current electricity 1. history 2. methods for generating current electricity

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CURRENT ELECTRICITY

1. History2. Methods for generatingcurrent electricity

Luigi Galvanis Experiments (1780-6)Discovered bioelectricity in animal cells.from The Day the Universe Changed by J. BurkeLuigi Galvani had been conducting static electricity experiments by rubbing frogs skins. As the story goes, Galvani was slowly skinning a frog at a table where he had been conducting experiments with static electricity by rubbing frog skin. Galvani's assistant touched an exposed sciatic nerve of the frog with a metal scalpel, which picked up a charge. At that moment, they saw sparks and the dead frog's leg kick as if in life. The observation made Galvani the first investigator to appreciate the relationship between electricity and animation or life.2Mary Shelleys Frankenstein concept was a result of Galvanis discovery of bioelectricity.

Defibrillator:An example of Galvanis idea in modern use

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Count Alessandro Volta (1799)from The Day the Universe Changed by J. Burke

A battery with negative and positive terminals and electric current.Count Alessandro Volta was Galvanis peer and disagreed with him. Volta developed the first battery with a steady electric current to show that the electrical forces could exist outside of animals.

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Faradays Induction Machine (1832)from The Day the Universe Changed by J. Burke

Oersted Discovers Electromagnetism (1820)from The Day the Universe Changed by J. BurkeThe First Motors and Electricity Generators are Developed in the early 1800sHans Christian Oersted discovered the relationship between the forces of electricity and magnetism. His ideas were used by Michael Faraday to develop the first functioning motor. 6Motors

Electrical Generators

A generator converts motion energy to electrical energy.A motor converts some form of energy to motion energy.Oersted and Faradays discoveries are used today to build motors and power generators.7Electricity GenerationToday we use vast amounts of electrical energy.According to the First Law of Thermodynamics, energy can be converted from one form to another, but cannot be created or destroyed.How is the First Law of Thermodynamics used to generate electricity?

Current Electricity Generation Hoover DamGenerators and TurbinesIn a turbine, the input energy, like flowing water, pushes blades. The blades turn a shaft connected to a generator. The generator converts the kinetic energy into electrical energy.

Energy SourcesMoving water, wind, sunshine energy, nuclear energy and heat energy from burning fossil fuels like oil, coal and gas are all energy sources for generating electrical energy.These are divided into renewable and non-renewable energy sources.Huron Wind Farm

PhotovoltaicCells

RENEWABLE can be replaced within a human lifetime.Burning Fossil Fuels: coal, oil or natural gasNuclear Power: uranium

NON-RENEWABLE - can only be used once Advantages and DisadvantagesThere are advantages and disadvantages for all these forms of generating electrical energy. Consider these three factors:1. Economic Factors costs to build, operate, to shut down? Amount of electricity 24 hours a day, 7 days a week?2. Environmental Factors is the environment still healthy and clean?3. Social Issues are there any health care costs or other hazards?What are some advantages and disadvantages?Wind Turbines

Ontario Place

Ontario PlacePickeringWhat are some advantages and disadvantages?Oil and gas from the Alberta Tar SandsOntario PlaceOntario PlacePickering

What are some advantages and disadvantages?Hydroelectricity La Grande, a small part of the James Bay power project in northern Quebec

SustainabilityIn summary we must consider if the electricity generation source is sustainable.

Sustainability means considering the social, economic and environmental effects of producing and using electricity now and in the future. The decisions we make about generating and using electricity have many consequences and we must make good social choices.

Sustainable?