Crusades and Trade TownsCrusades and Trade Towns

Fight for JerusalemFight for Jerusalem

2/22/102/22/10Basecamp: Reflect on the Egg Joust, why did we do it, and what did you learn from it.

Mission: To understand how the Crusades would affect the Medieval period and how Europe would develop back into an area of learning.

After Class: Review Notes for Quiz Wednesday

2/23/102/23/10

Basecamp: How might the growth of towns lead to problems for medieval Europe?

Mission: To analyze the causes for turmoil in late medieval Europe

After Class: Review Notes for Quiz Wednesday

Pope Urban Calls for a “holy war”Pope Urban Calls for a “holy war”Pope Urban calls for a military “crusade” to kick the Muslims out of their holy capital, Jerusalem

Nobles, Knights, Peasants and Women set out for the arabian peninsula to free it from Islamic rule

All seeking a spot in heaven, more lands, and power

“God wills it!” was their battle cry

Crusades are a flop!Crusades are a flop!Crusaders did not know the geography or climate of the middle east, did not know the Arabs culture or technological advancements, or have a good plan for the war.

1st and 2nd Crusades were successful in capturing Jerusalem, However they were not able to hold the city from Saladin.

The 3rd and 4th Crusades were unsuccessful to recapture Jerusalem.

Trebuchet! Watch OutTrebuchet! Watch Out

Medieval Technology was purpose driven

Learned how to use physics and mathematics to create siege weapons

Trebuchet

Effects of the Crusades

Effects of the CrusadesFailure of the Crusades caused...

trade between Europe and Asia and Africa

bitterness and hatred between Muslims and Christians

seeking of another trade route to India and China

Food is good!Food is good!Using Horses instead of oxen for plowing

Increased food production

Three Field System

enabling farmers to grow in all seasons

allow fields to fertilize itself

Guild SystemGuild SystemApprentice - assistant to a master

Journeyman - work for many masters, work for wages

could become a master once created a masterpiece

Master - member of a guild who were experts at their field

Trade and Towns GrowTrade and Towns GrowTrade drove people back into towns

Waste disposal and Water use was not controlled

populations would grow in Europe

people would not wash or worry about germs

Magna CartaMagna CartaMagna Carta was a document that guaranteed certain basic rights

Nobles wanted to safeguard certain basic rights, and limit the King’s power.

No taxation without representation, jury trial, and protection of the law.

US Bill of Rights, British Common Law

Parliamentary SystemParliamentary SystemBritish Parliament was a step back to representative democracy

Nobles formed a model parliament to advice King on taxes and decisions

Commoners would later form their own house of parliament, called the house of commons

France Separates From England

France Separates From England

Kings looked for ways to increase their power

Feudal territories bonded together

Kings started to gain power over their lords and matched power against other Kings

Church dividedChurch divided

• Pope and Kings collide over power

• Great Schism (division) in the Church

• John Wycliffe says only JC is head of church

• Clergy should own no wealth

• Bible alone was final authority

Bubonic PlagueBubonic Plague• 1/3 of European Population died

• 25 million dead

• Trade brought the plague to Europe from Asia

• Nicknamed Black Death for spots

• Jews became a scapegoat because they were merchant traders

• Fewer workers meant more jobs in cities

100 year war and Joan

100 year war and Joan• French vs England

• English Longbow technology

• Teenage peasant girl said that God had sent her to rescue France

• She helped lead France to independence

• Burned at the stake by British in 1431