current issues and emerging trends steven p. french, ph.d., faicp professor of city and regional...
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Current Issues and Emerging Trends
Steven P. French, Ph.D., FAICPProfessor of City and Regional Planning and
Director of the Center for Geographic Information SystemsGeorgia Institute of Technology
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Current Issues
Smart Growth
Neotraditional Design
Sustainable Development
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What is Smart Growth?
Mix of Uses
Mix of Housing Types
Connected Street Network
Range of Transportation Options
Increased Density
Protected Open Space
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Smart Growth
Diversity
Design
Density
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Well-Known Examples
Smart Growth
Neotraditional Design
Sustainable Development
State of Maryland
Seaside, Florida
Curitiba, Brazil
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Neotraditional Design
Form of development that draws upon design concepts of the early 20th century (i.e. pre-sprawl development patterns)
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Neotraditional Development
Mixed UsesGrid Street PatternSidewalks
Historic Architectural Style
Neighborhoods
On-Street ParkingAlleys
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Sustainable Development
Form of development that meets the needs of the current generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs needs.
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Sustainable Development
Economy
Equity
Environment
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Benefits of Smart Growth
Reduced Vehicle Travel
Wider Choice of Modes
Reduced Air Pollution
Reduced Infrastructure Costs
Enhanced Sense of Community
Preserved Green Space
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Smart Growth Examples
Post Riverside (Atlanta, GA)
Ridenour (Kennesaw, GA)
Ballston (Arlington, VA)
Kentlands, (Gaithersburg, MD
Glenwood Park (Atlanta, GA)
Vickery (Forsyth County , GA)
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Before
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After
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Kentlands
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Post Riverside
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Ridenour
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Clark’s Grove
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INTE
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River
1 0 1 2 3 4 Miles
Legend
Landuse TypesLight_industrial
Office
Open Space
Res_16units_1ac
Res_10units_1ac
Res_4units_1ac
Retail
Res_1unit_5ac
Lakes
Parkway Extension
South Fulton Parkway
Floodplain
Cochran Mill Park
South Fulton Parkway Corridor
Vicinity Map
NORTH VILLAGE
SOUTH VILLAGE
WEST VILLAGE
Figure 1 - Revised Three Village Scenario
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North Village Plan
South Fulton Parkway
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Results = SG + PVP + E3 – (F+R+N)
(F+R+N) = Financing, Regulatory, Neighborhood
SG = Attention to principles of smart growth
PVP = Personal Value Proposition
E3 = Economy, Environment and Equity
from Smart Growth Partnership, 2001
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Barriers to Smart Growth
Outdated Regulatory Framework
Lenders Who Are Not Familiar With Mixed Use
Neighborhood Opposition
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Outdated Regulatory Framework
New Local Zoning Ordinances/Districts
Model Ordinances (APA Growing Smart)
Regional Monitoring/Oversight
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Timid Lenders
Smart Growth Funders’ Network
Internal Funding (REITs)
A Few Profitable Projects
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Neighborhood Opposition
Regional Benefits
Reduced Air Pollution
Reduced Infrastructure Costs
Preserved Green Space
Local Costs
Increased Congestion
Loss of Green Space
Decreased Housing Value
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Emerging Trends
Aging Population
Decreasing Household Size
Aging Infrastructure
Increasing Travel Per Capita
Increasing Ethnic Diversity
Polarizing Income Distribution
Increasing Suburban Employment
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Zoning
REGULATORY PROCESS THAT CONTROLSTHE LOCATION OF SPECIFIC LAND USES
KEY ISSUES
TYPE OF USE
LOT SIZE AND DENSITY
LOT COVERAGE (FAR)
SETBACKSPARKING REQUIREMENTS
BUILDING HEIGHT
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REGULATORY PROCESS THAT CONTROLS THE CREATION ON NEW LAND PARCELS
KEY ISSUES
LOT LAYOUT AND CONFIGURATION
STREET AND INTERSECTION DESIGN
UTILITY EASEMENTS
UTILITY FINANCE
Subdivision
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Smart Growth Overlay DistrictsMixed Use DistrictsPerformance StandardsTransfer of Development Rights (TDR)Shared Parking OrdinancesUnified Development OrdinanceForm Based Codes
Innovation in Regulations
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Suggested Readings
Calthorpe, Peter. 1993. The Next American Metropolis. New York: Princeton Architectural Press.
Duany, Andres and Elizabeth Plater-Zyberk, 1999. Suburban Nation: The Rise of Sprawl and the Decline of the American Dream. North Point Press.
Hoch, Charles J., Linda C. Dalton and Frank S. So, eds. 2000. Practice of Local Government Planning. Third Edition. Washington, D.C.: ICMA .
Kaiser, Edward J. , David R. Godschalk and F. Stuart Chapin, Jr. 1995. Urban Land Use Planning. Fourth Edition. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.