credit: sidney harris credit: nasa escape velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

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Page 1: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s
Page 2: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: Sidney Harris

Page 3: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: NASA

Escape Velocity逃逸速度

脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Page 4: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: Jean-Francois Podevin

光 300,000 km/s

Prison of Light 光監獄

Page 5: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: Bryan Christie, Yan Nascimbene

奇點

Event Horizon 事界

Page 6: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: Fine Line Illustrations

Page 7: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: Pearson Education, Addison Wesley

Hydrostatic Equilibrium 流體靜力平衡

壓力重力

Page 8: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: Slim Films

Page 9: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: ESA, NASA and Felix Mirabel

Supernova Explosion 超新星爆發

Page 10: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: NASA/Dana Berry

Compact Object 致密天體

Page 11: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: Slim Films

白矮星

中子星

Page 12: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: Slim Films

奇點

事界

Stellar Black Hole 恆星型黑洞

地球黑洞 18mm 直徑

Page 13: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: Fine Line Illustrations

Gravity Well 重力井

Page 14: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: Pearson Education, Addison Wesley

Page 15: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: Fine Line Illustrations

Photosphere 光球

Page 16: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: NASA and G. Bacon (STScI)

Page 17: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: Pearson Education, Addison Wesley

Page 18: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

r=2.05M r=2.5M

r=3M r=4M

Page 19: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: NASA/CXC/CfA/R.Hickox et al

Seeing Black Holes

Bootes Field

Page 20: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: ESA, NASA, and Felix Mirabel

吸積盤 Accretion Disk

Jets 噴流

Page 21: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Chandra X-ray Observatory (CXO)錢德拉 X 射線天文臺

Launched 發射:Jul 23, 1999

Page 22: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s
Page 23: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: CXC/M.Weiss

Page 24: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: Ann Feild (STScI)

Page 25: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: Holland Ford, Richard Harms, Zlatan Tsvetanov, Arthur Davidsen, Gerard Kriss, Ralph Bohlin ,George Hartig, Linda Dressel, Ajay K. Kochhar and Bruce Margon; NASA

Gas Spectrum Around M87

Page 26: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: NASA and The Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA)

M87

Supermassive Black Hole超級黑洞

Jet 噴流

Page 27: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: John Bahcall (Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton), Mike Disney (University of Wales), and NASA

Quasar 類星體 = Active Galaxies Nucleus 活躍星系核

Page 28: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: ESA/NASA, the AVO project and Paolo Padovani

Space Monster 太空怪物

Page 29: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: NASA/CXC/STScI/U.North Carolina/G.Cecil

Starburst Galaxy星暴星系NGC 3079

Page 30: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

M31 M82

NGC 1068NGC 4696

Page 31: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

M87

Credit: DSS/NASA/CXC/CfA/W.Forman et al.

Page 32: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: Axel Mellinger

Milky Way in Visible light

Page 33: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: Farhad Yusef-Zadeh et al., VLA, NRAO

Galactic Center Radio Arc

Page 34: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: NASA/CXC/MIT/F.K.Baganoff et al.

Sagittarius A* 人馬座 A*

3,000,000 Solar Mass

Page 35: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: NASA/CXC/MIT/UCLA/UMass/D.Wang, F.K.Baganoff, M.Muno

Page 36: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: NASA/CXC/Caltech/M.Muno et al.

Page 37: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX)

Intermediate Mass Black Hole?

M74 M82

Page 38: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: Science

Page 39: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Hawking Radiation霍金輻射

Page 40: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: Alfred T. Kamajian

Fabric of Spacetime

Page 41: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: Don Dixon

Stellar Black Hole Mini Black Hole

Page 42: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s
Page 43: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Making Black Holes

Page 44: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: NASA/CXC/MPE/S.Komossa et al.

NGC 6240

Double Supermassive Black Holes

3C75

Page 45: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: AEI and W. Benger

Gravitation Wave重力波

Page 46: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

EM Wave

Gravitational Wave

Horizontal polarization

+ polarization x polarization

Vertical polarization

Page 47: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

LIGO Harvard Observatory

Measuring Black Holes

Page 48: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA)

Page 49: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: NASA / SkyWorks Digital

Gamma Ray Burst 伽瑪射線暴

Page 50: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: Andrew Fruchter (STScI) and NASA

Galaxy 星系GRB990123

Page 51: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Credit: Pascal van Putten

Page 52: Credit: Sidney Harris Credit: NASA Escape Velocity 逃逸速度 脫離地球 11.2 km/s

Listening Black Holes