Creating air pollution map and analyzing traffic survey

HCMUS-OPU SUMMER EXCHANGE PROGRAM 2016

1

Osaka Prefecture University

Yutaro Goto

Shogo Nagano

Narumi Tahara

Mami Harada

Professor Norimichi Takenaka

Table of Contents

Backgrounds: Economic growth in Vietnam

※出展：ベトナム経済の現状と今後の展望高成長よりも不均衡・非効率の解消が必要なベトナム経済 (三菱UFJリサーチ&コンサルティング)

Economy of Vietnam is significantly developing.

Comparing from the other countries in ASEAN

which has economic turndown after Lehman shock,

Vietnam maintained a high economic growth.

Changes in sales of vehicle in Vietnam

The sales of vehicle which

shows the wealth of the

economic conditions is

Increasing.

Background: Air pollution

Reasons of air pollution

①Rapid economic growth②Growth of populations③Major development of industries

Emission from motor bikes, cars, etc.（CO, CO2, NOx, HC）

is especially problems in urban area.

Previous work

Background: Health damage

NO2

pharyngitis(throat), bronchitis(bronchus)

pneumonia(lungs)

SOxbronchitis, asthma

HONOasthmatic response, convulsion

http://ailovei.com/?p=15743

http://news.livedoor.com/article/detail/7544236/

http://www.binchoutan.com/event/2013/taiki.html

PM10, SPM, PM2.5respiratory illness, cancer, pollinosis

Objectives

2 years ago

①Air pollution analysis in Ho chi minh city

→Making air pollution map+

②Compare with data taken2 years ago

+

③Counting traffic surveyThis project

Materials & Methods

Materials & Methods

Passive Sampler

56 point

NO2 colorimetry

NH3ion chromatography

Active Sampler

4 point

PM2.5 gravimetry

HNO3 ion chromatography

NH3 ion chromatography

HONO ion chromatography

Traffic Census (2 points)

To identify the factor of air pollution more clearly

Passive samplers（ 58 points ）

Active samplers（ 4 points ）

Traffic count

( 2 points )

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Materials & Methods: Points of Measurement

HCMUS

Merit：Can analyze accurately Demerit：Need electric source

air

air

Materials & Methods: Active Samplers

Teflon filter to catch PM2.5

Doughnut filter（for particulate matter more than 2.5 microns in diameter）

NH3

HNO3

NO2

HONO, NO2

PM2.5

Schedule

26, (Fri) Setting samplers

27, (Sat)

28, (Sun)Changing filters

(1st)

29, (Mon)

30, (Tue)Changing filters

(2nd)

31, (Wed)

1, (Thr) collecting

Pump

Mass flow controller

Materials & Methods: Active Samplers

Set active samplers to 4 places

Merit: Don’t need electric sourceDemerit: Cannot analyse accurately

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Materials & Methods: Passive Samplers

Measuring NO2 & O3 concentration

Schedule

26,(Fri)

SettingSamplers

27,(Sat)

28,(Sun)

29,(Mon)

30,(Thu)

31,(Wed)

Collecting

1,(Thr)

Analyze

５days

exposed

Analysis the absorbency of 545 nm

spectrophotometer

Method of calculating NO2

concentration①Making calibration curve

②Measuring absorbance of solution

with unknown concentration③ Calculating NO2 by using calibration curve

Materials & Methods: Analysis of NO2

Calibration curve

Samples of PS

Materials & Methods: Traffic census

com具14

Picture of traffic survey

Standard-size vehicle, Heavy duty and Motorbike Category

Busy street(NVC) and quiet street(Chi’s house)Where

When A weekday and a holiday

For 5min. par 1h in the daytime / par 2h at night

Counting number of traffics

Results & Discussions

Results & Discussions: NO2

Big Highway

2 km

✔ Near Big highway,NO2 Concentration was higherthan at places of central city

✔ There are many crowded street

✔ Average 8.8 ppb

Chi’s house

NVC

2年前のデータとの比較

Range were

different !!

Because of…?

Distribution of NO2 didn’t change since 2014But Amount of NO2 was much less than 2014.

Results & Discussions: NO2

A lot of rain!!

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Results & Discussions: NH3

• NH3とNO2で濃度の高いポイントは一致している• 住居区域のNH3基準は 1 ppm＝1000 ppb

→ 悪臭物質としてNH3の影響はない

NH3 ppb

0 to 2

2 to 4

4 to 6

6 to 8

8~

< NH3 > < NO2 >

20

PM2.5

Results & DiscussionsPM2.5 HNO3 HONO

0

10

20

30

40

50

point 1 point 2 point 3 point 4

μg

/m3

PM2.5

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

point 1 point 2 point 3 point 4

pp

bv

HNO3

0

2

4

point 1 point 2 point 3 point 4

pp

bv

HONO

日本の平均 1 ppbv

２年前 2～8 ppbv

日本の平均 0.5 ppbv

日本の環境基準 35 μg/m3 (1年平均)15 μg/m3 (1日平均)

Place of active samplers on NO2Map

２年前 0～4 ppbv

２年前 20～100 μg/m3

NVCChi’s house

Sta

nd

ard

Heavy d

uty

Results & Discussions: Counting traffic

Mo

torb

ike

Avera

ge

nu

mb

er

of

veh

icle

(/5

min

)

The number of Motorbike wasvery High!!!

Results & Discussions: Counting traffic

NVCTh

e n

um

ber

of

mo

torb

ike (

/5m

in)

Rainstorm

Rainstorm

Rush

✔ In the morning and evening of weekdays, motorbikes were more than weekend because of commuter rush.

Results & Discussions: Counting traffic and NO2 concentration

Rainstorm

✔ Time change of traffic and NO2 concentration had similar trend.✔ After rainstorm, NO2 concentration decreased.

Rainstorm

Est

imate

dn

um

ber

of

veh

icle

(/

ho

ur)

8/28 8/29 8/30

1. We measured and analyzed the air pollutant(NO2, NH3, HONO,PM2.5, HNO3) in Ho Chi Minh city.

2. Amount of all air pollutant was less than the last survey.→ It rained a lot for this survey period than in previous work

3. Trend of NO2 Concentration time change was related to thenumber of vehicles.

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Conclusion

Future works

We have to collect more traffic data at many places

to identify the factor of air pollution more clearly.

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Thank you for your listening

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Remark

• Acceptable human error