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CulturalGeographyofU.S.andCanada
Chapter6.3
CulturalCharacteris:cs• Freedomofreligion
– MostChris:ans• ProtestantinUS• RomanCatholicinCanada
• Officiallanguages
– U.S.:English– Canada:EnglishandFrench• Bothhavemanyotherlanguagesstemmingfromtheirimmigrantpasts
TheArts• Musicevolvedfromvariousculturesintheregions
• U.S.becameworld’ssourceforentertainment
• Canadaisknownforinnova:vedocumentaries
• Canada:ShakespeareanFes:val• US:Broadway
Lifestyles• Twooftheworld’swealthiestcountries– Highstandardofliving
• HealthcareisadministereddifferentlyintheU.S.andCanada
– Canada:governmentpaysforhealthcare– U.S.:mustprovideowninsurancethroughpurchasingit,throughemploymentorotherorganiza:ons
– ManyU.S.ci:zenscannotaffordhealthcarecosts
Lifestyles• Bothhavepublicandprivateschools• Bothhave12grades• Bothhave97%literacyrates• Sports:U.S.:footballandbaseball
Canada:IceHockey
• U.S.andCanadasetasideparksforconserva:onandrecrea:on
• IndependenceDay:U.S.• CanadaDay:Canada
TheUnitedStatesandCanada
EconomicGeography
NaturalResources• TheUnitedStatesandCanadahavearichsupplyofmineral,energy,andforestresources.• TheU.S.hasabundantsuppliesofcoal,copper,lead,iron,naturalgas,:mber,bauxite,anduranium.• 18%ofthelandintheU.S.isarableland.
Economies • Bothhavefreemarketeconomies
– Peoplehavethefreedomtoown,operateandprofitfromtheirownbusiness
• Industrializedeconomies• PostIndustrializedeconomies:moreemphasisonhigh‐techbusiness
AgricultureS:llExists• Mostfarmersinbothplacesarefamilyownedandoperated
• 2%ofAmericaandand4%ofCanadiansworkinagriculture
• U.S.andCanadaworld’sleadersinbeef,milk,eggs,corn,wheatandca^le
ManufacturingandServiceIndustries
• Manufacturingmakesupabout20%ofboththeU.S.andCanada– Employs20%ofregionalworkforce
• Bothexporttransporta:onequipmentandmachinery
• ServiceIndustriesmakeupabout75%ofbothregion’sworkforce– Servicejobssuchashealthcare,educa:on,government,tourism,entertainment,bankingandrealestate
Post‐IndustrialEconomies• Bothproducehigh‐techcomputerequipmentforuseincomputerscienceandtelecommunica:ons
– California’sSiliconValley• 20oftheworld’slargesthigh‐techcompanies
– Texas• Morethan1000sodwarecompanies
– Researchtriangle:Raleigh,DurhamandChapelHill,NC
• Biotechnology,research– Canada:Ontario,manythrivingtelecommunica:onsandinternetbusinesses
Infrastructure/Transporta:on• TheUnitedStatesandCanadahavehighly
developedinfrastructuresthatinclude:• Automobile:Mostpopularwaytogetaround• U.S.morethan3.9millionmilesofstreets,
roadsandhighways• Canada:smaller,moreconcentrated
popula:on550,000milesofroads– Trans‐CanadianHighway:runsfrom
Victoria,BCtoSt.John’sNewfoundland
Trade:expor:ngandimpor:ng
• U.S.issecondtoEuropeinexportsandprovidesmorethan10%ofallworldexports– Chemicals,agriculturalandmanufacturedgoods,rawmaterials
• Canadaexportsmanyofthesamegoodsaswellasseafoodand:mber
Exports/Imports
• U.S.hasgrowingpopula:onandgrowingindustries=costlyenergypurchases
– TradeDeficits• Canada:lessenergyneedsbecausesmallerpopula:on
– Tradesurplus!
NAFTA• U.S.andCanadaareeachother'slargesttradepartners
• NAFTA–1994:NorthAmericanFreeTradeAgreement
– Removedanytraderestric:ons– Ledtooutsourcing• Cheapergoodsproducedoverseas