creating order out of the chaos
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Creating Order Out of the Chaos
NISO Content Distribution
Standards
Todd Carpenter, Executive Director, NISOCouncil of Science Editors Confernce
May 20, 2012
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@TAC_NISO Twitter Highlights
• So excited about this panel on reducing chaos at #CSE2012 today
• Very funny & convenient @TAC_NISO pre-tweeted presentation. Slides to come! #CSE2012
• #NISO = 1/3 Publishers, 1/3 Libraries, 1/3 automation vendors - where communities converge to develop standards #CSE2012
• ISO standards community is complex - lots of players. Weird numbering scheme. #NISO manages identifiers subcommittee #CSE2012
• Key Elements of Identification: Referent (thing that is ID’d), the identifier (string identifying referent) & metadata (describes the attributes of the thing) #CSE2012
• Are 2 copies of @The_Economist the same thing? Yet they have the same #ISSN More to IDs than just the classification. #functionalgranularity #standards #CSE2012
• More information about Journal Archiving Tag Suite JATS - http://bit.ly/KoqIJ9
• More information about #NISO PIE-J project: http://www.niso.org/workrooms/piej #CSE2012
• More information about #NISO Supplemental Matierals project: http://www.niso.org/workrooms/supplemental #CSE2012
• More information about #NISO KBART project: http://www.niso.org/workrooms/kbart #CSE2012
• More information about #NISO SERU project: http://www.niso.org/workrooms/seru #CSE2012
• Earlier this week, there was a great meeting in Boston on scholarly authorship. Check out #scholarlyattrib #cse2012
• More information about ORCID project is at http://about.orcid.org or follow @ORCID_Org
• Slides will be posted to SlideShare
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Image: DanTaylor Image: : Joel Washing
Standards are familiar, even if you don’t notice
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The Community
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• Non-profit industry trade association accredited by ANSI
• Mission of developing and maintaining technical standards related to information, documentation, discovery and distribution of published materials and media
• Volunteer driven organization: 400+ spread out across the world
About
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• ISSN
• Paper Permanence
• RFID in Libraries
• OpenURL
• DOI
• SUSHI
• KBART
• SERU
Where the library, publishing and automation suppliers converge
Greatest focus on interoperability
NISO Portfolio
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NISO’s Community
35 % Publishers/Publishing Organizations !
32% Libraries/Library Organizations !
36 LSA Members !(non-voting) !
33% Library Systems Suppliers, Publishing Vendors & Intermediaries !
ISO !
ANSI !
Other SDOs !
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Actively participate internationally with ISO, EDItEUR, IFLA, ICSTI, International STM Association, CODATA,
UK Serials Group, LIBER, Standards Australia, IETF, ISO Registration Authorities
NISO Internationally
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Technical Committee (TC) 46 Information & Documentation
Subcommittees (SC): 4 – Systems Interoperability
8 – Performance Measurement 9 – Identification & Description
11 – Records Management
NISO manages the Secretariat of ISO TC 46, SC 9
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• EDItEUR - ONIX, EDI, ARROW
• Book Industry Study Group - BISAC
• IDEAlliance - Magazine industry, PRISM
• Library of Congress - MARC, PREMIS, SRU/SRW
• ALA - AACR2, RDA
• W3C - html5, CSS3, mobile
• IDPF - EPUB, E-books
• OASIS - XML Standards
• IMSGlobal - Learning Management Systems
Other Standards Organizations
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Key Concepts in Standardization
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The thing being identified
The Referent
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The string identifying the referent
The Identifier
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The data that describes the referent
The Metadata
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• Identifiers can be but are not necessarily names (often better if they aren’t)
• IDs can be but need not be human-readable. They also may or may not be human understandable.
• Metadata describe attributes of the referent
• Not every attribute need be described
An ID & its metadata
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Functional Granularity
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You ID an item at the level at which it makes sense for your business
needs to identify that item
Functional Granularity
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A lesson in functional granularity
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How do these things apply in my life?
Journal-specific standards
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Presentation and Identification of
E-Journals
PIE-J
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JATS: Journal Article Tag Suite
(formerly NLM DTD)
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Journal Article Supplemental Materials
Project
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Indexed Discovery Services
NISO Open Discovery
initiative
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Shared Electronic Resource
Understanding (SERU)
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Issues we are facing (or about to face)
with journals standards
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Authorship-----
Disambiguation
Contributorship Roles
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Increasingly, scientific breakthroughs will be powered by advanced computing capabilities that help researchers manipulate and explore massive datasets.
Large Scale Data-Driven Science
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Image: Walters Art Museum Image: Domenico, Caron, Davis, et al.
Science data isn’t what it used to be
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We all know how to cite something, right?
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Source: Citations for SEER Databases !
Source: Global Land Cover Facility!
Source: International Polar Year !
Source: ICPSR!
Source: The Economist !
How do you cite a data set in a journal?
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Thank you!
Todd Carpenter, Executive [email protected]
National Information Standards Organization (NISO)One North Charles Street, Suite 1905
Baltimore, MD 21201 USA+1 (301) 654-2512
www.niso.org