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Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico

Group - J

Name Roll No:

Neeraj Khandelwal 65

Girish Mukkawar 88Narendra Negi 98

Jayesh Patel 108

Shailesh Patel 109

Vinodkumar Poojari 116

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Petroleum Oil Spill 

An oil spill is a release of a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon intothe environment due to human activity, and is a form of pollution.

The term oil spill often refers to marine oil spills, where oil isreleased into the ocean or coastal waters.

Oil spills include releases of crude oil from- Oil Tankers- Offshore platforms/pipelines- Drilling rigs and wells

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G ulf of Mexico

It is the 11th largest body of water in the world.

It is an ocean basin largely surrounded by the US states of Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas.

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The disaster ± Oil Spill in G ulf of Mexico

Oil rig : Deepwater HorizonLocation : Gulf of Mexico near Mississippi River DeltaOperated by : Transocean LtdLeased by : BP PLC, CEO Tony HaywardCause : Oil Well head blowout on 20-Apr-10

Deepwater Horizon images before and after the explosion:

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The disaster ± Oil Spill in G ulf of Mexico

On 20-Apr-10, 23:00 EST the Deepwater Horizon oil rig of British

Petroleum (BP), located in the Mississippi Canyon about 52 miles off theLouisiana coast, suffered a catastrophic explosion, 11 crew members werekilled of the total 126 workers aboard the rig at the time of the blast.

On 29-Apr-10 the U.S. government revealed that approximately 5,000barrels of oil per day (210,000 gallons) was being leaked into the ocean.

On 01-May-10, the oil spill cleanup efforts are underway.

On 27-May-10, USGS had revised the estimate of the leak from 5,000barrels a day to 12,000-19,000 barrels a day.

On 20-June-10, the leak was almost 100,000 barrels a day

As of 30-June-10, Deepwater Horizon has spilled 73 million to126 million gallons of oil into sea.

On 15-July-10, BP said the leak had been stopped by capping thegushing oil wellhead.

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 I mages of disaster 

Picture of the oil gushing from the riser pipe on the sea floor, almost

5000 feet down below the Gulf of Mexico.

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 I mpact of Oil Spill 

Impact on Marine Communities

Impact on Environment

Economic & Financial Impact

Political Impact

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Impact on Marine Communities The more pronounced damage will be due to coastal zones being

home to more concentrated and diverse populations of marine,bird and animal life than far out to sea.

It lurks beneath the surface of beaches and the sea bed, severelyaffecting marine organisms that burrow, such as crabs, for literallydecades.

Oil spills can effect the eggs of marine life such as fish and seaturtles. Thus decreasing reproduction.

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 I mpact on Environment 

Oil on the water surface can catch fire and pollute the air.

Oil can react with oxygen in the air to form acids that arecarried by wind and eventually fall back to the ground as acidrain.

Oil washes up on beaches and marshes resulting in lifethreatening habitats for wildlife species.

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E conomic & Financial Impact  As the oil slick spreads throughout the Gulf, fishing grounds areundergoing partial closures as wildlife and fisheries officials test for

contamination.

Public opinion and panic has impacted on the fishing industry and ithas experienced a significant loss of income.

BP spill had entered the Gulf's Loop Current, which could carry it notonly toward Florida's west coast but down to the Florida Keys, andperhaps on to Miami's beaches. Thus threatening Florida's $60 billiontourism business.

BP shareholders have been significantly affected financially, ascompany has suspended dividend payments.

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P olitical Impact 

Public expectations about the President's image-based actions conflicted with the practicalities of understanding andresponding to an unprecedented and intellectually incomprehensibledisaster

This spill has badly affected President Obama's decision to open upnew regions to offshore drilling.

Lawmakers called for an enquiry into safety regulations.

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Environmental Measures

Sea water clean up

Shoreline Defence

Birds & wild life

Set up Spill response fund

Drilling Policy & stricter laws

Response to reduce damages caused due to spill

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Measures to Stop oil flow 

May 7 & 8 The Cofferdam Containment Dome

May 14 The Riser Insertion Tube

May 26 The ³Top Kill´ Heavy Mud Injection

June 3 (LMRP) Cap Containment System.

June 16 Connecting with hoses the BOP to the Q4000 

July 15 New cap installed stopping crude from flowing

into the Gulf of Mexico.

Relief well for permanent closure.

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Environmental Measures

Sea clean up

Controlled burning ± Burn 3,14,000 barrels till date in controlled

condition

Installing containment booms to collect oil water

Removal

Offshore ± 2,15,000 barrels of oil water recovered Oil water separation machines

Dispersants act as detergents, clustering around oil

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US Navy sailors prepare to deploy an oil containment boom.The Naval Sea Systems Command has sent 66,000 feet of 

inflatable oil boom, skimming systems, related supportequipment, and personnel to support cleanup efforts for theoil spill.

Measures to Stop oil flow 

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Environmental Measures

Birds & wild life:

Rescue operation of affected animals and rare species

Surveys bird nesting areas to determine how oil has

impacted the area and how to possibly clean the area with

the least impact on them

Treatment of rescued birds and animals

Rehabilitate rescued birds and animals in suitable atmosphere

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BP announced USD 20 Billion fund for affected people

BP to set up $500 million to the GR I (Gulf Research Institute) to

open research program to study the impact of the Deepwater Horizon

incident

BP gave grants to each of the states of Florida, Alabama, Mississippi

and Louisiana to help their Governors promote tourism around the

shores.

BP has allocated $100 million for payments to offshore oil workers

who will be unemployed for six months due to oil spill

Spill response fund 

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USA department of interiors ordered immediate inspections of all

deep-water operations in the Gulf of Mexico

US government set new norms for awarding future drilling leases

Planning to introduce new energy reform bill

Canadian & US government setting norm to have mandatory relief 

wells for all future drilling

Drilling Policy & Stricter laws

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Recommendations

Strict Govt regulations

Compensations

Penalties

Rehabilitation

Use of Technology

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Y esterday¶s update on t he oil spill 

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THANK YOU !!!!!