Crenarchaea• Sulfur reduction• Sulfur respiration• Sulfur oxidation• Thermoproteus• Sulfolobus• COLD Crenarchaea

Euryarchaea• S metabolizing

– Thermococcus

• Sulfate reducer– Or heterotroph– Archaeoglobus– F420

• Thermoplasma– Acidophiles (pH0.8)– Coal refuse piles– Wall-less (like??)– Methanogen ancestry

• Halophiles• methanogens

Halophiles

• “red herring” = Halobacterium• 2M NaCl, at least!• Internal salt = external

– Compatible solutes– K+

• Shapes vary- can be odd shapes like squares• Facultative aerobes• As anaerobes, photochemotrophic• Bacteriorhodopsin=light driven proton pump

Methanogens

• Make CH4 from CO2 (some CO, formate, acetate methylamines)

• F420, unique enzymes and cofactors• Oxygen sensitive• Found in soils, animal guts, landfills, oil

deposits, hydrothermal vents• Syntrophy• Hydrogen and early energy sources

Korarchaeota

• First found using DNA-based techniques

• Yellowstone• Now also Russia, Iceland,

NZ (?)• What do they do?

The Nanoarchaea