crises of the 14th century
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Crises of the 14th Century
Three Crises
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Crisis #1
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Moving on to crisis 2…
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Three Practices that Weakened the Church
• Many village priests ____________.
• Bishops sold ___________. This called simony.
• Kings were appointing ___________.
married
positions
bishops
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The Great Schism – Crisis #2
1. French pope elected and capital moved from Italy to France (weakened the church)
2. French pope dies; people want an Italian pope
3. Italian pope is chosen; people later regret decision
4. Second (French) is elected now there are two popes (Great Schism)
5. Resolution: a third pope 6. Real resolution: council forces all three
popes to resign and picked a new pope greatly weakened papacy
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The Hundred Years’ War – Crisis #3
But before we get into the details…we have to examine the players:
England & France…
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England France
William the Conqueror invades England in 1066. (non-Anglo ruler; French is added to the English language.)
Henry II (1154-1189) introduces the use of jury in English courts.
John (1199-1216) agrees to the Magna Carta in 1215.• Magna Carta is the first document
to limit the king’s power (very important to remember!!!) and contains basic legal rights
Edward I (1272-1307) calls the Model Parliament in 1295.
Hugh Capet increases the territory of France.
Phillip II (1180-1223) established bailiffs to preside over courts and collect taxes
Louis IX (1226-1270) creates a French appeals court.
Philip IV (1285-1314) adds Third Estate (commoners) to Estates General
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Leading to the war…
• The last Capetian king left no heir.• England’s Edward III, grandson of Philip IV, claimed
the right to the French throne and starts the war.• Lasted from 1337-1453 (116 years)• Effects:– Feelings of nationalism in both countries (fighting for
king/country)– French monarch gains power– England – war of the Roses