crossing guard 2 law

Iowa Adult School Crossing Guard Program

Module 2/Law & Traffic Control Devices

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MODULE 2 – Law & Traffic Control Devices

Module Goal

Apply knowledge of pedestrian and vehicle laws in their school crossing guard program duties.

Objective One

Demonstrate a knowledge of school area traffic regulations and the basic workings of school zone traffic controls.



VEHICLE/PEDESTRIAN TRAFFIC LAWSWhen required to stop, vehicular traffic must stop before entering the crosswalk or behind a clearly marked stop line [I.C. 321.322]

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When traffic control signals are not in place, the driver of a vehicle shall yield the right-of-way to pedestrians in crosswalks or any unmarked crosswalk at an intersection [I.C. 321.327]

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VEHICLE/PEDESTRIAN TRAFFIC LAWS



Every driver of a vehicle shall exercise due care to avoid colliding with any pedestrian upon any roadway and shall exercise due care upon observing any child upon the roadway. [I.C.321.329]




No parking on a sidewalk, in a crosswalk, in front of a curb cut or ramp or within 10’ of a flashing beacon, stop sign, or traffic-control signal on the side of the road [I.C. 321.358]

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Pedestrians shall be subject to traffic-control signals at intersections [I.C. 321.325]

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Pedestrians shall at all times walk on or along the left side of the road [I.C. 321.326]

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When crossing the roadway at any point other than a marked crosswalk or within an unmarked crosswalk at an intersection the pedestrian shall yield to the vehicle upon the roadway [I.C. 321.328]

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Where traffic-control signals are in operation at any place not an intersection pedestrians shall not cross at any place except in a marked crosswalk [I.C. 321.328]

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Pedestrians shall move, wherever practicable, upon the right half of crosswalks [I.C.321.330].




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Bicycle Law

Every person propelling a device by human power has all of the rights and all of the duties applicable to the driver of a vehicle [I.C. 321.1 & 321.234]




TRAFFIC SIGNS, SIGNALS, AND MARKINGS

• Traffic Control Devices Include:

– Traffic signs

– Traffic signals

– Pedestrian signals

– Pavement markings

• Must satisfy five basic requirements:

– Fulfill a need;

– Command attention;

– Convey a clear, simple meaning;

– Command respect from road users;

– Give adequate time for response.



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• Background Law:

– I.C. 761-130.1(321) Constitutes the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD), 2003 ed. As the manual and specifications a uniform system of traffic control devices in Iowa.

– 130.1(1) Gives exceptions to manual for specific for school zones regarding portable or part-time stop signs:

• Emergency and temporary traffic control purpose

• At appropriate school crosswalks.

TRAFFIC SIGNS, SIGNALS, AND MARKINGS



Uniformity

• Reasonably safe and effective traffic control through uniformity:

– Policies– Practices– Standards



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SCHOOL AREA TRAFFIC SIGNS

• Shall be retroreflectorized or illuminated.

• Shall have a yellow or yellow-green background with a black legend and border.

• Should be placed where messages are most effective without restricting lateral clearance or sight distances.

• Placement should consider highway design, alignment, vehicle speed, and roadside development.



SCHOOL AREA TRAFFIC SIGNS

MUTCD

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SCHOOL ADVANCE WARNING



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SCHOOL SPEED ZONE



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SCHOOL SPEED ZONE



SEE THE DIFFERENCE??



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PEDESTRIAN CROSSWALK SIGN



PEDESTRIAN CROSSWALK SIGN



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END OF SCHOOL ZONE



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PORTABLE STOP SIGNS

“ Portable or part-time STOP signs may be used in school zones at appropriate school crosswalks.”

Iowa State Code makes the following exception to the MUTCD for School Zones [761-130.1(1)]:



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PORTABLE STOP SIGNS



PARKING AND STOPPING SIGNS

MUTCD

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1. May Use:

1. To prevent vehicles blocking pedestrians' and driver views.

2. As school traffic plan to control vehicles.



MARKINGS

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Any of these 3 styles may be used.

CROSSWALKS



YIELD LINES

May use to indicate the point behind which vehicles are required to yield.

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Yield Point



STOP LINES

Stop lines may be used to indicate the point behind which vehicles are required to stop.

Stop Point

or

or

≥ 4 ft

Stop Point

MUTCD

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Iowa Adult School Crossing Guard Training Program

SIDEWALK

Gives children a visual cue to keep thema safe distance back from the curb or edge of the street.

Yellow “stand-back” line is marked or taped on sidewalk.

OPTIONAL

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Detectable Warning



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TRAFFIC CONTROL SIGNALS

“steady circular green light” or “steady green arrow”

Vehicular traffic shall yield the right-of-way to other vehicular and pedestrian traffic lawfully within the intersection [I.C. 321.257].



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“steady circular yellow” or “steady yellow arrow”

Are advised that there is insufficient time to cross the intersection. Any pedestrian starting to cross the roadway shall yield the right-of-way to all vehicles [I.C. 321.257].



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“steady circular red”

Shall not enter the roadway, unless the pedestrian can safely cross the roadway without interfering with any vehicular traffic [I.C. 321.257].



OR

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PEDESTRIAN CONTROL SIGNALS

Shall be used in conjunction with traffic control signals if justified by an engineering study.

Exclusively intended for controlling pedestrian traffic



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• A steady WALKING PERSON or WALK light means

– Pedestrian facing the illuminated pedestrian signal indication may proceed to cross the roadway in the direction of the pedestrian signal, possibly in conflict with turning vehicles

– Shall be given the right-of-way by drivers of all vehicles [I.C. 321.257].



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• A flashing UPRAISED HAND or DON'T WALK light means

– pedestrian traffic facing the illuminated pedestrian signal shall not start to cross the roadway in the direction of the pedestrian signal

– Any pedestrian already crossing on a steady WALKING PERSON signal indication shall proceed [I.C. 321.257].



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4

MUTCD

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• A pedestrian interval countdown display

– May be added to inform pedestrians of time left to cross.

– Shall be located immediately adjacent to the associated UPRAISED HAND pedestrian signal head indication.

– Displayed of the number of remaining seconds shall begin only at the beginning of the pedestrian change interval.




MUTCD

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• A steady UPRAISED HAND signal indication means

• Pedestrian shall not enter the roadway in the direction of the illuminated pedestrian signal.




OR

MUTCD

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Some pedestrian signals provide audio cues to inform pedestrians with visual disabilities.




MUTCD

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• Pedestrian Detectors and Signage

• Detectors should be capable of easy activation and conveniently located near each end of the crosswalk.

• Signs shall be mounted adjacent to or integral with pedestrian push button detectors, explaining their purpose and use.



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PEDESTRIAN LEAD INTERVAL



CONCLUSION

The Iowa Code provides rights and duties for pedestrians and bicyclists

The Manual for Uniform Traffic Control Devices standardizes placement of signs and markings

Crossing guards should understand how traffic controls function for the safety of the students.

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