Curriculum Planning and Programming

The Scope of Curriculum:

Teaching Methods

by:

Annaliza T. Cempron

Teaching Methods The term Teaching method refers to the

general principles, pedagogy and

management strategies used for classroom

instruction. Your choice of teaching method

depends on what fits you — your educational

philosophy, classroom demographic, subject

area(s) and school mission statement.

Teaching theories primarily fall into two

categories or “approaches” — teacher-

centered and student-centered:

Teacher-Centered

Approach to Learning Teachers are the main authority figure in

this model. Students are viewed as “empty

vessels” whose primary role is to passively

receive information (via lectures and direct

instruction) with an end goal of testing and

assessment. It is the primary role of teachers

to pass knowledge and information onto their

students. In this model, teaching and

assessment are viewed as two separate

entities. Student learning is measured through

objectively scored tests and assessments.

Student-Centered

Approach to Learning While teachers are authority figures in

this model, teachers and students play anequally active role in the learning process. Theteacher’s primary role is to coach andfacilitate student learning and overallcomprehension of material. Student learningis measured through both formal and informalforms of assessment, including groupprojects, student portfolios, and classparticipation. Teaching and assessment areconnected; student learning is continuouslymeasured during teacher instruction.

Three main teaching styles in

educational pedagogy:

1) direct instruction,

2) inquiry-based learning and

3) cooperative learning

• Direct instruction is the general term that refers to the traditional

teaching strategy that relies on explicit teaching throughlectures and teacher-led demonstrations. Direct instructionis the primary teaching strategy under the teacher-centeredapproach, in that teachers and professors are the solesupplier of knowledge and information. Direct instruction iseffective in teaching basic and fundamental skills across allcontent areas.

• Inquiry-based learning

is a teaching method that focuses on student

investigation and hands-on learning. In this method, the

teacher’s primary role is that of a facilitator, providing

guidance and support for students through the learning

process. Inquiry-based learning falls under the student-

centered approach, in that students play an active and

participatory role in their own learning process.

• Cooperative learning

refers to a method of teaching and classroommanagement that emphasizes group work and a strongsense of community. This model fosters students’ academicand social growth and includes teaching techniques suchas “Think-Pair-Share” and reciprocal teaching. Cooperativelearning falls under the student-centered approach becauselearners are placed in responsibility of their learning anddevelopment. This method focuses on the belief thatstudents learn best when working with and learning fromtheir peers.

In order to identify your personal teaching style, it

is important to acknowledge your personal values toward

education and how your students learn. Understanding

your teaching style early on will prove effective for both

you and your students, creating and maintaining a balance

between your teaching preferences and your students’

learning preferences.

Remember :

Whatever method theteacher utilizes toimplement the curriculum,there will be some guidefor the selection and use.

Remember :

Whatever method theteacher utilizes toimplement the curriculum,there will be some guidefor the selection and use.

Here are some of them:

1. Teaching methods are means to achieve the

end. They are used to translate the

objectives into action.

2. There is no single best teaching method. Its

effectiveness will depend on the learning

objectives, the learners and skill of the teacher.

3. Teaching methods should stimulate the

learners’ desire to develop the cognitive,

affective, psychomotor, social and spiritual

domain of the individual.

4. In the choice of the teaching methods,

learning styles of the students should be

considered.

5. Every method should lead to the

development of the learning outcomes in the

three domains: cognitive, affective and

psychomotor.

6. Flexibility should be a consideration in the

use of the teaching methods.

Thank You!!!

&

Good day everyone!