mediere va fi atrasi n cazullipsei cauzei, ori a caracterului su ilicit sauimoral, lipsa total a consimmntului etc., cualte cuvinte lipsa oricrei condiii generale, defond i eseniale pentru ncheierea oricrui act

juridic este sancionat cu nulitate absolut.Interesante sunt i dispoziiile

asemntoare ntlnite i n alte legislaii.Astfel, art. 1731 alin. (2) din Codul judiciar

belgian prevede c protocolul de mediereconine:

1. numele i domiciliul prilor i alaprtorilor lor;

2. numele, calitatea i adresamediatorului, i dup caz, meniunea cmediatorul este agreat de comisia special;

3. evocarea principiului recurgeriivoluntare la mediere;

4. o prezentare succint a diferendului;5. evocarea principiului

confidenialitii comunicrilor schimbate n

cursul medierii;

contract and common agreement onlanguage mediation to be conducted.

Law amending the Law no.192/2006, on the terms on which the

contract must include mediation, thelegislature has placed on two clauses:drafting mediation agreement in as manycopies as there are parties to the contract(whether the agreement will be prepared inwritten form ) and signed the minutes

prepared by the mediator of the ContractingParties, showing relevance how themediation will take place.

As outlined in the text of art. 45 oflaw, lack of mediation contract clauses

mentioned one is punished by absolutenullity. Along with other authors22 believethat excessive penalty, because at leastsome of the clauses are not necessary [lit.g) of Law] in any contract or they may bedrawn from other data or can be filled later.

However, absolute nullity ofcontract mediation would be drawn andwhere no case or his illegal and immoralcharacter, complete lack of consent, etc.., Iethe absence of any general conditions, the

substantive and essential to complete anyact Legal is sanctioned by absolute nullity.

Interesting are also encounteredsimilar provisions in other legislation.Thus, art. Article 1731. (2) Belgian JudicialCode provides that a mediation protocolincludes:

1. names and addresses of the partiesand their defenders;

2. name, capacity and Ombudsman,and where appropriate, that the mediator isauthorized by the special committee;

3. evoking the principle of voluntaryrecourse to mediation;

4. a snapshot of the dispute;5. evoking the principle of

confidentiality of communicationsexchanged during the mediation;

6. how to determine the mediatorsfees and charges and paymentarrangements;

7. date;


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6. modalitatea de stabilire i taxeleonorariilor mediatorilor, precum i modalitilede plat;

7. data;

8. semntura prilori a mediatorului.

3.2. Alte clauze. Sanciuneanerespectrii condiiilor de fondi form. Altemeniuni.

Alturi de clauzele obligatorii alecontractului de mediere, prile pot prevedea ialte clauze, potrivit art. 46 din Lege9. ns, i ncazul acestor clauze, sunt aplicabile regulilegenerale ale conveniilor civile, a cror

nerespectare poate atrage nulitatea absolut.Alineatul al doilea al acestui articol prezint, cutitlu de exemplu, dou dintre cauzele care ar

putea atrage nulitatea absolut a clauzelor, ianume nclcarea normelor imperative sau aordinii publice [art.46 alin. (2) din Lege].Menionarea acestora nu este ntmpltoare,dorindu-se s se sublinieze nc o dat faptul cmedierea nu poate privi dect conflicte aflate nsfera cadrului legal.

Astfel de clauze, convenite de pri

mpreun cu mediatorul, pot privi aspecteprecum: confidenialitatea medierii, data ilocul desfurrii, durata, modalitile desoluionare a litigiilor nscute din contractul demediere, alte persoane care pot participa lamediere, legea aplicabil nelegerii - n cazulmedierii cu element internaional - etc.

Medierea reprezint, n esen, unproces informal. De aceea, nici conveniile careprevd recurgerea la mediere ntre prile aflaten conflict nu sunt supuse - n principiu -vreunei condiii de form, putnd fi ncheiate ioral10. Cu toate acestea, legiuitorul romn a ales- n vederea garantrii respectrii principiilormedierii - obligativitatea formei scrise a actelorce privesc aceast procedur, inclusiv aconveniilor de mediere; astfel nct nelegereaobinut n urma medierii e un contract ntre

pri n nelesul art. 942 Cod civil, un contractde tranzacie conform art. 1074 Cod civil, lacare se va putea ajunge, evident i fr

intervenia mediatorului.

8. signatures of the parties and themediator.

3.2. Other terms. Sanction non-

compliance to the substantive and form.Other terms.

Along with mandatory provisions ofthe contract of mediation, the parties mayinclude other clauses, according to art. 46of the Act23. However, even if such termsare applicable to the general rules of civilagreements, breach of which may result inan absolute nullity. The second paragraphof this Article shall, by way of example,

two of the reasons that could trigger theabsolute invalidity of clauses, namely

breach of mandatory rules or public policy[Art.46 para. (2) of Law]. Mention of themis not coincidental, wishing it to stress thefact that mediation can not look onlyconflicts Under the legal framework.

Such terms as agreed by the partieswith the mediator may concern issues suchas confidentiality of mediation, time and

place, duration, methods of settling disputes

arising in contract mediation, other personswho may participate in mediation, the lawapplicable to understanding - the Ifmediation international element - etc.

Mediation is essentially an informalprocess. Therefore, any agreements whichrequire the use of mediation between thewarring parties are not subject - in principle- any formal requirements, may beconcluded orally24. However, the Romanianlegislature has chosen - to guarantee the

principles of mediation - the written formrequirement provisions relating to such

proceedings, including mediationagreements, so that the understandinggained from mediation is an agreement

between the parties within the meaning ofart. 942 Civil Code, a settlement agreementunder Art. 1074 Civil Code, in which onecan get, obviously and without themediator.

Written form of mediation is


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Forma scris a contractului de mediereeste prevzutad validitatem, dup cum rezultdin dispoziiile art. 47 din Lege11; pentru nsiformarea valabil a contractului de mediere.

Cerina formei scrise nu presupune ns iforma autentic.Potrivit art. 46 alin. (3) din Lege, n

cazul n care, pe parcursul procedurii demediere, apar cheltuieli neprevzute, efectuaten interesul prilori cu acordul acestora, se vancheia o anex la contractul de mediere. Deitextul face referire doar la posibilitateancheierii unei anexe la contractul de mediere,ne ntrebm dac acest lucru este posibil i ncazul n care, de exemplu, prile convin cu

mediatorul s extind conflictul mediat i cuprivire la alte aspecte.

n condiiile art. 47 alin. (2) din Lege,contractul de mediere poate fi ncheiat personalsau prin reprezentant, printr-o procur caretrebuie s ndeplineasc condiiile prevzute deart. 1532-1559 Cod civil de la mandat. Avndn vedere prevederile alineatului precedent

potrivit creia contractul de mediere sentocmete n forma scris sub sanciuneanulitii absolute, pe cale de simetrie, procura

special pentru ncheierea contractului demediere trebuie s mbrace aceeai form scrisntruct actul pe care urmeaz s-l ncheiemandatarul formeaz un tot unitar cu procura.

Nici procura nu trebuie s fie autentificat.Desigur, aceasta mai poate cuprinde, n afaraclauzei de mputernicire de a ncheia contractulde mediere, i alte clauze, precummputernicirea reprezentantului de a participa lamediere i de a ncheia acte de dispoziie (art.52 din Lege).

Obligaia de plat a onorariului cuvenitmediatorului revine prilor odat ce ea devinescadent. n caz de neexecutare voluntar,aceasta va putea fi adus la ndeplinire pe caleaexecutrii silite, ntruct contractul de mediereconstituie titlu executoriu cu privire la obligaia

prilor de a achita onorariul mediatorului.Acest lucru reiese din art. 48 din Lege, care

prevede c acest contract constituie titluexecutoriu cu privire la obligaia prilor de a

achita onorariul scadent cuvenit mediatorului".

provided ad contract validity, as reflected inthe provisions of art. 47 of the Law25, forvery valid contract mediation training.Written form requirement does not mean,

however, and form.According to art. 46 para. (3) ofLaw, where, during the mediation process,the contingency arise, made in the interestsof the parties and with their agreement, anannex will be completed mediationcontract. Although the text refers only tothe possibility of concluding an annex tothe contract of mediation, one wonders ifthis is possible and where, for example, the

parties agree to extend the conflict

mediated mediator and on other issues.The conditions of art. 47 para. (2) of Law,contract mediation can be done in person or

by representative, by an attorney subject tothe conditions of art. Civil Code of the1532-1559 term. Given the provisions ofthe preceding paragraph that the mediationagreement is made in writing on pain ofabsolute nullity, by symmetry, special

prosecutor for the conclusion of themediation should take the same writing as

the act that is bound to end proxy form awhole to get. No attorney should not beauthenticated. Of course, it may contain, inaddition to the enabling clause to terminatethe contract of mediation, and other terms,such as empowerment representative to

participate in mediation and completedisposal of (Article 52 of Law).Obligation to pay the fee is dueOmbudsman parties once it becomes due. Inthe latter fail to voluntary, it will befulfilled via enforcement, whereasmediation agreement is enforceable on the

parties' obligation to pay the mediator's fee.That is the art. 48 of the Law, which statesthat the contract "shall be enforceable onthe parties' obligation to pay the due fees

payable to the mediator.Also, should the latter fail,

according to art. 374 C. Proc. civ., amendedby Law no. 459/2006 amending and

supplementing the Code of Civil


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De asemenea, n caz de neexecutare,potrivit art. 374 C. proc. civ., modificat prinLegea nr. 459/2006 pentru modificarea icompletarea Codului de procedur civil12,

pentru punerea n executare a nscrisurilor, ncazul nostru a dispoziiilor din contractul demediere referitoare la onorariul scadent, pentrucare legea le recunoate caracterul de titluexecutoriu, nu mai este necesar nvestirea cutitlu executoriu.

3.3. Efectele medierii asupra

prescripiei aciunii civile

Una dintre garaniile accesului voluntar

la mediere al prilor este i suspendarea pedurata procedurii a cursului prescripieidreptului la aciune pentru dreptul care faceobiectul conflictului. ntruct n numeroasecazuri medierea are loc naintea recurgerii

prilor la judecat sau arbitraj, este importantca acestea s aib certitudinea c, n cazuleurii medierii, mai au posibilitatea de arecurge la judecat sau arbitraj.

Dei textul art. 49 din Lege13 se referdoar la suspendarea prescripiei dreptului la

aciune, adic la medierea n materie civil,medierea are un efect suspensiv i n materie

penal unde, termenul de introducere aplngerii prealabile de 2 luni prevzut de art.284 C. proc. pen. se suspend pe duratadesfurrii medierii, dac procedura a nceputn acest termen.

n cazul n care prile recurg lamediere, termenul de prescripie a dreptului laaciune pentru dreptul care face obiectulconflictului se suspend. Suspendarea ncepedin momentul semnrii contractului de medierei dureaz pn la nchiderea procedurii demediere printr-unul din modurile prevzute deart. 56 din Lege, mai exact pn la semnarea

procesului-verbal prevzut de art. 57 din Lege.Putem afirma c, pe durata desfurrii

procedurii prealabile medierii, suspendareacursului prescripiei nu opereaz.

Din dispoziiile art. 15 alin. (1) dinDecretul nr. 167/1958 privitor la prescripia

extinctiv , dup ncetarea suspendrii,

Procedure26 for the execution of documents,in our case the provisions of the contract ofmediation on the fee due for the lawrecognizes the status of Enforcement, no

longer necessary as conferring enforceable.

3.3. The effects of mediation on the

prescription of the civil action

One of the guarantees access tovoluntary mediation of the parties is thesuspension of proceedings during thecourse of action right prescription for theright subject to conflict. Since in manycases, mediation takes place before the use

of parties in court or arbitration, it isimportant that they are satisfied that, iffailure of mediation, more are able to resortto court or arbitration.

Although the text of art. 49 of theLaw27 refers only to suspend the

prescription rights of action, ie civilmediation, mediation has a suspension andcriminal matters where the input period of 2months prior complaint provided by art.284 C. Proc. pen. suspended the course of

mediation, if the procedure began in thisperiod.

If the parties use mediation, thelimitation of the right of action for the rightsubject to the conflict shall be suspended.The suspension begins from the moment ofsigning the contract mediation and lastsuntil the closure of mediation by one of themethods provided by art. 56 of law, namelythe signing of the minutes provided by art.57 of the Act. We can say that the course

prior mediation procedure, suspensionprescription rate does not operate.Of provisions Art. 15 para. (1) of Decreeno. 167/1958 regarding the prescriptionextinct, after termination of suspension,limitation resume its course, consideringthe time and before being suspended.

Limitation on the rights operatingaccessories as the main subject ofmediation, even if they are placed. May be

added that the suspension prescription rate


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prescripia i reia cursul, socotindu-se i timpulcurs nainte de suspendare.

Prescripia opereaz i asupradrepturilor accesorii dreptului principal care

face obiectul medierii, chiar dac nu suntsupuse procedurii. Mai trebuie adugat faptulc suspendarea cursului prescripiei nuafecteaz drepturile terilor care nu particip laaceasta.

ntruct medierea poate aprea n oricefaz a procesului judiciar, inclusiv n faza deexecutare, este util de menionat faptul c,dispoziia nscris n textul de comentat aicieste aplicabil i n ceea ce privetesuspendarea termenului de a cere executarea

silit, din coroborarea art. 49 din Lege cu art.4051alin. (1) lit. a) C. proc. civ14.

Privind n dreptul comparat, gsimdispoziii similare [art. 1731 alin. (3) i (4) dinCodul judiciar belgian]. Legislaia austriaccuprinde dispoziii suplimentare. Astfel, art. 22alin. (1) din Legea medierii n materie civil dinAustria prevede c nceputul i continuareaunei medieri printr-un mediator autorizatsuspend nceputul i cursul termenului de

prescripie, precum i a altor termene pentru

realizarea drepturilori preteniilor afectate demediere".

Concluzionnd, putem afirma cpunerea n aplicare a Legii medierii constituie omodalitate principal de degrevare ainstanelor, de dosare, care vor putea fisoluionate mult mai repede, ieftin i ntr-unmod avantajos pentru toate prile. Judectorul,n exercitarea rolului activ, e obligat s struien soluionarea amiabil a litigiului,implicndu-se n a da sfaturile adecvate prilor(art. 129 alin. (2) Cod procedur civil) dar ide a le aduce la cunotin prilor informaiidespre modalitatea de organizare i funcionarea instituiei medierii.

Bibliografie

E.A.Botezat, E.M. Dobrescu,M.Tomescu, Dicionar de comunicare,negociere i mediere, Ed. Ch. Beck, Bucureti

F.G.Pancescu, Legea medierii.

does not affect the rights of third parties notinvolved in it.

Since mediation can occur at anystage of the judicial process, including the

execution phase, it is useful to note that thetext entered in the comment here isapplicable and the suspension period torequest enforcement of cross-art. Article 49of Law. Article 405.1. (1). a) C. Proc. civ.28

Looking comparative law, we findsimilar provisions [Art. Article 1731. (3)and (4) of the Belgian Judicial Code].Austrian legislation includes additional

provisions. Thus, art. 22 para. (1) ofmediation in civil law in Austria provides

that "the beginning and continuation ofmediation by a mediator suspended the

beginning and the limitation period andother deadlines to achieve the rights andclaims affected by mediation.

Determined, we assert that theimplementation of the Law of mediation isa main way of relief the courts, the casesthat can be resolved more quickly, cheaplyand in a manner beneficial to all parties.The judge, in exercising an active role, is

bound to continue in the amicablesettlement of disputes, involving itself ingiving appropriate advice Parties (Art. 129

para. (2) Civil Procedure Code) but also tocommunicate them to the partiesinformation about how the organization andfunctioning of the institution of mediation.

Bibliography

E. A. Botezatu, E.M. Dobrescu, M.Tomescu, Multilingual communication,negotiation and mediation, Ch Ed Beck,BucharestFG.Pncescu Law mediation. Commentsand explanations, Ch Ed Beck, Bucharest,2008,I Delcanu, Mediation in civil proceedings,the Review Law no. 10/2006

.Beligrdeanu, Correlations between Law.


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Comentarii i explicaii, Ed. Ch. Beck,Bucureti, 2008,

I.Delcanu, Medierea n procesul civil,n Revista Dreptul nr. 10/2006

.Beligrdeanu, Corelaii ntre Legeanr. 192/2006 privind medierea i organizareaprofesiei de mediator n dreptul muncii, nRevista Dreptul nr. 10/2006;

K.R.Feinberg, Mediation a prefferedmethod of dispute resolution, Pepperdine LawReview, 1989

X.L. de Bellefends, A.Hollande,L'arbitrage et la mediation, PressesUniversitaires de France, Paris, 2003

192/2006 on mediation and the professionas a mediator in employment law, the LawReview no. 10/2006K.R.Feinberg, Mediation - the preffered

method of Dispute Resolution, PepperdineLaw Review, 1989XL of Bellefends, A. Hollande, L'arbitrageet la mediation, Presses Universitaires deFrance, Paris, 2003

1 E.A.Botezat, E.M. Dobrescu, M.Tomescu, Dicionar de comunicare, negociere i mediere, Ed. Ch. Beck,Bucureti, p.38; (prin conflict nelegem ceart, antagonism sau diferend);2 Ase vedea n acest sens, F.G.Pancescu, Legea medierii. Comentarii i explicaii, Ed. Ch. Beck, Bucureti, 2008,I.Delcanu, Medierea n procesul civil, n Revista Dreptul nr. 10/2006, p.82, .Beligrdeanu, Corelaii ntre Legeanr. 192/2006 privind medierea i organizarea profesiei de mediator n dreptul muncii, n Revista Dreptul nr.10/2006;3 Legea nr. 192/2006 privind medierea i organizarea activitii de mediator publicat n Monitorul Oficial nr.441 din 22.05.2006, modificati completat prin Legea nr. 370/2009 publicat n Monitorul Oficial nr. 831 din3.12.2009 (care a avut ca obiect organizarea cadrului normativ din domeniu cu Directiva 2008/52/C.E. aParlamentului European i a Consiliului, n sensul instituirii caracterului executoriu al acordului de mediere ntre

pri, al ndrumrii exprese a justiiabililor spre calea soluionrii amiabile a diferendelor sau antagonismelorcare pot aprea ntre prile contractante) i prin O.U.G. nr. 13/2010 pentru modificarea i completarea unor acte

normative n domeniul justiiei n vederea transpunerii Directivei 2006/123/C.E. a Parlamentului European i aConsiliului din 12 decembrie 2006 privind serviciile n cadrul pieei interne, publicat n Monitorul Oficial nr. 70din 30 ianuarie 2010; n continuare Legea nr. 192/2006 o vom denumi Lege;4 A se vedea Falk/ Koren, Kommentar zum ZivMediat, G. Verlag sterreich, Wien, 2005, p.160 161;5 G.Falk, G.Koren, op.cit., p.151-159;6n acest sens, propunem de lege ferenda i includerea datelor mediatorului la lit. a).7 K.R.Feinberg, Mediation a preffered method of dispute resolution, Pepperdine Law Review, 1989, p.30;8 A se vedea I.Deleanu, Medierea n procesul civil n Revista Dreptul nr. 10/2006, p.82;9(1) n contractul de mediere pot fi prevzute i alte clauze, n condiiile legii.(2) Sub sanciunea nulitii absolute, contractul de mediere nu poate cuprinde clauze care contravin legii sauordinii publice.(3) Dac, pe parcursul procedurii de mediere, apar cheltuieli neprevzute, efectuate n interesul prilor i cu

acordul acestora, se va ncheia o anex la contractul de mediere.10n Frana sau Austria, convenia de mediere nu este supus dect condiiilor generale privind conveniile; X.L.de Bellefends, A.Hollande, L'arbitrage et la mediation, Presses Universitaires de France, Paris, 2003, p.26;11 Contractul de mediere se ncheie n form scris, sub sanciunea nulitii absolute. Acesta se semneaz de ctre

prile aflate n conflict i de mediatori se ntocmete n attea exemplare originale ci semnatari sunt.12 Monitorul Oficial nr. 994 din 13 decembrie 2006;13

Art. 49 - Termenul de prescripie a dreptului la aciune pentru dreptul litigios supus medierii se suspendncepnd cu data semnrii contractului de mediere, pn la nchiderea procedurii de mediere n oricare dintremodurile prevzute de prezenta lege.14Potrivit acestui articol, Cursul prescripiei se suspend...a) n cazurile stabilite de lege pentru suspendareatermenului de prescripie a dreptului material la aciune;...".15 E. A. Botezatu, E.M. Dobrescu, M. Tomescu, Multilingual communication, negotiation and mediation, Ch EdBeck, Bucharest, p.38, (the conflict understand strife, antagonism or dispute);


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16Ase see in this respect FG.Pncescu Law mediation. Comments and explanations, Ch Ed Beck, Bucharest,2008, I Delcanu, Mediation in civil proceedings, the Review Law no. 10/2006, p.82, .Beligrdeanu,Correlations between Law. 192/2006 on mediation and the profession as a mediator in employment law, the LawReview no. 10/2006;17Law no. 192/2006 on mediation and the mediator work organization published in the Official Gazette no. 441of 22.05.2006, as amended by Law no. 370/2009 published in the Official Gazette no. 831 of 3.12.2009 (whichwas directed towards the organization of the regulatory framework in the field with Directive 2008/52/EC of theEuropean Parliament and Council, for the purposes of establishing the enforceability of a mediation agreement

between the parties, the guidance of individuals to express the way to resolving settlement of disputes orantagonisms which arise between the contracting parties) and GEO no. 13/2010 for amending and completingcertain normative acts in justice to transpose Directive 2006/123/EC European Parliament and the Council of 12December 2006 on services in the internal market, published in Official Gazette no. 70 of January 30, 2010, TheLaw. We will call a law 192/2006;18 See Falk / Koren, Kommentar zum ZivMediat, G. Verlag sterreich, Wien, 2005, p.160 - 161;19 G. Falk, G. Koren, op., P.151-159;

20To this end, we propose the inclusion of data ferenda law and mediator in point. a). K.R.Feinberg, Mediation- the preffered method of Dispute Resolution, Pepperdine Law Review, 1989, p. 30; See I. Deleanu, Mediationin civil trial law journal no. 10/2006, p.82;21 The contract of mediation can be provided and other clauses in the law.22 Under the sanction of absolute mediation agreement may include clauses which are contrary to law or public

policy.23 If during the mediation process, the contingency arise, made in the interests of the parties and with theiragreement, an annex will be completed mediation contract.24 In France and Austria, the mediation agreement is not subject than the general conditions of agreements, XLof Bellefends, A. Hollande, L'arbitrage et la mediation, Presses Universitaires de France, Paris, 2003, p.26;25Contract mediation shall be in written form, on pain of absolute nullity. It is signed by the warring parties andthe mediator and shall be in as many originals as many signatories are.26 Official Gazette no. 994 of December 13, 2006;27 Article 49 - The limitation of the right of action for the right case submitted to mediation shall be suspended

from signature of contract mediation, by the end of the mediation process in any manner provided by this law.28 According to this article, "The rate of prescription is suspended ...) in the cases determined by law forsuspending the limitation of the substantive law of action ;...".

cursul la mediere examen

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