csc exam reviewer
TRANSCRIPT
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*l
REX
Il&ll
ORIANDO
OBISPO
YEBRA
JR.
COMFREHHNSIVH
RHVIHIVHR
FOR
G[RttR
$tRU$n
HrRmffiRm0H$
SUB.PROFHSSIONAL
-
PROFH$$IONAL
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COMPREHENSIVE
REVIEWER
FOR
GNNTTR
STRUIGE
Hr[milm0il$
SUB-PROFESSIONAL
.
PROFESSIONAL
.
Published
& Distributed by
REX
Etllrl
Store
856
Nicanor
Reyes, Sr. St.
Tel. Nos.
736-05-67. 735-13-64
1977
C.M.
Recto
Avenue
Tef
. Nos. 735-55-27
.
735-55-34
Manila,
Philippines
www.rexpublishing.com.ph
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7
r
Philippine
Copyright,
2009
by
REX
BOOK
STORE,INC.
and
Orlando
Obispo
Yebra
|r.
RBS
Comprehensive Reviewer
for
Career Service
Examinations
First
Edition
ISBN
978-971
-23-5260-7
Classification:
Reaiewer
(06-RV-00002)
&
fl;
R
REPITINTED:
SEPl El\,1BER 2009
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Department
of the
Interior
and Locai
Covernment
PHILIPPINE
PUBLIC
SAFETY
COLLEGE
Fort
Bonifacio,
Thguig
City
TeL
No.
-
(632)
881,-2722
Fax
-
(632)
88'J.-2721,,
Website
-
http:
I I
vwvw.ppsc.gov.ph
My
sincerest
greetings
and felicitations
to Police
Superintendent
Orlando
Obispo
Yebr4
jr.,
author
of this commendable
Comprehensive
Reviewer
for
Career Service
Examinations.
Your
book
would
certainly
provide great help
to those who long
to
pass
the career
service
examinations
as
well
as
enhance the knowledge
of those
who
failed
in their
previous attempts.
So
too
our students and
personnel
in
the
Philippine
Public
Safety College System would
surely
find
your book
worth
reading
and keeping in their
respective homes
as
their immediate
handy
reference
from
time to time.
As
you help
countless
professionals
become
part of the
future
corps
of civil
servants in
the
country, we
bid you to
join
us
in
our vision
towards
producing
the best
graduates
who can evolve into
a
new breed
of
leaders
and
managers
in
the
public safety sector.
Congratulations
and
Mabuhay
CESO IV
DGen
(DSC)
BFP
(Ret)
l1I
Vice
President for
Administration
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This book
will
not
be
made possible
without
the
support
and
encouragement
of my friends, my
students,
classmates, and
fellow
officers in the Philippine
National
Police.
First in
the list is Ms.
CHEDI SAMANTHA
B. ORIBELLO
to
whom I
would like to extend
my heartfelt
appreciation and gratitude
for helping
me
conceptualize the idea of
writing
this book
and for her
untiring
support and assistance in researching and encoding
important
facts,
as
well
as for helping me in formulating intelligent
questions
needed
for
the
completion of this
project.
My appreciation
and deep
gratitude
also
to
PO3 Bong Napa
and
Daniel
Nadurata for their
technical support
and endlessly
providing
manpower in doing some legwork
needed
to accomplish
this project.
My special thanks also
to all my students
at the
PPSC and PNTI
and
my
classmates at the MLQU College of
Law
for their
support
and
encouragement.
I
would
also
like
to
express
gratitude
to all
PNPA
TAGAPAGPATUPAD
Class 1992 for their
comments and suggestions
that
became part of this endeavor.
To Rex Bookstore, Inc.,
its Chairman
Juanito
F. Fontelera,
Atty.
Emesto
Salao, Mr.
Robbie
Robleza and
Ms. Rose Ann
Y. Fontelera
for
their
accommodation
in
publishing this book.
I
am also thank{ul to the Men and
Women of the
Manila
Police
District
(MPD)
whose names may
have been inadvertently
not
included,
but equally
served
as
my
encouragement to
become
the best
that I
can
ever
be.
oI
yEBZ'92
Manil4
Philippines
November
2008
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Inspired
by
the
positive
acceptance of my
first
book
"Techniques
and
Strategies
in
Taking the
Civil
Service
Examinations"
by
student-
officers
of the
National Police
College
and
other prospective civil
servants,
I decided
to prepare
this
Comprehensive Reviewer
for
Career
Service
Examinations.
This
humble
work is
once again my modest
contribution to prepare
the
examinees
for Professional
and Sub-Professional Examinations
they
will
be
taking.
It
is
designed
to
provide
examinees
with
a
comprehensive
strategies, techniques,
and
tips
on how to approach
particular
type
or area of examination. Likewise,
practice tests for each
type
of examinations
are
separately presented in this
book,
so
that, the
examinee
can
practice more
and be familiar with the type of question
they
will
be
facing
during
the actual examination
day.
Time and
agairy in
order to pass any
kind
of written examinatiory
a
systematic
and
thorough preparation
is
important.
Be optimistic
that having
this Reviewer
in hand,
you
are more
prepared
than
others who
are
just
relying
on luck and
"hunches"
in taking
the
same
examinations.
Any
commenf
suggestiory and recommendation that will enhance
this
Comprehensive
Reviewer for
Career
Service Examinations are
most welcome,
because
errors
can
always happen
in
good
faith.
The
Author
vll
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Message
iii
Acknowledgment........
v
Preface......
vii
Introduction................
1.
Strategies
and
Helpful Tips
when
Taking the Examination.......
5
Practice
Tests
for
Sub-Professional
Examination
.........................
21
Answer
Key............
1,07
Practice
Tests for
Professional
Examination ............
..
111
Answer
K"y............
193
Appendix.
197
ix
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INTRODUCTION
Passing a
particular
examination
is
far
from
a simple
process
of
learning a subject
and answering
the questions
out
from
it
correctly.
If it were that simple
thery a lot more
people
would
do
a lot better
in
examinations. The
main
reason
that most
people
do
not
find
taking
examination
to be a simple process
is because
they
get
very
iittle
practice
at it and they were
too unfamiliar
on
the way
the questions
were presented. Usually
the first
time
anyone
encounters
anything
like
a
real
examination
sifuation
is in the practice
test and
then
the
next time
it is for real
Considered
one of the most
important
aspects
of
examination
technique that is often overlooked
by
prospective
examinees
is that
of examination
psychology.
Medical
findings
showed that
our
state
of
mind has great influence
on the
way
we act
and its importance
should
never be disregarded.
Hereunder
are conunon
psychological
problems
encountered
when taking examinations,
see how
they
can
be dealt
with.
Every time we
attempt something
new
in life
there
is something
inside us
asking
'I
wonder what
this
will
be
like?'.
This can
be
experienced
in different ways
and feelings
but there
are
two
extremes,
one
being fear
and the other
being curiosity. Try to
recall
how you felt
the first time you
took
the MRT or
LRT,
used
an elevatoq,
an escalato4,
or flew
in a plane or perhaps
a chopper.
Some
people
have
a terrible
fear of
flying
yet
once
they eventually
manage
their
first
flight
they
wonder what's
all their fuss
was about.
Other
people
can't
wait
to get
on
the plane for
the first time
and are
looking
forward
to
finding out
what
flying is really
like.
The
fear of the
unknown can
present
possible
causes
when you
are about
to
take
an examination.
This
is
especially
when
you
have
never
had the experience
of taking
a
major examination
before and
you
wonder
whai the
actual examination
will look
like
and
how the
questions
are presented
and
you
worried
yourself
out.
This fear is
normally
not eiperienced
by
most people
who already
had
the chance
of
dealing
with
major examinatiorL
where
he can already
imagine
what
goes on
in the process
of the
examination.
This fear
tends
to be true
only
for the
"first
timer"
examinees.
Experiencing
this
fear
is
a
normal
reaction
for
most people
and
this naturally
crops up
at most examinations
so
it
is well
worth
learning
how to deai
with it.
The main
thing
to
remember
is
that
the
human
mind
has a great
ability
for magnifying
worries
out of
proportion,
so
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w _a
mlght
start
out as
a little
idle
curiosity
as
to what
the
questions
will-be
gan
very
easily
turn
into
a
nightmare.
Luckily
the human
mind
is
also
fatrly
predictable.
It
can
virtually
guarantee
that
any
worries
you
have
about
the
questions
will
tend
tJ be
focused
o.,
yb.r.
weak
points
rather
than
your
strong
points.
As a consequence
you will
find
that
your
fear
of
the
examination
is
greatest
for
your
*"uku.
subjects.
If
you
have
worked
hard
for
the
examination
then
you
should
be
able.to
make
a
good
attempt
answering
even
the
killei
question.
Try
tg
grv-e
your
optimum
performance
and
always
re-emGr
that
even
thogsh
you're
finding
the
examination
tough,
u
lot
oth"r
examinees
are
finding
it
even
tougher.
You
will
probably
have
no
objections
when
I
say that
we
need
preparations
in
order
to
pass
the
eligibility
examination
given
by
the
Civil
service Commission
but
what
prepaiations
do we
rJaily
n"Ld
i.,
order
to.get
a
passing
mark?
How
are
you going 1c
review,
what
are
the
subjects
that
you
need
to
review?
or
perhips
*ay
for
the first
time?
To
be effectively
prepared
for
the
examination,
the
first thing
an
aspiring
examinee
should
make
is
a comprehensive
review
or rtirdy
schedule.
-
If
you
don't
have
a
schedule
or plan for
reviewing
or studying,
then
you
will
not
have
any
way
of
all,ocating
your
valu"able
time
anl
acquiring
good
chances
of
passing
the
examination.
A
good, well
thought
out
schedule
can help
a lot.
It is
up to
you
how
you are
going
to develop
a
schedule
that
meets
your needs,
but
the most
imp&tan-t
thirg
is,
you
should
follow
it.
The
best time
to review
or
to study
is when you
are rested,
alerf
and
have
planned
for it.
The
next
thing
to consiher
when
reviewing
and
studying
is
your review
space
and
this
should
be as
quiet anJ
comfortable
as
possible.
Avoid
studying
in
places
like
coffee
shops,
sports
joints,
or lounges.
You
will
never
attain
a
very
good receptive
rnood
because
of the
noise
and
distractions
from
the
surroundingi.
-studying
or
reviewing,
make
a habit
of keeping
a waste
basket
h-andy
and
have
a
consistent
place for
everything,
andlbove
all
keep
it
there.
see
to it
that
everything
you need
in
studying
or reviewing
is
within
reach.
Avoid
wasting-time
looking
for
booki,
notes,
o,
oifr",
information. After
you
have
gathered
the
items you
needed, place
them
where
you
can reach
them
easily.
organizing
and
observing
an
effective
study
habits
will definitely
reward
you
as
you
take
the
examination.
consider
these
suggestions
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and develop it in such a way that you
will
do
it routinely.
Begin
studying no less than
30-90
minutes after
meal;
try to
avoid studying
within
30
minutes before going to
sleep;
prioritize
what to
do in your
study period. Make
a
list
of what you
intend to study, and
stick to
it; if
possible, study no more than
30-40
minutes
at
a
stretch.
Maty
students
retain more
by studying for
short
periods
with
breaks
in
between.
It all
depends
on
wiraL
you
are trying
to study,
but generally,
after
a
period
of study, take
a
break.
Take
study breaks away
from
your
desk or
wherever you
are
studying. Let the break be a time to think
about
other
things,
to reflect
on some thoughts
not necessarily
related
to the subject being
studied.
Perhaps the most effective way
of
learning is through
reading.
Reading is not
just
looking
at the
texts of your books.
It involves
combination
of
skills,
which
must be practiced
in
order
to
become
really
good at them, so
read
every day.
Read
for
fun;
read to
learn. Set
a
time aside each day for reading.
When
you
read,
picture what you
read
in
your
mind.
This is
very
important. It is called
"visualizing."
Good
readers
see
in their
heads
what is printed in the book.
To
be a good
readeq,
you
need
to
see
what
you
are reading. You have
a
wonderful
mind. Use
it. The more you
use
it, the smarter you
will
be,
just
as the
more you
read, the better
reader
you
will
be.
Even fiction books can be
a good
source of
information. Good
readers,
over
time, come to know
a
lot about
a
lot
of
things,
which they
pick up when they are
reading. The more you
read, the
more you
will
learn
and
the more
you
will understand.
It is like
a
snowball
rolling
downhill
-
the farther
it rolls,
the bigger
it gets.
You should never
forget
the
value of
having
a
healthy
body.
Being
physicalty
fit also means a healthy
mind;
we all know
that exercise
should
be
an
integral part
of
our daily life
to keep
fit. Having
the
proper
weight according
to
ourheight
and
age
will
lightenthe required
exercise
program. Going
to the gym
is mostly
misconstrued as
the only
best
means to exercise; this
is not true because
we
can exercise
practically
anywhere and everywhere.
Good
health is the basis for an
active
and good
memory.
A
minl
that
is
troubled
by the problems of
sickness
and
general
weakness
cannot concentrate, cannot
pay
full attention since
its resources
are
diverted mostly towards
the
exercise
of
self
preservation. Your
mind
and the nervous system
also need some
vitamins and
minerals,
and
most especially, adequate
rest
and
relief
so that they can
replenish and
rejuvenate themselves
to work more
efficiently.
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A
disturbed
and
distracted
mind
cannot register
things
properry.
Negative
emotions
such
as feaq,
anxiety,
and anger
can
greatry teduie
the flow
of
incoming
information.
Negative attitudes
likewise
equally
damage
chances
of good
memory.
Having
an
open mind,
a
certain
degree
of humility,
willingness
to learn
and
be corrected,
will
enhance
your ability
to
learn and most especially,
your ability
to
remember.
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L.
Strategics
and
Hclpful
Tips
whcn
Taking
thc
Examination
Here
are
some
tips
that
you
must learn if
you
really want
to acquire
the
confidence
before attempting
to deal with
the
firit
question
in
an
examination.
The
night
before
the
examination
One
of the
most
important
ways
of ensuring
you do
well
in
an
examination
is
to make
sure
you
are relaxed
and refreshed
on
the day
of the
examinatron.
This means
getting
a good night's
sleep
beforehand.
As we
all
know,
a
good
night's
sleep
on
the
night
before an
examination
is not
as
easy to
achieve as
it sounds.
You may
find
that
as
you lie
in
bed drifiing
off to
sleep,
you are
unable to
stop
yourself
from
thinking
about
all
the little
problems
you would
still
like
to
sort out. If
this
happens
thery make
a
note
of what you want
to
do and
set
your alarm
to wake
you up
an hour
earlier
so that
you
can
sort
the problems
out.
Do
not
party
or
sleep late
the night
before
an
examinatioru
a
well
and
properly
rested
brain
will
work
much better
to your
advantage
during
an examination.
Make
sure you
know
the time
and the place
of your
examination
Make
sure you
leave
early enough
to get you
to the
examination
place in
plenty
of
time. There
is
nothing worse
than
getting into
a
panic
before
the examination
has
even started
by
worrying
if
you
will
get there
on time
or not. Although
it may
sound
unintelligent,
make
sure
you
know
where
the
examination
is
to be held.
It
would
be
silly to miss the
first 20
minutes simply
because
you went
to the
wrong
building.
Be
able
to handle
pressure
and uncertainty
well
Stay as
calm as
possible
while you wait
to be allowed
entry
to the
examination
room.
Take
your
mind
elsewhere
by
thinking
of things
nicer
than
the
examination. For
example
think about
the
"winding up"
you
will
be
doing
in
a
few
days after
the
examination.
Breathe
deeply
to relax
yourself. The
calmer
you are when you
go
rn,
the
better
you will
deal
with the
examination.
2.
3.
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4.
The
minute
you feel
yourself
starting
to
get
nervous
or panicky,
take
deep
breaths
and
stop
thinking about
the
examination
until
you
have
calmed
down
again.
You should
learn
how to deal
with
your nerves
and
moments
of
panic.
Once
you are
relaxed
and
in control,
you
will be in a
much
better position
to
cope
with
any
anxieties
the
examination may
give
you.
Do not
do
any last
minute
learning
Do
not
attempt
or do last
minute learning
-
this will
only
jam
your
brain.
Relax
and
concentrate,
do
some
breathing
exercises to
calm
your nerves
and help
make your brain
work
better.
It is
better
to
do meditation
sessions. This
relaxes
the brain
and
will
help in
making
it
work
properly. This
is not
an easy thing
to.achieve,
if
you want "meditation"
to work,
you need
to ask
around
for
someone
to teach
you the proper
way
ol
meditating
or
better
yet
go somewhere
where
they
professionally
teach
meditation
Doing
last
minute
learning
while you
wait
to
go
inside
the
examination
room
will
more likely
put
yourself into
a
panic than
do anything
useful.
If
you feel
that you must
do
something then
just
glance
over
your
notes
to
jumpstart
your
mind.
Attempting
to
review
this late in
the
day means
your
review
program
probably
isn't
complete.
Consequently
you are
trying
to
cram
some learning
into
the last few
minutes.
Forget it. This
is
likely
to
do more
harm
than
good. Try
and make
do with the
work
you have
already
done
and
spend these last
minutes
preparing for
the exam
mentally.
Check your questionnaires
_
While
sitting and
waiting
for
the official
time to
start
working
on the examinatiory
check
if
you
have
the right
questionnaire
with
you.
See
to it
that
you have
been given the
correct
examination
paper
and
do
not take
things
for
granted, things
could happen
and
you
would not
feel
right
if
you
find
yourself in
a
predicamen
wasting
your
time and
having
an
unfavorable result.
Normally,
on
the
front
of
the paper
you
will
be
told
how
many
questions
there
are.
Check that there
really are
that many
questions.
This
not
only
confirms that
your paper has
been
printed
correctly
but also
makes
you aware
of questions which
c.
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6,
lr
i]
h
i
you may
well
have
missed,
for instance
on the
back page where
many
people forget
to
look. You
should always
check for
"othe{'
questions
or items
on the back
page.
Read
all
the instructions
carefully
Many
people
get
so
used
to answering
past
examinations
that
they invariably
assume
that
they know
exactly what
they have to
do and
do not
bother
reading
the instructions.
Just
be aware
that
the
format
of the
examination
may well
have
changed so read
the
instructions
carefully.
If
there is anything
you
are unsure of, either
before
the
examination
starts
or
while
you are
on
it,
ask
a
proctor
to
explain.
Be
aware
of how
much
time you
have
for
the
exam
.
Systematize.
l(now
how much
time you
have
for
each
examination
and
divide
the
time accordingly
or approximately.
Allocate
a
time
per
question.
So
if
the examination is
composed
of a total
of 200 items
and
you are given three
(3)
hours
to
finish
the said
examination
that means
you
have
to allocate around
54
seconds
per question.
Another
strategy might
be grouping
the
questions
into blocks
of, say
10,
and allocate
your time accordingly,
i.e.
L0
questions
in
10
minutes. This
is
because some
questions
will
be
very
quick and
easy to
answer while others
will take
longer
to
answer.
Grouping
the
questions in
this
way
will even
out
the
peaks
and troughs
in
the timing.
But do not
consume
all the
time
allocated
for a
particular
question which
you
feel
you could not
answer within
the
time limit
you allocated, skip it and
just
go back
to it later
if
you still have
time for it.
Do
not let
other people's
confidence
put you
off
Stay away from
the
people who are waiting
to go
into
the
examination,
even from
your friends.
Being
in the
crowds
of people waiting to go into the
examination
is a very
dangerous time. People
who love to get
together
and
discuss
what they
do and
do
not know
and
try
to
get
help
on their last minute
problems
might
only add agitation
on
your
part
and
similarly,
a
discussion about
a
particular topic
with
different
people giving
different opinions will
only confuse you.
The
best
thing
to do is
to stay
away
from
everyone. This
way
you
will
avoid being
made
confused or
more
nervous.
,7
8.
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At
times
their
confidence in
themselves is
a
negative
thought
that can
put
you off
and derail
your own confidence,
so, again
avoid talking
to
friends,
acquaintances
or classmates
just
before
taking
an
examination.
Other
people are
too
arrogant,
probably
because
of
their
own insecurities,
will
brag
or boost about their
confidence in
the forthcoming
examination
and this might
side track your
confidence.
Do
not
permit
this to affect you. Focus
on what you are
supposed
to do in
the examination
so that no
amount of arrogance
from
other
people could
put you
off.
Never
let them
upset
you or worry
you. Under pressure
people
are at
their worst
and while they may
not lie
they may
not
always be
100%
truthful
in what
they tell you.
For instance,
a
friend
may
tell you that
he has finished all
his review and is ready
for
the
examination
but in reality,
he
is
probably
unprepared and
justboosting
his
confidence
by telling you these
things and seeing
your
reaction.
Never believe
such stories
because
they are usually
untrue
and
will
only worry
you.
All that
matters is that
you
are
ready
for
the examination
and that you
will
do well.
9.
Do not
allow
a
defeatist
attitude
Going
to an examination
and declaring
"Que
Sera Sera"
or
"Bahala
Na" is a defeatist
attitude. This
only means that you
are
not prepared
to
take the
examination.
Have
a
positive attitude
-
if you think you're
going
to fail
then
you
probably
will fail.
Going into an examination
with
a
feeling
of
doom
and
gloom can
only make
your
performance
worse. Some
might
say
that
you
almost
want yourself
to
do badly
simply
so
that
you can
say,
"I
told
you I was going to fail".
Snap out of this
attitude.
Have
a
positive
attitude. Hold your head
up high
and
tell
the world
that you are
going
to do well.
Put
across an air of quiet
confidence.
Remember
that
you are not the only
one sitting
in
the
examination
room
and that hundreds
of other people are
experiencing
the
same
emotions
in
the
same
way
as
you
are.
Think
of how
much
better prepared
you are
for
the
examination
than
they
are and
how much
better
you
will do
as
a
consequence.
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v
a
v
d
g
v
e
ht
in
re
II
in
rr
re
f
e
e
K
n
11.
10.
Synchronize
yolurwatch
As
you
enter
the
examination
hall
and find
your seat,
take
a
good look
at your
surroundings.
See
where
the clock is
located
and
check
that
the
time
it is
showing is
the
same with
the time
on
your
watch.
It
is imperative
for
us to
synchronize
our
watches with
the
official
clock in
the
place
of examination.
Being
aware
of
the
proper
time
helps
us in
organizing
our
strategies
in taking
an
examination.
There
is nothing
worse
than
being told
that the
examination
finishes
at 12:30
and
then
being
told to stop
writing
at what
you
think
is 12:25
simply
because
your watch is
5 minutes
behindthe
examination
hall
clock.
Have
spare pens,
pencils,
and
some sweets
Be
well
prepared,
have
extra pencils,
but do not
bring pencil
sharpeners
because
using
this will eat up
precious
time. Another
problem
likely
to
appear
during
examination
is
a rumbling
stomach
that
could
well
put you
off track.
You need
to eat right amount
of
food
before
taking
the examination. Eating
too
less
would
make
you experience
hunger
just
a
couple
of
hours
into
the examination,
and
eating
too much
may
cause
you to be
drowsy
or sleepy which
will
affect
your performance
in taking the
examination.
You may
bring
candies
or sweets
with
you, for you
to munch
on
in
case
you
feel
hungry
and the
sugar
in the candies
will help
boost your
sagging
energies.
Remove
distractions
If at
any
stage in
the examination
there is
a
problem with
your
seating
position
then
tell
the proctor immediately
and request for
assistance.
For instance,
the
sun
may
be in
your eyes
or
you
are
unable
to
see the clock
in which
you may request
to
be
reseated
somewhere
else.
If
your
desk wobbles then
use
some paper to
stabilize
it. Whatever
happens
make sure that
you are completely
happy
withwhere
you are
sitting. After all if
something
is
irritating
you
then
it will
irritate you
even more
in
an
hour
time when
you
are trying
to
concentrate
and
you will be distracted
from the task
in
hand.
12.
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13.
Jot
down
the
things
that
you might forget
(if
allowed)
As
soon
as
you
are allowed
to write,
start
jotting
down
all the
things
from
your review
notes
that you
think
you
might
forget,
for
example
anything
you
have learned
in
the last days
of your
review.
Sometimes
you
might
be
allowed
to write from
the time
you
sit
down but
often
you
will
have
to
wait
until
you
are
told
you
can
start
writing.
Don't
write
unless
you are
sure you are
allowed
to.
Ask
if you
are
unsure.
More
often than
not,
it
is allowed
to have
blank
sheets
of
paper
for
you
to
use
as
scratch
paper.
Before
you do the
exam,
use
this
blank
paper to
jot
down
the things
you need
to do to
serve
as
a
reminder
as
you take
the examination.
Do
not rely
on mental
notes/
just jot
it down
for
you
to be
reminded
later.
Attempt
favorite
section first
Go or
proceed
to
your
"favorite"
subject
or section initially
and
tackle
it. If
you do
this it
will trigger
your thoughts to
function
easily.
Doing
this
strategy
keeps your
confidence at its
peak
throughout
the
examination.
This will also
boost
you to overcome
your
initial
nerves. Once
you're
into
the
examination
and
have
settled
down with
a few
simple questions
under
your belt,
you
will be
in a
much
better
mental state
of mind
to answer the
more
difficult
questions.
Beware
of
speed
breaker questions
There
are
series
of
questions that are
arranged in
a sequence
that
will make
you
in
a
"continuous
answering
mode". Then
the
sequence
of
"easy
questions"
will
be
followed by
a
question
that
will
stun
you for
a
while.
If
you get stuck
or bogged
down at
this,
and it looks
like
the
problem
might take
a
while
to sort out, leave
the
problem
to
your
subconscious mind
to
sort out, while
you go
and
attempt
to
answer
another
question.
You can refurn
to the
'sticking
point' later
if
you still have time.
The
basic technique
for getting
unstuck is
to think of
your
review
and
not
of the
question
you are actually
trying to attempt.
In
effect
you
are
trying
to
get
into
your
memory via
the
back door.
Read
the
question
and
use that to trigger
the relevant
memory
areas.
If
you dry
'up,
use this
technique to
effectively get
you
remembering
all the
work
you have done
on the subject with
the
14.
15.
10
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of
FC
ve
lal
he
eI,
r.rr
ne
DU
ed
ly
)n
*
ne
i/e
)u
re
ff
)t.
)r.
hope
that
you will suddenly
stumble
upon
something relevant to
the
current
problem.
16.
Do not
dwell on the questions
for too long
Do
not dwell
on a question
for
too long, especially
if
you
already know
the answer
to it. Time is limited and you could be
pickingup
points elsewhere rather thanwasting
time on
a
question
that you cannot
do
or
just
only confirming your answer by
reading
it
again
and again.
Doing
so
will
eat
up
a
lot
of precious
time.
During
your
review, see
to it that you practice
reading
questions
at a glance
and immediately
being able to understand
what
the
question is. This is
not an
easy
thi.g to do
so
you need a lot of
practice to
be able to possess
the
ability to
glance at
a
question
and
have
a
complete
understanding of
it
as
well.
'
As mentioned
earlie4, work out
how much time you have
available
for
each question" with allowance for checking your
answers
at the
end. Never
allot
more time for questions
that look
as though they
might take longer. The questions are written such
that a
person who is
capable of answering them
has a sufficient
amount
of time in which
to do so.
If you think
you
will run out
of time on a question
do not overrun
unless you
are
within a few
minutes
of
finishing.
Leave
it
and return
to
it
later
if
you
have
time.
17, Manage
stress mental block
Our thoughts
or mind goes blank especially during
time of
stress. When
this happens do not go into panic.
Just
tell yourself
that
it
is natural.
Close your eyes and think of things
that are
pleasant
to
you
and along
with
this, do
some
breathing
exercises,
this
will help relax your
mind. Go
back to your examination
as
soon as
you
have all
the proper senses
back. Think
of
something
else
-
a
friend,
a
joke,
or anything unrelated to the examination.
It
doesn't matter
what so long
as
you
take your
mind
off
the current
problems. Stay calm and think
of
nice thoughts.
Remaining calm is
the most
important thing
at
this time because the
more
you
panic
the harder it will be for
you to recover.
The
fact that
your
mind
has gone
blank
indicates that
you
are
suffering under
pressure and the
first step towards recovery
is
to
stop worrying about
the examination.
Remind yourself
that you
are well
prepared
and
are going
to do well.
ce
1e
at
is,
rc
io
1e
ry
)u
1e
11
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18.
Guessing
-
Obviously,
there
is no
sure way
to
correctly
guess an
answer
if
you
don't
have
any
idea
about
it in
the
first
place. If
you need
to
do
some
guessing,
do
not
resort
to
random
guesses,
instead
always
try
to
eliminate
at least
one answer
choice before
you
confirm
your
response.
You
may
also
divide
the answers
into
,possibles,
and
'impossibles'
thus
narrowing
down your
choice.
with
the answers
now
visible
you may
be able
to
see
where
you
went
wrong
in
your
initial
attempts.
At the
end
of the
day thouglu
if
you
real$
cannot
work
out
the
correct
answer
the
only solution
is
to pick
one
of the
'possibles'
at random
and
hope
for the
best.
Always
get
to the
end
of the paper
'
If
you
are
abie
to
time
manage
during
an
examination,
it
will
almost
always
allow
you
to get to
the
end
of the
examination
papers.
-
Vgry
often there
will
be
10
easy
questions
at
the
end. If
you
get
bogged
down
in
the
middle
and do
nbt have
enough
time tb
ft;sh
then
you
have
thror,rm
away
easy
points. These
eaiy
questions
are
often
put
at the end
of
the
questionnaire to
test
yo.tr
Lxamination
technique.
People
with
poor
technique
may
not
get this far
and
will
not
get
"sure"
points.
Having
followed
the
techniques
and
strategies
given in
this
Reviewe4,
it
is
a
guarantee
that
you
will have
enough
iime, for
you
to
go
over
your
answer
sheet
and
make
sure
that you
have
ail
the
questions
answered.
Do
not
leave
any
question
unanswered.
Using
the answer
sheet
You
can
save
a
lot
of
time
using
your
answer
sheet
only
on
the
remaining
15 minutes
or
so
oi the
allotted
time for
th-e
examination.
sounds
weird?
I
hope not.
A
lot
of material
time
is
wasted
by
answeri.g
u
questiory remembering
its numbe4,
shiftingyour
focus
to
the
ans*er
sheet,
marking
yor-=,
urrr*e4,
and
focusing
back
to
the
questionnaire
again
for the
next
question.
By
transferring
answers
to
your
answer
sheet
on the
lasf15
minutes
or
sor
you
can
just
focus
your
attention on
the
questionnaire and
mark
each
answer
directly
on it.
With this
technique,
you do
not
only
save
time,
you
are
also
sure
that
your
answers
go
to
the
corresponding
number
in
the
answer
sheet.
19.
20.
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27.
Dealing
with multiple
choice
questions
Civil Service Examinations are
formatted in
a
multiple
choice
type where all the answers are given
to
you so
all you
have to
do is
to
choose the
right
one.
Multiple
choice type of
question
is easy, provided you go about it
in the correct way.
There is
a
right
method and
a
wrong
method
for
attempting
these
types
of
examination
and
most
people use
the wrong method.
The
wrong way of answering
multiple choice exams
is to read
the questioru look at the answers and
choose the one
that
looks to
be correct. The
reason
for this is that
while there is only
one correct
answer there are
other
answers which
are very plausible
and are
put there simply to mislead you.
It is amazing how good
we are
at
looking
at
an
incorrect
answer
long
enough
to convince ourselves
that
it
is
correct.
.
The
correct way to choose your
answer
is like this
-
use
a
blank
piece
of paper or your palm
to
cover up the questions
and
gradually pull it down to reveal the
question but
not the
answers.
Read the
question carefully
and
try
to
work out the answer
without
looking at the answers you given.
Then
reveal the answers
and
choose the one that matches yours.
Do
not
enter
into
post-mortems
Do not discuss withyour peers
the
just
concluded
examination
as
this
is
just
a
waste
of
time.
"It
is
water under
a
bridge"
and "No
use
crying
over
spilled milk".
It is too
late now to do
anything
about what you've
written so what's
the point
in discussing
it.
You are
only
likely
to
worry
yourself
with
your
mind
focusing
in
on everything you
think
you
might
have got wrong
rather
than on
the good points.
If
you
find
an
examination
hard
then remember
that
others
will
be finding
it hard
too.
If you
have worked
hard
for
the
examination
then you should be
able
to make a good
attempt at
even the hardest question.
Reoding Comprehension
Tips
Reading
comprehension questions
are formulated
to
test your
understanding
of the
implications,
meanings, and structures presented
in the passages. Normally, you
can
find 8
to L0
passages
of
100 to 200
words
each
in
the
verbal ability section
of
the
CSC
examinations.
You
can
normally find the questions
after each
passage.
I
d
d
u
A
u
5
r
t
e
t
:I
t
I
l
t
t
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1. Typ"s
of Reading
Comprehension Passages
The
passages that
you usually encounter in
CSC
Examinations
will most
likely deal
with
science
and technology,
social
science,
or business
passages. In
dealing with each type
of
passage, you
need to
apply different
test-taking strategy. Most test writers
intentionally
pick
obscure
topics
for
comprehension
passages.
This
is done to minimize
the
chances
of
giving someone
with
"expertise"
to a particular
topic an undue advantage over others
taking the
same test.
In dealing with
Science and Technology
passages,
you
should
approach them
by doing an initial
speed
reading
/
skimming of
the
text.
Science passages
are
very
facfual
and
straightforward.
Hence,
they will likely
provide the easiest
reading
comprehension
questions
you will encounter in the examination. You are much
more likely
to see several
factual questions that can be
answered
directly
from the
passage. Science passages will likely
be
the
easiest reading
comprehension
questions
you
encounter.
Social
Science passages are normally those that deal with
topics
such
as
history,
politics,
and geography.
They will probably
be
the most
enjoyable
reading
comprehension
passages
you
will
read.
This is fortunate,
because
you
must read theie passages
slowly in
order to answer
the many
inference
questions
they are
sure
to
present
Business
passages involve very
difficult
structures,
and
present questions that
require you to
infer information and even
to determine
the authors' moods and opinions. They need
to
be
read
slowly and carefully.
Frequently, business
passages also
include compound
words
that few
people
have
ever heard before, and that even
fewer
people use
in
ordinary conversation. Do not feel bad when you
run into
such terms. They
are not
very difficult to decipher
if
you
break them down and
examine each of
their
parts.
Common Types
of Reading
Comprehension
Questions
Factual
Questions
You
will
likely find
these questions
the
easiest
ones
to
answel but also
the most time
consuming. You need to be
careful
because they often contain
"curveballs"
such
as
those
described
below, in the
strategies
and
tips section.
Howeve4,
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b.
these
curveballs are
also relatively easy to
recognize
and
overcome.
Inference
Questions
In{erence
questions
do not test
your
knowledge
of
explicitly-cited
facts,
but
rather
your ability
to
draw
conclusions
from
other information.
These
questions
may
evenaskyoutomake
a
judgment
aboutthe
author's opinions,
or to guess what
further conclusions the author might draw.
They are usually
the most difficult questions for test
takers.
Main Idea
Questions
Main idea
questions ask the test taker to identify
the
passage's
overall theme, as opposed to supporting
facts
and
arguments.
Many
clients have
told
us
that they
thought
these
questions were
exceptionally
difficult. Our
advice is
to
accept
that
just
because all of
the answer choices
have been
discussed in the
passage,
it
does
not mean that every one of
them
can be called the passage's
central theme.
Tone
Questions
You
will often be asked to
describe the passage's tone.
The
same general
rule
about
negativity
applies here.
The
tone is much more
likely to be
positive
or
neutral
than it is
to
be negative. For a science passage,
the tone is most likely
neutral.
Use
your
scrap
paper
Since these passages
can
be rather
long
and present
difficult
sentence and
paragraph structures,
you may want
to use your
scrap
paper
to
take
aery
brief
notes
on
the
main
ideas
of
each
paragraph.
Taking
brief
notes
is
particularly
useful
for remembering
where to find factual information
in the science passages.
When
we say very brief notes,
what
we
have in mind is something
along the lines
of
"Paragraph
1: The different types
of butterflies,
Paragraph 2: How their nervous systems
work,
Paragraph
3:
Why
pesticide
A is killing
too
many of
them," and the
likes.
Use
abbreviations liberally. Using
scrap
paper
in
this fashion
can also
help you outline passages and identify
their main arguments
for
main idea
questions.
d.
2.
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4.
-
Of course,
yol
can
also
use
your
scrap
paper
as
you
go along,
to keep
track
of the
answer
choices
you
are
ibl"
to eliminate
as
incorrect.
Read
the
first
question
before
you read
the passage
You
will
gain
a
slight
advantage
by reading
the
first
question
before
you
read
the
passage
for the
first
time.
This
will gi'u"
yo.,
a
better
idea
of what
you
should
be focusing
on as
yo,r ruud,
itt
order
to
answer
that
question.
Identify
the
type
of
passage
you
are
reading
Remember
the
type
of
passage
presented
above
and
each
one
should
be treated
differently
in
order
to
optimize
your
score
on
this
section.
whe_n
answering
a
fact
question,
read
boththe
passageproviding
the
data
-
and
several
lines
before
it
-
carefully
-
when
a
fact
question
directs
you
to look
at a
particular
line
of text
for
information,
you
will
often find
that
one
of the answer
choices
is
a
deceptive
one,
taken
directly
from
that
line number.
More
likely
than
not,
there
will
be
something
in
the
sentence
or two
before
the referenced
line number
that
will
give
you
the
proper
frame
for interpreting
the
data
-
and
hence
direci
you
to
the
right
answer
to the
fact
question.
Do
not
ju''rp
to
conclusions
with fact
questions
using roman
numerals
to
identify
answer
choices
You
will
recognize
this
style
of
question as
soon
as
you
see
it:
a.
I only
b.
II
only
c.
III
only
d.
I and
II
only
e.
II
and
III
only
The
catch
is
that,
oftentimes,
facts I
and
II will
be
presented
very-
close
to
each
other
in
the
passage,
but
fact
III will
-be
buried
much
further
in
the
text.
Take
the time
to
review
and
consider
each
fact
on its
own
merits.
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7.
Know
the function
of
each paragraph
Some
functions:
to introduce
to give
the
main
idea
(author's
ultimate
opinion)
to give
an
alternate
idea
(potentially
a
criticism
of
the author's
idea)
to
support
an
idea
to refute
an
idea
to
exemplify
to
compare
and
contrast
8.
Use your
finger
as
a
pointer
Run
it
below
the line
of text. The
human
eye naturally
follows
a
pointel,
so this
keeps
your eye going
at the pace
your
brain
wants.
Ideally
right-handed
students
should use their
left
hands
as
pointers.
That
way they can take
occasional
notes
in
while
holding
their
place
in the passage
with their
left
hand.
Anolylicol
Reosoning Tips
All
Civil
Service
Commission
Examinations
contain Analytical
Reasoning
problems.
Make
each problem the
sole focus
of your being
for the
time
it takes
you
to
work it. Do not
think about anything
else.
Ignore
the
other problems,
the rest
of
the
test
questions,
your
hopes
and
fears
about
the
future,
and
your dinner plans
for that evening.
Remember
the Zen approach
-
live in the present.
When
you walk into
the room
where
you
will
take the
eligibility
examinations,
forget
your
preconceived
notions
about the examinatiorL
rules,
and
standardized
tests.
Everythirg
you
need
to
answer
all
the
questions
on the test
is
contained in the
test booklet. Don't
read
anything
into
the questions.
Focus your whole
being on the
page in
front
of you.
EveryAnalytical
Reasoning
puzzleis like
a
little world all its
own.
The way
to
succeed is
to immersed
yourself
in
that
world
and
become
totally
familiar
with
its
rules and
possibilities. In fac while
you
immerse
yourself into
this
problem's
little world"
you want
to leave
all
your
knowledge
about
the
subject
at home.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
t.
o
o'
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In
order
to
become
as
familiar with that
world as possible
as
canbe,
take your time
setting
up your diagram before
you start attempting
the
questions.
Explore
the
rules,
savoring
the possibilities
like a connoisseur
with
a
mouthful
of fine
wine.
Make sure
you understand
what
the rules
say and consider what they do not say.
Draw
any conclusions you
can.
The
better
you
prepare
yourself,
the
easier
the questions
will
be.
You do not have to work the problems
in
consecutive
order.
You
can
work the second problem first, and
then the
fourttu the
first, and
the third if you want to. No
one
cares
-
just
as long
as you
answer
them all.
Whatever you do, do not skip from one
problem
to another
without
finishing
all the problem's questions" If you
do,
you
are wasting
time
and
unnecessarily
addling
your
brain.
Think
about
it
-
for
every
problem,.you
need to hold in your head
a fact pattern
that allows
you
to answer
its
questions.
Sure,
you
write
down
notes and a
diagram,
but the most important
information
is
in your
brain.
If
you
leave
one
problem
unfinished to work on another,
intending
to come
back
to the
first one,
when you do come back, you
have
to relearn the
facts.
Your
brain can only
hold so much information
at once.
Given
the
time it
takes to figure out the
facts
of one problem,
you can get
a
better
score
by
finishing
three problems and
skipping
one
thanby frantically
trying
to hit parts of all four problems.
After you finished a problem,
forget about
it. It
is
over
and done
with,
and
you need the brain
space
it occupied
. Be Zen
-
live
in the
present.
Leave
the past
in the past.
Dolo Interprelotion
Tips
In
gleaning data
from
a
chart,
graph
or
table,
it
is
remarkably
easy
to
inadvertently grab
your
data
from the
wrong
graph,
bal
line,
and
the
likes. This is the number one
(1)
cause
of incorrect
responses
of
examinees
in dealing with data interpretation.
To avoid
this
blunde+
use your finger
in
pointing
to the data you
want.
Check
to see if the question
asks
for an
approximation.If
so, you
can safely estimate
numbers by
rounding off.
Do
not
confuse percentages
with
raw
numbers.
Always
ask
yourself
which type of
number the chart
or
graph
is
providing,
and
what the question is asking
for.
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It
is
okay
to rely on
visual approximations
when
it comes to
reading bar graphs
and
line
charts.
The test-makers
are
not out
io test
your eyesight. So
if two or
more answer
choices come
very,
very close
to
your
solution,
rest assured that you
need not estimate
values
more
precisely.
Instead, go
back to square
1, you have
made
some other
mistake along the way.
Take
15-30
seconds
right up
front
to assimilate
and
make sense
of
the charf graph,
or table
_-
and be
sure
to read all
the
information
around
it.
Get
a
sense
of what
the variables
are for and
how
they
relate
to one
another
-before
you tackle
the questions.
The ability to interpret
data presented
in
tables,
graphs,
and charts
is
common
in
examination
like the CAREER
SERVICE
EXAMINATION.
This
area
of
the examination
involves
analysis
of
or
decision-making
based on
numerical
and data
interpretation.
Data interpretation problems
usually
require two
basic
steps.
Firsf
vou
have to
read
a
chart or graph
in
order
to obtain
certain
information.
Then you
have to apply or
manipulate
the
information
in
order
to
obtain
an answer.
These questions
often
use very specific
illustrations,
for example
the question
may present
financial
data'
Data
Interpretation
questions
are
very
widely
used
in assessing
ie
examinees'
analysis
capability.
Many
people
who
have
been out of
:he
education
system
for a
while or
who
do
not use
interpret
graphs,
:ie
charts, scatter
diagrams,
and tables
of
data on
a day-to-day
basis
nav feel overawed
by
these types
of
question.
The important
thing to
:emember
is
that
you do
not need
to
have studied
mathematics
to a high
.;r-el to succeed.
These questions
are
primarily
tests
of
interpretation
:,..d
the
math
needed
is
invariably
straightforward.
Proclice,
proctice,
Proctice
You cannot expect
to
become
a scratch
golfer
just
by
reading
a
:=',\- magazine
articles
and
watching
a few golf
tournaments
on TV.
I:actice makes perfect.
If you
want
to
excel
in any
examinatio'ry
you
:
e.cd
to accustom
yourself
to
types
of questions
given
in
a particular
=,':tnation.
You
also
need to work
through
many
practice
questions
.::. learn
to
put
tips
and strategies
like the
ones
we have
presented
to
-.:,:
i
I
ilt
it
lI
fl
il
r
u
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,.,,,,|
i,lTll
i#i@ru;
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VOCABULARY
Word ltlcaning
Direction:
Choose
the correct
meaning
of
the
underlined
words.
1.
Leave
your
humdrum behind,
come together
and
let's
make
everlasting
memories.
a.
happiness
b.
boredom
2.
Moses
established
a
grave
and
pnrdettL law
c.
witty
d.
impossible
3.
The event
was
postponed
because
to the
bad
weather'
8.
Punctuality
is the politeness
of
Kings.
a. secure
b.
wise
a.
went on
b.
against
a.
change
name
b.
combined
a.
element
b. effect
a.
style of cooking
b.
servers
a.
being
huppy
b.
being
wonderful
c.
monotony
d.
restless
c.
canceled
d.
within
c.
decided
d.
degrade
c.
enlarge
d.
cut
into
c.
sign
d.
view
c.
menu
d.
agenda
c.
being on
time
d.
being
handsome
4.
It was resolved
to
make a contribution
of
P2
million
Pesos
for the
charity
institutions.
a.
approval
b.
dreamed
5. Ana
mersed
the two sets
of
data.
6.
Neck
pain
is
one
symptom of meningitis.
7.
The Le
Mont restaurant
on
the top
floor serves
French
cuisine.
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11. A terrier
is
a formidable
opponent
for a
fox.
9. I tilted the mirrol, inspecting
my tongue.
a.
sloping
b. tall
10. Despite millions
of
publicity.
a. hesitate
b. accept
c. flexible
d.
adjusted
income,
show
bands can falter
due to bad
c. go on
d.
quit
c. good
d. causing
fear for apprehension
c.
undergroundpassageway
d. opencanal
c.
blue print
d. copy
c.
approved
d. submitted
23
12. Each of the bedrooms are individually
designed to
reflect
the
unioue
ambiance of the hotel.
a.
production c.
pervading
atmosphere
b. cost d. personality
13. The stone is chiefly a tenacious
red clay and partly
a gravelly
loam.
a. smooth c.
harden
b. tough d.
compressed
-1.
The war is
ending,
the Italian
wants
to leave, they
have an
altercation with the Germans.
c. war
d. dispute
-5.
The
traffic
passes
through
an
encrypted tunnel.
a. annoymg
b. strong
a.
concem
b.
business
a.
highway
b.
corridor
a. original
b. hand written
a.
notorious
b.
joined
-:.
No charge will be
made for this duplicate
certificate.
*
That criminal became
infamous in the
underground.
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18. Let's face it, nobody really wants to stalk
the deer.
20. Knowledge
can and should be acquired
gradually.
a.
murder
b.
track
19. A very
small of electric
equilibrium.
a. soil
b.
dinosaur
a. gain
tr.r
D. malntaln
a.
cure
b.
painless
a. daily
b.
Iarger
or
greater
a. recognized
b. checked
24.
Such
calumny is
easy
country.
a.
acknowledge
b.
cheered
c.
eat
d. cook
pulse
is needed
to disturb the
c. balance
d.
asleep
c.
use
d.
distribute
c.
deadly
d.
successful
c.
double
d.
believed
c.
cannotbe separated
d.
usual
to utter
yet hard to
refute
in foreign
c.
praise
d.
malicious statement
c. rcalize
d.
kind
24
27. Taking too much of
a
sedative drug
can
lead
to
a
fatal overdose.
22. Due to massive expansion plans,
we
are
looking for an experienced
Resource Manager.
23. Bridal
bouquets
are an inseparable part
of wedding
ceremonies.
25.
God
will teach you real peace by putting
you
in absolute
chaos.
a. trouble c.
unruly
b. extreme confusion d.
desperate
26.
God is always
gracious enough
to
give us time
to
embrace
His
truth in our life.
a. shining
b.
worshipful
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27.
The realistic
story is
certainly
more artistic
than
the melodramatic
story.
L.l
29. The
most
difficult
thing
to write was
the actual
svnopsis
of the
episode.
a.
title
b.
ending
Diarrhea
causes
deh
a.
loss
of teeth
b. loss
of appetite
i1.
Ang
pagtulong
sa
kapwa
ay dapat bukal
sa damdamin.
a. matapat
b.
kusa
:1. Ang kanyang
hangarin
ay
mabuti
para
sa
mamamayan.
28.
Nausea is common to
pregnant women.
a.
awake
at night
b. hunger
a.
sensational
b. inspirational
a.
dalangin
b.
pangarap
a.
kawanihan
b. komisyon
a.
nakakapangilabot
b. kalunos-lunos
a.
nagkalat
b.
istambay
c. thriller
d.
comedy
c.
impulse
to vomit
d.
sleepiness
c. summary
d.
composition
humans.
c.
loss
of water
d. loss
of hair
c. unawa
d.
likas
c. layunin
d. adhikain
c.
sangay
d.
komite
c.
kahindik-hindik
d. kasuklam-suklam
c.
iskwater
d.
palaboy
F
:,1. Si Mario
ay
tumiwalag
sa
lupon
ng samahan.
:"i Ang
krimen
na naganap
kagabi
ay
nakaririmarim.
_l_