cq]-tcj - keralatownplanning.kerala.gov.in/town/wp-content/uploads/2018/... · 2018. 12. 5. ·...

$: cq]-tcJ - Keralatownplanning.kerala.gov.in/town/wp-content/uploads/2018/... · 2018. 12. 5. · `mKw IV kab{Iahpw ]cn-io-e-\-§fpw A[ymbw IX kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbpw {]mtZ-inI$
P\-]-¦m-fn- -t¯msSØe-]-cm -kq-{XWw

PnÃm Bkq-{XW kan-Xn, -\K-c-þ-{Km-am-k q-{XW hIp v

L D P

I D D P

P\-]-¦m-fn- -t¯msSØe-]-cm -kq-{XWw

PnÃm Bkq-{XW kan-Xn, -\K-c-þ-{Km-am-k q-{XW hIp v

L D P

I D D P

]Xn -s\m¶mw ]©-h-Õc ]²Xn (2007 -þ2012){]mtZ -inI / PnÃm / kwØm\ hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ- X¿m-dm-¡Â

kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ{]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ

\Kc {]m´ amÀ¡äv

BtKmfamÀ¡äv

hyh-kmbhnI-k\w

]mÀ nShnI-k\w

\Kc hnI-k\w

hnt\mZ k©mchnI -k\w

\KcamÀ¡äv

]p\c[n-hmktI{µw

]mÀ¸nShnI-k\w

{]mtZ-inIkm¼- nI hnI-k\w

ImÀjnIhnI-k\w

ImÀjnIhnI-k\w

{]mtZ-inIamÀ¡äv

\Kc {]m´ amÀ¡äv

BtKmfamÀ¡äv

hyh-kmbhnI-k\w

]mÀ nShnI-k\w

\Kc hnI-k\w

hnt\mZ k©mchnI -k\w

\KcamÀ¡äv

]p\c[n-hmktI{µw

]mÀ¸nShnI-k\w

{]mtZ-inIkm¼- nI hnI-k\w

ImÀjnIhnI-k\w

ImÀjnIhnI-k\w

{]mtZ-inIamÀ¡äv

\K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XW hIp¸vXt±i kzbw cW hIp¸v

DÅ-S¡w

Ah-Xm-cnI

BapJw

IS-¸mSv

`mKw IhnI-k\ cq]-tcJIfpw kwL-S\m kwhn-[m-\hpw

A[ymbw I

hntI{µo-IrXmkq-{XW {]{In-b-bnÂ Øe-]cmkq-{XW¯nsâ ]¦v1.1.0 Bkq{XW {]{Inb C´y-bnÂ1.2.0 Bkq-{XW {]{Inb tIc-f- nÂ1.2.1 H¼Xmw ]©-h-Õc ]²Xn þ P\-Iob ]²Xn1.2.2 ]¯mw ]©-h-Õc ]²Xn1.2.3 t]mcm-bva-IÄ1.3.0 Øe-]cmkq-{X-W- nsâ Bh-iy-IX1.4.0 Øe-]cmkq-{XWw þ {]mtZ-inI hnI-k-\-¯n-\pÅ ka{K kao-]\w1.5.0 Øe-]cmkq-{XW ]cn-{i-a-§Ä tIc-f- nÂ1.6.0 hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡Â þ sImÃw amXrI1.7.0 Øe-]c hnI-k\ cq]-tcJI-fpsS \nb-a-km-[pX

A[ymbw II

hnI-k\ cq]-tcJIÄ2.1.0 hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ2.2.0 kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbpw {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJIfpw2.2.1 kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbpsS LS-I-§Ä2.2.2 {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbpsS LS-I-§Ä2.3.0 Bkq-{XW k{¼-Zm-bhpw hnI-k\ cq]-tcJI-fpsS ]c-kv]c _Ôhpw

A[ymbw III

kwL-S\m kwhn[m\w3.1.0 {]mcw`w3.2.0 kwØm-\-Xe Ìnb-dnwKv I½nän3.2.1 cq]o-I-cWw3.2.2 LS\

3.3.0 \K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XW hIp-¸nse kwØm-\-Xe t{]mPIvSv skÂ3.3.1 cq]o-I-cWw3.3.2 LS\3.3.3 Npa-X-e-IÄ3.4.0 PnÃm Xe tImþ-HmÀUn-t\-j³ I½nän3.4.1 cq]o-I-cWw3.4.2 LS\3.4.3 Npa-X-e-IÄ3.5.0 PnÃm \K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XW Hm^okv3.5.1 Npa-X-e-IÄ3.6.0 {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ t{]mk-ÊnwKv I½nän3.6.1 cq]o-I-cWw3.6.2 LS\3.6.3 Npa-X-e-IÄ3.7.0 hÀ¡nwKv {Kq¸p-IÄ3.7.1 cq]o-I-cWhpw LS-\bpw3.7.2 Npa-X-e-IÄ3.8.0 kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½nän-3.8.1 cq]o-I-cWw3.8.2 LS\3.8.3. Npa-X-e-IÄ3.8.4 F³Pn\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn-\n-bpsS Npa-X-e-IÄ3.8.5 FÂ.-Un.-]n. cq]o-I-c-W-¯nÂ dntkmgvkv t]gvk¬sâ Npa-X-e-IÄ3.9.0 kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbv¡p thWvSn-bpÅ kvs]jyÂ sSIv\n-¡Â

AssUz-kdn {Kq v (SnF-Pn)3.9.1 cq]o-I-cWhpw LS-\bpw3.9.2 Npa-X-e-IÄ3.10.0 sF.Un.-Un.-]n. Câ-t{K-j³ I½nän3.10.1 cq]o-I-cWhpw LS-\bpw3.10.2 Npa-X-e-IÄ3.11.0 kvs]jyÂ Sn.F.Pn bpsS kvt]jyÂ ¹m\nwKv k_v {Kq¸v3.11.1 cq]o-I-cWw3.11.2 LS-\3.11.3 Npa-X-e-IÄ3.12.0 kvs]jyÂ Sn.F.Pn bpsS k_v {Kq¸pIÄ3.12.1 cq]o-I-cWhpw LS-\bpw3.12.2 Npa-X-e-IÄ

`mKw II{]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ þ X¿m-dm-¡Â {]{Inb

A[ymbw IV

hnhc tiJ-c-Whpw kam-l-c-Whpw {]mtZ-inI Xe- nÂ4.1.0 {]mcw`w4.2.0 hnhc tiJ-cW {]{Inb4.3.0 {]mcw` {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä4.3.1 IU-kv{SÂ `q]-S-§Ä tiJ-cn-¡Â4.3.2 Pn.-]n.-F-kv. kÀth4.3.3 UnPn-ssäkv sNbvX `q]-S-§Ä X¿m-dm-¡Â4.3.4 km[\ kma-{Kn-IÄ tiJ-cn-¡Â4.3.5 F©n-\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn-\n-Isf sXc-sª-Sp-¡Â4.3.6 kÀth-bÀ s{Sbn-\n-Isf sXc-sª-Sp-¡Â4.4.0 hnhc tiJ-cWw4.4.1 {]mY-anI hnhc tiJ-cWw4.4.2 ZznXob hnhc tiJ-cWw4.5.0 hnhc ka-ml-cWw4.5.1 {]mY-anI hnhc kam-l-cWw4.5.2 ZznXob hnhc kam-l-cWw

A[ymbw V

IcSv {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ5.1.0 {]mcw`w5.2.0 cq]o-I-cW {]{Inb5.3.0 hnhc hni-I-e\w5.3.1 Øe-]c hni-I-e\w5.3.2 {]mtZ-inI Xe hni-I-e\w5.4.0 tÌ¡v tlmÄUÀam-cp-am-bpÅ NÀ¨5.5.0 {]tXyI {Kma /hmÀUv k`-bpsS kwLm-S\w5.6.0 hnI-k\hmZ-ap-J-§Ä IsWvS- epw Dt±i e£y-§Ä \nÝ-bn-¡epw5.7.0 hnI-k\ k¦Â]w cq]o-I-cn-¡Â5.8.0 \b-§fpw X{ -§fpw Bhn-jv¡-cn-¡Â5.9.0 {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ ({]m-Y-anI Ic-Sv)5.10.0 IcSv {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ

A[ymbw VI

A´na {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ6.1.0 {]mcw`w6.2.0 A\p-aXn e`n¨ kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJsb ASn-Øm-\-am¡n IcSv {]mtZ-inI

hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ ]cn-jv¡-cn-¡Â6.3.0 hnI-k\ skan-\mÀ6.4.0 {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbv¡v A\p-aXn6.5.0 t»m¡v ]©m-b¯v hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡Â6.6.0 PnÃm ]©m-b¯v hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡Â6.7.0 \nÀh-l-Whpw tamWn-«-dnwKpw

`mKw IIIkwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ þ X¿m-dm-¡Â {]{Inb

A[ymbw VII

taJem hnhc tiJ-c-Whpw kam-l-c-Whpw7.1.0 {]mcw`w7.2.0 hnhc tiJ-c-Whpw kam-l-c-Whpw7.3.0 PnÃm Umäm amÌÀ tS_nÄ X¿m-dm-¡Â7.4.0 PnÃ-bpsS ASn-Øm\ `q]Sw X¿m-dm-¡Â

A[ymbw VIII

kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ8.1.0 {]mcw`w8.2.0 {]{Inb8.3.0 hnhc hni-I-e\w8.3.1 taJem hni-I-e\w8.3.2 Øe-]c hni-I-e\w8.4.0 hnI-k\hmZ-ap-J-§Ä IsWvS- epw Dt±i e£y-§Ä \nÝ-bn-¡epw8.5.0 PnÃm hnI-k\ k¦Â]w cq]o-I-cn-¡Â8.6.0 hnI-k\ k¦Â]hpw s]mXp-hmb hnI-k\ \b-§fpw Xt±i kzbw cW Øm]-\-§-fnÂ

Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡Â8.7.0 \b-§fpw X{ -§fpw Bhn-jv¡-cn-¡Â8.8.0 kwtbm-Pn-X- PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ ({]mY-an-I I-cSv)8.9.0 kwtbm-Pn-X- PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ ({]mY-an-Iw)8.10.0 kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ (hn-I-k\ skan-\m-dnsâ ASn-Øm-\- nÂ

]cn-jv¡-cn¨ {]mY-an-I cq]-tcJ)8.11.0 IcSv kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ8.12.0 kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbv¡v A\p-aXn8.13.0 \nÀh-l-Whpw tamWn-«-dnwKpw

`mKw IVkab{Iahpw ]cn-io-e-\-§fpw

A[ymbw IX

kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbpw {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJIfpwX¿mdm¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ kab{Iaw9.1.0 {]mcw`w9.2.0 kab{Iaw

A[ymbw X]cn-io-e-\-§Ä10.1.0 {]mcw`w10.2.0 ]cn-io-e-\-§fpsS Bh-iy-IX

A\p-_-ÔwA\p_Ôw I kmaq-ly-þ-km-¼-¯nI kÀth \S-¯p-¶-Xn-\pÅ coXn-imkv{Xw

A\p_Ôw II hmÀUv /Unhn-j³ Xe- nÂ uXnI kÀth \S- p-¶-Xn-\pÅ coXn-imkv{Xw

A\p_Ôw III {Sm^n-Iv-þ-{Sm³kvt]mÀt«-j³ hnhc tiJ-cWw

A\p_Ôw IV A ]cn-ØnXn kÀth

A\p_Ôw IV B ss]XrI kÀth

A\p_Ôw V F©n-\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn-\n-bpsS tPmen-bpsS L«-§fpw {]Xn- -e hnX-cW coXnbpw

A\p_Ôw VI F©n-\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn-\n-IÄ¡pÅ amXrIm At]£m ^mdw

A\p_Ôw VII kÀth-bÀ s{Sbn-\n-IÄ¡pÅ amXrIm At]£m ^mdw

A\p_Ôw VIII {]mtZ-inI Xe ZznXob hnhc tiJ-c-W- n-\pÅ sN¡v enÌv

A\p_Ôw IX \K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XW hIp¸v \S-¯p¶ Øe-]c hni-I-e\w

A\p_Ôw X kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbv¡p thWvSn-bpÅ taJemkw_-Ô-amb hnhc tiJ-cWw kw_-Ôn¨ sN¡v enÌv

A\p_Ôw XI {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbpsS DÅ-S¡w

A\p_Ôw XII kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbv¡m-bpÅ taJem hni-I-e\w þhni-I-e\w sNt¿WvS Imcy-§Ä

A\p_Ôw XIII kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbpsS DÅ-S¡w

A\p_Ôw XIV {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tc-Jbpw kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tc-JbpwX¿m-dm-¡p-¶n-\pÅ {]hÀ -\-§Äþ XpSÀ -bmb {Ia- nÂ

A\p_Ôw XV kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J, {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J, kwØm-\-XehnI-k\ ]cn-t{]£yw Ch X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn\v A\p-hmZw \ÂIn-s¡m-

WvSpÅ kÀ¡mÀ D¯-chv

Ah-Xm-cnI

‘kmaqly\oXn Dd¸p hcp-¯n-s¡m-WvSpÅ ka-{K -hn-I-k\w’ þ AXmWv tIcf

kÀ¡m-cnsâ {]Jym-]nX Imcy-]-cn-]mSn F¶v \ap-t¡-hÀ¡pw Adn-bmw. F¶mÂ, km¼- n-Ihpw

kmaq-ln-Ihpw uXn-I-hp-amb am\§Ä kwtbm-Pn- n- mÂ am{Xta ka-{K-hn-I-k\w t\Sn-sb-Sp-¡m³

Ign-bp-I-bp-Åq. kaq-l- nse FÃm hn`mKw P\-§Ä¡pw Xpey Ah-kcw {]m-]yam-¡p¶Xn-eqsS

am{Xta kmaqly \oXn Dd¸p hcp- m-\p-am-hq. `mhn-X-e-ap-d-bpsS Bhiy-§Ä ]cn-K-Wn¨p

am{Xta C¶s¯ kaq-l-¯n-\pÅ Ah-k-c-§Ä Dd- m-¡m-\m-hq. A -c-samcp hnI-k\w

P\m-[n-]Xy coXn-bnÂ t\Sn-sb-Sp-¡-W-sa-¦nÂ hnI-k-\- nÂ P\-]-¦m-fn¯w AXy- m-t]-£n-X-am-Wv.

hntI-{µo-Ir-Xm-kq-{X-W-t¯m-SpÅ kÀ¡m-cnsâ {]Xn-_-²X ]qÀ¯o-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\mWv H¼Xmw

]©-h-Õc ]²-Xn-bnÂ P\-Io-bm-kq-{XW {]Øm\w Ah-X-cn- n- -Xv.

{]mtZ-inI hnI-k\w ssIh-cn-¡p-I-bmWv hntI-{µo-Ir-Xm-kq-{X-W- nsâ {][m\ e£yw.

{]tZ-i- nsâ khn-ti-j-X-Isf ASn-Øm-\-am¡n aÀ½ {][m-\-amb Nne taJ-e-I-sfsb-¦nepw

t_m[-]qÀhw GtIm-]n- n- mÂ am{Xta {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\w t\Sn-sb-Sp-¡m³ km[n-¡p-I-bp-Åq.

{][m\ taJ-e-Isf Hcp {]tZ-i v GtIm-]n- n-¡m-\p-Å -{]-bXv\w bYmÀ°- nÂ Øe-]-cm-kq-{XW

]cn-{iaw Xs¶-bm-Wv. F¶mÂ \ne-hn-epÅ hntI-{µo-Ir-Xm-kq-{XW {]{In-b-bnÂ C -c-samcp

hiw hn«p-t]m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tc-Jbpw {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\

cq]-tc-Jbpw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-Å Cu ssI¸p-kvX-I-¯nÂ, P\-]-¦m-fn-¯-t¯m-sS-bpÅ

Øe-]-cm-kq-{X-W- nsâ ASn-Øm-\- nÂ Cu cq]-tc-J-IÄ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ coXn-imkv{Xw

hni-Zo-I-cn- n-cn-¡p-¶p.

Cu ssI¸p-kvXIw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn\v \K-c-þ -{Km-am-kq-{XW hIp¸v \S-¯nb

]cn-{i-a-§sf A`n-\-µn-¡p-¶-Xn-t\msSm¸w, {]mtZ-in-I-þ-Pn-Ãm-þ-kw-Øm\ hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-IÄ

X¿m-dm-¡p¶ ]cn-]m-Sn¡v hnPbw Biw-kn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p.

]mtemfn apl-½Zv Ip«n

Xt±i kzbw`cW hIp v a{´n

BapJw

]¦m-fn- -]-c-amb Bkq-{X-W- n\v CuSpä Hcp coXn-imkv{Xw hnI-kn- n-s -Sp-¡p-¶-Xn-epw,AXv {]hr¯n ]Y- nÂ sImWvSp hcp-¶-Xnepw P\-Io-bm-kq-{XW¯neqsS tIcfw hnP-bn- n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. XnI¨pw ]pXp-a-bmÀ¶ Cu coXn-imkv{Xw Ct¸mÄ tZiob Xe- nÂ kzoIm-cy-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. CXn\p kam-\-amb coXn-imkv{Xw ]Xn-s\m¶mw ]©-h-Õc ]²Xn cq]o-I-c-W- nÂ]n´p-S-c-W-sa¶v FÃm kwØ-m\§-tfmSpw Bkq-{XW I½o-j³ ip]mÀi sNbvXn-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv.

hntI-{µo-Ir-Xm-kq-{X-W- n\v amÀK-ZÀi\w \ÂIn F¶ JymXn \ap-¡p-WvSv. F¶mÂChnsS hnI-k\ ap³K-W-\-IÄ \nÝ-bn-¨Xpw hnI-k\ Xmev]-cy-§Ä sXc-sª-Sp-¯-Xpw,Xt±i cW Øm]-\-§-fpsS t\Xr-Xz-¯nÂ tÌ¡v tlmÄUÀam-cp-am-bpÅ NÀ¨-bnse [mc-W-I-fp-sSbpw \o¡p-t]m-¡p-I-fp-sSbpw ASn-Øm-\-¯n-emWv; AÃm-sX, A]-{K-Y-\-¯nsâASn-Øm-\- n-em-bn-cp-¶nÃ F¶ hkvXpX AwKo-I-cnt¨ aXn-bm-Iq. XpS-¡-am-b-Xn-\mÂ Biz-kn¡mw F¶p am{Xw.

tIc-f- nse hntI-{µo-I-cWw Ct¸mÄ Øm]-\-hÂ¡-cW L«- n-te¡v IS-¶n-cn-¡p-I-bm-W-tÃm. AXn-\mÂ P\-§-sfbpw Ah-cpsS {]Xn-\n-[n-I-sfbpw tI{µ-Øm-\¯v \ndp¯n,DtZym-K-Ø-cp-sSbpw hnZ-Kv²-cp-sSbpw klm-b-t¯msS hnI-k\ hnh-c-§fpw hnI-k\ {]h-W-X-IfpwA]-{K-Yn¨v Bkq-{X-W-¯nsâ KpW-ta· hÀ²n-¸n-t¡WvS kabw kam-K-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.hnI-k\ kml-N-cy-§-sf-¡p-dn¨pw hnI-k\ km[y-X-I-sf-¡p-dn- p-apÅ kq£va [mc-W-I-fnÂ\n¶v Dcp- n-cn-bp¶ Hcp ImgvN- mSv Bkq-{XW {]{In-b-bnÂ DWvSm-tI-WvSn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.

Cu Zni-bnÂ AXn-{]-[m-\-amb Hcp ]co-£-W-amWv sImÃw PnÃ-bnÂ \S-¶-Xv. \K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XW hIp-¸nse Ign-hpä GXm\pw s{]m^-j-\-ep-IÄ Xt±i `cW Øm]-\-§-fnse{]_p-²-cmb cmjv{Sob t\Xr-Xz-hp-ambn H¯p-tNÀ¶v \nc- cw {]b-Xv\n¨pw kq£vamw-i-§-fn-te¡vIS¶p sN¶pw s\bvsX-Sp- -XmWv B ]co-£-Ww. aän-S-§-fnÂ ]IÀ¯m³ Ign-bp¶ Xc- nÂià-amb Hcp coXn-imkv{Xw hnI-kn-¸n-s¨-Sp-¯Xv \nc-h[n XhW Bhn-jv¡-cn¨pwXncp-¯nbpw BWv. ]Xn-s\m¶mw ]©-h-Õc ]²-Xn-bpsS `mK-am-bpÅ PnÃm hnI-k\cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn\v sImÃw PnÃ-bpsS ]mT-§Ä D]-bp-à-am-¡m-hp¶ Xc-¯nÂ B]co-£-W-§Ä ssI¸p-kvX-I-ambn Ah-X-cn- n-¡p-I-bm-Wn-hn-sS. ssI¸p-kvX-I- nÂ {]Xn-]m-Zn-¨n-cn-¡p¶ coXn-imkv{Xw ]n´p-S-cp-¶-Xn\v Ipd-t¨sd kabw thWvSn ht¶-¡mw. F¶mÂhIp- p-I-fpsS mK¯p \n¶v FÃm hn[- n-ep-apÅ kl-I-cWw DsWvS-¦nÂ L«-§-sfÃmw Npcp¡n{][m\ {]{In-b-I-sfÃmw ]qÀW-ambn \nÀh-ln-¡m³ Ign-bpw. C\n-bpÅ Bdp amk-¡mew PnÃmBkq-{XW kan-Xn-I-fnÂ \n¶p {]Xo-£n-¡p-¶Xpw CXm-Wv.

Fkv.-Fw.-hn-P-bm-\µv {]n³kn-¸Â sk{I-«dn

Xncp-h-\- -]pcw (Xt±i kzbw`cW hIp¸v)

IS-¸mSv

GXp taJ-e-bn-em-bmepw apXÂap-S-¡n\v ùXn-I-amb e£-Whpw `qan-im-kv{X-]-c-ambØm\hpw DWvSv. ]cn-W-X- -e-amb hnI-k-\ {]tNmZ-\-§Ä an¡-t¸mgpw aäp taJ-e-I-fpsS{]hÀ -\-§sf kzm[o-\n-¡p-Ibpw Øe-]-c-amb Hcp cq]-am-Xr-I-bnÂ F¯n-t -cp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.\nÀ±njvS ka-b¯v hnI-k\w km[y-am-Ip¶ Xc-¯n-epÅ Gähpw A\p-tbm-Py-amb{]hÀ¯-\-§fpw Ah-bpsS Øm\-§fpw Bkq-{Xn-X-amb CS-s]-S-en-eqsS kq£va-ambn\nÀW-bn-¡m³ Ignbpw F¶Xv hyà-am-Wv. \½psS kwØm-\ v Ct¸mÄ {]tbm-K- n-en-cn-¡p¶hntI-{µo-Ir-Xm-kq-{XW {]{In-b-bn-eqsS cq]-hÂ¡-cn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ e£y-§Ä t\Sn-sb-Sp-¡p-¶-Xn\vA¯-c-samcp hnI-k\ ImgvN-¸mSv AXy-´m-t]-£n-X-am-Wv.

sImÃw PnÃm Bkq-{XW kan-Xn-bpsS B`n-ap-Jy- nÂ, t\mUÂ GP³kn-bmb PnÃm\K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XW Hmô-knsâ kmt¦-XnI klm-b-t¯msS Gsä-Sp¯v ]¦m-fn-¯-]-c-ambØe-]-cm-kq-{XW kao-]-\- nsâ ASn-Øm-\- nÂ X¿m-dm-¡nb hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ C -cp-W- nÂhfsc {]k-à-am-Wv. hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-bpsS sImÃw amXrI {]k-à-am-Ip-¶Xv C\n ]d-bp¶AXnsâ AXpey khn-ti-j-X-IÄ Imc-W-am-Wv.??? kao-]-\- nsâ AZzn-Xob kz`m-hw. AXm-b-Xv, kmt¦-XnI hnZ-Kv²À, cm{ãob {]hÀ -IÀ,

k¶² kwL-S-\-IÄ, kÀ¡mÀ hIp- p-IÄ, km[m-c-W-¡mÀ, XoÀ¸p Iev]n-¡p¶ aäp-Å-hÀXpS§n FÃm hnI-k\ ]¦m-fn-Ifpw DÄs -Sp¶ ]¦m-fn- -]-c-amb Øe-]-cm-kq-{XW kao-]-\w.

??? taJem kao-]-\- nÂ \n¶v Øe-]-cm-kq-{X-W- n-te-¡pÅ {]I-S-amb amäw. Cu t{]mP-IvSv,Hcp \nÀ±njvS {]tZ-i¯v hnhn[ hnI-k\ taJ-e-I-fpsS kwtbm-P\w Dd¸p hcp- p¶p.(\nÀ±njvS {]tZiw F¶Xv {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tc-Jsb kw_-Ôn- n-S-t¯mfw HcpXt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\ {]tZ-i-hpw, kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tc-Jsbkw_-Ôn- n-S-t¯mfw PnÃ BI-am-\-hp-am-Wv.)

??? Bkq-{XW {]tZ-is¯ Gähpw aqey-apÅ hn -h-amb `qan At§-bäw \¶mbpw ]c-am-h[nA\p-tbm-Py-ambpw hn\n-tbm-Kn-¡-s¸Spw F¶v Dd- p- h-cp- p-¶p.

??? hnhn[ tÌ¡vtlmÄUÀam-cpsS ho£-W-K-Xn-Isf kwtbm-Pn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-eqsS hnI-k\]cn-t{]£yw Bhn-jv¡-cn-¡-s -Sp-¶p. P\-§-fpsS A`n-em-j-hpw, imkv{Xob hni-I-e-\- nÂ\n¶pf-hm-Ip¶ ê-§fpw `mhn-bnse hnI-k\ ]cn-t{]£yw Dcp-¯n-cn-bp-¶-Xn\vASn-Øm-\-ambn hÀ¯n-¡p-¶p.

??? ‘apI-fnÂ \n¶p Xmtg-¡v’, ‘Xmsg \n¶p apI-fn-te¡v” þ Cu cWvSp-Xcw kao-]-\-§-fpwkap-Nn-X-ambn kwtbm-Pn- n- -Xnse AZzn-Xob kz`mhw. hnhc tiJ-c-Ww, hni-I-e-\w,{]tZ-inI Xe \nÀtZ-i-§Ä Bhn-jv¡-cn-¡Â F¶o {]hÀ -\-§Ä Xmsg X«nÂ Xs¶]c-am-h[n \S- p-¶p. AtX-k-abw kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xp-ambn _Ô-s¸« v PnÃm Xe- nÂ Dcp- n-cnbp¶ \b-§sf ASn-Øm-\-am¡n {]mtZ-inIhnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-IÄ ]cn-jv¡-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p-WvSv. F¶mÂ {]mtZ-inI Xe- nse(X-t±i kzbw`cW Øm]\ Xew) \nÀtZ-i-§Ä ]cn-K-Wn- mWv PnÃm Xe¯nÂ \b§Äcq]o-I-cn-¡p¶Xv.

??? {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tc-Jbpw kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tc-Jbpw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn\vPn.-sF.-F-kv. DÄs -sS-bpÅ kmt¦-XnI hnZy-bpsS km[y-X-IÄ {]tbm-P-\-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p.sImÃw PnÃ-bnse ss]eäv t{]mPIvSnsâ hnP-b¯nsâ ASn-Øm-\- nÂ Cu t{]mPIvSv

FÃm PnÃ-I-fnte¡pw hym]n- n-¡m³ Xocp-am-\n- psImWvSpw, {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-I-fpwkwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-Ifpw kwØm\ hnI-k\ ]cn-t{]-£yhpw X¿m-dm-¡p¶]cn-]m-Sn¡v A\p-aXn \ÂInbpw 1.2.2007 se k.D (BÀ.-Sn) 354/07/FÂ.-F-kv.-Pn.-Un. \¼À {]ImcwkÀ¡mÀ D¯-chp ]pd-s¸-Sp-hn- n«pWvSv. {]kvXpX hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-IÄ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅcoXn-im-kv{X- nsâ hni-Zmw-i-§Ä DÄs¡m-Ån¨v Hcp ssI¸p-kvXIw X¿m-dm-¡-W-sa¶pw CuD -c-hnÂ \njvIÀjn- n-cp-¶p. ka-b-_-Ôn-X-ambn ssI¸p-kvXIw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn\v hIp- p-Xe¯nÂ Hcp IÀ½- k-anXn cq]o-I-cn-¡p-I-bp-ap-WvSm-bn. IÀ½ kanXn \nch[n XhW tbmKwtNÀ¶v NÀ¨ sNbvXmWv ssI¸p-kvX-I- n\v cq]w \ÂIn-b-Xv. ]¯mw ]©-h-Õc ]²-Xn-bnÂXt±i kzbw `cW Øm]-\-§-fpsS ]²Xn cq]o-I-c-W-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸«v X¿m-dm-¡nbkwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J, {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ F¶ 18-þmw \¼À ssI¸p-kvX-Iw,sImÃw PnÃ-bnse ss]eäv t{]mPIvSv \nÀh-l-W-¯nse A\p-`-h-¯nsâ shfn-¨-¯nÂ]cn-jv¡-cn- mWv Cu ssI¸p-kvX-Iw X¿m-dm-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv.

FÃm PnÃ-I-fnepw {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-Ifpw kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\cq]-tc-J-Ifpw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ coXn imkv{X- nsâ hni-Zmw-i-§-fmWv Cu ssI¸p-kvX-I- nÂ\ÂIn-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. kwØm\ hnI-k\ ]cn-t{]£yw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xnsâ hni-Zmw-i-§Ä ]n¶oSvNÀ¨ sN¿p-¶-Xm-bn-cn-¡pw.

hntI{µoIrXm-kq-{XW {]{In-b-bnÂ Øe-]-cm-kq-{X-W-¯nsâ ]¦v F´m-sW¶vssI¸p-kvX-I-¯nsâ `mKw I Â ]cn-tim-[n-¡p-¶p. AtXm-sSm-¸w, {]mtZ-inI hnI-k-\-¯nsâ{]Jym-]nX e£y-§Ä ssIh-cn-¡p-¶-Xn\p X¿m-dm-t¡WvS Øe-]c hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ GXpXc-¯n-epÅXmbn-cn-¡-W-sa-¶pw, AXnsâ DÅ-S¡w F´m-bn-cn-¡-W-sa-¶p-apÅ \nÀtZ-i-§fpw\ÂIp-¶p-WvSv. AXn-ep-]cn Cu cq]-tc-J-I-fpsS \nb-a-]-c-amb km[p-X-sb-¡p-dn-¨pw, cq]o-I-cW{]{In-bbv¡v kwØm\þPn-Ãm-þ-{]m-tZ-inI Xe-§-fnÂ thWvS kwL-S\m kwhn-[m-\-s -¡p-dn¨pw`mKw I Â NÀ¨ sN¿p-¶p-WvSv. {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J, kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\cq]-tcJ F¶nh X¿m-dm-¡p¶ {]{In-b-sb-¡p-dn¨v bYm-{Iaw `mKw II epw III epw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p.]cn-]m-Sn-bpsS ka-b-{I-a-s -¡p-dn¨pw ]cn-io-e\ Bh-iy-§sf-¡p-dn¨pw `mKw IV Â hni-Zo-I-cn-¡p-¶p.hnI-k\ cq]-tc-Jbv¡p thWvS hnh-c-§Ä, hnhn[ kÀth-I-fpsS coXn-im-kv{Xw, hni-I-e-\w,cq]-tc-J-bpsS DÅ-S¡w XpS-§n-bh A\p-_Ôambn \ÂIn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. kwØm-\- msI ]cn-]mSnhnP-b-{]-Z-ambn \S-¸n-em-¡p-¶-Xn\v ka-{K-amb Cu ssI¸p-kvXIw klm-b-I-amIpw F¶pkqNn- n-¡m³ F\n¡v A`n-am-\-ap-WvSv. sImÃw PnÃ-bnse ss]eäv t{]mP-IvSnsâ hnP-b-I-c-amb\nÀh-l-W- nÂ DÄs -Sp-I-bpw, Cu ssI¸p-kvXIw ka-b-_-Ôn-X-ambn X¿m-dm-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶-Xn\vBßmÀ°-ambn ]cn-{i-an¨ FÃm-h-scbpw A`n-\-µn-¡m\pw Cu Ah-kcw hn\n-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶p.

Cu¸³ hÀKokvNo^v Su¬ ¹m\À

?A²ymbw I : hntI-{µo-IrXmkq-{XW {]{In-b-bnÂØe-]cmkq-{X-W- nsâ ]¦v

?A²ymbw II : hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ-IÄ

? A²ymbw III : kwL-S\m kwhn-[m\w

?A²ymbw I : hntI-{µo-IrXmkq-{XW {]{In-b-bnÂØe-]cmkq-{X-W- nsâ ]¦v

?A²ymbw II : hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ-IÄ

? A²ymbw III : kwL-S\m kwhn-[m\w

hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡Â

3

A²ymbw I

hntI-{µo-IrXmkq-{XW {]{In-b-bnÂ Øe-]cmkq-{X-W-¯nsâ ]¦v1.1. Bkq-{XW {]{Inb Cý-bnÂ

tI{µo -Ir -Xmkq-{XW k{¼-Zm -b-amWv Cý-bnÂA\p-hÀ¯n¨p t]m¶n-cp-¶-Xv. tI{µo-Ir-X- Bkq-{XW k{¼-Zm-b¯nÂ ]²Xn cq]-hÂ¡-cW {]{In-b ‘apI-fnÂ \n¶p Xmtg¡v’F¶ coXn-bn-em-bn-cp¶p. XXv -e-ambn P\-§-fpsS ]¦m-fn¯wan¡-t¸mgpw Ah-K-Wn-¡s¸«p. Cý-sb-t¸msebpÅ HcpP\m-[n-]Xy cmjv{S- nÂ CXv A`n-e-j-Wo-b-aÃ. AXn-ep-]cn,hnI-k\ taJe Xncn v hnlnXw \o¡n hbv¡p¶ coXnbpamWvCý-bnse Bkq-{XW k{¼-Zmb¯nÂ Ah-ew-_n¨p t]m¶-Xv.X¶n-an¯w h³ \K-c-§-fnÂ km¼-¯nI {]hÀ¯-\-§ÄAan-X-ambn tI{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶ AhØ-bp-WvSm-bn. Cu Ak- p-enX hnI-k-\- n\p ImcWw km¼- n-Im-kq-{X-W- nÂ Øe-]-c- Bkq-{XWw thWvS{X ]cn-K-Wn-¡msX h¶XmWv. C§-s\-bpÅ {]iv\-§sf A[n-I-cn¨p \S¶ \nc-h[n NÀ -I-fpsSASn-Ø-m-\-¯n-emWv Bkq-{XW k{¼-Zmbw hntI-{µo-I-cn-¡m-\pÅ ]cn-{i-a-§Ä DWvSm-b-Xv.

Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-§Ä¡v cWLS-\m-]-c-ambØm\w \ÂIn-sImWvSv 1992 Unkw-_À 22\v 73 Dw 74Dw`cWLS\m t`Z-KXn \nb-a-§Ä \ne-hnÂ h¶-XmWv Cý-bnsehntI-{µo-Ir-Xm-kq-{XW Ncn-{X-¯nse ]c-a-{]-[m-\-amb kw`-hw.Xt±i kzbw-`-cW Øm]-\-§Ä¡v IrXy-\nÀh-lW]chpw[\-]c-hp-amb A[n-Im-c-§Ä ssIam-dp-¶-Xn\p e£yw h¨psImWvSpÅ Cu \nb-a-§Ä 1993 G{]nÂ 30 se tI{µ-kÀ¡mÀKk-änÂ hnÚm-]\w sN¿-s¸-«p. Xt±i kzbw`cWØm]-\-§Ä¡v `cWLS-\m-]-c-amb \nb-a-km-[pX \ÂIp¶Cu \S-]Sn cmPys¯ P\m-[n -]Xy hntI-{µo-I-c-Ws¯kw_-Ôn- n-S-t¯mfw Hcp \mgn-I-¡-Ãmbn amdn. ‘Xmsg-\n¶papI-fn-te¡v’ F¶ kao-]-\- nÂ A[n-jvTn-X-amb hntI-{µo-Ir-Xm-kq-{XW k{¼-Zmbw ssIs¡m-Åm³ CtXmsS H¼Xmw]²-Xn-bpsS XpS-¡-¯nÂ Xs¶ kwØm-\-§Äs¡ÃmwAh-kcw ssIh-cp-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. F¶mÂ CtX-Xp-SÀ¶v cmPy vHä-s¸« ]co-£-W-§fpw hnZ-Kv²-cpsS ssk²m-ńI Bhn-jv¡-c-W-§fpw Ht«sd \S-¡p-I-bp-WvSm-sb-¦n-epw, `cWLS\mt`Z-KXn \nb-a-§-fnÂ hn`m-h\w sNbvXXp t]mse-bpÅ {]mcw`\S-]-Sn-IÄ an¡ kwØm-\-§fpw ssIs¡m-Åp-I-bp-WvSm-bn-Ã.

k w Ø m - \ ¯ vCXn-\Iw \ne-hnÂ h¶hntI-{µo -Ir -Xm -kq - {XW{] {I n -b - sb -¡p - d n¨ p w ,AXnsâ t]mcm -b va -I -sf-¡p-dn¨pw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p -I-bmWv Cu A²ym-b- nÂ.hntI-{µo -Ir -Xm -kq -{X-W-¯nsâ ]Ým-¯-e-¯nÂØe-]cmkq-{XW¯nsâBh-iy-I-X-sb-¡p-dn-¨pÅAt\zj-W-hpw, AXnsâ\nba km[p-X-sb-¡p-dn- pÅNÀ¨bpw ChnsS \S- p-¶p.hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-bpsSsImÃw amXr-Ibpw ChnsSAh-tem-I\w sN¿p-¶p.


4

1.2 Bkq-{XW {]{Inb tIc-f- nÂaäp kwØm-\-§-fn -se-¶-t]mse

tIc-f-¯nepw F«mw ]©-h-Õc ]²Xnhscbpw ‘apI-fnÂ \n¶p Xmtg¡v’ F¶ \ne-bn-epÅ Bkq-{XW {]{In-b-bmWv Ah-ew-_n- n-cp-¶Xv. `cWLS\m t`ZKXn \nb-a-§-sf- p-SÀ¶v tIcf \nb-a-k- , kwØm-\¯vap³Im-e-§-fnÂ \ne-hn-ep-WvSm-bn-cp¶ \nb-a-§Ä Akm-[p-hm-¡ns¡mWvSv, 1994 se tIcf]©m-b v cmPv \nb-a-hpw, tIcf ap\n-kn- m-en-än \nb-ahpw ]mÊm-¡p-I-bp-WvSm-bn. Cu\nb-a-§-fnse hyh-Ø-IÄ A\p-k-cn¨v{Kma-þ- t»m-¡v-þ-PnÃ F¶o aq¶p X«p-I-fnÂ]©m-b- p-IÄ, \K-c-{]-tZ-i-§-fnÂ ap\n-kn-¸Â Iu¬knÂ/ tImÀ¸-td-j³ F¶nh]p\:kwL-Sn- n-¡p-I-bpw, 1995 Â Chbnte¡pÅ sXc-sª-Sp¸v \S-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXp.CtXmsS hntI-{µo-Ir-Xm-kq-{XW {]{In-bbv¡vBh-iy-amb \nb-a ]n³_ew e`n- p. H¼Xmw]²-Xnsb LS-\m-]-c-ambn ‘P\-Iob ]²Xn’F¶ \ne-bnÂ IWvSv, 1996 BKÌv 17 \v{]N-cW amXr -I -bnÂ (Campaign model)

‘P\-Io-bm-kq-{XWw’ F¶ ]pXnb Bkq-{XW{]{In-bbv¡v XpS¡w Ipdn-¨p.

1.2.1 H¼Xmw ]©-h-Õc ]²Xn þ P\-Iob ]²Xn

{]mtZ-inI hnI-k-\- n\v {]Xn-Iq-e-ambn\ne-\n-¶n-cp¶ ià-amb {]h-W-X-IsfCÃmbva sN¿pI F¶-Xm-bn-cp¶p P\-Io-bm-kq-{X-W- nsâ ASn-Øm\ e£yw. {lkz-Im-e-þ-ZoÀL-Ime e£y-§fpw AXn\v DWvSm-bn-cp-¶p.

lrkzIme e£y-§-fnÂ apJy-am-bhCh-bm-bn-cp-¶p:? ? ? Irjn, arK-kw-c-£-Ww, aÕy-_-Ô-\w,

sNdp-InS hyh-kmbw XpS-§nb hnhn[D]-ta-J-e-I-fpsS ]p\-cp-Öoh-\- n-eqsSDev]m-Z\ taJe A`n-hr-²n-s -Sp- pI.

? ? ? tkh\ taJ-e-bpsS KpW\ne-hmcwsa¨-s¸-Sp-¯p-I.

{][m-\-s¸« ZoÀL-Ime e£y-§ÄCh-bm-bn-cp¶p? ? ? kwØm-\- nsâ ka{K hnI-k-\- n-

\m-bpÅ kao-]-\- nÂ hym]-I-ambamä-§Ä krjvSn-¡pI

? ? ? kmaq-ly-þ-cm-{ãob sshhn-[y-§Ä¡p-]cn, {]mtZ-inI hnI-k-\- n-\mbnHcp hnI-k\ kwkvImcw cq]-s -Sp- p-I.1996 Â {Kma / hmÀUv k`m kwLm-

S\w apXÂ 1997 Â ]²Xn kwtbm-P\w hscGgp L«-§-fm-bmWv kwØm\ Bkq-{XWt_mÀUnsâ B`n-ap-Jy-¯nÂ P\-Io-bm-kq-{XW {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä \S-¶-Xv. \ne-hnseØm]\ kwhn-[m-\-§-fpsS tijn At§-bäw hÀ²n¸nt¡WvSXv ]c-a-{]-[m-\am-b-Xn-\mÂ, sXc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸« P\{]Xn-\n-[n-IÄ¡pw, P\-Io-bm-kq-{XW ]cn-]m-Sn-bnÂDÄs¸« DtZym-KØÀ¡pw XpS¡w apXÂ¡pXs¶ hym]-I-amb ]cn-io-e\w \ÂIp-I-bp-WvSm-bn. AtXm-sSm¸w {Kma / hmÀUv k`-I-fn-eqsS Bkq-{XW {]{In-b-bnÂ P\-§-fpsS{]Xy£ ]¦m-fn- hpw Dd- m-¡n.

XpSÀ¶v {]IrXn hn -h-§fpw am\-h-ti-jnbpw hkvXp\njvT-ambn Xn«-s -Sp- p-¶-Xn-\mbn ]¦m-fn¯]c-amb At\Iw ]T-\-§ÄkwL-Sn- n- p. ZznXob hnhctiJ-cWw \S-¯p-I, ]cn-tOZ ]cy-S\¯n-eqsS (transect walk)

{]tZ-i-¯nsâ `qan -im-kv{Xhpw {]IrXnk¼¯pw ]T\ hnt[-b-am-¡p-I, {Kma/ hmÀUvk`m dnt¸mÀ«p-IÄ t{ImUo-I-cn-¡pI F¶n-h-bm-bn-cp¶p {][m-\-ambpw {]kvXpX ]T\{]hÀ¯-\-§fnÂ DÄs¡m-Ån-¨n-cp-¶Xv.CXnsâ ASn-Øm-\- nÂ Hmtcm Xt±i`cWØm]-\hpw A©p hÀjs¯ ka{K hnI-k\ ]cn-t{]-£y-t¯m-Sp IqSnb hnI-k\ tcJ-IÄ X¿m-dm-¡n. Cu tcJ Hcp hnI-k\ skan-\m-dnÂ Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw XpSÀ¶v {Kma/hmÀUv k`-I-fnÂ hmÀjnI ]²-Xn-IÄ¡vcq]w \ÂIp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

t{]mP-IvSp-IÄ X¿m-dm-¡n-bXpw Aht{ImUo-I-cn- Xpw hnhn[ hnI-k\ taJ-e-I-fnse IÀ½ kan-Xn-IÄ (]¯mw ]²-Xn-bnÂhÀ¡nwKv {Kq¸p-IÄ) Bbn-cp-¶p. CXn-\m-h-iy-amb


5

kmt¦-XnI klmbw \ÂIn-bXv hnhn[Xe-§-fnse hnZKv² kan-Xn-IÄ (]¯mw]²-Xn-bnÂ sSIv\n-¡Â AssUz-kdn I½n-än-IÄ) Bbn-cp-¶p. hmÀjnI ]²-Xn¡v {Kma /hmÀUv k`-IÄ cq]w \ÂIp-I-bpw, PnÃmBkq-{XW kanXn AwKo-Imcw \ÂIp-I-bpw,Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\w \S-¸n-em-¡p-Ibpw tamWn-«À sN¿p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ Xc-¯nÂ Xmsg X«nÂ ]pXnb Hcp Bkq-{XWcoXn¡v A§s\ XpS-¡-am-bn.

1.2.2 ]¯mw ]©-h-Õc ]²XnhntI-{µo-Ir-Xm-kq-{XW {]{In-bsb

Øm]\hÂ¡-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\mWv ]¯mw ]©-h-Õc ]²Xn cq]o-I-c-W-¯nÂ Du¶Â\ÂIn-b-Xv. P\-Io-bm-kq-{XW {]{In-b-bpsSKpW-]-c-amb t\«-§sf kzmwio-I-cn¨pw,AhnsS h¶ sXäp-IÄ Hgn-hm-¡n-bpw, A[n-I-ambn tNÀt¡WvS Bh-iy-§fpw Xmev]-cy-§fpw ]cn-K-Wn- pw hntI-{µo-Ir-X-B-kq-{XW{]{In-bsb Øm]-\-h-Xv¡-cn-¡m³ Dt±-in- -Xv.AXp-hgn IqSp-XÂ e-{]-Zhpw Imcy-£-ahpwP\-§Ä¡p {]m]y -am -bXpw Ah-tcmS v{]Xn-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-amb {]mtZ-inI kÀ¡mÀBhnÀ`-hn¡pw F¶p {]Xo-£n-¨p.

]¯mw ]©-h-Õc ]²-Xn -bpsSImX-emb e£y-§Ä Ch-bm-bn-cp-¶p:? ? ? sXmgn-e-h-k-c-§-fpsS krjvSn¡pw

Zmcn-{Zy-e-Lq-I-c-W-¯n\pw Du¶Â\ÂIn Irjn, A\p-_Ô taJ-e-IÄ,]c-¼-cm-K-X-þ-sN-dp-InS hyh-km-b-§ÄF¶n-h-bnÂ Dev]m-Z-\hpw Dev]m-Z-\-£-a-Xbpw hÀ[n¸n¨v {]mtZ-inIkm¼- nI hnI-k\w t{]mÕm-ln- n-¡p-I.

? ? ? kmaqly \oXn Dd¸p hcp-¯p-I-bpw,kv{Xoþ-]p-cpj Ak-aXzw eLq-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-I.

? ? ? {]IrXn hn -h-§-fpsS ]cn-]m-e-\- nepwkwtbm-PnX hnI-k-\- nepw Du¶Â\ÂIp-I.

? ? ? {]mtZ-inI kÀ¡m-cp-IÄ {]Zm\wsN¿p¶ tkh-\-§-fpsS KpW-\n-e-hmcw

hÀ[n- n-¡p-I. {]tXy-In- pw, Btcm-Kyw,hnZym- ym-kw, IpSn-sh-Åw, Jc-am-en\y]cn-]m-e\w DÄs¸-sS-bpÅ ipNn-Xzw,imco-cn-Ihpw am\-kn-I-hp-amb shÃp-hn-fn -IÄ t\cn-Sp¶hcpsS t£awF¶n-hbv¡v {]m[m\yw \ÂIp-I.

? ? ? {]Xn-I-cW tijn, kpXm-cy-X, P\-]-¦-mfn-¯w, amt\-Pvsaâv F¶n-hbv¡v{]m[m\yw \ÂIn `cW kwhn-[m\wsa¨-s¸-Sp-¯p-I.

? ? ? hn`-h-§sf Gsd Imcy-£-a-ambnD]-tbmKn-¡pIhÀ¡nwKv {Kq v dnt¸mÀ«v X¿m-dm-¡Â,

{Kma /hmÀUv k`m tbmK-§Ä, hnI-k\ X{´wBhn-jv¡-cn-¡Â, t{]mP-IvSp-IÄ X¿m-dm-¡Â,]²Xn cq]o-I-c-Ww, ]²Xn ]cn-tim-[-\,kmt¦-XnI AwKo-Imcw F¶n-h-bmbncp¶p]¯mw ]©hÕc ]²-Xn-bnse hmÀjnI]²Xn cq]o-I-c-W- nsâ {][m\ L«-§Ä.

1.2.3. t]mcmbvaIÄPnÃm Xe-¯nepw {]mtZ-inI Xe-

¯nepw X¿m-dm-¡-s¸« hnhn[ tcJ-I-fnÂ{]Xn-]m-Zn¨ {]hÀ -\-§-fn-eq-sSbpw t{]mP-IvSp-I-fn-eq-sS-bp-amWv hntI-{µo-Ir-Xm-kq-{XW{]{In-b- {]hr¯n]Y- nÂ sImWvSp-h-¶-Xv.A§s\bmWv, ssIam-dn-s¡m-Sp¯ A[n-Im-c-§-fpsS \nÀh-l-Ww km[y-am-bXpw. Xt±ikzbw`cW Øm]-\-§Ä X¿m-dm¡nb hnI-k\ tcJ-IÄ (]¯mw ]²-Xn-bnÂ hnI-k\ImgvN- mSv tcJ-IÄ), ]²Xn tcJ-IÄ F¶n-hbpw PnÃm Bkq-{XW kan-Xn-IÄ X¿m-dm-¡nb PnÃm ]²-Xn-I-fp-amWv Cu tcJ-IÄ.

CtXm-sSm¸w Xs¶ KWy-amb uXnIt\«-§fpw hntI-{µo-Ir-Xm-kq-{XW {]{In-b-bn-eqsS ssIh-cn-¡m³ Ign-ªn-«p-sWvS-¶Xv HcphkvXp-X-bm-Wv. F¶n-cn-¡nepw hntI{µo-Ir-Xm-kq-{XW {]{In-b-bn-epw, {]{In-b-bn-eqsSDcp- n-cnª e-§-fnepw Nne t]mcm-bva-IÄ\ne-\nÂ¡p-¶p-WvSv. {][m\ t]mcm-bva-IÄCh-bm-Wv :


6

? ? ? taJe Xncn v hnlnXw hI-bn-cp- p¶coXn-bmWv Chn-sSbpw A\p-hÀ¯n-¨n-«pÅ-Xv. Hcp {]tZ-i¯v tI{µo-I-cn-¡p¶ FÃm k¼Zv taJ-e-Ifp-sSbpwsam¯-¯n-epÅ {]hÀ¯-\-§sfASn-Øm-\-am¡n thWw B {]tZ-i-¯nsâ {]hÀ¯\ kz`mhw Xocp-am-\n-t¡-WvS-Xv. AXn-\mÂ Hcp {]tZ-i-¯nsâ hnI-k\w km[y-am-I-W-sa-¦nÂaÀ½ {][m-\-amb Nne taJ-e-I-sf-¦nepw Ah-[m\]qÀhw AhnsSkwtbm-Pn-¸n-t¡-WvS-Xp-WvSv. hnhn[hnI -k\ taJ-e -IÄ¡m-bpÅhyXykvX hÀ¡nwKv {Kq¸p-I-fm-WtÃmCt¸mÄ hmÀjnI t{]mP-IvSp-IÄ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xv.AXpsImWvSpXs¶ Ah Hmtcm¶pwHä-s¸« ]²-Xn-I-fmbn \ne-sIm-Åp-¶p,Hcn-¡epw kwtbm-Pn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã.

? ? ? hnI-k\ t{]mP-IvSp-IÄ cq]-hÂ¡-cn-¡p-¶-Xn\p ap¼v Bkq-{XW hnt[-b-am -Ip¶ {]tZ-i-¯nsâ hnI-k\{]iv\-§-sf-¡p-dn¨pw hnI-k\ km[y-X-I-sf-¡p-dn¨pw hni-Z -amb ]T\w\S-t¯-WvSXv hfsc Bh-iy-am-Wv.F¶mÂ an¡-t¸mgpw Bg-¯n-epÅ]T-\tam A]-{K-Y-\tam \S¯n-bÃ]²-Xn-IÄ cq]o-I-cn-¨n-«p-Å-Xv.

? ? ? hnI-k\ {]hÀ -\-§Ä¡pÅ Øm\w\nÀW-bn-t¡-WvSXv imkv{Xo-b-ambam\-Z-WvU-§-fpsS ASn-Øm-\- nÂBbn-cn-¡-Ww. an¡-t¸mgpw {]mtZ-inIXmev]-cy-§Ä¡mWv Ct¸mÄ taÂssIIn«n-¡m-Wp-¶-Xv.

? ? ? hmÀUv Xe- ntem Xt±i kzbw`cWØm]\ Xe-¯ntem DÅ t{]mP-IvSp-I-sf-¡mÄ {Kma/hmÀUv k`-I-fnÂ{]mapJyw e`n-¡p-¶-Xv hyàn-KXB\p-Iq-ey-§Ä¡m-sW¶p ImWmw.ka{K hnI-k\ kao-]\w thWvS{XCÃ F¶-Xnsâ kqN-\-bm-WnXv.

? {]mtZ -i nI Xe -¯nÂ hnI -k\t{]mP-IvSp-IÄ Bhn-jv¡-cn-¡p-t¼mÄPnÃ-bpsS sam - n-epÅ hnI-k-\m-h-iy-§Ä IW-¡n-se-Sp-¡p-¶-tX-bn-Ã.PnÃm-Xe hnI-k\ ImgvN-¸m-SnsâASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ {]mtZ-inI Xe- nÂhnI-k\ ImgvN- mSv cq]o-I-cn-¡p-¶nÃF¶-Xnsâ kqN-\-bm-Wn-Xv.

? ? ? taJ-e-Xn-cn¨v hnlnXw \o¡n-h-bv¡p-¶-Xn-\mÂ, apXÂap-S¡nsâ Øe-]-c-ambkzm[o\w ]cn-K-Wn-¡-s -Sp-¶n-Ã. AXn-\mÂBkq-{XnX hnI-k\w XS-Ê-s¸-Sp-¶p.taJ-em-Sn -Øm-\-¯n-epÅ Hä-s¸«hnI-k\ kao-]-\-s¯-¡mÄ ka{KhnI-k\ kao-]-\-am-WtÃm A`n-Im-ayw.

? ? ? t{]mPIvSv IsWvS- p-¶Xpw cq]o-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-saÃmw hfsc Npcp-§nbIme-b-f-hn-\p-Ån-em-Wv. hn]p-e-amb]T-\-§-fneqsSbpw A]-{K-Y-\-§-fneq-sSbpw kwtbm-PnX hnI-k\ ImgvN- m-SvBhn-jv¡-cn-¨nsÃ¦nÂ, ]e-t¸mgpwA{]-[m-\hpw {]tbm-K£-a-X-bn-Ãm--Xp-amb t{]mP-IvSp-Ifmhpw cq]o-I-cn¡-s -SpI. ^e-tam, km¼- nI hn -h-§-fpsS Zpcp-]-tbm-Khpw.Npcp¡n¸d-ªmÂ, taÂ kqNn-¸n¨

t]mcm-bva-I-sfÃmw Øe kw_Ôamb HcpkwtbmPnX hnI -k\ Img vN -¸m -S nsâBh-iy-I-X-bn-te-¡mWv hncÂ NqWvSp-¶-Xv.Cu ImgvN-¸m-Sm-Is«, Xt±i kzbw`cWØm]\ {]tZ-i¯v Gähpw A\p-tbm-Py-ambt{]mP-IvSp-IÄ Bhn-jv¡-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅamÀ¤tcJbmbn hÀ¯n-¡p-I-bpw, ]²Xncq]o-I-c-W-¯nÂ Hcp k¼qÀ® kao-]\wssIs¡m-Åm³ t{]c-I-amIpIbpw sN¿pw.


7

1.3 Øe-]cmkq-{X-W- nsâ Bh-iy-IXØe]cmkq-{X-W-¯nsâ Bh-iy-IX F´m-sW¶v

1988 Â \mj-WÂ I½o-j³ Hm¬ AÀ_-ss\-tk-j³ IrXy-ambn IsWvS- n-bn-«p-WvSv. AXv ChnsS D²-cn-¡p¶p: “HmtcmapXÂap-S¡n\pw, apXÂapS¡p-¶Xv GXv taJ-e-bn-em-bm-epw,hyà-amb uXnI {]I-S-\hpw qan-im-kv{X-]-c-amb Øm\hpwDWvSv. IqSm-sX, hnI-k\{]tNmZ\-§-fpsS Hcp ]c-¼c krjvSn-¡p-Ibpw CXv aäp taJ-e-I-fnÂ A\p-c-W\w DWvSm-¡p-IbpwXXv^-e-ambn Hcp Øe-]c cq]amXr-I-bnÂ F¯n-t¨cp-IbpwsN¿p-¶p.” DZm-l-c-W- n\v Hcp Pe-tk-N\ ]²Xn (Ir-jn-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸« Hcp henb -AW-s¡-«v) bnse apXÂap-S-¡n\vaäp taJ-eI-fn-epÅ kzm[o\w ]cn-tim-[n-¡mw. aäp taJ-e-I-fnÂ Df-hm-¡p¶ kzm[o-\s¯ cWvSp L«-§-fmbn Xncn¡mwþBZy-t¯Xv AW-s¡-«nsâ \nÀ½mW thf-bpw, cWvSm-a-t¯Xv\nÀ½mWw ]qÀ¯o-I-cn- -Xn\p tij-hpw. BZy-L-«- nÂ, AW-s¡-«nsâ kw`-c-Wn-bm-Ip¶ {]tZ-i¯v Xma-kn-¡p-¶-hscAhnsS \n¶v Hgn-¸n-t¡-WvSn-h-cpw. A§s\ Hgn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp¶hÀ¡mbn Hcp ]p\-c-[n-hmk ]²-Xn¡v cq]w \ÂIp-IbpwCXv Øe-]-c-amb Hcp ]pXnb {Iaw krjvSn-¡p-IbpwsN¿p-¶p. Cu {]hÀ -\- n\v Øe-]cmkq-{XW taJ-e-bp-am-bpÅ GtIm-]\w Bh-iy-am-Wv. F¶mÂ AsXm«p {]tbm-K- nÂ sImWvSp-h-¶n-«p-an-Ã. (Nn{Xw 1.1)

hnI-k\ {]tNm-Z-\-§-fpsS aq¶p ]c-¼cI-fmWv cWvSm-as¯ L«w krjvSn-¡p-¶-Xv. Ch-bnÂ BZyt¯Xv Pe-ssh-ZypX ]²-Xn-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸« DuÀtÖm-ev]m-Z-\-am-Wv. CXn\vDuÀÖ taJ-e-bp-ambn GtIm-]\w Bh-iy-am-Wv. cWvSm-a-t¯Xv Pe tIfn-I-fp-sSbpw hnt\mZ k©m-c- n-sâbpw hnI-k-\-am-Wv. CXn-\m-Is« hnt\mZ k©mc taJ-e-bp-am-bpÅGtIm-]\w thWw. ]c-¼-c-bnÂ aq¶m-a-t¯Xpw Ah-km-\-t¯Xpw ImÀjnI hnI-k\¯n\v apXÂIq-«m-Ip¶p. ChnsSHcp-h-i- v, DuÀÖnX Irjn apd-Isf XpSÀ¶v Irjn Øe-¯nsâ hnkvXoÀ®w hÀ²n-¡p-¶-X-\p-k-cn¨v hfw, ImÀjn-tIm-]-I-c-W-§Ä XpS§n Irjn¡p thWvS km[\ kma-{Kn-I-sfms¡ IqSp-X-embn thWvSn hcp-¶p. CXv hyh-kmb hnI-k-\- n-te¡p \bn-¡p-Ibpw X¶n-an¯w hyh-kmbtaJ-ebp-am-bpÅ GtIm-]\w Bh-iy-ambn hcn-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. AtX kabw adp-h-i-¯v, ImÀjn-tIm-ev]-¶-§Ä A[n-I-ambn Dev]m-Zn- n-¡-s -Sp-¶Xn-\mÂ kw -cW ime-I-fpw, Dev]¶ kwkv¡-cW tI{µ-§-fpw hn]-W\ tI{µ-§fpwtdmUp-Ifpw Bh-iy-ambn hcp -¶p . CXnsâ ^e -ambnkwkv¡-c -W -þ -h n -] -W\

“Hmtcm apXÂap-S¡n\pw,apXÂapS¡p-¶Xv GXv taJ-e-bn-em-bm-epw, hyà-amb`uXnI {]I-S-\hpw `qan-im-kv {X -] -c -amb Øm\hpwDWvSv. IqSm-sX, CXv hnI-k\{]tNmZ\-§-fpsS Hcp ]c-¼c krjvSn-¡p-Ibpw aäptaJ-e-I-fnÂ A\p-c-W\wDWvSm-¡p-Ibpw XXv -e-ambnHcp Øe-]c cq]amXr-I-bnÂF¯n-t¨cp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.”


8

Nn{Xw 1.1 Hcp Pe-tk-N\ ]²-Xn-bnse apXÂap-S¡n\v _Ô-s¸« aäp taJ-e-I-fn-epÅ kzm[o\w

hnt\mZ k©mctaJ-e-bp-am-bpÅGtIm-]-\- nsâ

Bh-iy-IX

Pe sshZypXnDev]m-Z\w

Øe-]cmkq{XWhpam-bpÅGtIm-]-\- nsâ Bh-iy-IX

H¶mw L«w

hfw, ImÀjn-tIm-]-I-c-W-§ÄXpS§n Irjn-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸«

km[\ kma-{Kn-I-sfÃmw IqSp-X-embnthn hcp¶p

Dev]¶ kwkvI-c-Ww, hn]-W\ tI{µ§Ä

F¶n-h-bpsShnI-k\w

A[n-hmk tI{µ§-fpsS {]hÀ¯\ kz`m-h- nepw, {Ia- n-epw, Øe-]c cq]-am-Xr-I-I-fnepw KXm-KX

irwJ-e-I-fnepw Dm-Ip¶ amä-§Ä

\nÀ½mW tijwAW-s¡-«nsâ \nÀ½mWthf

]p\-c-[n-hmk ]²-Xn-bpsS Bh-iy-IX

{Kma¯nsâ ØnXn-bn-epÅ amäw,{Kma hmkn-Isf Hgn- n-¡Â

Pe-tIfn-IÄ¡pwhnt\m-Z-k-©m-c-n-\p-apÅ km[yX

DuÀÖtaJebpam-bpÅGtIm-]-\- nsâ

Bh-iy-IX

ImÀjnI hnI-k\w

Irjn-bnÂ A[n-tIm-ev]m-Z\w

hyh-kmb hnI-k\w

hyh-kmb taJ-e-bp-am-bpÅGtIm-]-\- nsâ

Bh-iy-IX

kw -cW ime, Dev]¶ kwkv¡-c-Ww, hn]-W-\w, tdmUp-IÄ F¶nh thn hcp¶p

KXm-KX taJ-e-bp-am-bpÅGtIm-]-\- nsâ

Bh-iy-IX

Hcp Pe-tk-N\ ]²Xnbnse (A-W-s¡-«v) apXÂap-S¡v

cmw L«w

hnt\mZ k©mctaJ-e-bp-am-bpÅGtIm-]-\- nsâ

Bh-iy-IX

Pe sshZypXnDev]m-Z\w

Øe-]cmkq{XWhpam-bpÅGtIm-]-\- nsâ Bh-iy-IX

H¶mw L«w

hfw, ImÀjn-tIm-]-I-c-W-§ÄXpS§n Irjn-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸«

km[\ kma-{Kn-I-sfÃmw IqSp-X-embnthn hcp¶p

Dev]¶ kwkvI-c-Ww, hn]-W\ tI{µ§Ä

F¶n-h-bpsShnI-k\w

A[n-hmk tI{µ§-fpsS {]hÀ¯\ kz`m-h- nepw, {Ia- n-epw, Øe-]c cq]-am-Xr-I-I-fnepw KXm-KX

irwJ-e-I-fnepw Dm-Ip¶ amä-§Ä

\nÀ½mW tijwAW-s¡-«nsâ \nÀ½mWthf

]p\-c-[n-hmk ]²-Xn-bpsS Bh-iy-IX

{Kma¯nsâ ØnXn-bn-epÅ amäw,{Kma hmkn-Isf Hgn- n-¡Â

Pe-tIfn-IÄ¡pwhnt\m-Z-k-©m-c-n-\p-apÅ km[yX

DuÀÖtaJebpam-bpÅGtIm-]-\- nsâ

Bh-iy-IX

ImÀjnI hnI-k\w

Irjn-bnÂ A[n-tIm-ev]m-Z\w

hyh-kmb hnI-k\w

hyh-kmb taJ-e-bp-am-bpÅGtIm-]-\- nsâ

Bh-iy-IX

kw -cW ime, Dev]¶ kwkv¡-c-Ww, hn]-W-\w, tdmUp-IÄ F¶nh thn hcp¶p

KXm-KX taJ-e-bp-am-bpÅGtIm-]-\- nsâ

Bh-iy-IX

Hcp Pe-tk-N\ ]²Xnbnse (A-W-s¡-«v) apXÂap-S¡v

cmw L«w


9

Nn{Xw 1.2 Hcp {]tZ-is¯ ]pXnb Pe-tk-N\ ]²Xn

Nn{Xw 1.3 Øe-]cmkq-{X-W-¯n-eqsS {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\w

{]tZiw

]«Ww

A[n-hmk tI{µw Irjn -Øew

Pe-tk-N\]²Xn

{]tZiw

]«Ww

A[n-hmk tI{µw Irjn -Øew

Pe-tk-N\]²Xn

\Kc{]m´ N´

hyh-kmbhnI-k\w

]mÀ¸nShnI -k\w

\Kc hnI-k\w

{]mtZ-inIN´

hnt\mZ k©mchnI-k\w

\KcN´

ImÀjnI hnI-k\w

ImÀjnI hnI-k\w

]p\c[n-hmktI{µw

]mÀ¸nShnI -k\w

{]mtZ -inI km¼- nI hnI-k\w

\Kc{]m´ N´

hyh-kmbhnI-k\w

]mÀ¸nShnI -k\w

\Kc hnI-k\w

{]mtZ-inIN´

hnt\mZ k©mchnI-k\w

\KcN´

ImÀjnI hnI-k\w

ImÀjnI hnI-k\w

]p\c[n-hmktI{µw

]mÀ¸nShnI -k\w

{]mtZ -inI km¼- nI hnI-k\w


10

tI{µ-§Ä hnI-kn-¡p-¶p. A[n-hmk tI{µ-§-fpsS {]hÀ¯\kz`m-h- nepw (function) {Ia- nepw (heirarchy) Øe-]-c- cq]amXr-II-fn-ep-sams¡ (Spatial pattern) CtX XpSÀ¶v amä-§-fp-WvSm-Ip-¶p.CXv hn`m-h\w sN¿p-¶-Xn\v Øe-]cmkq-{XW coXn Bh-iy-ambn hcp-¶p. ]pXnb {KmaoW tdmUp-I-fpsS Znim\nÀ®-b-¯n\v KXm-KX taJ-e-bp-am-bpÅ GtIm-]-\hpw kwtbm-P-\hpwBh-iy-am-Wv. Imc-Ww, `qhn-\n-tbm-Khpw A[n-hmk tI{µ-§-fpsS {]tXy-I-X-Ifpw KXm-KX irwJ-e-I-fp-ambn At -Zy-amw-hn[w_Ô-s -«n-cn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\mÂ Øe-]cmkq-{XW taJ-e-bp-ambnGtIm-]\w thWvSn hcp-¶p. C§s\ Hcp taJ-e-bnse apXÂap-S¡v krjvSn-¡p¶ hnI-k\ {]tNm-Z\§fpsS ]c-¼c aäp taJ-e-I-fpsS {]hÀ¯-\-§sf F{X am{Xw kzm[o-\n-¡p¶p F¶pa\-Ên-em-¡m³ C\nbpw DZm-l-c-W-§Ä IsWvS- m-hp-¶-tX-bp-Åp.”

]pXnb Hcp Pe-tk-N\ ]²Xn I½o-j³ sNbvX Hcp{]tZ-i-amWv Nn{Xw 1.2 Â ImWn- n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. Cu ]²-Xn¡vaäp taJ-e-I-fn-epÅ kzm[o\w ]e Xc- nÂ \ap¡p k¦Â]n-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. ]²-Xn-bpsS ]qÀ¯o-I-c-W-¯n\p tijw{]tZ-i-¯n\v kw`-hn-¡m-\n-S-bpÅ amä-amWv Nn{Xw 1.3 ÂImWn- n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. CXv \nc-h[n km[y-X-I-fnÂ H¶p am{X-am-Wv.{]IrXn hn`-h-§-fp-sSbpw am\-h-ti-jnbpsSbpw e`y-X,{]mtZ-in-Im-h-iy-§Ä XpS§n At\Iw LS-I-§sf B{i-bn¨vC¯cw ]e hnI-k\ amXrIIfpw \ap¡p cq]-I-ev]\ sN¿m-hp-¶-XmWv. Cu Hcp DZm-l-c-W- n-eqsS Øe-]-cm-kq-{X-W- nsâ{]m[m\yw hyà-am-Ip-¶p. hnI-k\ tcJ-IÄ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-\mbn Øe-]-cm-kq-{XW coXn A\p-hÀ¯n-¡p-t¼mgpw Bh-iy-§-fp-sSbpw hn`-h-§-fp-sSbpw hne-bn-cp-¯Â Gähpw \¶mbn\S-¯m³ Ign-bp-¶Xv Xmsg X«n-em-Wv. {Kma /hmÀUp k`-IfpwhÀ¡nwKv {Kq¸p-Ifpw AXp \S-¯-Ww. Xt±i kzbw`cWØm]-\- nsâ cWkanXn AXn\v thZn-sbm-cp-¡p-Ibpw thWw.hn`-h-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨pw, Bh-iy-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨p-apÅ hne-bn-cp-¯-epw, \nt£-]-§Ä¡v aäp taJ-e-I-fn-ep-WvSm-Im-hp¶ kzm[o-\-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ ]T-\-hpw, {]tZ-i- nsâ hnI-k-\- n\v GähpwA\p-tbm-Py-amb Xc-¯n-epÅ {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä GsXm-s¡-bm-sW¶p \nÀW-bn-¡p-¶-Xn\v klm-b-I-am-Ipw.

Cu {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä¡v Gähpw A\p-tbm-Py-ambØe-§Ä GsX¶p \nÝ-bn-¡p-I-bmWv ASp¯ {][m\ ZuXyw.CXv {]tZ-i-¯nsâ `qhn-\n-tbmK coXn-Isf ]qÀW-ambpwB{i-bn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p; {]tXy-In¨pw tkh\ kuI-cy-§-fp-sSbpw]Ým-¯e kuI-cy-§-fp-sSbpw Imcy-¯nÂ. Øe]cmkq-{X-W- nsâ {]tbmKw Chn-sS-bmWv {]kà-am-Ip-¶Xv.

\nÀ±njvS {]tZ-i- v, \nÝnX ka-b v Øe-]-camb HcpA-\p-cq]{Iaw cq]-s -Sp- m³ DX-Ip¶ Xc¯nÂ hnI-k\]c-ambA\p-c-W-\§Ä krjvSn-¡p-¶-Xn\v Gähpw A\p-tbm-Py-am-bXvGXp-X -c -¯n -epÅ {]hÀ¯-\-§-fm -sW-¶pw, Ah-bpsS

?Bh-iy-§-fp-sSbpw hn`-h-§-fp-sSbpw hne-bn-cp-¯Â Gähpw \¶mbn\S-¯m³ Ign-bp-¶XvXmsg X«n-em-Wv. {Kma /hmÀUp k` -IfpwhÀ¡nwKv {Kq¸p-IfpwAXp \S- -Ww. hn -h-§-sf-¡p-dn- pw, Bh-iy-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨p-apÅ hne-bn-cp-¯-epw, \nt£-]-§Ä¡v aäp taJ-e-I-fn-ep-WvSm-Im-hp¶ kzm[o-\-s¯-¡p-dn -¨pÅ ]T-\-hpw, {]tZ-i- nsâ hnI-k-\- n\v Gähpw A\p-tbm-Py-amb Xc- n-epÅ{]hÀ¯-\-§Ä GsXm-s¡-bm-sW¶p \nÀW-bn-¡p-¶-Xn\v klm-b-I-am-Ipw.


11

Øm\-§Ä GsXms¡ Bbn -c n -¡ -W-sa¶pw \nÝ-bn-¡m³ Bkq-{Xn-X-amb CS-s]-S-ep-I-fn-eqsS km[y-amIpw F¶p hyà-am-Wv. Hcp {]tXyI {]hÀ¯-\-¯n-eqsSkrjvSn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ hnI-k\ {]tNm-Z-\§fpwAXnÂ \n¶p-S-se-Sp-¡p¶ Øe-]-c-ambcq]amXr-I-Ifpw ap³Iq«n ImWp-t¼mÄGähpw A\-tbm-Py-amb ImgvN- mSv cq]o-I-cn-¡m³ XoÀ¨-bmbpw km[n-¡pw. F¶mÂ\ne-hnse hntI-{µo-Ir-Xm-kq-{X-W {]{In-bbnÂ-Øe-]-cm-kq-{XW coXn Ah-ew-_n-¡p-¶-n-Ã.

1.4 Øe-]cmkq-{XWw þ {]mtZ-inI hnI-k-\- n-\pÅ ka{K kao-]\w

kzmX{ý e_v[n¡p tijw ZoÀLho£-W-t¯mSp IqSnb km¼- n-Im-kq-{X-W-¯nÂ GÀs -Sp-I-bpw, ]©-h-Õc ]²-Xn-I-fn-eqsS KWy-amb t\«-§Ä ssIh-cn-¡p-IbpwsNbvsX-¦nepw, cmPy¯p kw -hn¨p sImWvSn-cn-¡p¶ kmaq-ly-þ-km-¼- nI amä-§Ä hcp-¯p¶ ùXnI amä-§Ä¡v (Spatial Aspects)krjvSn-]-c-amb {]m[m-\y-sam¶pw \mw \ÂIn-bn-«n-Ã. Hcp {]tZ-i- nsâ {]hÀ¯\ kz -mhw\nÝ-bn-¡p-¶Xv B {]tZ-i¯v tI{µo-I-cn-¡p¶ FÃm k¼-Zv ta -J-e-I-fp -sSbpw{]hÀ¯-\-§sf ASn-Øm\am¡n-bm-W-tÃm.AXn-\mÂ Hcp {]tZ-i-¯nsâ hnI-k\wkm[y-am-I-W-sa-¦nÂ aÀ½ {][m-\-amb NnetaJ-e-I-sf-¦nepw Ah-[m\]qÀhw GtIm-]n-¸n-t¡-WvS-Xp-WvSv. Bkq-{XW ]cn-{i-a-§-fnÂA¯cw Hcp GtIm-]\w DWvSm-bn-cp-¶nÃF¶Xv \nkvXÀ¡-am-Wv. Cý-bnse alm\K-c-§Ä¡pw {Kma-§Ä¡pw at[y ØnXnsN¿p¶ Ahn-I-kn-X-amb CX-c -\-K-c-§Äan¡-h-bp-sSbpw DÛhw km¼- nI Imcy-§-tf-¡mÄ c-W-]-c-amb Imcy-§-fp-ambn _Ô-s -«mWv (\m-j-WÂ I½o-j³ Hm¬ AÀ_-ss\-tk-j³, 1988). AXn-\mÂ {]tZ-i-¯nsâkz`m-h- n\v A\p-kr-X-am-bn, aÀ½ {][m-\-amb Nne taJ-e-I-fp-sS-sb-¦nepw Ah-[m\]qÀh-amb GtIm-]-\-¯n-eqsS am{XtahntI-{µo -Ir -Xm -kq - {X -W-¯nsâ {][m\e£y-§-fn-sem-¶mb {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\wt\Sn-sb-Sp-¡m³ Ign-bp-I-bp-Åq. Ct¸mÄ

\ne-hn -epÅ taJ-em -Sn -Øm-\-¯n-epÅhntI-{µo-Ir-Xm-kq-{XWw bYmÀ°- nÂ hnL-SnX tI{µo-IrX Bkq-{X-W-am-sW¶pw(deconcentrated planning), icn-bmb hntI-{µo-Ir-Xm-kq-{XWw Øe-]cmkq-{XW kao-]-\- n-eqsS am{Xta ssIh-cn-¡m³ Ignbq F¶p-amWvCXn-\À°w. (Regional Development Dialogue, UNcentre for Regional Development, 1988) AXn-\mÂ{][m\ hnI-k\ taJ-e-Isf Htc kabwGtIm-]n-¸n-¡m-\m-hp¶ Øe-]cmkq-{XWkao-]-\- n-eqsS am{Xta {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\wt\Sn-sb-Sp-¡m-\m-hq.

hyXy-kvX-amb asämcp ho£-W- nsâASn -Øm-\ -¯nepw \ap¡v CXp NÀ¨sN¿m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. \K-c-sa-t¶m, {Kma-sat¶mDÅ hyXymkw IW-¡n-se-Sp-¡msX FÃmA[n-hmk tI{µ-§Ä¡pw Bkq-{XnXhnI-k\w AXy- m-t]-£n-X-am-sW¶p ImWmw.\K-c-ambmepw \m«n³ ]pd-ambmepw hnhn[hnI-k\ taJ-e-IÄ ]c-kv]c _Ôn-X-am-Wv,AtXmsSm¸w Cu taJ-e-Ifpw qhn-\n-tbm-Kw,`qan -bp -sSbpw shÅ-¯n-sâbpw e`y-X,`qan-bpsS InS v XpS-§nb ]e LS-I-§-fp-w]c-kv]cw _Ô-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\mÂhyXykvX hnI-k\ taJ-e-Isf ZoÀL-Ime]cn-t{]-£y-t¯msS kwtbm-Pn- n p sImWvSv\Kc/ {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ ]²-Xn-IÄ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn\v hf-sc-tbsd {]m[m-\y-ap-WvSv.A¯c¯nepÅ Hcp Øe-]c ]²-Xnsb{]mam-Wn-I-ambn hnI-k\ cq]tcJ- AYhmamÌÀ ¹m³ Ft¶m hnfn-¡p-¶p.

1.5 Øe-]cmkq - {XW ]cn - {i -a -§Ä tIc-f-¯nÂ

cmPy¯v asä-hn-sSbpw F¶-t]msetIc-f- nepw cWvSp kam- c Zni-I-fn-emWvBkq-{XW ]cn-{i-a-§Ä \S¶p sImWvSn-cn-¡p -¶-X v . H¶v , kwØm\ Bkq- {XWt_mÀUnsâ t\Xr-Xz-¯n-epÅ km¼-¯n-Im-kq-{XWw (]-©-h-Õc ]²Xn cq]o-I-c-Ww). aä-Xv,\K-c -þ - {Km -am -kq-{XW hIp¸v \S-¯p¶Øe-]cmkq-{X-Ww. taJ-em-Sn-Øm-\-¯nÂhnlnXw \o¡n-h-bv¡p¶ kao-]-\-amWvkm¼-¯n-Im-kq-{X-W-¯nÂ ssIs¡m-Åp-¶-sX-¶n-cn-s¡, Øe-]cmkq-{XW ]cn-{i-a-§Ä


12

\Kc {]tZ-i-§-fnÂ am{X-ambn ]cn-an-X-s -Sp-¯n-bn-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. hnI-kt\m·pJ Øe-]cmkq-{X-W-s¯ (developmental spatial planning)Bkv]-Z-am¡n At\Iw \K-c-Im-cy-Øm-]-\-§Ä¡p thWvSn amÌÀ ¹m\p-IÄ X¿m-dm-¡s¸«n-«pWvSv. F¶mÂ Ch-bpsS cq]o-I-c-W- nÂ ê-{]-Z-amb P\-]-¦m-fn¯w DWvSm-bn-«n-Ã. ]©-h-Õc ]²-Xn-I-fp-ambn Chsbkwtbm-Pn- n-¡m\pw Ign-ªn-«n-Ã.

tIc-f-¯nÂ H¼Xmw ]©-h-Õc]²-Xn-¡m-e- m-WtÃm hntI-{µo-Ir-Xm-kq-{XW{]{Inb Bcw-`n-¨-Xv. AXpambn _Ô-s¸«v\qX-\-amb ]e {]hÀ -\-§-fpw \S- n-em-¡n-b-Xn-\mÂ ]e Xc- n-epÅ A\p- h k¼¯pw{]mtbm-KnI ]cn-Úm-\hpw t\Sn-sb-Sp-¡m³\ap¡p Ign-ªp. {]mtZ-inI Xe-¯nÂP\-§Ä¡p Xs¶ hnI-k\ t{]mP-IvSp-IÄBhn-jv¡-cn-¡m\pw Ah \S- n-em-¡m\pw Ign-ªp F¶-XmWv Gähpw {][m-\-s¸« t\«w.hnhn[ hnI-k\ taJ-e-I-fnse {]iv\-§ÄIsWvS -¯m\pw Ahbv¡v ]cn -lmcwImWm\pw Hcp ]cn[n hsc Cu t{]mP-IvSp-IÄ¡p Ign-ªp. A¯-c-samcp hntI-{µo-Ir-Xm-kq-{XW kao-]-\-s¯, taJ-em-[n-jvTnX Øe-]-cm-kq-{X-W (allocative spa-tial planning) -ambn \ap¡p hyh-l-cn-¡m-hp-¶-XmWv. F¶n-cn-¡nepw Ah-bn-te-sdbpw {lkz-Ime t{]mP-IvSp-I-fm-bn-cp-¶-Xn-\mÂ hnI-k\ taJ-e-IÄ X½n-epÅ kwtbm-P\w thWvS{X DWvSm-bn-Ã. \K-c-am-bmepw {Kma-am-bmepw, hnhn[ {]tZ-i-§-fpsS {]iv\-§Ä¡v Xmev¡m-en-Itam ASn-b-ńctamBb ]cn-lmc amÀK-§Ä Bhn-jv¡-cn-¡m³Ign-sª-¦nepw, Øe-]-c-amb kzm[o\w IqSnIW-¡n-se-Sp¯v ka-{K-amb coXn-bntemZoÀL-Ime ]cn-t{]-£y-t¯mSp IqSntbm cq]o-I-cn-¨h Bbn-cp-¶n-Ã B t{]mP-IvSp-IÄ.A -c-samcp hnI-k\ {]{Inb hnP-b-I-c-ambn{]hr¯n ]Y- nÂ sImWvSp hc-W-sa-¦nÂØe-]cmkq-{XW kao-]\w IqSntb XocqF¶-XnÂ XÀ¡-an-Ã.

H¼Xmw ]©-h-Õc ]²-Xn-¡m-e¯vØe-] -cm -kq - {X -W-¯n\ v Gsd¡psdkam-\-amb Nne {][m\ {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä\S-¡p-I-bp-WvSm-bn.

Ah C\n ]d-bp-¶p:? ? ? ? PnÃm Bkq-{XW kanXn X¿m-dm-¡nb

PnÃm ]²Xn? ? ? ? \oÀ -Sm-[n-jvTnX hnI-k-\- n-\m-bpÅ

amÌÀ ¹m³ X¿m-dm-¡ÂPnÃm Bkq-{XW kanXn taJem

kao-]\w ]n´p-SÀ¶v X¿m-dm-¡nb PnÃm]²Xnbnse \nÀt±-i-§-fn-te-sdbpw kmam\ykz`mhw am{X-ap-ÅXpw Øm\m-[n-jvTn-X-amb]cm-aÀi-§-sfm-¶p-an-Ãm-¯-Xp-am-bn-cp-¶p.ZoÀL-Ime ]cn-t{]-£ytam imkv{Xo-b-ambA]-{K-Y-\tam CXnÂ {]I-S-am-b-Xp-an -Ã.hnI-k\ taJ-e-IÄ {]tXyIw {]tXy-I-ambnXs¶ \ne-sIm-WvSp. AXn-{]-[m\ taJ-e-IÄt]mepw GtIm-]n-¡-s -Sp-Itbm kwtbm-Pn-¡-s¸-Sp-Itbm sNbvXn-Ã.

ChnsS \oÀ -Sm-[n-jvTnX hnI-k-\- n-\m-bpÅ amÌÀ ¹m³ {]tXyI ]cm-aÀiwAÀln-¡p-¶p. Imc-Ww, Øe-]cmkq-{XWkao-]-\-t¯mSv Gsd-¡psd kam-\-amb Hcpkao-]-\-¯nsâ ASn-Øm-\-¯n-emWv AXvX¿m-dm-¡n-b-Xv. t»m¡v Xe-¯nÂ \oÀ¯-Sm-[n-jvTnX amÌÀ ¹m³ X¿m-dm-¡m-\mWve£y-an -« n -cp -¶-sX-¦nepw B e£ywssIhcn¡m³ Ign-ªn-Ã. t»m¡p-X-e- nÂ\oÀ¯S Ah-tem-I\ dnt¸mÀ«p am{Xta X¿m-dm-¡m³ Ign-ªp-Åq. Irjn-bp-sSbpw A\p-_Ô taJ-e-I-fp-sSbpw hnI-k-\-¯n-\mWvGsd {]m[m\yw \ÂIn-bXv F¶Xv HcpImcyw. ASn-Øm\ Bkq-{XW bqWn-äv\oÀ¯-S-amWv F¶ncn-¡nepw am-ÌÀ ¹m³{]tZiambn t»m¡v ]©m-b-¯ns\bmWvFSp-¯Xv. t»m¡v ]©m-b v AXnÀ¯n-IÄ`c-W-]-c-amb AXn-cp-IÄ am{X-amWv Ft¶mÀ¡-Ww. FÃm-¯cw hnI-k-\hpw \oÀ¯SwF¶ Hscmä ùXnI LS-Is¯ Bkv]-Z-am-¡n -bm -bn -cn -¡Ww F¶ kao -] -\ -amWvkzoI-cn-¨Xv. (AtX kabw 73 Dw 74 Dw`cWLS\m t`Z -KXn \nb -a -§-fpsS]Ým- -e- nÂ Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-§-fmWv Bkq-{XW¯n\pÅ bqWn-äv).hnhc tiJ-c-Whpw hn`h q]Sw X¿m-dm-¡epw


16

A²ymbw II

hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-IÄ

2.1 hnI-k\ cq]-tcJhntI-{µo -Ir -Xm -kq - {XW {]{Inb hnPb{]Z-ambn

Øm]-\-hÂ¡-cn-¡p-¶-Xn\v Hmtcm Bkq-{XW {]tZ-i-¯n\pwhnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿mdmt¡-WvSXv AXym-h-iy-am-Wv. hnI-k\cq]-tcJ DÅ-S¡w sImWvSv ka-{K-am-Ip-¶-Xv, uXn-I-þ-km-aq-ly-þ-km-¼-¯nI AØn-c-X-Isf IW-¡n-se-Sp-¯p-sImWvSv hfÀ¨mtI{µ-§Ä IsWvS- p-I-bpw, Cu hfÀ¨m tI{µ-§-fpsSbpw Ah-bpsS]cn-k-c§-fp-sSbpw hnI-k-\-¯n-\m-bpÅ `mhn ]cn-]m-Sn-IÄ\nÀ±njvS ka-b- n-\p-ÅnÂ \nÀt±-in-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-t¼m-gm-Wv.\nÀtZ-in-¡p¶ \S-]-Sn-IÄ {]mtZ-in-Ihpw Øe-]-chpw km¼- n-I-hp-amb Bh-iy-I-XI-sf IW-¡n-se-Sp-¡p-Ibpw k½À±-§sfAXn-Po-hn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ hn[- n-em-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw thWw.efn-X-ambn ]d-ªmÂ, Bkq-{XW {]tZ-i- n\v A\p-tbm-Py-amb\ne-bnÂ ùXn-Ihpw kmaq-lyhpw km¼- n-I-hp-amb FÃm am\-§-sfbpw kv]À-in-¡p-¶Xpw ASp¯ ]Xn-\t©m Ccp-]tXm hÀjwap¶n-Â IWvSp-sIm-WvSpÅ-Xp-amb hnI-k\ X{ -§fpw \b-§-fp-amWv hnI-k\ cq]tcJ-bnÂ DWvSm-bn-cn-t¡-WvS-Xv.

IqSp-XÂ kq£va-ambn \nÀh-Nn-¨mÂ, s]mXp P\-§-fpsS{]Jym-]nX {]kvXm-h-\-bmWv hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ. hcpw Ime-§-fnÂ A`nImayamb ùXnI hnI-k-\s¯ kw_-Ôn¨ {][m\\b-§Ä Cu {]kvXm-h-\-bn-ep-WvSm-bncn¡pw. kaq-l-¯n\pthWvSn-bpÅ GIo-Ir-X-amb Hscmä ùXnI cq]-I-ev]-\-bm-Wvs]mXpsh ]d-ªmÂ hnI-k\ cq]tcJm dnt¸mÀ«v.hnI-k\ \b-§fpw kmaq-ly-þ -km-¼- nI e£y-§fpw X½n-epÅ _Ô-§sf hyà-ambn hni-Zo-I-cn-¡m-\pÅ Hcp{iahpw IqSn-bm-W-Xv. asämcp hn[- nÂ ]d-ªmÂ, hÀ -am\Ime¯pw A\-Xn-hn-Zqc `mhn-bnepw km¼- nI£a-X-bp-sSbpw kmaqly `{Z-X-bp-sSbpw {Iahpw A´Êpw]p\:Øm]n-¡p-¶-Xn-\mWv hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ e£yw hbv¡p-¶-Xv. Pohn-¡p-¶-Xn\pw tPmen sN¿p-¶-Xn\pw hnt\m-Zn-¡p-¶-Xn\pwA\p-tbm-Py-amb kml-Ncyw Bkq-{XW {]tZ-i¯v Hcp-¡p-I-bmWv hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbpsS apJy Dt±-iyw. Cukml-Ncyw {]hÀ¯\ \nc-X-hpw, Imcy£a-hpw, Btcm -Ky - Z m -b -I -hpw , kuµ -cym -ßI -hp -am -b n - c n -¡ -Ww.

\ n e - h n - e p ÅhntI-{µo -Ir -Xm -kq - {XW{]{In -b-bnÂ PnÃm Xe-¯nepw {]mtZ-inI Xe-¯nepw cq]o-I-cn-t¡WvShnI-k\ cq]-tcJI-sf-¡p-dn¨v Cu A²ym-b-¯nÂkw£n]vX-ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p.

?Bkq-{XW {]tZ-i-¯n\vA\p-tbm-Py-amb \ne-bnÂ ùXn-Ihpw kmaq-lyhpw km¼-¯n-I-hp-amb FÃm am\§-sfbpwk v ] À - i n ¡ p - ¶ X p wASp¯ ]Xn-\t©m Ccp-]tXm hÀjw ap¶n-ÂIWvSp -sIm-WvSpÅ-Xp -amb hnI-k\ X{´-§fpw \b-§-fp -amWvhnI-k\ cq]tcJ-bnÂDWvSm-bn-cn-t¡-WvS-Xv.

Bkq-{XW {]tZiw

ùXnIuXnI amam\\wwkmaqlnIkmaqlnI amam\\ww

km¼¯nI amkm¼¯nI am\\ww

Bkq-{XW {]tZiw

ùXnIuXnI amam\\wwkmaqlnIkmaqlnI amam\\ww

km¼¯nI amkm¼¯nI am\\ww

Nn{Xw 2.1 hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ þ DÄs¡m-Åp¶ hkvXpXIÄ

17


CXv kaq-l-¯nsâ Bh-iy-§fpw {]Xo-£Ifpw \nd-th-äp¶\b-]-c-amb Hcp N«-¡q-Smbn \ne-sIm-Å-Ww. `qhn-\n-tbm-Kw,KXm-K-Xw, `h\ \nÀ½m-Ww, tkh\ kuI-cy-§Ä, Xpd-kmbØe-§Ä F¶n-h-bp-ambn _Ô-s -«n-cn-¡p-¶-XmWv hnI-k\cq]-tcJbpsS uXnI LS-Iw. km¼-¯nI ASn-¯d iàhpwsshhn-[y ]qÀW-hp-am-¡p-I-bmWv hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbpsSkm¼-¯nI LS-I-¯nsâ e£yw. AtX kabw kmaqlyka-Xzhpw kmwkv¡m-cnI D¶-a-\hp-amWv kmaq-ly-þ- kmw-kvIm-cnILSIw e£y-am-¡p-¶-Xv.

s]mXpsh ]d -ªmÂ, FgpXn X¿m -dm -¡p¶tcJ-bvs¡m¸w qhn-\n-tbm-Khpw aäpw hyà-am-¡p¶ q]-S-§fpwtcJm Nn{X-§-fpw aäpw AS-§n-b-XmWv hnI-k\ cq]-tcJmdnt¸mÀ«v. FÃm hnI-k\ taJ-e-I-sfbpw sam¯-¯nÂIW-¡n-se-Sp-¯pw, Bkq-{XW {]tZ-i¯v Ah-bpsS Øe-]cam\-¯n\v Du¶Â \ÂInbpw ka{K hni-I-e\ kao-]\wssIs¡m-Åp¶ Hcp {]am-W-am-WXv. Øe-]-c-þ-km-¼- nI cq]-tcJ F¶ \ne-bnÂ Bkq-{XW {]tZ-i v {]mtZ-inI kÀ¡mÀ,kwØm\ kÀ¡mÀ hIp-¸p-IÄ, tI{µ kÀ¡mÀ hIp- p-IÄ,kÀ¡m-tc-Xc kwL-S-\-IÄ, kzbw- -cW Øm]-\-§Ä, kzImcyhyàn-IÄ XpS-§n FÃm hnI-k\ ]¦m-fn-I-fp-sSbpw \nt£]kw_-Ô-amb Xocp-am-\-§-fnÂ AXv \nÀWm-bI ]¦v hln-¡p-¶p.

hnhn[ hnI-k\ ]¦m-fnI-fnÂ Npcp¡w Nne-Xn\p am{XtaZoÀL-Ime hnI-k\ ImgvN- mSv DÅq F¶pw, Ah-t]mepw Bkq-{XW {]tZ-i¯v bmsXmcphn[ kwtbm-P-\hpw \S-¯msX Hä-s¸-«mWv {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶-sX¶pw Ct¸m-gs¯ ØnXn hntijwAh-tem-I\w sN¿p-t¼mÄ hyà-amWv (Nn{Xw 2.2)

Nn{Xw 2.2 C¶s¯ ØnXn hntijw þ Hä-s¸« hnI-k\{]hÀ¯-\-§Ä

GP³kn-IÄ

hnI-k\ImgvN- mSv

Bkq-{XW{]tZiw

\ne-hnse ØnXn hntijw

GP³kn-IÄ

hnI-k\ImgvN- mSv

Bkq-{XW{]tZiw

\ne-hnse ØnXn hntijw

?Øe-]-c -þ -km-¼-¯nIcq]-tcJ F¶ \ne-bnÂBkq-{XW {]tZ-i¯v{]mtZ -inI kÀ¡mÀ,kwØm\ kÀ¡mÀhIp -¸p -IÄ, tI{µkÀ¡mÀ hIp-¸p-IÄ,kÀ¡m-tc-Xc kwL-S-\-IÄ, kzbw- -cW Øm]-\-§Ä, kzImcy hyàn-IÄ XpS-§n FÃm hnI-k\ ]¦m-fn-I-fp-sSbpw\nt£] kw_-Ô-ambXocp-am-\-§-fnÂ AXv\nÀWm-bI ]¦v hln-¡p-¶p.

Nn{Xw 2.3 Bh-iy-amb ØnXn hntijw þ kwtbm-PnXhnI-k\ ImgvN-¸mSv

Hcp {]tZ-i- nsâ ka{K hnI-k-\s¯ kw_-Ôn- n-S-t¯mfwCXp XoÀ¨-bmbpw A`n-e-j-Wo-b-a-Ã. Bkq-{XW {]tZ-i-¯nsâka{K hnI-k-\- n\p thWvSn Cu GP³kn-I-sfÃmw H¶n¨ptNÀ¶v Hcp hnI-k\ ImgvN- mSv Bhn-jv¡-cn-¡pIbpw A§s\hnI-k\ \nÀtZ-i-§Ä cq]-hÂ¡-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p¶ HcpØnXn hnti-j-amWv C\n DWvSm-tI-WvSXv (Nn{Xw 2.3). Cu kwtbm-PnX hnI-k\ ImgvN- m-Sn-s\-bmWv hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-sb¶p ]d-bp-¶-Xv.

hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p¶ {]{In-b-bnse hnhn[L«-§Ä kmam-\y-ambn Ch-bmWv • hnhc tiJ-cWw (Data Collection) • hnhc kaml-cWw (Data Compilation)

• hnhc hni-I-e\w (Data Analysis)

• hnIk\ hmZ-ap-J§Ä IsWvS- Â (Identification of Development Is-

sues)

• Dt±i e£y-§Ä \nÝ-bn-¡Â (Setting up of goals and objectives)

• hnIk\ k¦Â]w Bhn-jv¡-cn-¡Â (Formulation of Development

Concept)

• \b-§fpw X{´-§fpw cq]o-I-cn-¡Â (Carving of Policies and

Strategies)

2.2 kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbpw {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ-Ifpw

hntI-{µo-Ir-Xm-kq-{XW {]{In-b-bnÂ Hcp ka{K kao-]\wkzoI-cn-¡p-¶-Xn\v `cW kwhn-[m-\- nsâ cWvSp Xe-§-fnÂhnI-k\ cq]-tcJIÄ X¿m-dm-t¡-WvSXv A`n-e-j-Wo-b-am-Wv. H¶v,doPn-b-WÂ Xe- nÂ, AXm-bXv PnÃbv¡v BI-am-\-w. aäXv {]mtZ-inIXe-¯nÂ; AXm-b-Xv, {Kma ]©m-b-¯p-IÄ¡pw ap\n-kn- m-en-än-IÄ¡pw ({]m-tZ-inI kÀ¡m-cnÂ Gähpw Xmsg X«v) thWvSn-.

PnÃm Xe hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbnÂ C\n ]d-bp-¶Imcy-§-fmWv {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶Xv: • PnÃm-Xe hnI-k\hmZ-ap-J§Ä, hnI-k\ k¦Â]w, \b-§Ä,

X{ -§Ä, taJe Xncn- pÅ t{]mP-IvSp-Ifpw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fpw. • kwØm-\- nsâ hnI-k\ ]Ým- -e- nÂ PnÃ-bpsS

]¦v \nÀh-Nn-¡p-I. • PnÃ-bpsS sam - n-epÅ hnI-k-\s¯ kw_-Ôn- n-S-t¯mfw

Hmtcm Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-¯nsâbpw {][m\]¦v Xncn- -dn-bp-I.


18

kwtbmkwtbm--PnXPnX

hnIkhnIk\\ ImgvNImgvN-- ¸mSvmSvhnI-k\\nÀt±i§Ä

Bkq-{XW {]tZiw

Bh-iy-amb ØnXn hntijw

hnIk\GP³kn-IÄ

kwtbmkwtbm--PnXPnX

hnIkhnIk\\ ImgvNImgvN-- ¸mSvmSvhnI-k\\nÀt±i§Ä

Bkq-{XW {]tZiw

Bh-iy-amb ØnXn hntijw

hnIk\GP³kn-IÄ

hnhc tiJ-cWw

hnhc kaml-cWw

hnhc hni-I-e\w

hnIk\ hmZ-ap-J§Ä

Dt±i e£y-§Ä

hnIk\ k¦Â]w

\b-§fpw X{´-§fpw

{]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbnÂ{]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p¶ Imcy-§Ä Ch-bm-Wv: • {]mtZ -inI Xe-¯nse hnI-k\

{]iv\-§Ä, hnI-k\ k¦Â]w,kq£va-amb \b-§fpw X{´-§-fpw,taJe Xncn-¨pÅ t{]mP-IvSp-I-fpw]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw

• PnÃ-bpsS sam - n-epÅ hnI-k-\-¯nsâ ]Ým-¯-e -¯nÂ Xt±ikzbw`cW Øm]-\ -¯nsâ ]¦v\nÀh-Nn-¡p-I.

• Xt±i kzbw cW Øm]-\- n-\-I vIsWvS- nbXp {]Im-c-apÅ hnI-k\]¦v ]qÀ¯o-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xn\v {]mtZ-inIt{]mP-IvSp -IÄ IsWvS -¯p-Ibpwcq]o -I -c n -¡p -Ibpw sN¿p -I.Cu Øe-]-c-þ-km-¼-¯nI hnI-k\

cq]-tcJIsf PnÃm Xe- nÂ kwtbm-PnXPnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ (Integrated District

Development Plan -IDDP) F¶pw , Xt±ikzbw`cW Øm]\ Xe-¯nÂ {]mtZ-inIhnI-k\ cq]-tcJ (Local Development Plan-LDP)

F¶pw s]mXpsh hnfn-¡mw. {]mtZ-inIhnI-k\ cq]-tcJ F¶Xv {Kma ]©m-b- v,ap\n -kn -¸Â Iu¬knÂ, ap\n -kn -¸ÂtImÀ -td-j³ F¶n-hbv¡p thWvSn am{X-ap-Å-Xm-sW¶v HmÀ¡p-I. AtX-k-abw t»m¡v-þ-PnÃm ]©m-b¯v cq]-tcJIÄ kwtbm-PnXPnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbnepw {]mtZ-inIhnI-k\ cq]-tcJI-fnepw kqNn- n-¡-s¸« hnj-b-§-fnÂ s]« t{]mP-IvSp-Ifpw ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpwt{ImUo-I-cn¨p sImWvSpÅXm-bn-cn-¡-Ww.

2.2.1 kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ-bpsS LS-I-§Ä

kwtbm -PnX PnÃm hnI -k\cq]-tcJbv¡v cWvSv ASn-Øm\ LSI-§ÄDWvSm-bn-cn¡pw?? ]Xn-\t©m Ccp-]tXm hÀj-t¯-

¡pÅ Hcp hnI-k\ ]cn-t{]£yw.AXnÂ C\n ]d-bp-¶h DÄs -Sp-¶p:

? ? ? A[n-hmk tI{µ-§-fpsS {]hÀ¯\kz`m-hhpw {Iahpw hyà-am-¡p¶A[n-hmk cq]amXrI

? ? ? kwtbm-PnX hnI-k-\-¯n\v PnÃmXe-¯nÂ kzoI-cn -t¡WvS \b-

§Ä? ? ? doPn-b\v H«m-sI-bpÅ ]Ým-¯e

kuI-cy hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ?? A©p hÀjt -¡pÅ Hcp \nÀh-lW

cq]-tcJ. AXnÂ C\n ]d-bp-¶hDÄs¸-Sp¶p:

? ? ? kwtbm-PnX hnI-k-\- n-\pÅ X{ -§Ä? ? ? KXm-KX irwJe? ? ? tkh-\-§Ä, kuI-cy-§Ä F¶n-h-

bpsS Øm\ \nÀW-b -¯n -\p -Åam\ -Z -W vU -§Ä

? ? ? t»m¡p Xe-¯nepw {]mtZ -inIXe- nepw \S- m-t¡-WvSp¶ {]tXyIt{]mP-IvSp-IÄ

? ? ? hnI-k\ \n_-Ô-\IÄ

2.2.2 {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbpsS LSI-§Ä{]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbv¡pw

cWvSv ASn-Øm\ LS-I-§Ä DWvSm-bn-cn-¡pw.?? ]Xn-\t©m Ccp-]tXm hÀj-t -¡pÅ

Hcp hnI-k\ ]cn-t{]£yw. AXnÂDÄs -Sp-¶Xv Ch-bm-Wv:

? ? ? {]mtZ-inI Xe- nÂ kzoI-cn-t¡WvS\b-§Ä

? ? ? hn`-h-§Ä ]c-am-h[n Imcy-£-a-ambnD] - tbm -K - s¸ - S p -¯p -¶ -X n -\ pÅØe-]-c-amb X{ -§Ä

? ? ? ]Ým- e kuIcy hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ?? A©p hÀj-t -¡pÅ Hcp \nÀh-lW

cq]-tcJ. AXnÂ DÄs¸-Sp -¶XvCh-bm -Wv :

? ? ? hnI-k\ X{ -§Äþ uXn-I- am-\-§Ä,kmaqly am\-§Ä, km¼-¯nIam\-§Ä F¶nh ]cn-K-Wn v

? ? ? s]mXp-hmb `qhn-\n-tbmK cq]-tcJ? ? ? ]Ým- e kuIcy hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ? ? ? k w t b m - P n X h n I - k - \ - ¯ n \ v

taJemkw_Ô-amb X{´-§ÄBhn-jv¡-cn-¡p-Ibpw t{]mP-IvSp-IÄIsWvS-¯p-Ibpw

? ? ? hnI-k\ \nb-{ -W§Ä


19

2.3 Bkq-{XW k{¼-Zm-bhpw hnI-k\ cq]-tcJI-fpsS ]c-kv]c _Ôhpw

hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p¶ {]{In-b-sb-¡p-dn¨v 1988 BK-ÌnÂ \mj-WÂI½o-j³ Hm¬ AÀ_-ss\-tk-j\pw (NCU),\KcImcy sXmgnÂ a{´m-e-b-¯nsâ 1996BK-Ìnse ‘\Kc hnI -k\ cq] -tcJX¿m-dm-¡epw \nÀh-l-Whpw kw_-Ôn¨amÀK tcJ’bpw (UDPFI) hyà-amb ip]mÀi-IÄ apt¶m«p h¨n-«p-WvSv. F³.-kn.bpip]mÀi sNbvX Øe-]cmkq-{XW k{¼-Zm-bw, At\Iw Xe-§-fpÅ Bkq-{XW kao-]-\-amWv ]n´p-S-cp-¶-Xv. (Nn{Xw 2.4) AXn-\mÂ AXv tZio-bw, kwØm-\w, PnÃ F¶oaq¶p Xe-§-fnÂ {]hÀ¯\\nc-X-am-I-Ww. Cu k{¼-Zmbw A\p-k-cn¨vtZiob Xe-¯nse \b-§ÄkwØm\þA´ÀþkwØm\ Øe-]c hnI-k\ X{ -§-fmbpw PnÃmþA´Àþ PnÃm ]²-Xn-IÄ, ]cn-]m-Sn-IÄ F¶n-h-bpw ]cn-hÀ¯\wsN¿-s¸-Sp-I-bmWv. Øe-]cmkq-{XWwGähpw Imcy-£-a-am-Ip-¶Xv kwØm\ Xe-¯n-em-sW-¶pw, Øe-]c hnI-k\ cq]-tcJIÄ X¿mdm-¡p-Ibpw \S-¸n-em-¡p-IbpwsNt¿-WvSXv A´À-þ-PnÃm Xe-¯nepw PnÃmXe- nepw BsW¶pw I½o-j³ Du¶n- -d-bp-¶p. Bkq-{XWw ‘apI-fnÂ \n¶p Xmtg¡pw’,‘Xmsg \n¶p apI-fn-te¡pw’ F¶ XXzs¯ASn-Øm-\-am-¡n-bpÅXmWv Cu k{¼-Zmbw.\b-§fpw X{ -§fpw apI-fnÂ \n¶v Xmtg¡vssIam-dp-¶p. AtX-k-abw cq]-tcJ-Ifpw ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw t{]mP-IvSp-I-fpw Xmsg X«nÂ Bhn-jv¡-cn-¡p-Ibpw \S- n-em-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.Xmsg X«nse cq]-tc-J-Ifpw ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpwt{]mP-IvSp-Ifpw GtIm-]n- n-¡p-¶-Xn-eqsS Hcp\nÝnX Ime-b-f-hnÂ DbÀ¶ Xe-¯nÂ(kw-Øm-\w, A´À-þ-kw-Øm-\w, tZio-bw)Øe-]-c-amb cq]-am-Xr-I-IÄ krjvSn-¡p-hm³Ignbpw. hyXykvX Xe-§-fnse hnhn[ cq]-

tc-JIfpsS DÅ-S¡w F´m-bn-cn-¡-W-sa¶pwamÀ¤-tcJ \njv¡Àjn-¡p-¶p. PnÃm Xe- nÂkwtbmPnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbmWv\nÀh-lW Npa-X-e-¡m-scbpw (a-{´m-e-bw,Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\w, kwL-S-\),{]hÀ -\- n-\pÅ {]tZ-i-§fpw (Pn-Ã-bnsehnhn[ A[n-hmk tI{µ-§Ä) IsWvS-t -WvS-Xpw, taJe Xncn v {]hÀ -\-§Ä \nÝ-bn-t¡-WvS-Xpw, Hmtcm \nÀh-l-W- p-a-X-e-¡mcpsSbpwka-b-]-cn-[n Xocp-am-\n-t¡-WvS-Xpw. hnhn[ ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw t{]mPIvSpIfpw \nÀt±-in-¡p-¶XpIqSm-sX-bm-Wn-Xv. \nÀh-lW Npa-X-e-bp-Å-hÀ¡vAh-c-h-cpsS ]©-h-Õc ]²-Xnbpw hmÀjnI]²-Xn-I-fpw cq]o-I-cn-¡m\pw Dt±-in-¡p¶ coXn-bnÂ Øe-]-c-þ-km-¼- nI hnI-k\ ]cn-{i-a-§Ä kwtbm-Pn-¸n-¡m\pw CXp klm-b-I-am-Ipw.

\Kc hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡epw\nÀh-lWhpw kw_-Ôn¨ amÀK-tc-J-bnÂip]mÀi sNbvXn - « pÅ Bkq - {XWk{¼-Zm -b-¯nÂ ]c-kv]c _Ôn-X-amb\mev cq]-tc-JIfmWpÅ-Xv.(F) hnI-k\ ]cn-t{]£yw :

ZoÀL-amb Ime-b-fhv (20-þ25 hÀjw)ap¶nÂ IWvSv X¿m-dm -¡p¶ hnI-k\cq]tcJbpw A\p-_-Ô-am-bpÅ q]-S-§fpwtcJmNn{X-§fpw BWn-Xv. \Kc k -bpsS A[n-Imc ]cn-[n-bn-epÅ A[n-hmk tI{µ-§-fpsSØe-]-c-þ -km-¼-¯nI hnI-k-\-hp-ambn_Ô-s¸« e£y-§fpw \b-§fpw X{ -§fpws]mXp-hmb ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw CXp-hgn kwØm\kÀ¡m-cn\v e`y-am-Ip-¶p.(_n) hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ:

AwKo-I-cn¨ hnI-k\ ]cn-t{]£y¯nsâ N«-¡q-Sn\v DÅnÂ \n¶p sImWvSvcq]o-I-cn-¡p¶ Cu cq]-tcJ Hcp a[y-Imecq]-tcJ (kmam-\y-ambn A©p hÀjw) bmWv.(kn) hmÀjnI cq]-tcJ :

hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbpsS N«-¡q-Sn\vDÅnÂ \n¶p sImWvSv X¿mdm¡p¶ Cu


20

cq]-tcJ, _Ô-s¸« km¼-¯nI hÀjw Xt±i kzbw`cWØm]\w \S-¸n -em-¡m³ Dt±-in-¡p¶ ]pXn-bXpw \S¶psImWvSn-cn -¡p-¶-Xp-amb t{]mP-IvSp-I-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§ÄDÄs¡m-Åp¶ H¶m-bn-cn-¡pw.(Un) AwKo-I-cn hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbpsS N«-¡q-Sn-\p-ÅnÂ \n¶p-sImWvSv t{]mP-IvSp-Ifpw kvIoap-I-fpw hni-Z-am-¡p-¶p. {]hÀ¯\{Iaw, ]n´p-W-bv¡p¶ ]Ým- e kuI-cyw, hnI-k\ sNehpw[\-t{km-XÊpw hyà-am-¡p¶ tcJ-IÄ, s]mXp/kzImcy GP³kn\nÀh-lWw \S-¯p-¶Xp kw_-Ôn¨ {]am-W-§Ä F¶nhCXn-ep-WvSmIpw.

Bkq-{XW {]{Inb H«msI ]cn-K-Wn-¨pw, ip]mÀisN¿-s¸« Bkq-{XW k{¼-Zmbw DÄs¸-Sp-¯nbpw hyXykvXhnI-k\ cq]-tcJ-I-fpsS ]c-kv]c _Ôw ImWn- n-cn-¡p-I-bmWvNn{Xw 2.5 Â. \Kc hnI-k-\-hp-ambn Cu hnI-k\ cq]-tcJIÄ{]Xy-£-amtbm ]tcm-£-amtbm _Ô-s -Sp-¶p-WvSv. tZiob XewapXÂ \K-c-ambn amdn-s¡m-WvSn-cn-¡p¶ {]tZiw (\-Kc ]©m-b- nsâA[n-Imc ]cn-[n-bn-ep-Å) hsc CXn-ep-WvSv. PnÃm Xe- n-epw,sat{Smt]mfn-ä³ Xe-¯n-epw, kwØm\ Xe-¯n-epw, tZiobXe-¯n-ep-sam-s¡-bpÅ ùXn-Ihpw [\-]chp-amb Bkq-{XW]cn-{i-a-§-fpsS t{ImUo-I-c-W-¯n\pw kwtbm-P-\-¯n-\p-apÅcq]-tcJ \nÀt±-i-§Ä F§s\ tImÀ¯n-W¡msa¶v Nn{Xw 2.5hyà-am-¡p¶p. \b-§fpw ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw hn -h-§fpw thÀs]-Sp-¯p¶ coXnbpw ChnsS kqNn- n- n-cn-¡p-¶p.

cWvSp ip]mÀi-Ifpw (NCU, UDPFI) Dt -tc- y³ kml-Ncy-§-fn-emWv Gähpw A\p-tbm-Pyw. ImcWw AhnsS GXm\pwA[n-hmk tI{µ-§-fpsS sNdnb Hcp Iq«w tNÀ¶-XmWv {Kma]©m-b v. AXn-\mÂ \Kc {]tZ-i- n-\m-bpÅ ip]mÀi-IÄAXn\pw _m[-I-am-Ipw. tIc-f-¯nÂ kml-N-cy-§-sfÃmwhyXy-kvX-am-Wv. NnX-dn-¡n-S-¡p¶ A[n-hmk tI{µ-§-fm-Wn-hn-sS.\K-chpw {Kmahpw X½nÂ ChnsS Cg-tNÀ¶p InS-¡p-¶Xp t]mse-bm-Wv.AXn-\mÂ ip]mÀi-IÄ AtX-]Sn ChnsS _m[-I-am-¡m-\m-hn-Ã.sF.-Un.-Un.-]n., FÂ.-Un.-]n. cq]o-I-c-W- nse {][m\ ]cn-an-Xn,kwØm\ Xe-¯nÂ hnI-k\ ]cn-t{]£yw X¿m-dm-¡p-ItbmAXp-{]-Imcw \b-§fpw X{´-§fpw PnÃm/{]mtZ-inI Xecq]-tcJIfn-te¡v ssIam-dns¡m-Sp-¡m³ Ign-bp-Itbm sN¿p-¶nÃF¶-Xm-Wv. kwØm\ hnI-k\ ]cn-t{]£yw X¿m-dm-¡m-\pÅ{]mcw` \S-]Sn GXm-bmepw kwØm\ Xe-¯nÂ Ct¸mÄssIs¡m-WvSn-«p-WvSv. sF.-Un.-Un.-]n., FÂ.-Un.-]n. cq]o-I-cWw PnÃmXe- nse Hcp kwcw-`-am-b-Xn-\mÂ PnÃ-bv¡p-ÅnÂ am{X-amWvcq]-tcJIÄ X½nÂ A\p-{I-a-amb _Ôw DÅ-Xv. ChnsS PnÃm-Xecq]-tcJ (IDDP) bpsSbpw {]mtZ-inI Xe cq]-tcJ (LDP) bpsSbpwcq]o-I-cW {]{In-b-IÄ A\p-{I-a-ambn _Ô-s -«n-cn-¡p-¶p.


21

??hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m- dm-¡p-¶-Xnsâ {Iaw.?? IcSv kwtbm-PnX PnÃm

hnI-k\ cqtcJ X¿m-dm-¡p¶p.

??IcSv {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶p.

??IcSv {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\cq]-tc-Jsb ASn-Øm-\-am¡n IcSv kwtbm-PnXPnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ]cn-jv¡-cn-¡p-¶p.

??AwKo-Icn¨ kwtbm-PnXPnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tc-Jsb ASn-Øm-\-am¡n{]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ ]cn-jv¡-cn-¡p-¶p.

IcSv IDDP

IcSv LDP

AwKo-I-cnÏDDP

Ańa LDP

Nn{Xw 2.4 tZiob \KchÂ¡-cW I½o-j³ 1988 Â ip]mÀi sNbvXØe-]cmkq-{XW k{¼-Zmbw


22

Øe-]c þkm-¼- nI hnI-k-\- n -\pÅ tZiob ]cn-t{]£y ]²Xn

]©-h-Õc ]²Xn þ Dt±i e£y-§Ä, ap³K-W-\-IÄ

\nt£] \bw /]-²Xn hnhn[ taJ-e-IÄ¡v

tZiob Øe-]c hnI-k\\bw/ ]²Xn

A´À kwØm\ Øe-]chnI-k\ X{´w

kwØm-\- nsâ ]©-h-Õc ]²-Xn-þ-D-t±i e£y-§Ä, ap³K-W-\-IÄ

kwØm\ \nt£] \bw / ]²Xn hnhn[ taJ-e-IÄ¡v

kwØm\ Øe-]c hnI-k\w\bw / cq]-tcJ

kwtbm-PnX \Kc {]tZihnI-k\ cq]-tcJ

A´À PnÃm Øe-]c

hnI-k\ X{´w

\Kc {]tZi \nÀh-lW cq]-tcJ / t{]mPIvSp-IÄ-

PnÃm ]©hÕc ]²Xn – Dt±i e£y-§Ä, ap³K-W-\-IÄ

PnÃm \nt£] \bw/ ]²-Xn-þ-

hn-hn[ taJ-e-IÄ¡v

kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ

kwtbm-PnX {KmaoW A[n-hmkcq]-tcJ

IÀ½ ]cn-]mSn/ t{]mPIvSv

Øe-]cþkm-¼- nI hnI-k-\- n -\pÅ kwØm\ hnI-k\ ]cn-t{]-£yw

tZi

obX

ew

kwØ

m\X

ew

PnÃ

mX

ew

kqNIw :NDC : tZiob hnI-k\ Iu¬knÂPC : Bkq-{XW I½o-j³MUD : \Kc hnI-k\ a{´m-ebwNUC : tZiob \KchÂ¡cW Iu¬knÂTCPO : \K-c-þ -{Km-am-kq-{XW kwL-S\TCPD : \K-c-þ -{Km-am-kq-{XW hIp¸vRPDB : doP-\Â Bkq-{XW hnI-k\ t_mÀUvUDA : \Kc hnI-k\ AtXm-dnänDPDC : PnÃm Bkq-{XW hnI-k\ Iu¬knÂSUC : kwØm\ \K-c-hÂ¡cW Iu¬knÂNCU : tZiob \K-c-hÂ¡cW I½o-j³

Øm]-\-§Ä

-NDC

-Central PC

-Central MUD

-MUC (Proposed)

-Central (TCPO)

-RPDB (macro)

-State PC

-State MUD

-SUC (Proposed)

-TCPD

-RPDB

-UDA

-Zila Parishad

DPDC

-TCPD

-DPCD

Øe-]c þkm-¼- nI hnI-k-\- n -\pÅ tZiob ]cn-t{]£y ]²Xn

]©-h-Õc ]²Xn þ Dt±i e£y-§Ä, ap³K-W-\-IÄ

\nt£] \bw /]-²Xn hnhn[ taJ-e-IÄ¡v

tZiob Øe-]c hnI-k\\bw/ ]²Xn

A´À kwØm\ Øe-]chnI-k\ X{´w

kwØm-\- nsâ ]©-h-Õc ]²-Xn-þ-D-t±i e£y-§Ä, ap³K-W-\-IÄ

kwØm\ \nt£] \bw / ]²Xn hnhn[ taJ-e-IÄ¡v

kwØm\ Øe-]c hnI-k\w\bw / cq]-tcJ

kwtbm-PnX \Kc {]tZihnI-k\ cq]-tcJ

A´À PnÃm Øe-]c

hnI-k\ X{´w

\Kc {]tZi \nÀh-lW cq]-tcJ / t{]mPIvSp-IÄ-

PnÃm ]©hÕc ]²Xn – Dt±i e£y-§Ä, ap³K-W-\-IÄ

PnÃm \nt£] \bw/ ]²-Xn-þ-

hn-hn[ taJ-e-IÄ¡v

kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ

kwtbm-PnX {KmaoW A[n-hmkcq]-tcJ

IÀ½ ]cn-]mSn/ t{]mPIvSv

Øe-]cþkm-¼- nI hnI-k-\- n -\pÅ kwØm\ hnI-k\ ]cn-t{]-£yw

tZi

obX

ew

kwØ

m\X

ew

PnÃ

mX

ew

kqNIw :NDC : tZiob hnI-k\ Iu¬knÂPC : Bkq-{XW I½o-j³MUD : \Kc hnI-k\ a{´m-ebwNUC : tZiob \KchÂ¡cW Iu¬knÂTCPO : \K-c-þ -{Km-am-kq-{XW kwL-S\TCPD : \K-c-þ -{Km-am-kq-{XW hIp¸vRPDB : doP-\Â Bkq-{XW hnI-k\ t_mÀUvUDA : \Kc hnI-k\ AtXm-dnänDPDC : PnÃm Bkq-{XW hnI-k\ Iu¬knÂSUC : kwØm\ \K-c-hÂ¡cW Iu¬knÂNCU : tZiob \K-c-hÂ¡cW I½o-j³

Øm]-\-§Ä

-NDC

-Central PC

-Central MUD

-MUC (Proposed)

-Central (TCPO)

-RPDB (macro)

-State PC

-State MUD

-SUC (Proposed)

-TCPD

-RPDB

-UDA

-Zila Parishad

DPDC

-TCPD

-DPCD

Nn{Xw 2.5 hnhn[ hnI-k\ cq]-tcJI-fpsS ]c-kv]c _Ôw þ UDPFI amÀK-tc-J, 1996


23

sat{Sm {]tZiw / sat{Sm \K-c-hp-am-bpÅ _Ôw

]²Xn / cq]-tcJIfpsS GtIm-]\w ]²-Xn- / cq]-tcJI-fpsS thÀs]-Sp- Â

tZiob hnI-k\ ]cn-t{]£yw

tZiob ]©-h-Õc ]²Xn

hmÀjnI ]²-Xn-IÄ

kwØm\ hnI-k\ ]cn-t{]-£yw

kwØm\ ]©-h-Õc ]²Xn

hmÀjnI ]²-Xn-IÄ

sat{Sm t]mfn -ä³ {]tZihnI-k\ ]cn-t{]£yw

sat{Sm t]mfn-ä³ {]tZihnI-k\ cq]-tcJ

hmÀjnI ]²-Xn-IÄ

PnÃm hnI-k\ ]cn -t{]£yw

PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ hmÀjnI ]²-Xn -IÄ

tZiobw

(B-kq-{XW

I½o-j³)

kwØm\w

(B-kq-{XW t_mÀUv

sat{Sm t]mfn-ä³ (sat{Sm t]mfn-ä³ Bkq-{XW kan-Xn)

PnÃ (PnÃm

Bkq-{XW ka-nXn)

hmÀjnI ]²-Xn-IÄ

hmÀjnI ]²-Xn-IÄ

hnI-k\ ]cn -t{]£yw

hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ

t{]mPIvSv / kvIoap-IÄ

hnI-k\ ]cn-t{]£yw

hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ


\Kc A[n-hmkw

(ap-\n-kn- m-en-än)

\K-c-ambn amdp¶ {]tZiw

(\-Kc ]©m-b- v)

sat{Sm {]tZiw / sat{Sm \K-c-hp-am-bpÅ _Ôw

]²Xn / cq]-tcJIfpsS GtIm-]\w ]²-Xn- / cq]-tcJI-fpsS thÀs]-Sp- Â

tZiob hnI-k\ ]cn-t{]£yw

tZiob ]©-h-Õc ]²Xn

hmÀjnI ]²-Xn-IÄ

kwØm\ hnI-k\ ]cn-t{]-£yw

kwØm\ ]©-h-Õc ]²Xn

hmÀjnI ]²-Xn-IÄ

sat{Sm t]mfn -ä³ {]tZihnI-k\ ]cn-t{]£yw

sat{Sm t]mfn-ä³ {]tZihnI-k\ cq]-tcJ

hmÀjnI ]²-Xn-IÄ

PnÃm hnI-k\ ]cn -t{]£yw

PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ hmÀjnI ]²-Xn -IÄ

tZiobw

(B-kq-{XW

I½o-j³)

kwØm\w

(B-kq-{XW t_mÀUv

sat{Sm t]mfn-ä³ (sat{Sm t]mfn-ä³ Bkq-{XW kan-Xn)

PnÃ (PnÃm

Bkq-{XW ka-nXn)

hmÀjnI ]²-Xn-IÄ

hmÀjnI ]²-Xn-IÄ

hnI-k\ ]cn -t{]£yw

hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ


hnI-k\ ]cn-t{]£yw

hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ


\Kc A[n-hmkw

(ap-\n-kn- m-en-än)

\K-c-ambn amdp¶ {]tZiw

(\-Kc ]©m-b- v)

Nn{Xw 2.6 {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ, kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ F¶nh X½n-epÅ hni-Z-amb ]c-kv]c _Ôw

PnÃm Xe-¯nepw {]mtZ -inI

Xe-¯n -epÅ hnhc hni -I -e -\s¯

ASn -Øm-\ -am¡n IcS v IDDP BZyw

X¿m-dm-¡p-¶p. AXnse \nÀt±-i-§-fpsS

ASn-Øm-\- nÂ IcSv LDP X¿m-dm-¡p-I-bpw,

IcSv LDP bnse \nÀt±-i-§sf B[m-c-am¡n

IDDP ]cn -j v¡-c n -¡p -Ibpw sN¿p -¶p .

AwKo-Icn¨ IDDP bnse \nÀt±-i-§sf

ASn-Øm-\-am-¡n-bmWv LDP Ańaam¡p-¶-Xv.

{]mtZ -inI hnI -k\ cq] -tc -J -Ifpw

kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbpw X½n-

epÅ hni-Z-amb ]c-kv]c _Ôw Nn{Xw

2.6 Â \ÂInbn-cn-¡p-¶p.

hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-IÄ X¿m-dm-¡p¶

{]{In-b-bpsS XpS¡w hnhc tiJ-c-W-t¯m-

sS-bm-Wv. hnhc hni-I-e\ L«w hsc-bpÅ

\S-]Sn {Ia-§-sfÃmw cWvSp Xe¯nepÅ

hnI-k\ cq]-tcJIÄ¡pw Gsd-¡psd Hcp

t]mse-bm-Wv. hni-I-e\ ê-§Ä cWvSp

hnI-k\ cq]-tc-JI-fnepw Bh-iym-\p-k-cWw

D]-tbm-K-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. hni-I-e-\-¯nsâ

ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ PnÃm Xe-¯nÂ hnI-

k\hmZ-ap-J§Ä IsWvS- p-Ibpw Dt±i

e£y-§Ä \nÝ-bn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. CtX

XpSÀ¶v, Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-§-fpsS

\nÀt±-i-§Ä IqSn DÄs¡m-Ån¨v PnÃ-bv¡m-

bpÅ kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ

(IDDP) bpsS IcSv X¿m-dm-¡p-¶p. Hmtcm Xt±i

kzbw`cW Øm]-\- nsâbpw hnI-k\hmZ-

ap-J§Ä IsWvS-¯m\pw Dt±ie£y-§Ä

\nÝ-bn¡m\pw IcSv {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\

cq]-tcJ (LDP) IÄ X¿m-dm-¡m\pw Cu IcSvIDDP bmWv D]-bp-à-am-¡p-I. IcSv LDP

Ifnse \nÀt±-i-§Ä ]cn-K-Wn¨v IcSv IDDP

]cn-jv¡-cn¨v Ań-a-am-¡p-¶p. PnÃm Bkq-{XW kanXnbpsS A\p-aXn e`n¨ IDDP ¡v

kwØm\ kÀ¡m-cnsâ AwKo-Imcw In«p-¶-

tXmsS LDP Ifpw ]cn -jv¡-cn -¡p-IbpwAń-a-am-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.

AwKo-I-cn-¡-s¸« kwtbm-PnX PnÃm

hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-bnsebpw {]mtZ-inIhnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-I-fnsebpw \b-§-fp-sSbpw

X{ -§-fp-sSbpw ASn-Øm-\- n-em-bn-cn-¡Ww

t»m¡v ]©m-b-¯nsâbpw PnÃm ]©m-b-¯n-sâbpw hnI-k\ cq]-tcJIÄ AX-Xnsâ

`cW]c-amb AXn-cp-IÄ IqSn ]cnK-Wn¨v

X¿m-dm-t¡-WvS-Xv. AXn-\À°w, AwKo-I-cn-¡-s¸« PnÃm-þ-{]m-tZ-inI Xe cq]-tcJI-fnse

\b-§Ä¡pw X{´-§Ä¡pw A\p-k-cn- pÅ

t{]mP-IvSp-Ifpw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-amWv t»m¡v-þ-PnÃm ]©m-b-¯p-IÄ Bhn -jv¡-cn¨v

\S- n-em-t¡-WvS-Xv F¶mWv.


25

? A²ymbw IV : hnhc tiJ-c-Whpw kam-l-c-Whpw{]mtZ-inI Xe- nÂ

?A²ymbw V : IcSv {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ

? A²ymbw VI : A´na {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ

? A²ymbw IV : hnhc tiJ-c-Whpw kam-l-c-Whpw{]mtZ-inI Xe- nÂ

?A²ymbw V : IcSv {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ

? A²ymbw VI : A´na {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ


41

A²ymbw IV

hnhc tiJ-c-Whpw kam-l-c-Whpw {]mtZ-inIXe- nÂ4.1 {]mcw`w

{]mtZ-inI Xe hnh-c-§Ä F¶Xp sImWvSv Dt±-in¡p-¶-Xv {]mtZ-inI Xe- nÂ AXm-b-Xv, {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän/ tImÀ -td-j³ Xe- nÂ tiJ-cn-¡p¶ hnh-c§Ä F¶m-Wv. {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-Ifpw kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm¡p-¶-Xn\v Cu hnh-c-§ÄD]-tbm-K-s¸Sp¯p¶p. kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½n-än-bpsS (SIC)

D]-tZi \nÀt±-i-§Ä ¡-\p-kr-X-ambn dntkmgvkv t]gvk¬am-cpsS taÂt\m-«- nÂ F©n-\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn-\n-I-fpw kÀth s{Sbn-\n-I-fp-amWv {]mtZ-inI Xe hnhc tiJ-cWw \S-¯p-I.

4.2 hnhc tiJ-cW {]{Inb{]mtZ -inIXe hnhc tiJ-cW {]{In -b -bnÂ

ASn-Øm\]c-ambn aq¶p L«-§-fpWvSv.1. {]mcw` {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä? ? ? {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-en-än-bpsS UnPn-ssäkv sNbvX

ASn-Øm\ `q]Sw X¿m-dm-¡pI (\-K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XWhIp¸v ASn-Øm\ `q]Sw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv)

? ? ? `qhn\n-tbmK kÀth¡v Bh-iy-amb km[\ kma-{Kn-IÄ(s]³knÂ, dºÀ, kvsIbn-ep-IÄ, Af-¡m-\pÅ tS¸p-IÄF¶n-§-s\) tiJ-cn-¡p-I.

? ? ? kmaq-ly-þ-km-¼- nI kÀthIfnepw aäpw D]-tbm-Kn-¡m-\pÅ tNmZym -hen t]mse-bpÅ aäp kma-{Kn -IÄtiJ-cn-¡p-I.

? ? ? F©n-\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn-\n-Isf sXc-sª-Sp-¡pI? ? ? kÀth s{Sbn-\n-Isf sXc-sª-Sp-¡pI2. hnhc tiJ-cWw? ? ? {]mY-anI hnhc tiJ-c-Ww: `uXnI kÀth, kmaq-ly-þ-

km-¼-¯nI kÀth, {Sm^n-Iv -þ - {Sm³kvt]mÀt«-j³hnh-c-§Ä, ]cn -Øn-Xn -þ -ss]-XrI kÀth

? ? ? ZznXob hnhc tiJ-c-Ww: A\p-_Ôw VIII {]Im-c-apÅhnh-c-§Ä, hnI-k\ tcJ-IÄ, \oÀ -Sm-[n-jvTnX amÌÀ¹m\nsâ Ah-tem-I\ dnt¸mÀ«v, ]²Xn tcJ-IÄ

3. hnhc kam-l-cWw? ? ? {]mY-anI hnhc§fpsS kam-l-cWw? ? ? ZznXob hnhc§fpsS kam-l-cWw? ? ? tiJ-cn¨ hnh-c-§Ä I¼yq-«ÀhÂ¡-cn-¡pI

{]mtZ-inI hnI-k\cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-\mbn {Kma ]©m-b¯v /ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Xe-¯nÂhnhc tiJ-c-Whpw kam-l-c-Whpw \S-¯p-¶-Xn-\pÅ\S-]Sn {Ia-§-fmWv CuA²ym-b- nÂ NÀ¨ sN¿p-¶-Xv.

{]mcw`{]hÀ¯-\-§Ä

hnhckaml-cWw

??Pn.-]n.-Fkv kÀth?? `qhn-\n-tbmK kÀth??kmaq-ly-þ-km-¼- nI kÀth?? {Sm^n-Iv-þ-{Sm³kvt]mÀt«-

j³ hnhc tiJ-cWw??]cn-ØnXnþss]-XrI kÀth??ZznXob hnhc tiJ-cWw

hnhctiJ-cWw


42

4.3 {]mcw` {]hÀ -\-§Ä

4.3.1 IU-kv{SÂ `q]-S-§Ä tiJ-cn-¡ÂPnÃm If-IvS-dp-sStbm PnÃm Bkq-{XW

kanXn sNbÀam-sâtbm klm-b-t¯msSPnÃ-bnse apgp-h³ `qhn-`m-K-§-fp-sSbpwRSV/ ent¯m / dokÀth `q]-S-§-fpsStIm¸n-IÄ kÀth hIp- nÂ \n¶pw PnÃmSu¬ ¹m\À tiJ-cn-t¡-WvS-XmWv.

4.3.2 Pn]n-Fkv kÀth (Global Positioning System)

GPS kÀth¡v Bh-iy-amb {Iao-I-c-W-§Ä PnÃm Su¬ ¹m\À GÀs¸-Sp-t¯-WvSXm-Wv. Hmtcm q]-S- nsebpw thWvS{XAI-e-¯n-epÅ \mep Øm\-§-fpsSsb¦nepw A£mwiþ tcJmwi aqey-§Ä IWvSp]nSn-¡m-hp¶ hn[- n-em-bn-cn-¡Ww kÀth\S-t¯-WvS-Xv.

4.3.3. UnPn-ssäkv sNbvX q]-S-§Ä X¿m-dm-¡ÂIU-kv{SÂ `q]-S-§sf (RSV / ent m /

dokÀth `q]-S -§Ä) ASn-Øm-\-am¡nI¼yq -« -d nsâ klm -b -t¯m-sS -bmWv`q]-S-§Ä UnPn-ssäkv sNbvXv X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xv.\K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XW hIp- nse kwØm-\-Xet{]mPIvSv skÂ \nÝ-bn-¡p¶ kmt¦-XnIam\-Z-WvU-§Ä¡\p-k-cn v PnÃm \K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XW Hm^o-kmWv `q]-S-§-Ä UnPn-ssä-kvsN¿pI. C\n ]d-bp¶ Bdv {]hÀ -\-§-fn-eq-sS-bmWv q]-S-§Ä UnPn-ssäkv sN¿pI;{]hÀ¯\w 1þ IU-kv{SÂ q]-S-§Ä kvIm³

sNbvXv I¼yq-«-dnÂ tiJ-cn-¡p-I.{]hÀ¯\w 2þGPS kÀthbnÂ IWvSp-]n-Sn¨

A£mwiþ tcJmwi aqey -§ÄD]-tbm-Kn v, kvIm³ sNbvX IU-kv{SÂ`q]-S-§-fpsS {]Xn-_nw-_-§Ä¡v Ah{]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-¡p¶ `q`m-K-§-fp-ambn_Ô-s¸« kqN-I-§-fpw {]t£-]-§fpw\nÝ-bn-¡p¶p (Polyconic projection)

{]hÀ¯\w 3þ C§s\ PnÃ-bpsS sam¯wIU-kv {SÂ {]Xn -_nw -_-§fpw{]t£]w sNbvX tijw `q]-S-§ÄI¼yq-«-dnÂ ]cn-tim-[n-¡p-t¼mÄ X½nÂhnS-hp-IÄ DsWvS-¦n-tem,- H¶p asäm-¶nsâ apI-fn-embn Ib-dn-¡n-S-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n-tem, Ah-sbms¡ ]cn-l-cn-¡p-¶-Xn -\pÅ Xncp -¯-ep -I-fmWv CuL«- nÂ. C§s\ PnÃ-bp-sS sam¯-¯n-epÅ IUkv{SÂ {]Xn-_nw_w icn-bmbn c q] -s¸ - S p¯p¶p.

{]hÀ¯\w 4þPnÃ-bpsS IU-kv{SÂ {]Xn-_nw -_-¯nÂ PnÃ m A X n À ¯ n ,Xmeq¡v AXn-cp-IÄ, hntÃPv AXn-cp-IÄF¶nh BZysa UnPn-ssäkv sN¿p-¶p.Cu AXn-cp-IÄ UnPn-ssäkv sNbvXvIg n -ªmÂ, tijn¡p¶ tPmen-IÄ (kÀth AXn-cp-IÄ, kÀth \¼-cp-IÄ, tdmUp-IÄ, sdbnÂ, Pem-i-b-§ÄF¶n-§s\ auenI `q]-S-¯n-epÅkqN-I-§Ä DÄs¸-Sp-¯p-¶Xv) hntÃPvXe IU-kv{SÂ {]Xn-_nw-_-§-fnÂ]n¶oSv tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯p¶p. X¶n-an¯w{]tXyIw {]tXyIw I¼yq-«-dp-I-fnÂUnPn-ssä-tk-j³ tPmen ]qÀ¯n-bm-¡m³ km[y-am-Wv.

{]hÀ¯\w 5þUnPn-ssä-tk-j³ ]qÀ¯o-I-cn¨p Ign-ªmÂ {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän {]tZ-i-§-fpsS hntÃPv q]-S-§Ä1:5000 kvsIbn-enÂ t{SknwKv nen-ap-I-fnÂ I¼yq-«À {]nâp-IÄ FSp-¡p-I.C§s\ t{SknwKv joäp-I-fnÂ 1:5000

kvsIbn-enÂ A´na {]nâp-I-fmbn FSp-¡p¶ASn-Øm\ `q]-S-amWv hnhc tiJ-c-WL«¯nÂ uXnI kÀthbnÂ D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-I.ZznXob hnh-c-§Ä tcJ-s -Sp- p-¶-Xn\v 1:10000kvsIbn-en-tem, A3 hen- - ntem DÅ q]-S-§ÄD]-tbm-K-s¸-Sp-¯p¶p.


43

4.3.4 km[\ kma-{Kn-IÄ tiJ-cn-¡Â{]hÀ¯\w 1þ kmaq-ly-þ-km-¼- nI kÀth-

¡pÅ tNmZym-h-en, tÌj-\-dn, hc -b v¡m -\pÅ kma - {Kn -IÄ XpS§nBh-iy-amb FÃm km[\ kma-{Kn-IfpwtiJ-cn-¡m³ {Kma ]©m-b v /ap\n-kn- m-enän/tImÀ¸-td-j³ sk{I-«dn \S-]Sns s I s ¡ m t Å W v S - X m - W v .km[\ kma-{Kn-IÄ bYm-k-abw tiJ-cn-¨n-«p-sWvS¶v kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³I½n-än - Dd-¸p-h-cp -t¯ -W v S -X mW v .kmaq -ly-þ - km-¼-¯nI kÀth-¡pÅ tNmZym-henbpsS amXrI A\p-_Ôw IþÂ \ÂIn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.

{]hÀ¯\w 2þùXnI kÀth-bv¡mbn 1:5000kvsIbn -en -epÅ `q] -S -§-fpsSthWvS{X tIm¸n-IÄ \K-c-þ -{Km-am-kq-{XW PnÃm Hmô-knÂ \n¶v {Kma]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän / tImÀ -td-j³ sk{I-«dn tiJ-cn-t¡-WvS-Xm-Wv.(Hmtcm hmÀUv / Unhn-j\v Ipd-ªXvcWvSp Atam-Wnb {]nâp hoXsa-¦nepwF¶ \ne-bnÂ `q]-S§Ä tiJ-cn-¡-Ww)

{]hÀ¯\w 3þkvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K -j³I½nänsb Gev]n- n-cn-¡p¶ Npa-Xe-IÄ\nÀh-ln-¡p-¶-Xn\p thWvSn Xt±ikzbw`cW Øm]-\-¯nsâ 1:10000kvsIbn-en-epÅ `q]-S-§Ä Bh-iym-\p-k -cWw tiJ-c n -¡m³ Xt±ikzbw`cW Øm]\ sk{I-«dn \S-]SnssIs¡m-tÅWvS-XmWv. Cu q]-S- nÂ{][m\ tdmUp-IÄ, Ih-e-IÄ F¶n-§-s\ -b pÅ kqN-I-§fpw kÀthAXn-cp-Ifpw kÀth \¼-cp-Ifpw tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn--cn-¡-pw.

4.3.5 F©n-\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn-\n-Isf sXc-sª-Sp-¡ÂC\n ]d-bp¶ cWvSv coXn-I-fnsem¶vv

F©n\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn-\n-Isf sXc-sª-Sp-¡m³ Ah-ew-_n¡mhp-¶-Xm-Wv.coXn 1þ {Kma ]©mb¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän/tImÀ¸-td-j³ sXc-sª-Sp-¡p-¶-Xv.

CX-\p-k-cn¨v At]-£-IÄ £Wn-¡p-¶Xv Xt±i kzbw cW Øm]-\- nsâsk{I-«-dn-bm-Wv. LDP, IDDP cq]o-I-c-W- n-\mbn\o¡nh n-cn-¡p¶ ]²Xn hnln-X- nÂ\ n ¶ vsk{I-«-dn-bmWv s{Sbn-\n-IÄ¡v ssÌ¸âv\ÂIp-I.coXn 2þPnÃm Su¬ ¹m\À sXc-sª-Sp-¡p-¶-Xv.

t»m¡ v ]©m -b¯v Xe -¯nÂGähpw Ipd-ªXv aq¶v F©n-\o-b-dnwK vs{Sbn -\n -I-sf-sb-¦nepw (Iq -Sn -bXv {Kma]©mb¯pIfpsS F®-¯nsâ A{X)sXc-sª-Sp-¡p-¶Xn\v PnÃm Su¬ ¹m\ÀBWv At]-£-IÄ £Wn-¡p-¶-Xv. Xt±ikzbw`cW Øm]-\-§-fnÂ \n¶v LDP, IDDP

cq]o-I-c-W-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸«v F©n-\o-b-dnwKvs{Sbn-\n¡p thWvSn {]tXyIw kam-l-cn¨^WvSnÂ \n¶mWv ssÌ¸âv \ÂIpI. 1. F©n-\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn-\n-IÄ knhnÂ F©n-\o-b-dnwKv/ BÀ¡n-sS-IvNÀ {KmtUzäv

Bbn-cn-¡p-I-bmWv DNnXw. Ah-cpsS A`m-h-¯nÂ knhnÂ F©n-\o-b-dnwKv

Unt¹m-a¡msc ]cn-K-Wn-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. cWvSp hn`m-K- nÂ s]«-hcpw CsÃ-¦nÂ Pntbm-{K- n, Pntbm-fPn F¶n-h-bn-te-sX- ¦nepw _ncp-Zm-\-´-c- _n-cpZw DÅ-hsc

sXc-sª-Sp-¡mw. ({Km-tUzäv F©n-\o- bÀamÀ/ BÀ¡n-sS-Iväp-IÄ¡v aäp-Å- hsc

At]-£n v 20% IqSp-XÂ XpI ssÌ¸âv\ÂtI-WvS-Xm-Wv.)

2. F©n -\o -b - d n wK v s {Sbn -\ n -IÄ¡v C\n ]d-bp¶ ]cn-Nbw DWvSm-Ip-¶Xv

A`n-Im-ay-am-Wv: • Bt«m-¡m-Uv, Pn.-sF.-F-kv, Fw.-F-kv.-

Hm-ôkv F¶n-h-bnÂ kÀ«n-^n-¡äv • \oÀ -Sm-[n-jvTnX hnI-k-\- n-\m-bpÅ

hÀ¡nwKv {Kq nse {]hÀ¯\ ]cn-Nbw


44

• hntI{µo-Ir-Xm-kq-{X-W-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸«vhÀ¡nwKv {Kq¸p-I-fn-te-Xn-se-¦nepwAwKw F¶ \ne-bnÂ ]cn-N-bw.

• hntI-{µo-Ir-Xm-kq-{X-W-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸«GsX -¦nepw {]hÀ¯-\ -§-f nÂGÀs¸« ]cn-Nbw

• kmaq-ly-þ-km-¼- nI kÀth, uXnIkÀth, hn`h `q]S \nÀ½mWwF¶n-h-bn-te-Xn-se-¦n-ep-apÅ ]cn-Nbw

3. ]{X ]c-ky-§Ä aptJ\ At]-£-IÄ£Wn-t¡-WvS-Xm-Wv. PnÃm \K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XW Hmô-knÂ \n¶v PnÃm Xe- n-em-bn-cn-¡Ww ]ckyw \ÂtI-WvS-Xv.amXrIm At]£m t^mdw A\p-_Ôw VI Â\ÂIn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Ańa sXc-sª-Sp- n\vAt]-£-Isc Bh-iy-sa-¦nÂ CâÀhyqsN¿m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.

4. F©n-\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn-\n-IÄ¡v {]Xn- ew\ÂIp-¶Xv AhÀ tiJ-cn¨ hnh-c-§Ä{Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enänbnsekvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½nän ]cn-tim-[n vAwKo-I-cn¨ tij-am-bn-cn-¡-Ww. L«wL«-ambn thWw AhÀ¡v {]Xn-êw\ÂtI-WvS-Xv. (F©n-\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn-\n-I-fpsS tPmen-I-fpsS L«-§-fpw, HmtcmL«- nepw \ÂtIWvS GI-tZiXpIbpw A\p-_Ôw V Â \ÂIn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p){]Xn- ew \nÝ-bn-¡p-¶Xv PnÃm Bkq-{XW kan-Xn-bm-Wv.

5. F©n-\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn-\n-IÄ¡v Bh-iy-amb]cn-io-e-\w, \K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XW hIp¸v\ÂIp-¶-Xm-bn-cn-¡pw.

6. \nÀ±njvS tPmen ]qÀ¯o-I-cn-¡p-¶Xphsc tkh\w A\p-jvTn- p-sIm-Åm-sa¶vDd¸p \ÂIp¶ Hcp t_mWvSv F©n-\o-b-dnwKv s {Sbn\n _Ô-s¸« Xt±ikzbw`cW Øm]\ sk{I-«-dn¡v \ÂtI-WvS-XmWv.

4.3.6 kÀth-bÀ s{Sbn-\n-Isf sXc-sª-Sp-¡Â1. {]mY-anI hnhc tiJ-c-W- n-\mbn {]mtZ-inI Xe-¯n-emWv kÀth-bÀ s{Sbn-\n-Isf sXc-sª-Sp-¡p-¶-Xv.2. Hmtcm hmÀUnÂ / Unhn-j-\nÂ kÀth \S- p-¶-Xn\v cWvSp kÀth-bÀ s{Sbn-\n- I-sf-bmWv sXc-sª-Sp-¡p-I.ùXnI kÀthbpw kmaq -ly -þ -km -¼-¯nI kÀthbpw AhÀ \S-¯p-¶-Xm-Wv.3. kÀth-bÀ s{Sbn-\n-Isf sXc-sª-Sp- ¡p-¶Xv Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-am-Wv. \nb-an-¡p-¶Xv sk{I-«-dn-bm-bn-cn-¡pw. sXc-sª-Sp -¡-s¸Sm -\pÅ AÀlX C{]-Im-c-am-Wv: • {Um vSvkvam³ knhnÂ AYhm

kÀth-bnw-KnÂ sFSnsF kÀ«n- n-¡-äpÅhcm-bn -cn -¡Ww At]-£-IÀ.knhnÂ F©n-\o-b-dnw-KnÂ Un{KntbmUnt¹m-atbm DÅ-h-scbpw ]cn-K-Wn-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv.

• kÀth \S-¯p¶ hmÀUnÂ Xs¶Xma-kn-¡p-¶-hÀ¡v ap³KW\DWvSm-bn-cn-¡pw.

4. ]{X ]c-ky-§-fn-eqsS thWw At]£ £Wn-t¡-WvS-Xv. amXrIm t^mdwA\p- _Ôw VII Â \ÂIn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.Ańa sXc-sª-Sp- n-\mbn At]-£-IscCâÀhyq sN¿m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.5. kÀth tPmen hnP-b-I-c-ambn ]qÀ¯n-bm- ¡n-b-Xmbn kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½n-än-bpsS tPmbnâv I¬ho-\À km£y- s¸Sp- p-t¼mÄ kÀth-bÀ s{Sbn-\n-IÄ¡v Bkq-{XW kanXn \nÝ-bn-¡p¶ {]Xn- ew {Kma ]©m-b v/ap\n-kn- m-enän sk{I-«dn \ÂtI-WvS-XmWv. kÀth-bÀ s{Sbn-\n-I-fpsS {]Xn -êw L«-§-fm -bmWv\ÂIp-I. kmaq-ly-þ-km-¼- nIkÀth Ign-bp-t¼m- gmWv BZy L«-¯nÂ {]Xn- ew \ÂIp-I. cWvSm-aXpL«- nÂ {]Xn- ew \ÂIp-¶Xv `qhn-\n-tbmK kÀth ]qÀ¯n-bmbn¡gn- bp-t¼m-gm-Wv.


45

6. sXc-sªSp-¡-s -«-hÀ¡v {]mY-anI kÀthkw_-Ôn¨v Xnbdn ¢mÊpw ôÂUv]cnio-e-\hpw DÄs¸sS cWvSp Znh-ks¯]cn-io-e\w \ÂIp¶XmWv. \K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XW hIp- mWv ]cn-io-e\w kwL-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xv.

4.4 hnhc tiJ-cWw{]mY-anI hnh-c-§-fp-sSbpw ZznXob

hnh-c-§-fp-sSbpw tiJ-c-W-amWv hnhctiJ-cWw sImWvSp-t±-in-¡p-¶-Xv. {]mY-anIhnh-c-§Ä F¶-XvsImWvSv Dt±-in-¡p-¶-Xv,hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-IÄ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-\mbn{]tXyIw \S-¯p¶ hnhc tiJ-c-W-s¯-bmWv. hnhn[ kÀsÆ-IÄ \S- n-bmWv {]mY-anI hnhc tiJ-cWw \S- p-¶-Xv. ZznXobhnh-c-§Ä F¶p ]dªmÂ hnhn[ Øm]-\-§Ä tiJ-cn¨p h¨n-cn-¡p¶ hnh-c-§-fm-Wv.hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡m³ Ch \nÝnX]«n-I-I-fnÂ tiJ-cn-¡p-Ibpw t{ImUo-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän / tImÀ -td-j³ Xe- nse kvt]jyÂCâ-t{K-j³ I½n-än-sb-bmWv hnhc tiJ-c-W-¯nsâ GtIm-]\ Npa-Xe GÂ]n- n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. XÕw-_-Ô-ambn ]cn-io-e\w \ÂIp-¶Xv\K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XW hIp- m-Wv.

4.4.1 {]mY-anI hnhc tiJ-cWw{]mY-anI hnhc tiJ-c-W-¯nÂ

Ch-sbms¡ DÄs¸Spw • kmaqly km¼-¯nI kÀth • ùXnI kÀth • {Sm^n-Iv-þ-{Sm³kvt]mÀt«-j³ hnhc

tiJ-cWw • ]cn-ØnXn þ ss]XrI kÀth

kÀth \S- p-¶-Xn-\pÅ coXnimkv{XwA\p-_Ôw I apXÂ IV hsc \ÂIn-bn-cn-¡p¶p

kÀth-bÀ s{Sbn-\n-amÀ F©n-\o-b-dnwKvs{Sbn-\n-bp-sSbpw kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³I½n-än-bp-sSbpw taÂt\m-«- nÂ kmaq-ly-þ-km-¼-¯nI kÀthbpw ùXnI kÀthbpw

\S-¯-Ww. hÀ¡nwKv {Kq¸v AwK-§fpw Bh-iy-amb klmbw \ÂIWw. kÀth tPmen-IÄ GtIm-]n -¸n -t¡-WvSXv dntkmgvkvt]gvk¬ BWv. Hmtcm hmÀUn\pw hnhctiJ-c-W- n\v cWvSp kÀth-bÀ s{Sbn-\n-IÄDWvSm-Ipw. HcpF©n-\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn-\n-bpsStkh\w Hcp {Kma ]©m-b- nÂ / ap\n-kn-¸m-en-än-bnÂ Dd- m-¡p¶ coXn-bn-emWv cWvSpkÀth-I-fp-sSbpw ka-b- -«nI \nÝ-bn-¡p-I.apI-fnÂ kqNn-¸n¨ aäp cWvSp kÀth-IÄF©n-\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn-\n-I-fmWv \S- p-I.Npa-Xe 1 : kmaq-ly-þ-km-¼- nI kÀth{]hÀ¯\w 1þ Hmtcm hmÀUnse / Unhn-j-

\nse ]mÀ¸n-S-§-fnÂ 10 iX-am\wkÀth-bnÂ DÄs -Sp- -Ww. ]©m-b v{]tZ-i-§-fnÂ 3 Znhkw sImWvSpw, ap\n-kn -¸Â {]tZ-i-§-fnÂ 4 ZnhkwsImWvSpw kÀth ]qÀ¯n-bm-¡-Ww.A\p-_Ôw I se coXn-imkv{Xw A\p-k-cn¨v thWw kÀth \S-t¯-WvS-Xv.

{]hÀ¯\w 2þhoSp-IÄ hoWvSpw kµÀin¨vkmaqlyþkm¼-¯nI kÀth t^md-§-fnÂ 10 iX-am\w F©n-\o-b-dnwKvs{Sbn\n ]cn-tim-[\ \S- -Ww. CXvdntkmgvkv t]gvk¬ ]ns¶bpw ]cn-tim-[n-¡Ww

Npa-Xe 2 : ùXnI kÀth{]hÀ¯\w 1þ Hmtcm XpWvSp `qan-bp-sSbpw

apJy D]-tbm-K-hpw, {][m\ sI«n-S-§-fpsS ssIhi kw_-Ô-amb D]-tbm-Khpw Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-{]tZi¯nsâ 1 :5000- kvsIbnenepÅASnØm\ `q]-S-¯nsâ {]nâp-I-fnÂAS-bm-f-s -Sp- n-bmWv uXnI kÀth\S-¯pI. (4.3.3, {]hÀ¯\w 5; 4.3.4,{]hÀ¯\w 2 Ch ImWp-I.)


46

{]hÀ¯\w 2þùXnI kÀth hnh-c-§Ä (`q-hn-\n-tbmK `q]-Sw) F©n-\o-b-dnwKvs{Sbn\n kq£va-ambn ]cn-tim-[n-¡-Ww.tdmUp-IÄ, Pem-i-b-§Ä XpS-§nb{][m\ kqN-I-§Ä Øe¯p sN¶pXs¶ t_m[y-s¸-S-Ww. dntkmgvkvt]gvk-Wpw Øew kµÀin v `qhn-\n-tbmK `q]Sw ]cn-tim-[-\m- hn-t[-b-am -¡Ww kÀth \S -t¯-WvSX vA\p-_Ôw II Â {]Xn-]m-Zn- n-cn-¡p-¶Xpt]mse Bbn-cn-¡-Ww.

{]hÀ¯\w 3þùXnI kÀth hnh-c-§ÄNneXp sXc-sª-Sp¯v Øe¯pt]mbn ]cn-tim-[\ \S-¯m³ PnÃmSu¬ ¹m\nwKv Hmô-knse DtZym-K-Øcpw {i² sNept¯WvS-Xm-Wv.

Npa-Xe 3þ {Sm^n-Iv-þ-{Sm³kvt]mÀt«-j³hnhc tiJ-cWw

A\p-_Ôw III Â ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶Xp{]Im-c-am-bn-cn-¡Ww hnh-c-§Ä tiJ-cn-t¡-WvS-Xv. _Êp-IÄ HmSn-s¡m-WvSn-cn-¡p¶Xnsâ CS-thf bpsS ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ tdmUnsâ{]m[m\yw a\-Ên-em-¡nbpwtdmUnsâ DS-a-ØX A\p-k-cn¨pw FÃm tdmUp-Ifpw Xcw Xncn-¡pI F¶-XmWv {][m\ {]hÀ -\w.

Nne PnÃ-I-fnÂ ‘\mSv]mIv’ (NATPAC)

t]mse-bpÅ GP³kn -IÄ {Sm^n -I v -þ -{Sm³kvt]mÀt«-j³ kÀth \S-¯n-bn-«pWvSvF¶ Imcyw {i²n-¡-Ww. {]k-à-ambhnh-c-§Ä A¯cw kÀth-I-fnÂ \n¶vFSp-¡p-I-bpw, A[nI hnh-c-§Ä thW-sa-¦nÂ Ah am{Xw \K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XW hIp-¸nsâ \nÀt±im\p-k-cWw {]mY-anI kÀth-bn-epsS tiJ-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNt¿-WvS-Xm-Wv.AX-\p-k-cn¨v F©n-\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn\n tiJ-cn-¡p¶ hnh-c-§Ä dntkmgvkv t]gvk¬kq£va-ambn ]cn-tim-[n-¡p-Ibpw thWw.

Npa-Xe 4: ]cn-ØnXn þ ss]XrI kÀthPem-i-b-§Ä, h\-§Ä, Imhp-IÄ, IWvSÂ¡m-Sp-IÄ XpS§n ]cn-ØnXn {]map-Jy-apÅFÃmw Xs¶ IsWvS-¯n am¸nÂ tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯p-I-bmWv ]cn-ØnXn kÀth-bnse {][m\{]hÀ -\w. A\p-_Ôw IV A bnÂ \nÀt±-in-¨n-cn-¡p-¶Xp t]mse Cu kÀth \S-t -WvS-Xm-Wv.

A\p-_Ôw IV B bnÂ ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶Xpt]mse ss]XrI {]m[m-\y-apÅ \nÀ½n-Xn-IfpwAh-bpsS {]tZi§-fp-sams¡ IsWvS-¯p-I-bmWv ss]XrI kÀth-bnse {]hÀ¯\w.hnhc tiJ-cWw kw_-Ôn v F©n-\o-b-dnwKvs{Sbn-\n-IÄ¡v Bh-iy-amb amÀK-\nÀtZ-i-§Ä \ÂtI-WvSXv dntkmgvkv t]gvk¬am-cm-Wv. tiJ-cn¨ hnh-c-§Ä AhÀ kq£va-ambn ]cn-tim-[n-¡p-Ibpw thWw.

4.4.2 ZznXob hnhc tiJ-cWwF©n-\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn-\n-bmWv ZznXob

hnh-c-§Ä tiJ-cn-t¡-WvS-Xv. Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-¯nse hÀ¡nwKv {Kq¸p-IÄX§-fpsS ssIh-i-apÅ ZznXob hnh-c-§ÄF©n-\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn-\n¡p ssIam-dp-I-bpw,F©n-\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn\n tiJ-cn¨ hnh-c-§Äicn-bmtWm F¶p t_m[y-s -Sp-Ibpw thWw.hnh -c -§Ä tiJ-cn -¡m³ dntkmg vk vt]gvkWpw Bh-iy-amb amÀK \nÀt±-i-§Ä\ÂIp-Ibpw klm-bn-¡p-Ibpw thWw.Npa-Xe 5 : {]mtZ-inI Xe ZznXob hnhc

tiJ-cWw{]hÀ¯\w 1þ A\p-_Ôw VIII Â \ÂIn-bn-

cn-¡p¶ sN¡v enÌnsâ ASnØm-\-¯nÂ Bbn-cn-¡Ww F©n-\o-b-dnwKvs{Sbn\n ZznXob hnh-c-§Ä tiJ-cn-t¡-WvS-Xv. taJem kw_-Ô-amb hnhc-§fpw ASn-Øm\]c-ambn Ah-bnÂDÄs¸-Spw.


47

{]hÀ¯\w 2þtiJ-cn hnh-c-§Ä qhn-\ntbmK`q]-S-hp-ambn H¯p t\mt¡WvS-Xm-Wv.

{]hÀ¯\w 3þF©n-\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn-\n-IÄtiJ-cn¨ hnh-c -§Ä dntkmg vkvt]gvk¬amÀ kq£va-ambn ]cn-tim-[n-t¡-WvS-Xm-Wv.

Npa-Xe 6 : aäv ZznXob hnh-c-§Ä tiJ-cn-¡ÂC\n ]d-bp¶ aäv hnh-c-§Ä tiJ-cn

t¡-WvSXv F©n-\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn-\n-bm-Wv: • _Ô-s¸« Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-

nsâ H¼Xpw ]¯pw ]©-hÕc]²-Xn-I-fnse hnI-k\ tcJ

• _Ô-s¸« t»m¡nse \oÀ -Sm-[n-jvTnXamÌÀ ¹m\nsâ Ah-tem-I\ dnt¸mÀ«v

• Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-¯nsâIgnª hÀjs¯ ]²Xn tcJbpwhnhn[ hIp- p-I-fn-eqsS \S- n-em-¡nbt{]mP-IvSp -Ifpw ]cn-]m-Sn -Ifpw

4.5 hnhc kam-l-cWw

4.5.1 {]mY-anI hnhc kam-l-cWwNpa-Xe 7 : ùXnI kÀth hnh-c-§-fpsS

kam-l-cWw{]hÀ¯\w 1þ 1:5000 kvsIbn-en-epÅ hnhn[

hmÀUv `q]-S- nse qhn-\n-tbmK hnh-c-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-en-än-/ tImÀ¸-td-j³ 1:10000 kvsIbn-en-epÅ qhn\n-tbmK q]-S- n-te¡v amäntcJ-s -Sp- p-I. F©n-\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn-\n-bmWv Cu tPmen sNt¿-WvS-Xv.

{]hÀ¯\w 2þA\p-_Ôw III {]ImcwtiJ-cn¨ {Sm^n-Iv-þ{Sm³kvt]mÀt«-j³kÀth hnh-c-§Ä (tdm-Up-I-fpsSDS-am-h-Im-iw, tdmUp-I-fpsS {]m[m\yw,

KXm-KX XS-ÊapÅ Øe-§Ä, A]-I-S-I-camb hf-hp-IÄ, Ip¯-s\-bpÅsNcn-hp-IÄ, Ih-e-I-fpsS t]cp-IÄ){]hÀ¯\w 1 Â kqNn- n¨ qhn-\n-tbmK`q]-S-¯ntem, 1:10000 kvsIbn-en-epÅXt±i kzbw cW Øm]\¯nsâ {]-tXyI q]-S- ntem AS-bm-f-s -Sp- p-I.

{]hÀ¯\w 3þA\p-_Ôw IV A\p-k-cn¨vkÀth hnh-c-§Ä {]hÀ¯\w 1 ÂkqNn- n¨ `qhn-\n-tbmK `q]-S- n-tem,Xt±i kzbw `cW Øm]\¯nsâ{]tXyI `q]-S-¯ntem AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯p-I.

Npa-Xe 8: `qhn -\n -tbm-Kw, {Sm^n -Iv -þ -{Sm³kvt]mÀt«j³, ]cn-ØnXn-þss]XrIw F¶n-§-s\-bpÅhbpsS hnh-c-§Ä ssIam-dp-I.

{]hÀ¯\w 1 -- -þ qhn -\n -tbm-Kw, {Sm^n-Iv -þ -{Sm³kvt]mÀt«-j³, ]cn -Øn-Xn -þ -ss]-XrIw F¶n-§-s\-bpÅ hnh-c-§Ä kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½nänkq£va-ambn ]cn-tim-[n-t¡-WvS-Xm-Wv.

{]hÀ¯\w 2þ {]kvXpX hnh-c-§Ä {Kma]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän/ tImÀ¸td-j³ sk{I-«dn H¸p h¨v PnÃm Su¬¹m\À¡v ssIam-dp-I.

{]hÀ¯\w 3- - - - - þC{]-Imcw `q]-S-§-fnÂ tcJ-s -Sp¯n ssIam-dn-¡n-«nb hnh-c-§ÄGIS Â UnPn-ssäkv sN¿-Ww. CutPmen PnÃm Su¬ ¹m\-dpsS Hmô-knÂ sNt¿WvS-XmWv

-Npa-Xe 9 : kmaq-ly-þ-km-¼- nI kÀthhnh-c-§-fpsS kam-l-cWw

{]hÀ¯\w 1-þkmaq-ly-þ-km-¼-¯nI kÀthbneqsS tiJ-cn¨ hnh-c-§Ä PnÃmSu¬ ¹m\nwKv Hmô-knÂ \n¶p\ÂIp¶ \nÀt±-i-§Ä ]men v I¼yq-«-dn-te¡v ]IÀt¯-WvS-Xm-Wv. UmämF³{Sn tPmen-IÄ {Kma ]©m-b- n\v/ap\n-kn-¸m-en-än¡v/ tImÀ¸-td-j\v Xs¶t\cn«v sN¿m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. AsÃ-¦nÂ,PnÃm Su¬ ¹m\À AwKo-I-cn-¨pÅGsX-¦nepw I¼yq-«À Øm]-\s¯Gev]n-¡m- hp-¶-Xp-am-Wv. Umäm F³{Snkw_-Ô-amb ]cn-io-e-\-§Ä \K-c-þ-{Km-a-mkq-{XW hIp- nsâ PnÃm Hmôkv\ÂtIWvS-XmWv.


48

{]hÀ¯\w 2þUnPn-äÂ cq]- n-em-¡nb taÂhnh-c-§Ä F©n-\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn-\n-bpsSklm-b-t¯msS kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½n-än-bpsS tPmbnâv I¬ho-\À]cn-tim-[\m hnt[-b-am-t¡-WvS-Xm-Wv.

{]hÀ¯\w 3þhnh-c-§Ä knUn (Compact

Disc) bnte¡v ]IÀ¯pINpa-Xe 10: knUn-bn -em-¡nb kmaq-ly-þ -

km-¼- nI hnh-c-§Ä ssIam-dp-I.{]hÀ¯\w 1-þknUn-bn-em-¡nb kmaq-ly-þ-

km-¼-¯nI hnh-c-§-fpw, bmZr-ÝnIcoXn (random) bnÂ sXc-sª-Sp¯ 10iX-am\w kmaq-ly-þ-km-¼- nI kÀtht^mÀam-äp-Ifpw ]cn-tim-[-\-¡mbnPnÃm Su¬ ¹m\-dpsS Hm^o-knÂGÂ]n-¡p-I.

{]hÀ¯\w 2-þUmäm F³{Sn-bpsS IrXyX]cn-tim-[n¨v PnÃm Su¬ ¹m\À A\p-aXn \ÂIn-bmÂ Xt±i kzbw`cWØm]\ sk{I-«-dn¡v Umäm F³{Sn \S-¯nb I¼yq-«À Øm]-\- n\v {]Xn- -e- pI \ÂIm-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.

{]hÀ¯\w 3-þUmäm amÌÀ tS_nÄ X¿m-dm-¡ÂHmtcm Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-hpambpw _Ô-s¸«v \K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XW Hm^okv Hcp Umäm amÌÀ

tS_nÄ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶p. Ch kam-l-cn vPnÃm Umäm amÌÀ tS_nfpw XpSÀ¶vX¿m-dm-¡p-¶p.

4.5.2 ZznXob hnhc kam-l-cWwkvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½n-än-bmWv

ZznXob hnhc kam-l-cWw \S- p-I.Npa-Xe 11: hnI-k\ tcJ-bn-sebpw t»m¡p-

Xe \oÀ¯S amÌÀ ¹m³Ah-tem-I\ dnt¸mÀ«nsebpwhnh-c-§Ä kam-l-cn-¡Â.

taÂ kqNn- n¨ cWvSp tcJ-I-fnepwhnI-k\ {]iv\-§fpw km[y-X-Ifpw \nÀt±-i-§fpw kam-l-cn- n-«p-WvSm-hpw. Ch ]«nI4.1, ]«nI 4.2, ]«nI 4.3 F¶n-h-bnse t^mÀam-äp-I-fn-te¡v t{ImUo-Icn¡-Ww. hnI-k\{]iv\-§Ä IsWvS- p-t¼mÄ, hnI-k\ tcJ-bnÂ kqNn- n- n«pÅ FÃm {]iv\-§fpw FSp-¡p-¶-Xn\p ]Icw Gähpw {][m-\-s¸-«ham{Xw FSp-¡m-\mWv kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³I½nän {i²n-t¡-WvS-Xv. AXm-b-Xv, FÃm{]iv\-§-sfbpw {Kq¸p Xncn¨ tijw Ah-bnÂ s]mXp-hm-bXv IsWvS- p¶ coXn-bmWvAh-ew-_n-t¡-WvS-Xv. hnI-k\ km[y-X-I-fpsSImcy-¯nepw CtX coXn Ah-ew-_n-¡-Ww.

hmÀUv \¼À Øet¸cv

Øm\w{Ia \¼À hnI-k\ {]iv\-§Ä

Xt±i kzbw `cW Øm]-\-¯nsâ t]cv : hnI-k\ taJe : D]-ta-Je :

]«nI 4.1 hnI-k\ {]iv\-§Ä kam-l-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ t^mÀamäv


49


Øm\w{Ia \¼À hnI-k\ km[y-X-IÄ


]«nI 4.2 hnI-k\ km[y-XIÄ kam-l-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ t^mÀamäv


Øm\w{Ia \¼À hnI-k\ \nÀt±§Ä


Npa-Xe 12: IsWvS -¯nb {]iv\ -§fpsS eLp KpcpXz ]«nIX¿mdm-¡Â

{]hÀ¯\w 1-- - - þHmtcm D]-ta-J-e-bnÂ \n¶pw]c-am-h[n 10 {][m\ hnIk\ {]iv\-§ÄhoXw kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{Kj³ I½n-änsXc-sªSp¡-Ww. kam\ kz`m-hapÅ{]iv\-§Ä H¶n¨p tNÀt¡-WvS-Xm-Wv.

{]hÀ¯\w 2þ]«nI 4.1 se {]iv\-§sfBkv]-Z-am¡n C\n ]d-bp¶ t{KUnw-Knsâ ASn -Øm-\-¯nÂ HcpeLp

]«nI 4.3 hnI-k\ \nÀt±i§Ä kam-l-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ t^mÀamäv

KpcpXz ]«nI X¿m-dm-t¡-WvS-Xm-Wv.AXv ]«nI 4.4 Bbn ImWn- n-cn-¡p-¶p.{]iv\-§-fpsS eLp-Kp-cpXzw C\n]d-bp¶ Xc- n-emWv \nÝ-bn-t¡-WvS-Xv.

1. AXoh Kpcp-Xcw2. Kpcp-Xcw3. {]iv\-ap-WvSv, ]t£ Kpcp-X-c-a-Ã.

{]hÀ¯\w 3þ {]iv\ -_m -[n -X -ambhmÀUnsâ t]tcm \¼tcm IqSnIgn-hXpw kqNn- n-t¡-WvS-Xm-Wv.


50

{Ia \¼À {]iv\-§Ä t{KUv hmÀUv \¼À

1 1 1, 11, 12

2 1 3, 5, 8

3 1

4 1 2, 10, 8

5 2 5, 9, 7

6 2

7 3 4, 5, 7

]«nI 4.1 {]Imcw

Xt±i kzbw `cW Øm]-\-¯nsâ t]cv : hÀ¡nwKv {Kq¸nsâ t]cv : taJe : D]-ta-Je :

]«nI 4.4 {]iv\-§-fpsS eLp-Kp-cpXz ]«nI

Npa-Xe 13 : km[y-X-I-fpsS \ne-hmc ]«nIX¿m-dm-¡Â

{]hÀ¯\w 1þ ]«nI 4.2 se km[y-X-IÄ¡p\ÂIp¶ t{KUnw-Kns\ ASn-Øm-\-am¡n kvt]jyÂ C³t{K-j³ I½nänHcp km[yXm \ne-hmc ]«nI X¿m-dm-¡-Ww.]«nI 4.5 Â AXp \ÂIn-bncn-¡p-¶p-.

kam\ km[y-X-IÄ H¶n¨p tNÀ¡m- hp-¶-Xm-Wv.

km[y-X-I-fpsS \ne-hmcw t{KUpsN¿p-¶Xv C{]-Im-c-am-Wv.

1þ Ipdª km[yX2þ DbÀ¶ km[yX3þ hfsc DbÀ¶ km[yX

{Ia \¼À km[y-X-IÄ t{KUv hmÀUv \¼À

1 1 1, 11, 12

2 1 3, 5, 8

3 3 4, 5, 7

]«nI 4.1 {]Imcw

Xt±i `cW Øm]-\-¯nsâ t]cv : hÀ¡nwKv {Kq¸nsâ t]cv : D]-ta-Je :

]«nI 4.5 km[y-X-I-fpsS \ne-hmc ]«nINpa-Xe 14: ]²Xn tcJm hnh -c -§Ä

kam-l-cn-¡ÂHmtcm Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-

¯n-sâbpw ]²Xn tcJm hnh-c-§fnÂ{]k-à-am-bh ]«nI 4.6 A\p-k-cn v thWwkam-l-cn-t¡-WvS-Xv.

{]hÀ¯\w 1þ ]²Xn tcJ-bnse hnh-c-§Äkam-l-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ Hmtcm D]- ta-J-e-bn-sebpw {][m\ t{]mP-IvSp-I-fm-bn-cn-¡Ww kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½nän]cn-K-Wn-t¡-WvS-Xv.


51

]«nI 4.6 ]²Xn tcJm hnh-c-§Ä kam-l-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ t^mÀamäv* {]hÀ¯\ L«w : ]qÀ¯o-I-cn-¨p. \S¶p sImn-cn-¡p-¶p. Bcw-`n-¨n-Ã, Dt]-£n-¨p.

Npa-Xe 15 : {]mtZ-inI Xe hnhc dnt¸mÀ«pwZznXob hnh-c-§fpw kaÀ n-¡Â

tiJ-cn¨ hnh-c-§-fpsS ASn-Øm-\- nÂhnI-k\ cwKs¯ {][m-\-s¸« {]iv\-§fpwkm[y-X-Ifpw \nÀt±-i-§fpw DÄs¡m-Ån¨vHcp kw£n]vX dnt¸mÀ« v kvt]jyÂCâ-t{K-j³ I½nän X¿m-dm¡n ]©m-b¯vkanXnbnÂ/ ap\n-kn- Â Iu¬kn-enÂ Ah-X-cn-¸n-t¡-WvS-Xm-Wv. A\p-_Ôw VIII Â tiJ-cn-¡p¶

Xcw Xncn-¡-Ww:• Xt±i kzbw `cW Øm]\ Xew• hmÀUv Xew• hyànKX KpW-t`màr Xew

{]mtZ-inI Xe ZznXob hnh-c-§Ä F©n-\o-b-dn-wKv s{Sbn\n PnÃm \K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XWHm^o-knÂ kaÀ¸n-t¡-WvS-Xm-Wv.

{][m-\-s¸« {]mtZ-inI Xe hnh-c-§sf¡pdn¨pw Ah-bpsS tiJ-c-W-¯n\pwkam-l-c-W- n-\p-apÅ \S-]Sn {Ia-§sf¡pdn-¨p-amWv CXp-hsc hni-Zo-I-cn- -Xv. C{]-Imcwkam-l-cn¨ hnh-c-§-fmWv {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\cq]-tcJ-Ifpw kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ-bpw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn\v D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-I.

* Xt±i `cW Øm]\ Xew

hmÀUv Xew

hyànKX KpW-t`m-àr-Xew

hmÀUv \¼À

Øe t¸cv

{Ia \¼À

Xt±i `cW Øm]-\- nsâ t]cv : hÀ¡nwKv {Kq¸nsâ t]cv :

t{]mPÎv{]hÀ¯\ L«w

(C-t¸m-gs¯ ØnXn)

]²Xn sNehv (b-YmÀ° sNehv)

Bcw-`n¨ hÀjw

tkh\Xew Øew

{]hÀ¯\w 2þt{]mPIvSp -Isf Ah-bpsStkh\Xew A\p-k-cn¨v hÀ¡nwKv{Kq¸p-IÄ C\n ]dbpw {]Imcw aq¶mbn

{]mtZ-inI hnI-k\cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xp-ambn _Ô-s¸« {][m\{]hÀ -\-§Ä Ch-bmWv:? ? ? hnhc tiJ-c-Whpw

kam-l-c-Whpw? ? ? hni-I-e\w? ? ? cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡Â

A²ymbw V

IcSv {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ5.1. {]mcw`w

{Kma ]©m-b-¯nsâ / ap\n-kn-¸m-en-än-bpsS hnI-k\cq]-tcJ-I-sf-bmWv {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ (LDP)

F¶p hnfn-¡p-¶-Xv. IcSv {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJX¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ \S-]Sn {Ia-§-fmWv Cu A[ym-b- nÂhni-Zo-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. Ignª A[ym-b-¯nÂ hnh-c-§-fpsSBh-iy-I-X-sb-¡p-dn¨pw hnhc tiJ-cWw, hnhc kam-l-c-WwF¶n-h-bpsS \S-]Sn {Ia-§-sf-¡p-dn¨pw hni-Zo-I-cn-¨n-«p-ÅXpsImWvSv IcSv {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-\m-h-iy-amb hnhc hni-I-e-\-s -¡p-dn¨v C\n NÀ¨ sN¿mw.

5.2 cq]o-I-cW {]{Inb

Hcp {Kma ]©m-b-¯nsâ / ap\n-kn-¸m-en-än -bpsS{]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xp-ambn _Ô-s¸«vASn-Øm-\-]-c-ambn aq¶p L«-§-fp-WvSv. AXnsâ tcJmNn{XwChnsS Nn{Xw 5.1 Â \ÂIn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.

Nn{Xw 5.1. {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p¶ {]{Inb

1. hnhc tiJ-c-Whpw kam-l-c-Whpw (I-gnª A[ym-b- nÂ hni-Zo-I-cn- n-«p-v)2. hni-I-e\w? ? ? ? Øe-]c hni-I-e\w þ \K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XW hIp v

\S¯p-¶-Xm-bn-cn¡pw? ? ? ? {]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e\w þ kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³

I½n-än-bm-bn-cn¡pw CXp \nÀh-ln-¡pI3. cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡Â? ? ? ? hnI-k\hmZ-ap-J-§Ä Is- p-Ibpw Dt±ie£y-§Ä

\nÝ-bn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pI


52

hnhchnhctiJtiJ--cc --WhpwWhpw

kaka--ll--cc--WhpwWhpw

{]{]mtZmtZ--inIinI XeXehnihni--II--ee\\ww

hnIhnI--kk\\{]iv{]iv\\--§Ä§Ä

Dt±iDt±ie£ye£y--§Ä§Ä

hnIhnI--kk\\k¦ev]wk¦ev]w

\\bb--§fpw§fpwX{´X{´--§§fpwfpw

ØeØe--]c]chnihni--II--ee\\ww IcSvIcSv IDDP IDDP bpsSbpsS

IsIs-- --epep--IÄIÄ

hnhchnhctiJtiJ--cc --WhpwWhpw

kaka--ll--cc--WhpwWhpw

{]{]mtZmtZ--inIinI XeXehnihni--II--ee\\ww

hnIhnI--kk\\{]iv{]iv\\--§Ä§Ä

Dt±iDt±ie£ye£y--§Ä§Ä

hnIhnI--kk\\k¦ev]wk¦ev]w

\\bb--§fpw§fpwX{´X{´--§§fpwfpw

ØeØe--]c]chnihni--II--ee\\ww IcSvIcSv IDDP IDDP bpsSbpsS

IsIs-- --epep--IÄIÄ

IcS v {]mtZ -inIhnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p¶Xn\pÅ \S -]S n{Ia-§-fmWv Cu A²ym-b-¯nÂ NÀ¨ sN¿p-¶-Xv.{]tXy-In- pw, {Kma ]©m-b v /ap\n-kn-¸m-enän hnI-k\cq]tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xnsâ{]{In-b-IÄ.

? ? ? ? hnI-k\ k¦Â]w Bhn-jv¡-cn-¡pI? ? ? ? \b-§fpw X{ -§fpw cq]o-I-cn-¡pI? ? ? ? dnt¸mÀ«v X¿m-dm-¡Â

5.3 hnhc hni-I-e\w{]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-

dm-¡p-¶-Xn\v cWvSp Xc- n-epÅ hni-I-e\w\S-t -WvS-Xm-bpWvSv þ Øe-]c hni-I-e-\w,{]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e-\w. kmt¦-Xn-I-ambA]-{K-Y-\-amWv Øe-]c hni-I-e\w F¶-Xp-sImWvSv Dt±-in-¡p-¶Xv (A-\p-_-Ôw IX).P\-§-fpsS hnI-k\ kw_-Ô-amb A`n-em-j-§Ä Xn«-s -Sp- p-¶-Xn-\mWv {]mtZ-inI Xehni-I-e\w \S-¯p-¶-Xv. Hmtcm Xt±ikzbw`cW Øm]-\-hp-ambpw _Ô-s¸«vØe-]c hni-I-e-\hpw {]mtZ-inI Xe hni-I-e-\hpw \S-¯p-¶-Xn-\mbn tiJ-cn-¡p-Ibpwkam-l-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ hnh-c-§Ä C\n]d-bp-¶-h-bm-Wv.? ? ? ? \ne-hnse `qhn-\n-tbmK `q]Sw þ {Sm n-Iv-þ

{Sm³kvt]mÀt«j³ kÀth hnh-c-§Ä, ]cn-Øn-Xn-þ-ss]-XrI kÀthhnh-c-§Ä F¶nh DÄs -Sp- n-b-Xv,\ne-hnse hmÀ¯m hn\n-ab irwJem`q] -Sw , aäp ]Ým -¯e kuIcy`q]Sw þ FÃmw UnPn-ssäkv sNbvXv(Np-a-Xe 1, 2, 3, 4)

? ? ? ? kmaq-ly-þ-km-¼- nI hnh-c-§Ä þUnPn-äÂ cq]- nÂ (Np-a-Xe 9)

? ? ? ? ZznXob hnh-c-§Ä þ taJem kw_-Ô-am-bh A\p-_Ôw VIII A\p-k-cn¨v

? ? ? ? hnIk\ tcJ-I-fnse hnh-c-§Äkam-l-cn¨ ]T\ dnt¸mÀ«v (Np-a-Xe 11)

? ? ? ? ]²Xn tcJ -I -f nse hnh -c -§Äkam-l-cn¨ ]T\ dnt¸mÀ«v (Npa-Xe 14)

{]mtZ-i-nI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn\v Bhiy-amb hnhc hni-I-e\wNn{Xw 5.2 Â hyà-ambn Nn{Xo-I-cn- n-cn-¡p-¶p.Cu hni-I-e -\ -¯n\v aq¶v khn -tije£-W-§-fp-WvSv.

1. LS-I-§Ä : \nÀ±njvS Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\hpambn _Ô-s¸«hnh-c -§-fpsS hni-I -e -\ -¯n\vsXc-sª-Sp-¡p¶ hnhn[ hnI-k-\-LS-I§-fm-Wnh

2. am\-ZWvU§Ä: Hmtcm hnI-k\hmZ-ap-J-§fpw A]-{K-Yn-¡p-¶-Xn\v sXc-sª-Sp-¡p¶ Bkq-{XW \ne-hmcwt]mse-bpÅ AfhptImep-I-fm-Wnh

3. IsWvS-¯Â: Hmtcm am\-Z-WvU§- fpsSbpw ASn-Øm-\- nÂ hnh-c-§Ä

A]-{K-Yn-¡p-¶-tXmsSbmWv IsWvS--ep-IÄ Dcp-¯ncn-bp¶Xv.

cWvSp `mK-§-fmbn \S-¡p¶ hnhchni-I-e-\w, AXm-b-Xv, \K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XWhIp¸v \S-¯p¶ Øe-]c hni-I-e-\-hpw,Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\ Xe-¯nÂkvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½nän \S-¯p¶{]tZ-inIXe hni-I-e-\hpw, ]n¶oSv HcpL«- nÂ kwtbm-Pn-¡-s -Sp-¶p. NmÀ«v 5.2 ÂAXv Nn{Xo-I-cn- n-«p-WvSv.5.3.1 Øe-]c hni-I-e\w

\K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XW hIp v \S- p¶Øe-]c hni-I-e-\- n\v thWvS ASn-Øm\hnh-c-§Ä C\n ]d-bp¶p :???{]mY-anI hnh-c-§Ä - þ`u-XnI kÀth,

kma qly km¼ -¯nI kÀth ,{Sm³kvt]mÀt«-j³ kÀth, ]cn-Øn-Xn-þ-ss]-XrI kÀth

???ZznXob hnh-c-§ÄØe-]c hni-I-e-\-¯n-\p-X-Ip¶

hnhn[ hnI-k\hmZ-ap-J-§Ä C\n ]d-bp-¶-h-bnÂ \n¶v Dcp- n-cn-bp¶p:???Bkq-{X-W- nsâ kn²m- §fpw,

{]tbmK coXn-Ifpw,???Bkq{X -W -¯nsâ X¯z -§fpw

kt¦-X-§fpwhnhn[ hnI-k-\ LS-I§sf kw_-

Ôn¨ am\-Z-WvU§Ä C\n ]d-bp-¶-h-bnÂ\n¶v DÛ-hn-¡p¶p:???Bkq{XW \ne-hmc§Ä???{]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ am\-Z-WvU-§Ä


53

hnhn[ hnI-k\ taJ-e-Isf kw_-Ôn¨ IsWvS- -ep-IÄDcp- n-cn-bp-¶Xv hnI-k\ A\p-Iqe LS-I-§Ä, hn]-coX LS-I§Ä hnIk\ Ah-k-cw, hnI-k\ {]Xn-_-Ô-§Ä F¶nh(SWOT) bpsS hni-I-e-\- neqsSbm-Wv. Ah Øm\m-[n-jvTn-Xambncn-¡pw. kwtbm-Pn-¸n-¡p-t¼mÄ km[yX ]e-a-S§p hÀ[n-¡p¶ Øe-]-c-amb _Ô-§Ä¡v (ssks\ÀPnIv kvt]jyÂent¦-P-kv) Du¶Â \ÂIp-Ibpw sN¿p¶p. AXm-bXv, ]c-kv]cwA\p-]q-c-I-amb Øe-]-c-amb _Ô-§Ä IsWvS- p-I-bm-Wn-XnÂ.hIp- pX-e- nÂ \S- p¶ Øe-]c hni-I-e-\-s¯-¡p-dn¨vIqSp-XÂ hni-Zmw-i-§Ä A\p-_Ôw IX Â DWvSv.

5.3.2 {]mtZ-inI Xe hni-I-e\wkvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½nän \S-¯p¶ {]mtZ-inI

Xe hni-I-e-\- n\v D]-tbm-Kn-¡p¶ {][m\ hnh-c-§Ä C\n]d-bp¶ tcJ-Isf ASn-Øm-\-am¡n I½nän kam-l-cn-¡p¶hnI-k\ {]iv\-§fpw km[y-X-Ifpw BWv:???hnI-k\ tcJ???\oÀ -Sm-[n-jvTnX hnI-k\ ]²-Xn-¡mbn t»m¡p-X-e-

¯nÂ X¿m-dm-¡p¶ \oÀ¯S Ah-tem-I\ tcJbpw_Ô-s¸« aäp tcJ-Ifpw

???ap³ hÀjs¯ ]²Xn tcJbpw hIp- p-I-fn-eqsS \S- n-em-¡nb t{]mP-IvSp-Ifpw ]cn-]m-Sn-IfpwapI-fnÂ ]d-ª-h-bpsS hni-I-e-\¯n\pX-Ip¶ hnI-k-\

hmZ-ap-J§Ä C\n kqNn- n-¡p-¶-h-bnÂ \n¶mWv Dcp- n-cn-bp-¶-Xv.???{]mtZinI Xe-¯nse A\p-`-h-§Ä???\m«p-\-S v

hnI-k\hmZ-ap-J-§-fpsS am\-Z-WvU§Ä cq]-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv,\m«-dn-hp-I-fpsS ASn-Øm-\- nÂ \nÝ-bn-¡p¶ \ne-hm-c-§-fnÂ\n¶m-Wv.

{]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e-\- nÂ \n¶v {]mtZ-inI hnI-k-\m-h-iy-§-fmWv IsWvS-¯pI. Ah-bm-Is« P\-§-fpsS A`n-em-j-§Ä¡m-bn-cn-¡pw Du¶Â \ÂIpI.

{]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e\w \S-¯p¶Xn\v kvt]jyÂCâ-t{K-j³ I½n-än¡v Bh-iy-amb klmbw hÀ¡nwKv{Kq¸p-IÄ \ÂtI-WvS-Xm-Wv.

{]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e-\- nsâ mK-ambn kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½nän F«v Npa-X-e-IÄ ]qÀ¯o-I-cn-t¡-WvS-Xp-WvSv. AhC\n ]d-bp-¶p. 1. {]tZ-i v Ignª 10 hÀj- n-\Iw DWvSmb Gähpw

{]_-e-amb t\«-§sf kw_-Ôn¨ ]T-\hpw A]-{K-Y-\hpw 2. \oÀ¯S hnI-k-\-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« {]hÀ -\-§Ä 3. {]iv\-§-fp-sSbpw km[y-X-I-fp-sSbpw ap³K-W\ \nÝ-bn-¡Â 4. `q]-S-§-fnÂ hnh-c-§Ä AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw A]-{K-

Yn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pI 5. Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\- nsâ km¼- nI ASn- d

]T\ hnt[bam¡p-Ibpw A]-{K-Yn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-I.


54

???hni-I-e\w? ? ? Øe-]c hni-I-e\w þ

\K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XWhIp¸v \S- p-¶p.

? ? ? {]mtZ-inI Xe hniI-e\w þ kvt]jyÂCâ-t{K-j³ I½nän\S- p-¶p.

Nn{Xw 5.2 {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶Xn\pÅ hnhc hni-I-e\w

6. Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-hp-ambn_Ô-s¸«v GsX-¦nepw {]tXyI sshZ-K -²y - taJ -eI -f p - sW vS -¦ nÂ ,

AXnsâ ]T-\hpw A]-{K -Y -\hpw 7. {][m\ Ih-e-I-fpsS kzm[o\ taJe

IsWvS- pI 8. {]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e\ dnt¸mÀ«nsâ

IcSv kaÀ¸n-¡p-I.{]iv\ eLp-Kp -cp -Xzw, km[yXm

\ne-hm-cw, kzm[o\ taJe XpS-§n-bh`q]-S-¯nÂ AS-bm-f -s¸-Sp -¯p-I, hnhckam-l-cWw A´n-a-am-¡p-I, kvt]jyÂCâ-t{K-j³ I½n-än¡p thWvSn UnPn-äÂcq]-¯nÂ dnt¸mÀ«p-IÄ X¿m-dm-¡pI F¶otPmen-IÄ F©n-\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn-\n-bmWv\nÀh-ln-t¡-WvS-Xv.Npa-Xe 19: Ignª Zi-I- nse {]_e t\«-§-fpsS ]T-\hpw A]-{K-Y-\hpw1. Ignª 10 hÀj- n-\Iw Xt±i kzbw

`cW Øm]\w \S- m-¡nb t{]mPIvSp-I-fnÂGähpw {]_-e-amb t\«-§Ä ssIh-cn¨]¯nÂ Ihn -bm¯ t{]mP-I vSp -IÄkvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½nän IsWvS- -Ww. Ah Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-¯nsâ `q]-S -¯nÂ Øm\\nÀ®bwsNbvXv tcJ-s -Sp- p-I-bpw, C\n ]d-bp¶hnh-c-§Ä DÄs¡m-Åp¶ cWvSp t]PnÂIhn-bm¯ Hcp kw£n]vX dnt¸mÀ«v X¿m-dm-¡p-Ibpw sN¿m\pw kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½nän {i² sNep- -Ww.

??? t{]mP-IvSnsâ t]cv??? Øew??? hnI-k\ taJe??? t{]mP-IvSnsâ sNehv??? t{]mPIvSv Bcw-`n-¨Xpw ]qÀ¯o-I-cn-

¨-Xp-amb Xob-Xn-IÄ??? KpW-t`m-àm-¡-fpsS F®w??? KpW-t`màr hnlnXw þ km¼- nI

klm-bhpw k¶-²-tk-h-\hpw??? t{]mPIvSv hnP-b-{]-Z-ambn \S- n-em-

¡m³ Ign-ªXnsâ Imc-W-§Ä

Hmtcm t{]mPIvSpw hni-I -e\wsN¿p-t¼mÄ Ah aäp taJ-e-I-fnÂ sNep- p¶kzm[o-\hpw hne-bn-cp-t -WvS-Xp-WvSv. Xt±ikzbw `cW Øm]-\- nÂ hnP-b-I-c-ambnt{]mP-IvSp-IÄ \S-¸n-em-bXp kw_-Ôn¨s]mXp-hmb {]h-W-X-I-sf-¡p-dn¨v Hcp [mcWcq]o-I-cn-¡m³ CXp klm-b-I-am-Ipw. Cut{]mP-IvSp-IÄ Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-¯nsâ 1:10000 kvsIbn-en-tem A3 hen- - ntemDÅ `q]-S-¯nÂ kvt]jyÂ Cât{K-j³I½nän Øm\\nÀWbw sNbvXv tcJ-s -Sp- p-Ibpw CXc taJ-e-I-fnÂ Ah krjvSn¨kzm[o\w A]-{K-Y\ hnt[-b-am-¡p-IbpwthWw.Npa-Xe 20 :\oÀ¯S hnI-k-\-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä{]hÀ¯\w 1þ \oÀ -S-§Ä q]-S- nÂ tcJ-

s¸-Sp-¯Â.\oÀ¯S Ah-tem-I\ tcJ-bpsS

ASn-Øm-\- nÂ IsWvS- n-bn-«pÅ \oÀ -S-§Ä AXXp {Kma ]©m-b-¯p-I-fpsS/ap\n-kn-¸m-en-än-IfpsS 1:10000 kvsIbn-enÂX¿mdm¡nb `q]-S- n-te¡v ]IÀt -WvS-Xm-Wv.{]hÀ¯\w 2 þ t»m¡p Xe \ o À¯S

Ah-tem-I\ dnt¸mÀ«nsâ hne-bn-cp- ÂAh-tem-I\ dnt¸mÀ«nÂ kqNn-¸n-¨n-

«pÅ FÃm \oÀ¨m-ep-I-fpw bYmÀ°-¯nÂ\ne-hn-eptWvSm F¶p ]cn-tim-[n-¡p-I-bmWvBZyw thWvS-Xv. AXn-\mbn \oÀ¯-S-§ÄtcJs¸Sp- nb `q]Shpw, 4.5 Â hni-Z-am-¡n-bXp {]Imcw {Kma ]©m-bt¯m ap\n-kn-¸m-en-äntbm X¿m-dm-¡nb qhn-\n-tbmK q]-ShpwX½nÂ Xmc-Xayw sN¿-Ww. hyXn-bm-\-§ÄFs -¦nepw DsWvS-¦nÂ ]cn-tOZ ]cy-S\w \S-¯n, {]hÀ¯-\-w 1 A-\p-k-cn¨v X¿m-dm-¡nb`q]-S- nÂ Xncp- -ep-IÄ hcp-t -WvS-Xm-Wv.


56

{]hÀ¯\w 3þ kwc-£n-t¡WvS Pem-i-b-§Ä ap³K-W\ A\p-k-cn v {Iao-I-cn-¡p-I.

{]hÀ¯\w 4 þ hni-I-e\wC\n ]d-bp¶ tcJ-IÄ D]-tbm-Kn- m-

bn-cn-¡Ww hni-I-e\w \S-t -WvS-Xv:???`qhn-\n-tbmK `p]Sw???t»m¡p-Xe \oÀ¯S Ah-tem-I\

dnt¸mÀ«v???]©m-b¯vXe hn`h `q]Sw???]cn-tOZ ]cy-S-\- n-eqsS tiJ-cn¨

hnh-c-§Ä\oÀ¯-Sm-[n-jvTnX hnI-k\ amÌÀ

¹m³ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xp-ambn _Ô-s¸« ssI¸p-kvX-I- nÂ kqNn- n- n-«pÅ hnhn[ LS-I-§Ä (`u-XnI khn-ti-j-X-IÄ, a®nsâ Xcw,`qhn-\n-tbmKw, kkym-h-c-Ww, Pe hn -h-§Ä,Pe t{kmX-Êp-IÄ, ]cn-ØnXn {]iv\-§ÄF¶n-§-s\) s]mXpth hni-I-e\w sN¿-Ww.a®v, Pew, ssPh-k-¼¯v F¶n-h-bpsS ]c-kv]c _Ôn-X-amb hnI-k\¯n\v klm-b-I-am-Ip¶ LS-I-§Ä¡v thWw {]mapJyw\ÂtI-WvS-Xv.{]hÀ¯\w 5 þ {]iv\-§Ä, km[y-X-IÄ,\nÀt±-i-§Ä F¶n-h-bpsS t{ImUo-I-cWw

ap¼p kqNn- n¨ hni-I-e\ {]hÀ -\-¯nsâ ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ {]iv\-§fpwkm[y-X-Ifpw \nÀt±-i-§fpw bYm-{Iaw ]«nI4.1, ]«nI 4.2, ]«nI 4.3 F¶o t^mÀam-äp-I-fnÂ- t{ImUo-I-cn-¡-Ww.Npa-Xe 21 : {]iv\-§-fp-sSbpw km[y-X-I-fp-sSbpw ap³K-W\ \nÝ-bn-¡Â

Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\Xe- n-epÅ30 apXÂ 50 hsc {]iv\-§fpw km[y-X-Ifpwkvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½nän t{ImUo-I-cn-t¡-WvS-Xm-Wv. F¶n«v {]iv\-§sf AXoh

Kpcp-X-cw, Kpcp-Xcw F¶pw km[y-X-Isfhfsc DbÀ¶ km[y-X, DbÀ¶ km[yXF¶pw Xcw Xncn¨v ap³K-W\ \nÝ-bn-¡-Ww.Npa-Xe 22 : hnh-c-§Ä q]-S- nÂ tcJ-s -Sp- epw hni-I-e-\hpw{]hÀ¯\w 1 þ t{]mP-IvSp-IÄ `q]-S- nÂtcJ-s¸-Sp-¯Â1. ]²Xn tcJ-bnÂ kqNn-¸n-¨n-«pÅ FÃm

{][m\ t{]mP-IvSp -Ifpw (]«nI 4.6)kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½nän Xt±ikzbw`cW Øm]-\- nsâ 1:10000 kvsIbn-en-tem A3 hen- - ntem D-Å `q]-S- nÂtcJ-s¸-Sp-t¯-WvS-Xm-Wv.

2. t{]mP-IvSp-IÄ Øm\\nÀWbw sNbvXptcJ-s -Sp- p-t¼mÄ Ct¸m-gs¯ AXnsâØnXn IqSn hyXykvX \nd-§-fnÂ AS-bm-f-s -Sp-t -WvS-Xm-Wv. ]qÀ¯o-I-cn- h ]¨\nd- n-epw, \S¶p sImWvSn-cn-¡p-¶h \oe\nd- n-epw, XpS-§m- h Nph v \nd- n-epw, Dt]-£n- h aª \nd- nepw kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶Xv A`n-Im-ay-am-bn-cn-¡pw.

3. hÀ¡nwKv {Kq¸p-IÄ Xt±i kzbw`cWØm]-\-X-ew, hmÀUvXew, hyàn KXKpW-t`m-àr-Xew F¶n-§s\ t{]mP-IvSp-Isf Xcw -Xn -cn¨ v t{]mP-IvSp -I -fpsSF®-¯nsâ iX-am\w IW-¡m¡n ss]þ-U-b-{K-ambn Nn{Xo-I-cn-t¡-WvS-Xm-Wv.

{]hÀ¯\w 2 þ {]iv\-§fpw km[y-X-Ifpw`q]-S-¯nÂ tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯Â1. ap³K-W\ \nÝ-bn¨ {]iv\-§-fp-sSbpw

km[y-X-I-fp-sSbpw (Np-a-Xe 21) Øm\wXt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-¯nsâ `q]-S-¯nÂ kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½nän tcJ-s -Sp-t -WvS-Xm-Wv. Nn{Xw 5.3 {]iv\-§-fpsS Hcp amXrIm eLp KpcpXz q]-S-hpw,Nn{Xw 5.4 km[y-X-I-fpsS Hcp amXrIm \ne-hmc `q]-S-hp-am-Wv.


57

2. Cu Bh-iy- n\v 1:10000 kvsIbn-en-temA3 hen-¸-¯ntem D-Å `q]-S-§-fmWvD]-tbm-Kn-t¡-WvS-Xv.

3. hÀ¡nwKv {Kq¸p-IÄ hn«p-t]mb {][m\{]iv\-§tfm km[y-X-Itfm DsWvS-¦nÂAh kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½nän{]tXyIw ]cn-K-Wn-¡p-Ibpw DÄs -Sp- p-

Ibpw thWw Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\wCXn-t\m-SIw \S- n-em-¡nb t{]mP-IvSp-I-fpw,Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\Xe-¯n-epÅ{][m\ {]iv\-§fpw km[y-X-Ifpw HmtcmØe¯pw F{X-sbm-s¡-bm-sW¶v hnI-k\ taJ-e-IÄ¡p-]-cn-bmbn a\-Ên-em-¡m³Cu {]hÀ¯\w klm-bn¡pw

{]iv\-ap -v, Kpcp -X-c -aÃ

Kpcp-Xcw

kqNIw

hmÀUv/Unhn-j³ AXn-cp -IÄ

tdmUp-IÄ

Xt±i `cW Øm]-\- nsâ AXn-cp-IÄ

AXoh Kpcp-Xcw

{]iv\-ap -v, Kpcp -X-c -aÃ

Kpcp-Xcw

kqNIw

hmÀUv/Unhn-j³ AXn-cp -IÄ

tdmUp-IÄ


AXoh Kpcp-Xcw

Nn{Xw 5.3. {]iv\§-fpsS eLp-Kp-cpXz `q]Sw

Ipdª km[yX

DbÀ¶ km[yX

kqNIw

hmÀUv/Unhn -j³ AXn-cp-IÄ

tdmUp -IÄ


hfsc DbÀ¶ km[yX

Ipdª km[yX

DbÀ¶ km[yX

kqNIw

hmÀUv/Unhn -j³ AXn-cp-IÄ

tdmUp -IÄ


hfsc DbÀ¶ km[yX

Nn{Xw 5.4 km[y-X-I-fpsS \ne-hmc `q]Sw


58

Npa-Xe 23 : Xt±-i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-¯nsâ km¼-¯nI ASn-¯-d-sb-¡p-dn-¨pÅ]T-\hpw hni-I-e-\hpw1. Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-¯nsâ

\ne-hnse km¼- nI ASn- -d-sb-¡p-dn¨vs]mXp-hm-bpw, Npa-Xe 21 Â IsWvS- p-¶Xp {]Imcw {][m-\-s¸« 15 km[y-X-I-sf-¡p-dn v hni-Z-ambpw ]T\w \S- -Ww, Cukm[y-X-I-fnÂ Ht¶m, AXn-te-sdtbmkm[y-X-Isf B{i-bn -¨mhpw Xt±ikzbw`cW Øm]-\- nsâ km¼- nIASn- d \ne-sIm-Åp-¶-Xv. kmaq-ly-þ-km-¼ -¯nI {]hÀ¯-\ -§-tfm -tcm¶pwGsXÃmw Øe-§-fnÂ F§s\sbms¡-bmWv F¶p a\-Ên-em-¡m³ \ne-hn-epÅ`qhn-\n-tbmK `q]Sw D]-tbm-K-s¸-Sp-¯m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.

2. apI-fnÂ kqNn- n¨ ]T-\- nsâ ASn-Øm-\- nÂ Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\- nsâkm¼-¯nI ASn-¯-dbv¡p Xm§mbn \ne-sIm-Åp¶ Gähpw {][m-\-s¸« aq¶pkm[y-X-IÄ sXc-sª-Sp-¡p-I.

3. Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\- nÂ ]pXnbHcp km¼- nI ASn- d cq]-s -Sm-\n-S-bp-sWvS-¦nÂ AXp-IqSn {]tXyIw kqNn- n-¡-Ww.

Npa-Xe 24 : {]tXyI sshZ-Kv²yapÅ hnjb-§Ä Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-¯nÂDsWvS-¦nÂ AXnsâ ]T-\hpw A]-{K-Y-\hpw1. _Ô-s¸« hnI-k\ taJ-e-bnse hÀ¡nwKv

{Kq¸p-ambn kl-I-cn¨v C¯cw Ah-Ø-IÄ Bg- nÂ ]Tn-¡m³ kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½nän {i²n-t¡-WvS-Xm-Wv. ]T\hnt[-b-am-t¡WvS hkvXp-X-IÄ Ch-bm-Wv.

• Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\- n-\pÅt\«w

• PnÃbvt¡m kwØm-\-¯nt\m DÅt\«w

• {]tZinI km¼-¯nI hnI-k-\-¯n-epÅ kzm[o\w (D-ev]m-Z-\w, tkh-\w,sXmgnÂ XpS-§nb-h-bnÂ DWvSm-Ip¶hÀ²-\-hnsâ ASn-Øm-\- nÂ)DZm-l-c-W-am-bn, sImÃw PnÃ-bnse

\oWvS-Ic {Kma ]©m-b- n-s\-¡p-dn v ]d-bp-t¼mÄ \oWvS-Ic Xpd-ap-Js¯ aÕy-_-Ô\{]hÀ -\-§-fmWv \½psS a\-ÊnÂ HmSn-sb-¯p¶ BZy-Nn-{Xw.

CXv kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½n-änbpw _Ô-s¸« hÀ¡nwKv {Kq¸pw Bg- nÂ]Tn-t¡WvSXmWv. ]T\ hnt[-b-am-t¡WvSImcy-§Ä Ch-bm-Wv: • aÕy-_-Ô\ {]hÀ -\- nsâ hnI-

k\ Ncn{Xw • A\p-_Ô hyh-km-b-§Ä, hmWnPyw

F¶n-h-bpsS hnI-k\w • {]Xy-£-ambpw ]tcm-£-ambpw t\«w

e`n-¡p¶hcpsS GI-tZi F®w (a-Õy-sXm-gn-em-fnIÄ, hyh-kmb sXmgn-em-fn-IÄ F¶n-§-s\)

• {]hÀ¯-\ -¯nsâ ^e-am -bpÅGI-tZi hnäp-h-chv

• {]hÀ¯\ ^e-ambn Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\- n\v e`n-¡p¶ GI-tZihmÀjnI hcp-am\wC¯cw Hcp hni-I-e-\-¯n-eqsS,

{]hÀ -\-§Ä F{X-t¯m-f-amWv {]mtZ-inIkm¼-¯nI hnI-k\s¯ ]cn-t]m-jn-¸n-¨-sX¶v ]d-bm³ kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³I½n-än¡v Ign-bpw. {]hÀ¯\- nsâ mhn-bnse{]h-W-X-IÄ F´m-bn-cn¡pw F¶v IsWvS-¯m³ I½n-än¡p Ign-bp-sa-¦nÂ AXm-bn-cn¡pw Gähpw {]tbm-P-\-{]-Z-w. Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-¯nsâ ]cn-[n-bnÂ C¯cw{][m\ {]hÀ -\-§-sfm¶pw CsÃ-¦nÂ Cu]T\w Hgn-hm-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.


59

Npa-Xe 25 : {][m\ Ih-e-I-fpsS kzm[o\taJe IsWvS- Â1. Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\- nse {][m\

Ih-e-I-fpsS Hcp enÌv kvt]jyÂCâ-t{K -j³ I½nän X¿m-dm -¡-Ww.\ne-hnse `qhn\ntbmK `q]-S- nÂ \n¶vCXv e`y-am-Wv.

2. Hmtcm Ih-e-bp-sSbpw {]m[m-\y-¯nsâASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ Ahbv¡v A\p-k-cn¨v

{Iaw \nÝ-bn-¡p-Ibpw AXv Xt±ikzbw`cW Øm]-\ -¯nsâ 1:10000kvsIbn-en-tem A3 hen-¸-¯ntem D-Å`q]-S-¯nÂ tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw sN¿pI

3. Hmtcm Ih-e-bp-sSbpw kzm[o\ taJeam\-Z-WvU-§Ä¡-\p-k-cn¨v `q]-S-¯nÂAS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯p-I. Nn{Xw 5.5 apXÂ 5.8hsc ImWpI

Nn{Xw 5.5 Ih-e-I-fpsS {Iaw tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯p¶p þ L«w 1

Nn{Xw 5.6 H¶mw {Iaw Ih-e-I-fpsS kzm[o\ taJe hyà-am-¡p¶ `q]Sw þ L«w 2


60

Ih-e-IÄ {Iaw I

H¶mw {Iaw Ih-e-I-fpsS kzm[o -\ta-JeþIhe 1

kqNIw

hmÀUv/Unhn-j³ AXn -cp-IÄ

tdmUp -IÄ

Xt±i cW Øm]-\- nsâ AXn -cp-IÄ

L«w 2þ H¶mw {Iaw Ih-e-I-fpsS kzm[o\ taJetcJ-s¸-Sp- p¶p

am\-ZWvUw?kq¸À amÀ¡äv?Ccp¼v IS-IÄ?Krtlm -]-I-cW hnev]-\-im-e-IÄ


Ih-e-IÄ {Iaw I


kqNIw

hmÀUv/Unhn-j³ AXn -cp-IÄ

tdmUp -IÄ

Xt±i cW Øm]-\- nsâ AXn -cp-IÄ

L«w 2þ H¶mw {Iaw Ih-e-I-fpsS kzm[o\ taJetcJ-s¸-Sp- p¶p

am\-ZWvUw?kq¸À amÀ¡äv?Ccp¼v IS-IÄ?Krtlm -]-I-cW hnev]-\-im-e-IÄ


Ih-e-IÄ {Iaw I

Ih-e-IÄ {Iaw II

kqNIw

hmÀUv/Unhn-j³ AXn-cp-IÄ

tdmUp-IÄ

Xt±i `cW Øm]-\- nsâ AXn -cp -IÄ

Ih-e-IÄ {Iaw III

L«w 1 þ Ih-e-I-fpsS {Iaw tcJ-s -Sp- p¶p

Ih-e-IÄ {Iaw I

Ih-e-IÄ {Iaw II

kqNIw


tdmUp-IÄ

Xt±i `cW Øm]-\- nsâ AXn -cp -IÄ

Ih-e-IÄ {Iaw III

L«w 1 þ Ih-e-I-fpsS {Iaw tcJ-s -Sp- p¶p

Nn{Xw 5.7 cWvSmw {Iaw Ih-e-I-fpsS kzm[o\ taJe hyà-am-¡p¶ `q]Sw þ L«w 3

Nn{Xw 5.8 aq¶mw {Iaw Ih-e-I-fpsS kzm[o\ taJe hyà-am-¡p¶ `q]Sw þ L«w 4


61

Ih-e-IÄ {Iaw I

kqNIw


tdmUp-IÄ

Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\- nsâ AXn-cp-IÄ

aq¶mw {Iaw IheIfpsS kzm[o\ taJe

Ih-e-IÄ {Iaw II

Ih-e-IÄ {Iaw III

am\-ZWvUw?tÌj-\dn IS?]e-N-c¡p IS?\mS³ Znh-k N´?]¨¡dn IS

L«w 4þ aq¶mw {Iaw Ih-e-I-fpsS kzm[o\ taJetcJ-s -Sp- p¶p

Ih-e-IÄ {Iaw I

kqNIw


tdmUp-IÄ


aq¶mw {Iaw IheIfpsS kzm[o\ taJe

Ih-e-IÄ {Iaw II

Ih-e-IÄ {Iaw III

am\-ZWvUw?tÌj-\dn IS?]e-N-c¡p IS?\mS³ Znh-k N´?]¨¡dn IS

L«w 4þ aq¶mw {Iaw Ih-e-I-fpsS kzm[o\ taJetcJ-s -Sp- p¶p

Ih-e-IÄ {Iaw I

kqNIw


tdmUp-IÄ


cmw {Iaw Ih-e-IfpsS kzm[o\ taJe

Ih-e-IÄ {Iaw II

am\-ZWvUw?BgvN N´?ao³ N´?Cd- n-¡S

L«w 3þ cmw {Iaw Ih-e-I-fpsS kzm[o\ taJetcJ-s¸-Sp- p¶p

Ih-e-IÄ {Iaw I

kqNIw


tdmUp-IÄ


cmw {Iaw Ih-e-IfpsS kzm[o\ taJe

Ih-e-IÄ {Iaw II

am\-ZWvUw?BgvN N´?ao³ N´?Cd- n-¡S

L«w 3þ cmw {Iaw Ih-e-I-fpsS kzm[o\ taJetcJ-s¸-Sp- p¶p

Npa-Xe 26 : dnt¸mÀ«v X¿m-dm-¡epw Ah-X-c-WhpwCXp-hsc hnh-cn¨ hnhn[ {]hÀ -\-

§-fn-eqsS X¿m-dm-¡nb tcJ-Ifpw ]«n-I-Ifpw`q]-S-§fpw tNÀ¯v A4 hen- -apÅ t] -dnÂFw.-F-kv.-thÀUv AsÃ-¦nÂ aäv Un.-än.-]n.t^manÂ ssS¸v sNbvXv kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½nän Hcp dnt¸mÀ«v X¿m-dm-¡Ww • UnPn-ssäkv sNbvX `q]-S-§-fn-em-bn-

cn-¡Ww hnh-c-§Ä tcJ-s -Sp-t -Xv • dnt¸mÀ«nsâ tIm¸n-IÄ, tkm^väv

tIm¸n DÄs¸-sS, hÀ¡nwKv {Kq¸p-IÄ¡pw \K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XW hIp-¸n\pw e`y-am-t¡--Xm-Wv.

Npa-Xe 27 : IcSv {]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e\dnt¸mÀ«v kaÀ¸n-¡Â

kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½n-änX¿m-dm-¡p¶ {]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e\dnt¸mÀ«nsâ 5 tIm¸n -Ifpw tkm^vä vtIm¸nbpw {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enänsk{I-«dn H¸p h¨v PnÃm \K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XWHm^o-knÂ kaÀ¸n-t¡--Xm-Wv. dnt¸mÀ«v]cn-tim-[n¨ tijw ]cn-jv¡-cn-¡m-\pÅ\nÀt±-i-§Ä PnÃm \K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XWHm^okv kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½n-än¡v\ÂIp-¶-Xm-bn-cn-¡pw. dnt¸mÀ«nsâ DÅS¡wC{]-Imcw Bbn-cn-¡pw:

5.4 tÌ¡v tlmÄUÀamcp-am-bpÅ NÀ¨ (Np-a-Xe 38)1 . t{]mPIvSp \nÀt± -i-§Ä DÄs¸sS

{]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e\ dnt¸mÀ«v _Ô-s¸«hnI-k\ taJeIfnse tÌ¡v tlmÄUÀamcp-ambn \ne-hnse ØnXn-K-Xn-IÄ¡vA\p-k-c-W-ambn kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³I½nän NÀ¨ sNt¿-WvS-Xm-Wv.

2. tÌ¡v tlmÄUÀamcpam-bpÅ NÀ¨-bnÂDbÀ¶p hcp¶ \nÀt±-i-§Ä Hcp-]t£Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\ -¯nsâ

A[n-Imc ]cn-[n¡p ]pd- m-sW¶p hcmw.Nne-t¸mÄ Ah kwØm\Xe-¯ntemPnÃmXe-¯ntem DÅ t{]mP-IvSp-I-fm-sW¶pw hcmw. F¦nÂ t]mepw B\nÀt±-i-§-sfÃmw kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³I½nän tcJ-s -Sp-t -WvS-XmWv.

3. NÀ¨-I-fpsS kw£n-]vX-cq]w t{ImUo-I-cn¨v {]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e\ dnt¸mÀ«nsâA\p-_-Ô-ambn tNÀ¡-Ww.

4. s]mXp-hmb hnI-k\ {]iv\-§fpw km[y-X-I-fp-amWv Chn-sSbpw ]«nIs¸Sp-t -WvS-Xv.

(Xt±i `cWØm]-\- nsâ t]cv)

hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ

{]mtZ-inI Xe hni-I-e\dnt¸mÀ«v

X¿m-dm-¡n-bXvkvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½nän

(hÀjw)

DÅ-S¡w

BapJwNcn{XwNpa-X-e-IÄ19 .……

20.……

21…….

22…….

23…….

24…….

25…….

(Xt±i `cWØm]-\- nsâ t]cv)

hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ

{]mtZ-inI Xe hni-I-e\dnt¸mÀ«v

X¿m-dm-¡n-bXvkvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½nän

(hÀjw)

DÅ-S¡w

BapJwNcn{XwNpa-X-e-IÄ19 .……

20.……

21…….

22…….

23…….

24…….

25…….


62

5.5 {]tXyI {Kma /hmÀUv k -bpsS kwLm-S\w(Np-a-Xe 39) : XmsgX«nse P\-]-¦m-fn¯wDd¸p hcp- p-¶-Xn-\mbn Hmtcm Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-¯nepw {]tXyI {Kma/hmÀUvk -IÄ \S-t -WvS-Xm-Wv. \ne-hnepÅ qhn-\n-tbmK q]-Shpw IsWvS-¯nb {]iv\-§fpwkm[y-X-Ifpw {Kma/hmÀUv k`-bnÂ Ah-X-cn- n-¡m³ Ign-bp¶ hn[- nÂ {]mtZ-inIXehni-I-e\w ]qÀ¯o-I-cn¨ tij-am-bn-cn-¡WwtbmK-§Ä kwL-Sn- n-t¡-WvS-Xv. \ne-hnse]©-h-Õc ]²Xn amÀK-tcJ {]ImcwXs¶-bmWv {Kma/hmÀUv k` IqtS-WvS-Xv.F¶mÂ tbmK- nsâ AP-WvS-bnÂ amä-ap-WvSm-Ipw. {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJX¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-\mbn {Kma ]©m-b- n-t\mSv /ap\n-kn-¸m-en-än-tbmSv _Ô-s¸« hnI-k\{]iv\-§-fpw km[y-X-Ifpw \nÀt±-i-§-fp-amWv{Kma /hmÀUv k` {][m-\-ambpw NÀ¨ sN¿p-I.NÀ¨-IÄ aq¶p skj-\p-I-fm-bn«p thWwkwL-Sn-¸n-t¡-WvS-Xv.skj³ 1 : CXv Hcp s]mXp skj-\m-bn-cn-¡pw.

Cu skj-\nÂ kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½n-än-bnse Hcp AwKw C\n ]d-bp¶Imcy-§Ä hni-Zo-I-cn-¡pw:? ? ? ap³ {Kma /hmÀUv k`bpw Cu

{]tXyI {Kma / hmÀUv k`bpwe£ys¯ kw_-Ôn-¨n -S -t¯mfwF{X am{Xw hyXym-k-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p.

? ? ? Øe-]cmkq-{X-W- nsâ Bh-iy-IX? ? ? {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ F´mWv?

AXnsâ kao-]-\-§Ä Fs´Ãmw?? ? ? XÕw-_-Ô-ambn CXp-hsc \S¶

{]hÀ¯-\-§Ä Fs´ms¡?

XpSÀ¶v kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³I½nän AwKw `qhn-\n -tbmK `q]-S-hpw,{]mtZ-inI Xe hni-I-e\ dnt¸m-À«pw k -bnÂAh-X-cn-¸n-¡pw. `qhn-\n-tbm-K `q]Ss¯kw_-Ôn¨v {Kma /hmÀUv k`- Fs´-¦nepwamäw \nÀt±-in¡p-¶p-sh-¦nÂ Ah tcJ-s -Sp-t¯-WvS-Xm-Wv.

{]tZ-is¯ hnI-k\ {]iv\-§-sf-¡p-dn¨pw hnI-k\ km[y-X-I-sf-¡p-dn-¨p-apÅNÀ -bm-Wv Cu skj-\nse ASp¯ APWvSC\w. AXn\p klm-b-I-amb \ne-bnÂ {]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e\ dnt¸mÀ«nse ap³K-W\m{Ia-¯n-epÅ {]iv\-§fpw km[y-X-IfpwNÀ¨ sN¿pIbpw C\n ]d-bp¶ Imcy-§-sf -¡p -dn¨v At\z -jWw \S-¯p-IbpwsNt¿WvS-Xm-Wv:? ? ? {]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e\ dnt¸mÀ«nÂ

kqNn- n- Xp IqSm-sX, hmÀUn-sâbpwXt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-¯n-sâbpw s]mXp-hmb hnI-k-\-¯n\vXS-Ê-ambn hmÀUnÂ \ne \nÂ¡p¶{][-m\ {]iv\-§Ä GsXÃmw?

? ? ? {]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e\ dnt¸mÀ«nÂkqNn- n- Xp IqSm-sX, hmÀUn-sâbpwXt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-¯n-sâbpw hnI-k-\- n\v klm-b-I-ambnhmÀUnÂ e`y-amb {][m\ km[y-X-IÄGsXÃmw?CXp {]Imcw IsWvS-¯-s¸-Sp¶

{]iv\-§fpw km[y-X-Ifpw 10 F®w hoX-ambn]cn-an-X-s -Sp-t -WvS-Xm-Wv.

XpSÀ¶v, {]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e\dnt¸mÀ«nÂ ]cm-aÀin-¨n-«pÅ Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm-]\¯nsâ km¼- nI ASn- -d-sb-¡p-dn¨v Hcp s]mXp NÀ¨ DWvSm-Ipw.k`bv¡p ]pXnb amÀ¤ \nÀt±-i-§Ä Imcy-Im-cW klnXw apt¶m«p hbv¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.


63

skj³ 2 : IsWvS-¯nb {]iv\-§-sf-¡p-dn¨pw km[y-X-I-sf-¡p-dn¨pw ({]m-tZ-inIXehni-I-e\ dnt¸mÀ«nÂ kqNn- n- h DÄs¸sS)DÅ Hcp {Kq¸v NÀ¨bmWv Cu skj-\nÂ.A©v {Kq¸p-IÄ DWvSm-bn-cn-¡-Ww. Hmtcm{Kq¸pw Xmsg ]d-bp¶ Imcy-§Ä ]cn-K-Wn¨vcWvSphoXw {]iv\-§fpw km[y-X-Ifpw NÀ¨sNbvXv Øew IqSn hyà-am¡n hnI-k\\nÀt±-i-§Ä apt¶m«p hbv¡-Ww.? ? ? IsWvS- nb {]iv\-§Ä¡v F´mWv

]cn-lmcw?? ? ? km[y-X-IÄ hÀ²n-¸n-¡m-\pÅ amÀK-

§Ä F´v?? ? ? AXn-\mbn GtIm]n¸n-t¡WvS hnI-

k\ taJ-e-IÄ GsXms¡?skj³ 3: CXv kam-]\ skj³ BWv.Hmtcm {Kq¸n-sâbpw \nK-a-\-§Ä {Kma hmÀUvk`-bnÂ Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw NÀ¨ sN¿p-Ibpw thWw. kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½nänAwKw an\n«vkv hmbn¡pw. {]iv\-§fpwkm[y-X-Ifpw hnI-k\ \nÀtZ-i-§fpwbYm-{Iaw ]«nI 4.1, ]«nI 4.2, ]«nI 4.3 F¶nhA\p-k-cn¨v ]«n-I-s -Sp- -Ww. ]¯n-tesd{]iv\-§fpw, km[y-X-Ifpw, hnI-k\ \nÀt±-i-§fpw DsWvS-¦nÂ Ah {]tXyIw joänÂ]«n-I-s -Sp-t -WvS-Xm-Wv.Npa-Xe 40 : {]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e\ dnt¸mÀ«v]cn-jv¡-cn-¡Â

{]iv\-§-fp-ambpw km[y-X-I-fp-ambpwkm¼-¯nI ASn-¯dbpambpw _Ô-s¸«v{Kma/hmÀUv k`-Ifnepw tÌ¡v tlmÄUÀamcpambpÅ NÀ -Ifnepw \n¶v DbÀ¶p h¶hnhn[ \nÀt±-i-§Ä kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³I½nän hni-I-e\w sN¿-Ww. CX-nsâbpw,PnÃm Su¬ ¹m\nwKv Hm^o-knsâ \nÀt±-i-§-fp-sSbpw ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ {]mtZinI

Xe hni-I-e\ dnt¸mÀ«v ]cn-jv¡-cn-¡-Ww.tÌ¡v tlmÄUÀam-cp-sS \nÀt±-i-§-fpw,{Kma/hmÀUv k`m \nÀt±-i-§fpw {]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e\ dnt¸mÀ«nsâ A\p-_-Ô-§-fmbn tNÀ¡-Ww.Npa-Xe 41 : ]cn-jv¡-cn¨ {]mtZ-inIXehni-I-e\ dnt¸mÀ«v k-aÀ- n-¡Â

{]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e\ dnt¸mÀ«nsâA©p tIm¸n -Ifpw IqSmsX tkm^vS vtIm¸nbpw {Kma ]©m-b v/ ap\n-kn- m-enänsk{I-«dn PnÃm Su¬ ¹m\À¡v kaÀ¸n-t¡-WvS-Xm-Wv.

5.6 hnI-k\hmZ-ap-J§Ä IsWvS-¯epw Dt±i e£y-§Ä \nÝ-bn -¡epw

\K-c -þ - {Km -am -kq - {XW hIp¸pwkvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K -j³ I½n -ä nbpwHs¯m-cp-an- mWv hnhc hni-I-e\w \S- p-I.Bkq-{XW {]tZ-is¯ hnI-k\hmZ-ap-J§ÄIsWvS-¯p-¶-Xn\v Øe]c hni-I-e-\-¯nsâbpw {]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e-\-¯n-sâbpw ^e-§Ä kwtbm-Pn-¸n-¡p-¶-XmWv.hnI-k\ {]iv\-§sf ASn-Øm-\-am-¡n-bmWv{]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ ]²-Xn-bpsS Dt±ie£y-§Ä \nÝ-bn-¡p-¶-Xv.

5.7 hnI-k\ k¦ev]w cq]o-I-cn-¡ÂDt±ie£y-§Ä t\Sn-sb-Sp-¡p-¶-Xn\v

Øe-]c hni-I-e-\-¯n-eq-sSbpw {]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e-\- n-eq-sSbpw IsWvS- p¶amÀK-§-Ä kwtbmPn¸n¨mWv bYmÀ°- nÂhnI-k\ k¦ev]w cq]o-I-cn-¡-s -Sp-¶Xv. mhn{]hÀ¯\ coXn, A[n-hmk tI{µ-§-fpsShen¸s¨dp- w, KXm-KX irwJe F¶n-h-bpsSASn-Øm-\- n-emWv {Kma ]©m-b v/ap\n-kn- m-enän X§-fpsS hnI-k\ k¦ev]w {]I-Sn- n-¡p-I. AXns\, {Kma ]©m-b-¯nsâ /


64

ap\n-kn-¸m-en-än-bpsS Øe-]-c-amb LS-\-F¶p ]dbmw. Ah A]-{K-Yn-¡p-t¼mÄAt\Iw `mhn km[y-X-IÄ sXfn-ªp-h-cpw.]Icw hbv¡m-hp¶ ctWvSm aqt¶m hnI-k\k¦-ev]-§fpw Ah-bnÂ \n¶v Dcp- n-cnªphcp-¶-XmWv. ]I-c-am-bpÅ Cu hnI-k\ k¦-ev]-§Ä, ]cn-ØnXnbnÂ Ch krjvSn-¡m-\n-S-bpÅ kzm[o-\- n-sâ-bpw, {]mtZ-inI km¼-¯nI hnI-k-\- n\pw kmaqly ]ptcm-K-Xn-¡p-apÅ Ah-k-c-§-fp-sSbpw ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ Xmc-Xayw sNbvX tijw kvt]jyÂCâ-t{K-j³ I½n-än-bp-ambn tNÀ¶mWv Xt±ikzbw cW Øm]-\- nsâ A´na hnI-k\k¦ev]w \K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XW hIp v cq]-s -Sp-¯p-¶-Xv. CXv Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\- nsâ `q]-S- nÂ tcJm-Nn-{Xambn Bhn-jv¡cn¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.5.8 \b-§fpw X{ -§fpw Bhn-jv¡-cn-¡Â

hnI-k\ k¦-ev]-¯nsâ ASn-Øm-\- nÂ kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½n-än-bp-ambn NÀ¨ sNbvXv \K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XWhIp¸v hnhn[ \b-§fpw X{´-§fpwIsWvS-¯p-¶-Xm-bn-cn-¡pw.

5.9 {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ ({]m-Y-anI Ic-Sv)

A{]-Imcw Bhn -j v¡-cn -¡p¶\b-§fpw X{´-§fpw IcSv {]mtZ-inIhnI-k\ cq]-tcJ-bpsS N«-¡qSmbn¯ocp-¶p.\K-c-þ{Km-am-kq-{XW hIp-¸nsâ kmt¦-XnID]-tZ-i-a-\p-k-cn¨v kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³I½nänbpsS {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]tcJ{]mY-anI IcSv FgpXn X¿m-dm-¡pw. tcJ-tbm-sSm¸w `q]-S-§fpw DWvSm-bn-cn-¡pw. {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]tcJbv¡v C\n ]d-bp¶cWvSv LS-I-§Ä DWvSm-bn-cn-¡pw:? ? ? hnI-k\ ]cnt{]£yw ; 15-þ20 hÀj-

t¯-¡p-ÅXv? ? ? \nÀh-lW cq]-tcJ; 5 hÀj-t -¡p-ÅXv

{]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbpsS{]mY-anI IcSnsâ DÅ-S¡w A\p-_Ôw XI Â\ÂIn-bn-cn-¡p¶p.

5.10 IcSv {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ{]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbpsS

{]mY-anI IcSv Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-¯nsâ _Ô-s¸« I½n-än-bnÂ/ Iu¬kn-enÂAh-X-cn- n-¡p-¶-tXmsS IcSv {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbmbn amdp-¶p. I½nänbpsS/Iu¬kn-ensâ \nÀt±-i-§-tfmsS IcSv{]mtZ -inI hnI -k\ cq] -tcJ PnÃmBkq-{XW kanXn¡v kaÀ¸n-¡p-¶p.


65

6.1 {]mcw`wA\paXn e`n¨ kwtbmPnX PnÃm

hnIk\ cq]-tcJbpsS ASnØm\¯nÂIcSv {]mtZinI hnIk\ cq]-tcJ Ańaam¡p¶Xn\pÅ \S]Sn {Ia§sf ¡pdn¨mWvCu A[ymb¯nÂ ]cmaÀin¡p¶Xv. t»m¡vhnIk\ cq]-tcJbpw PnÃm ]©mb¯vhnIk\ cq]-tcJbpw X¿mdm¡p¶Xn\pÅ{]{InbIsf¡pdn¨pw Cu A[ymb¯nÂhniZam¡p¶p.

6.2 A\paXn e`n¨ kwtbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\ cq]-tcJsb ASnØm\am¡n IcSv {]mtZinI hnIk\ cq]-tcJ ]cnjvIcn¡Â

Hcp {]tZ -i -¯n\p thWvS nkwtbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\ cq]-tcJbnÂ\nÀt±i§Ä Dcp¯ncnªp hcp¶XvPnÃbpsS ka{K hnIk\ ho£W¯nsâASnØm\¯nemWv F¶ hkvXpX {i²n-t¡-WvS-XmWv. {]mtZinI hnIk\ cq]-tcJX¿mdm¡p¶ Ahkc¯nÂ A¯cw]cnKW\IÄ km[yaÃ. AXn\mÂkwtbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\ cq] -tcJ]qÀ¯nbm¡nb tijw am{Xta {]mtZinIhnIk\ cq]-tcJ Ańaam¡m\mhq.kwtbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\ cq]-tcJbnse\nÀt±i§f\pkcn¨v Xt±i kzbw`cWØm]\w IcSv {]mtZinI hnIk\ cq]-tcJ] c n j v ¡ c n t ¡ W v S X p W v S v ,\Kcþ{Kmamkq{XW hIp¸pambn tNÀ¶vkvt]jyÂ Cât{Kj³ I½nän Cu tPmen]qÀ¯oIcn¡p¶XmWv.

6.3 hnIk\ skan\mÀ]cnjvIcn {]mtZinI hnIk\ cq]-tcJ

Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\Xe¯nÂkwLSn¸n¡p¶ Hcp hnIk\ skan\mdnÂ

hoWvSpw NÀ¨ sNt¿WvSXpWvSv. Xt±ikzbw`cW Øm]\w sXcsªSp¡p¶hyànIfmWv skan\mdnÂ ]s¦Sp¡p¶Xv.hnIk\ skan\mdnse \nÀt±i§fpsSASnØm\¯nÂ, kvt]jyÂ Cât{Kj³I½nän \Kcþ{Kmamkq{XW hIp¸pambn NÀ¨sNbvXv {]mtZinI hnIk\ cq]-tcJ hoWvSpw]cnjvIcn¡pw.

6.4 {]mtZinI hnIk\ cq]-tc-Jbv¡v A\paXn

]cnjvIcn¨ {]mtZinI hnIk\cq]-tcJ Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\wAwKoIcn¨ tijw A\paXn¡mbn PnÃmBkq{XW kanXn¡v kaÀ¸n¡p¶XmWv.{Kma ]©mb¯v hnIk\ cq]-tcJIÄ¡pwt»m¡v / PnÃm ]©mb¯v hnIk\cq] -tcJIÄ¡pw PnÃm Akq{XWkanXnbmWv A\paXn \ÂIpI. AtX kabwap\nkn¸menän/tImÀ¸tdj³ hnIk\cq]-tcJIÄ¡v kwØm\ kÀ¡mcmWvA\paXn \ÂIp¶Xv. A\paXn e`n¨{]mtZinI hnIk\ cq] -tcJIsfASnØm\am¡nbmWv Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\§Ä hmÀjnI ]²XnIÄX¿mdm¡pI.

6.5 t»m¡v ]©mb v hnIk\ cq]-tcJ X¿mdm¡Â

t»m¡v ]©mb¯nsâ ]cn[nbnÂhcp¶ _Ôs¸« hnjb§fnÂ DÄs¸Sp¶hnhn[ t{]mPIvSpIfpw ]cn]mSnIfpwt{ImUoIcn¨v thWw t»m¡v ]©mb¯vhnIk\ cq]-tcJ X¿mdmt¡WvSXv. A\paXne`n¨ kwtbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\ cq]-tcJbnÂ \n¶pw, t»m¡v ]cn[nbnse {Kma]©mb¯pIfpsS {]mtZinI hnIk\

A²ymbw VI

Ańa {]mtZinI hnIk\ cq]-tcJ


66

cq]-tcJIfnÂ \n¶pamWv t{]mPIvSpIfpw]cn]mSnIfpw Dcp¯ncnbp¶Xv. t»m¡p]©m-b-¯nse kvt]jyÂ Cât{Kj³I½nän \K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XW hIp- p-ambn NÀ¨sNbvX v t»m¡v hnIk\ cq] -tcJX¿mdm¡p¶XmWv.

hnIk\ skan\mÀt»m¡v ]©mb¯v Xe¯nÂ

kwLSn¸n¡p¶ Hcp hnIk\ skan\mdnÂt»m¡v hnIk\ cq]-tcJ hoWvSpw NÀ¨sN¿Ww. skan\mdnÂ ]s¦Spt¡WvShsct»m¡v ]©mb¯v sXcsªSp¡pw,hnIk\ skan\mdnse \nÀt±i§fpsSASnØm\¯nÂ \Kcþ{Kmamkq{XWhIp¸pambn BtemNn¨ v t»m¡v]©m-b- nse kvt]jÂ Cât{Kj³ I½nänt»m¡v hnIk\ cq] -tcJ hoWvSpw]cnjv¡cn¡p¶XmWv . CXv A´na]cntim[\bv¡v hnt[bam¡pIbpwAwKo -I -cn -¡p -Ibpw sN¿p¶Xv PnÃmBkq{XW kanXnbmWv.

6.6 PnÃm ]©mb v hnIk\ cq]-tcJ X¿mdm¡Â

CXp-t]mse PnÃm ]©mb¯nsâ]cn[nbnÂ hcp¶ _Ôs¸« hnjb§fnÂs¸Sp¶ hnhn[ t{]mPIvSpIfpw ]cn]mSnIfpwt{ImUoIcn¨v thWw PnÃm ]©mb¯vhnIk\ cq] -tcJ X¿mdmt¡WvSX v .A\paXn e`n¨ kwtbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\cq]-tcJbnÂ \n¶pw, {Kma ]©m-b-¯p-I-fpsS A\p-aXn e`n¨ {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\cq]-tcJIfnÂ \n¶pamWv t{]mPIvSpIfpw]cn]mSnIfpw Dcp¯ncnbp¶Xv. PnÃm]©mb¯nse kvt]jyÂ Cât{Kj³I½nänbmWv \K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XW hIp- p-ambnBtem-Nn¨v PnÃm ]©mb¯v hnIk\cq]-tcJ X¿mdm¡p¶Xv.

hnIk\ skan\mÀPnÃm ]©mb¯vXe¯nÂ, PnÃm

]©mb v sXcsªSp¡p¶hÀ ]s¦Sp¡p¶hnIk\ skan\mdnÂ PnÃm ]©mb v hnIk\ cq]-tcJ hoWvSpw NÀ¨ sNt¿WvSXmWv.hnIk\ skan\mdnse \nÀt±i§fpsSASnØm\¯nÂ \Kcþ {Kmamkq{XWhIp¸pambn BtemNn v PnÃm ]©mb¯nsekvt]jyÂ Cât{Kj³ I½nän PnÃm]©mb v hnIk\ cq]-tcJ ]ns¶bpw]cnjv¡cn¡p¶XmWv. PnÃm Bkq{XWkanXn CXv A na ]cntim[\bv¡v hnt[bam¡pIbpw AwKo-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶-Xm-Wv.

6.7 \nÀhlWhpw tamWn«dnwKpw{]mtZinI hnIk\ cq] - tcJ

X¿m -dm -¡p¶ {]{InbbpsS \S¯n¸vFÂ.-Un.-]n. t{]mkÊnwKv I½nän tamWn«ÀsN¿p¶XmWv. F¶ncp¶mepw Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\Xe¯nÂ Hcp tamWn«dnwKvI½nän DWvSmbncn¡pw, Xt±i kzbw `cWØm]\¯nsâ A[y£³ tamWn«dnwKvI½nänbpsS sNbÀam\pw , sk{I«dnI¬ho\dpw Bbncn¡pw. Xt±i kzbw`cWØm]\¯nse Ìm³UnwK v I½nänsNbÀam·mcpw F©n\obdnwKv hn`mK¯nsâ Xeh\pw, PnÃm Su¬ ¹m\À\ma\nÀt±iw sN¿p¶ Hcp hyànbpwtamWn«dnwKv I½nänbnÂ AwK§fmbncn¡pw.


67

? A²ymbw VII : taJem hnhc tiJ-c-Whpw,kam-l-c-Whpw

? A²ymbw VIII: kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ

? A²ymbw VII : taJem hnhc tiJ-c-Whpw,kam-l-c-Whpw

? A²ymbw VIII: kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ


A²ymbw VII

taJem hnhc tiJcWhpw kamlcWhpw7.1 {]mcw`w

taJem hniIe\¯n\mbn taJem kw_Ôambhnhc§fpw, Øe]c hniIe\¯n\mbn XÕw-_-Ô-ambhnhc§fpamWv kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-bv¡mbntiJcn¡pI. hnhn[ hIp¸pIfnÂ \n¶pw e`n¡p¶ ZznXobhnhc§fmWv {][m\ambpw taJem kw_Ôamb hnhc§Ä.kvs]jyÂ Sn.F.Pn.bpsS k_v {Kq¸pIfmWv Ah tiJcn¡p¶Xv. Øe]chniIe\¯n\v Bhiyamb hnhc§Ä \Kcþ{Kmamkq{XW hIp¸nsâ PnÃm Hm^okmWv {][m\ambpwtiJcn¡pI.

7.2 hnhc tiJcWhpw kamlcWhpwtaJem kw_Ôamb Zz nXob hnhc§Ä

tiJcn¡p¶Xv hnhc tiJcW¯nsâ `mKamWtÃm.kvs]jyÂ sSIv\n¡Â AssUzkdn {Kq¸nsâ Hmtcm k_v{Kq¸pw, \Kcþ{Kmamkq{XW hIp¸pw Xmsg ]dbp¶Bhiy§Ä¡mbmWv hnhc§Ä tiJcn¡p¶Xv: • taJem hniIe¯n\v þ kvs]jyÂ sSIv\n¡Â

AssUzkdn {Kq¸nsâ k_v {Kq¸pIÄ \S¯p¶p. • Øe]c hniIe¯n\v þ \Kc þ {Kmamkq{XW hIp v

\nÀhln¡p¶p.NpaXe 16 : taJem hniIe¯n\pÅ hnhc tiJcWw.cWvSp Xe§fnepÅ hnhc§Ä CXn\v BhiyamWv? ? ? PnÃmXe hnhc§Ä? ? ? {]mtZinIXe hnhc§ÄPnÃmXe hnhc§fnÂ C\n ]dbp¶h DÄs¸Sp¶p: • PnÃm Bkq{XW kanXn X¿mdm¡nb PnÃm ]²Xn • A\p_Ôw X Â kqNn¸n¨ncn¡p¶ {]Imcw hnhn[

hIp¸pIfnÂ \n¶pÅ taJem kw_Ôamb hnhc§Ä,hIp¸pXe ]cnt{]£yw, amÌÀ ¹m\pIÄ, NATPAC, CESS,

CWRDM, CSIR, NABARD, DRDA F¶n§s\bpÅkzbw`cW Øm]\§fpw KthjW Øm]\§fpw\S¯nb {]hÀ¯\§Ä/ ]T-\-§Ä F¶nhbpwCXnsâ `mKambncn¡pw.

• \S¶psImWvSncn¡p¶ t{]mPIvSpIfpsSbpw ]cn]mSnIfpsSbpw hnhc§Ä

kwtbm-PnX PnÃmhnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn\v Bh-iy-ambhnh-c-§sf Ipdn- pw, hnhctiJ -c -W - þ -k - am -l -cWcoXn-I-sf-¡p-dn¨pw CuA²ym-b-¯nÂ {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p.

? ? ? hnhc tiJ-c-Ww,hnhc kam-l-cWw

? ? ? PnÃm Umäm amÌÀtS_nÄ

? ? ? PnÃ-bpsS ASn-Øm\`q]Sw

71


• PnÃm/t»m¡v ]©mb¯pIfpsSap³ hÀjs¯ ]²Xn tcJ

• PnÃmXe¯nÂ tÌ¡v tlmÄUÀamcpambn \S¶ NÀ¨IfnÂ \n¶pÅhnhc§Ä

• {]kàamb aäp hnhc§Ä

{]mtZinIXe hnhc§Ä, q]S§ÄDÄs¸sSbpÅh, {]mtZinI Xe¯nemWvtiJcn¡pI (4.4, 4.5 ImWpI){]hÀ¯\w1 þPnÃm Bkq{XW kanXn

X¿mdm¡nb PnÃm ]²Xn (CXv PnÃm¹m\nwKv Hm^oknÂ e`yamWv) FÃmk_v {Kq¸pIfpw AhtemI\w sN¿Ww.PnÃbpsS hnIk\s¯¡pdn¨ vs]mXphmb Hcp ho£Ww cq]oIcn¡m³ Hmtcm k_v {Kq¸n-s\bpw CXp{]m]vXam¡pw.

{]hÀ¯\w 2 þ k_v {Kq¸pIÄ hnhn[hIp¸pIfnÂ \n¶pw aäpw hnhcwtiJcn¡Ww. kwtbmPnX PnÃmhnIk\ cq]-tc-Jbv¡p thWvSnbpÅZznXob hnhc tiJcW¯nsâ sN¡venÌv (CXv DZm-l-c-W-§-fmbn Icp-Xn-bmÂ aXn -bm -Ipw. k¼qÀW-aÃFt¶mÀ¡p -I) A\p_Ôw XÂ\ÂInbncn¡p¶p. ap³Ime§fnse{]hWXIÄ A]{KYn ¡m³ Ignbp¶Xc¯nÂ Bhiyamb ImebfhpIfnse hnhc§ÄtiJcnt¡WvSXmWv. (DZmlcWambn,1971, 1981, 1986, 1991, 1996,2001 , 2006 F¶n§s\ HmtcmZiI¯nsebpw hnhc§Ä)

ImÀjnI taJebnÂ hnf coXnIÄhniIe\w sN¿p¶Xn\v s\Ãv, d_ÀXpS§nb Hmtcm hnfbpambpw _Ôs¸«v{Kma]©mb¯v {]tZis¯ ap³ hÀj§fnse ]e Xcw hnhc§fpw (hnkvXoÀ®w,De v]mZ\w F¶n§s\)tiJcnt¡WvSXpWvSv.

`c-W-]-c-amb AXn-cp-IÄ¡v Fs´-¦nepw amä-ap-WvSm-bn-«p-sWvS-¦nÂ, Xt±i cWØm]-\-¯nsâ Ct¸m-gs¯ AXn-cp-IÄ¡vA\p-kr-X-ambn CâÀs]m-te-j³ (interpolation)

coXn-bn-eqsS ap³ hÀj-§-fnse hnh-c-§ÄIsWvS- n-bmÂ am{Xta Xmc-Xayw sN¿m\pw{]h-W-X-IÄ A]-{K-Yn-¡m\pw km[n-¡p-I-bp-Åq.{]hÀ¯\w 3 þ {]mtZinI Xe¯nÂ

tiJcn¡p¶ ZznXob hnhc§Ä]cntim[\m hnt[bamt¡WvSXvkvs]jyÂ Sn.F.Pn. bmWv. Hmtcm {Kma]©mb¯nsebpw/ ap\nkn¸menänbnsebpw kvt]jyÂ Cât{Kj³I½nänbmWv kvs]jyÂ Sn.F.Pn. sbkw_Ôn¨v {]kàamb hnhc§ÄA\p_Ôw VIII Â ImWn¨ncn¡p¶t^md¯nÂ tiJcn¡p¶Xv. Cuhnhc§Ä kvs]jyÂ Sn .F.Pn .]cntim[n¡pIbpw BhiyambXncp¯epIÄ hcp¯pIbpw thWw.kvs]jyÂ Sn .F.Pn¡v taJemkw_Ôamb Umäm _p¡v X¿mdm¡p¶Xn\p thWvSn {]kvXpX t^md¯nepÅ hnhc§fnÂ \n¶v BhiyambhD]tbmKs¸Sp¯m\pw Ignbpw.

{]hÀ¯\w 4 þ tZiob Xe-¯nepwkwØm\ Xe¯nepw PnÃm Xe-¯nepw t»m¡v Xe¯nepw \S¶psImWvSncn¡p¶Xpw GsäSp¯Xpamb]cn]mSnIfpsSbpw t{]mPIvSpIfpsSbpw hnhc§fpw k_v {Kq¸pIÄtiJcn¡Ww. {]kvXpX hnhc§ÄtiJcnt¡WvSX v ]«nI 7 .2 set^mÀamäv A\pkcn¨mbncn¡Ww.

]«nI 7.1 Hmtcm ZiI¯nsebpw hnhc§Ä

{Ia\w C\w 1971 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006

72


C{]Imcw hnhcw tiJcn¡pt¼mÄ{][m\ t{]mPIvSpIÄ DÄs¸Sp¯m\pw,t{]mPIvSpIfpsS F®w ]camh[n 50 Bbn]cnanXs¸Sp m\pw k_v {Kq pIÄ {i²n¡Ww.

{]hÀ¯\w 5 þ PnÃm/t»m¡v ]©mb¯v

]²Xn tcJIfnse hnhc§Ä ]«nI 7.3

se t^mÀamänÂ

kamlcnt¡WvSXmWv.

* ]WnbpsS L«w: ]qÀ¯oIcn¨p, \S¶p sImncn¡p¶p, Bcw`n¨n«nÃ, Dt]£n¨p.]«nI 7.3 t»m¡v/PnÃm ]©mb v ]²Xn tcJIfnse hnhc§Ä kamlcn¡p¶Xn\pÅ t^mÀamäv.

]«nI 7.2 \S¶psImWvSncn¡p¶Xpw GsäSp¯Xpamb t{]mPIvSpIfpsSbpw]cn]mSnIfpsSbpw hnhc§Ä tiJcn¡p¶Xn\pÅ t^mÀamäv.

* Ct¸mgs¯ ØnXn þ ]qÀ¯oIcn¨p, ]ptcmKXnbnÂ, Bcw`n¨nÃ, Dt]£n¨p.** t{]mPIvSnsâ Xew þ A´À tZiobw, tZiobw, kwØm\w, PnÃ, t»m¡v, {Kma

]©mb¯v Xe§Ä.*** t{]mPIvSnsâ C\w þ tI{µmhnjvIrXw, kwØm\ ^WvSv.****t{]mPIvSnsâ ImäKdn þ {]tZi hnIk\ t{]mPIvSv, KpWt`màr t{]mPIvSv, kaql

hnIk\ t{]mPIvSv, e£yanSp¶ {]tZi¯n\p thWvSnbpÅt{]mPIvSv (DZm: Xo{h s\ÂIrjn {]tZiw), e£yanSp¶hn`mK¯n\p thWvSnbpÅ t{]mPIvSv (DZm: ]«nIPmXn/]«nIhÀ¤w)

{Ia\¼À

t{]mP-IvSn-sâ t]cv

aXn vsNehv

e£y-an«KpW-t`m--àm-¡Ä(F-®w)

Ct¸m-gs¯ØnXn *

]qÀ o-I-cWw {]Xo-£n-¡p¶hÀjw

t{]mP-IvSnsâXew **

t{]mP-IvSnsâC\w ***

t{]mP-Iv-Snsâ

Imä-Kdn****

73

PnÃm/t»m¡v ]©m-b¯v Xew

{Kma ]©m-b¯v Xew

hyàn-KX KpW-t`m-àr-

Xew

]©m-b-¯nsâ t]cv Øe-t¸cv

]Wn-bpsS L«w (C-t¸m-gs¯ ØnXn) *

t{]mPIvSv sNehv

(b-YmÀ° sNe-hv)

hÀjwØewtkh\ Xew

{Ia \¼À

\nÀt±in¨ t{]mPIvSv

Bcw-`n¨ hÀjw

PnÃm / t»m¡v ]©m-b-¯nsâ t]cv :Sn.-F.-Pn. k_v {Kq¸p-I-fpsS t]cv :hnI-k\ taJe :D]-ta-Je :


1. ]²Xn tcJbnÂ \n¶pÅ hnhc§Äkamlcn¡pt¼mÄ _Ôs¸« D]taJebnse {][m\ t{]mPIvSpIÄam{Xw IW¡nseSp¡m³ k_v {Kq¸v{i²nt¡WvSXmWv.

2. hnhc§Ä kamlcn¨ tijw k_v{Kq¸pIÄ t{]mPIvSpIsf aq¶p Xe§fnembn XcwXncn¡Ww.

? ? ? PnÃm/t»m¡v ]©mb¯v Xew? ? ? {Kma ]©mb¯v Xew? ? ? hyànKX KpWt`màrXew3. k_v {Kq¸p-Ifpambn _Ôs¸« hnhn[

hIp¸pIfnse t{]mPIvSpIfpw ]cn]mSnIfpw CtX t]mse Hcp ]«nIbmbnkamlcnt¡WvSXmWv.

{]hÀ¯\w 6 þ Hmtcm hnIk\ taJebpsSbpw D]taJeIfnÂ hcp¶tÌ¡v tlmÀUÀamcpambn Hmtcm k_v{Kq¸p-w C\n NÀ¨IÄ \S¯Ww.PnÃmXe¯nÂ t]mepw tÌ¡vtlmÄUÀamÀ DWvSmsb¶p hcmw.(DZmlcWambn Hcp PnÃmXe t{]mPIvSvGsäSp¡m\m{Kln¡p¶ Hcp hyhkmb{]apJ³). AXn\mÂ Hmtcm k_v {Kq¸pw_Ôs¸« hnIk\ taJebnse tÌ¡vtlmÄUÀamcpambn {]iv\§fpwkm[yXIfpw hnIk\ \nÀt±i§fpw`mhn {]Xo£Ifpsams¡ NÀ¨sN¿Ww. Ch ]«nI 7.4 se t^mÀamävA\pkcn v t{ImUoIcn¡pIbpw thWw.

]«nI 7.4 tÌ¡v tlmÄUÀamcpambpÅ NÀ¨ t{ImUoIcn¡p¶Xn\pÅ t^mÀamäv.

{]hÀ¯\w 7 þ t»m¡v/PnÃm ]©mb¯vhnIk\ tcJIfpw {]mtZinIXe¯nÂ {]kàamb aäv hnhc§fpwk_v {Kq¸pIÄ¡v tiJcn¡mhp¶XmWv. {]kàamsW¶p tXm¶p¶pF¦nÂ, kao] PnÃIfnÂ \n¶pÅhnhc§fpw kwØm\/ tZiob/A´ÀtZiob Xe hnhc§fpwtiJcn¡mhp¶XmWv.

{]hÀ¯\w 8 þ {]mtZinI Xe¯nÂ e`yambGXp hnhc§sf¡pdn¨pw k_v{Kq¸n\v ]cmaÀin¡msa¶ncn¡nepw{]iv\¯nsâ eLp KpcpXzs¯bpw(]«nI 4.4), km[yXm \nehmc (]«nI 4.5)s¯bpw kw_Ôn¨v {Kma ]©mb

nse/ ap\n-kn- m-en-än-bnse kvt]jyÂCât{Kj³ I½nän X¿mdm¡nb hnhc§Ä tiJcn¡m\pw kamlcn¡m\pamWv

74

Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-¯nsâ t]cv

hmÀUnsâ t]cv Øe-t¸cv

PnÃbpsS t]cv :taJe :D]-ta-Je :

hnI-k\ \nÀt±i-§Ä

Øew{Ia

\¼À {]iv\-§Ä km[y-X-IÄ


]«nI 7.5 ]©mb¯pIfnse {]iv\§fpsS eLpKpcpXz ]«nI.

]«nI 7.6 ]©mb¯pIfnse km[yXIfpsS \nehmc]«nI.

{]iv\§fpsS eLpKpcpXzw C\n ]dbp¶Xp t]msebmWv t{KUv sNbvXncn¡p¶Xv.

1. Gähpw KpcpXcw2. KpcpXcw3. {]iv\apWvSv, ]t£ KpcpXcaÃ.4. {]iv\w CÃkm[yXIfpsS \nehmcw C{]Im

camWv t{KUv sNbvXncn¡p¶Xv.1. km[yX CÃ2. Ipdª km[yX3. DbÀ¶ km[yX4. hfsc DbÀ¶ km[yX

{]hÀ¯\w 9 þ kab_ÔnXamb ]ptcmKXn Dd¸p hcp¯p¶Xn\v, hnI-k\ cq]-tcJX¿m-dm¡p¶ {]{InbbpsS Hmtcm L«¯nepw

AXphsc \S¶ {]hÀ¯\§Ä AhtemI\wsNt¿WvSXv hfsc {][m\amWv. AXn\mÂHmtcm L«hpw Ahkm\n¡pt¼mÄ, k_v{Kq¸pIsfÃmw hnhc tiJcW¯nsâbpwhnhc kamlcW¯nsâbpw hniZmwi§Äkvs]jyÂ Sn.F.Pn.bpsS P\dÂ t_mUntbmK nÂ AhXcn nt¡WvSXmWv.

C§s\ Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶Xv ]hÀt]mbnâv AhXcW¯neqsSbmtIWvSXpw,AhXcW¯n\p ap¼mbn AXnsâ kw£n]vXcq]w AwK§Ä¡v hnXcWw sNt¿WvS-Xp-amWv.Hmtcm {]mhiyhpw AhXcW thfbnÂkvs]jyÂ Sn .F.Pn .¡v Hcp dnt¸mÀ«v(A©p tIm¸nIfpw tkm^vSv tIm¸nbpw)kaÀ¸nt¡WvSXmWv.

{i² ]Xn¸nt¡WvSXv. Ch kamlcn¡ m \ p Å s { ] m t ^ m À a I f m W v

bYm{Iaw ]«nI 7.5, ]«nI 7.6 ChbnÂ\ÂInbncn¡p¶Xv.

F _n kn Un1 1 2 1 22 2 3 4 23 4 2 3 44 4 3 4 25 2 1 2 26 1 3 2 47 2 1 4 38 4 2 3 4

Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-¯nsâ t]cv{Ia \¼À

km[y-X-IÄ

]«nI 4.5 {]Imcw

kam-l-cn-¨Xv

75

F _n kn Un1 1 1 1 22 3 3 3 23 2 2 3 24 4 0 3 25 2 1 2 36 4 3 2 47 4 4 4 38 4 4 3 2

Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\- nsâ t]cv{Ia \¼À {]iv\-§Ä

]«nI 4.4 {]Imcw

kam-l-cn-¨Xv

hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡ÂNpaXe 17 : taJem kw_Ôamb Umäm

_p¡v kaÀ¸n¡Âkvs]jyÂ Sn.F.Pn.bpsS Hmtcm k_v

{Kq¸pw \Kcþ{Kmamkq{XW hIp v \ÂIp¶Hcp s]mXp t^mÀamänÂ tiJcn¨ hnhc§Äkamlcn¡pIbpw ({]hÀ¯\w 1 apXÂ 8hsc), AXv (lmÀUv tIm¸nbpw tkm^vSvtIm¸nbpw) PnÃm Su¬ ¹m\nwKv HmôknÂkaÀ¸n¡pIbpw thWw. hnhc§ÄI¼yq«dnte¡v kamlcn¡p¶ tPmen k_v{Kq¸n\v PnÃbnse dnt{]m{Km^nIv skâdns\tbm A¯cw aäv GP³knIsftbmGev]n¡mhp¶XmWv. hnhc§Ä PnÃm\Kcþ{Kmamkq{XW Hmôkv ]cntim[n¡p¶Xpw Xncp¯epIÄ ¡\pkcn¨v Hmtcmk_v {Kq¸pw Ah hoWvSpw ]cnjvIcn¡p¶Xpambncn¡pw.NpaXe 18 : Øe]c hniIe\¯n\pÅ

hnhc tiJcWw.C\n ]dbp¶hsb ASnØm\am¡n

bmWv Cu hnhc tiJcWw \S¯p¶Xv.? ? ? PnÃm Bkq{XW kanXn X¿mdm¡nb

PnÃm ]²Xn? ? ? `qhn\ntbmK hnhc§Ä? ? ? sk³kkv hnhc§Ä? ? ? doPn-b³ \nÀW-bn-¡Â DÄs¸sS

doPnb³ Xe¯nepÅ hnhc§Ä þ{Sm nIv {Sm³kvt]mÀt«j³ hnhc§ÄapX-em-bh

? ? ? taJem kw_Ôamb hnhc§Ä? ? ? { ] m t Zi nIXe¯nÂ \ n¶pÅ

hnhc§Ä? ? ? \ S ¶ p s I m W v S n c n ¡ p ¶ X p wGsäSp¯Xp amb t{]mPIvSpIfpw]cn]mSnIfpw.

ChbnÂ `qhn\ntbmK hnhc§ÄX¿mdm¡p¶Xv {]mtZinIXe¯nÂX¿mdm¡nb `qhn\ntbmK `q]S§ÄkwtbmPn¸n¨mWv. doPnb³ Xe¯nepÅhnhc§Ä \Kcþ{Kmamkq{XW hIp¸vtiJcn¡p¶XmWv. Cu hnhc§Ä kvs]jyÂSn.F.Pn.bnÂ AhXcn¸nt¡WvSXmWv.

hnhn[ hIp¸pIfnÂ \n¶v k_v {Kq¸pIÄtiJcn¡p¶ hnhc§Ä \Kcþ{Kmamkq{XWhIp¸n\pw \ÂtIWvSXmWv.

7.3 PnÃm Umäm amÌÀ tS_nÄ (DDMT) X¿mdm¡Â

PnÃbnse {Kma]©mb¯pIfpsS/ap\nkn¸menänIfpsS Umäm amÌÀ tS_nfnsehnhc§Ä kamlcn¨mWv PnÃm Umäm amÌÀtS_nÄ (DDMT) X¿mdm¡p¶Xv. ]n¶oSv CXns\GIS Â DÅ PnÃm q]Shpambn Iq«nbnW¡pw.At¸mÄ taJem kw_Ôhpw A[nhmktI{µ§tfmSv _Ôs¸«Xpw Bb hnhn[hniIe\§Ä \S¯m³ Ignbpw. PnÃm- -\-Kcþ{Km-am-kq-{XW Hmô-kmWv CXp \nÀhln-¡p-I.

7.4 PnÃbpsS ASnØm\ q]Sw X¿mdm¡ÂcWvS v ASnØm\ `q]S§fmWv

X¿mdm ¡pI. {Kma ]©mb¯nsâ/ap\nkn¸men änbpsS AXncpIÄ, {][m\KXmKX irwJ eIÄ, Pemib§Ä, {][m\tI{µ§Ä F¶nh tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯nb PnÃm`q]Sw UnPnssäkv sNbvXmWv BZys¯`q]Sw X¿mdm¡p¶Xv . {]mYanIhniIe¯n\pw Zz nXob hnhc§ÄASbmfs¸Sp¯p¶Xn\p amWv Cu `q]Sw{][m\ambn D]tbmKn ¡p¶Xv. JWvUnI4.3.3 {]Imcw {Kma ]©mb¯pIfpsSbpw\KckÌfpsSbpw UnPnssäkv sNbvX`q]S§Ä Iq«ntNÀ¯v PnÃbpsS `q]SwX¿mdm¡p¶XmWv cWvSmas¯ coXn. CuASnØm\ `q]S¯nÂ Xmeq¡vAXnÀ¯nIÄ, t»m¡v AXnÀ ¯nIÄ,]©mb¯v AXnÀ¯nIÄ, kÀthAXncpIÄ, {][m\ tdmUv iywJeIÄ,{][m\ tI{µ§Ä, {][m\ IheIfpsSt]cpIÄ, kÀth \¼cpIÄ F¶nh auenI`q]S§fnÂ \n¶v FSp¯p tNÀt¡WvSXmWv.hniZamb hniIe¯n\mWv Cu `q]SwD]tbmKn¡pI. \Kcþ {Kmam kq{XWhIp¸mWv cWvSv q]S§fpw X¿mdm¡p¶Xv.

76


A²ymbw VIII

kwtbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\ cq]-tcJ8.1 {]mcw`w

kwtbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶Xpambn_Ôs¸« \S]Sn{Ia§Ä Cu A[ymb¯nÂ hniZambn{]Xn]mZn¡p¶p.

8.2 {]{InbkwtbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-XnÂ

ASnØm\]camb aq¶p L«§fpWvSv. (Nn{Xw 8.1)

Nn{Xw 8.1 kwtbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\ cq]-tcJX¿m-dm-¡p¶ {]{Inb

1. hnhc tiJcWhpw kamlcWhpwkwtbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-\v

hniI\e¯n\v C\n ]dbp¶ hnhc§fmWv D]tbmKn¡pI: • {]mtZinIXe¯nÂ tiJcn¡p¶ hnhc§Ä: ChbnÂ

`uXnI kÀth, kmaqlyþkm¼¯nI kÀth, {Sm^n¡vþ{Sm³kvt]mÀt«j³ kÀth, ]cnØnXnþ ss]XrI kÀth,F¶nhbnÂ \n¶pÅ hnhc§fpw ZznXob hnhctiJcWhpw DÄs¸Sp¶p (4.4, 4.5 ImWpI)

• PnÃmXe¯nÂ taJem kw_Ôambn tiJcn¡p¶hnhc§Ä: taJem hniIe¯n\pw D]tbmKn¡p¶hnhc§sfÃmw CXnÂ DÄs¸Spw.

2. hnhc hniIe\w • taJem hniIe\w þ CXv kvs]jyÂ sSIv\n¡Â

AssUzkdn {Kq¸nsâ k_v {Kq¸pIÄ \S¯p¶p, • Øe]c hniIe\w þ \Kcþ {Kmamkq{XW hIp¸mWv

CXv sN¿p¶Xv.

??kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p- ¶-Xp-ambn _Ô-s¸« {][m\{]hÀ -\-§Ä Ch-bmWv:? ? ? hnhc tiJ-c-Whpw

kam-l-cWhpw? ? ? hni-I-e\w? ? ? cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡Â

77

PnÃmXehnhc tiJ-c-Whpw kam-l-c-Whpw

taJemhni-I-e\w

hnI-k\{]iv\-§Ä

Dt±ie-£y-§Ä

hnI-k\k¦ev]w

\b-§fpwX{ -§fpw

Øe-]c

hni-I-e\w

{]mtZ-inI hnI-k\cq]-tc-J-bnÂ \n¶pÅ

\nÀt±i§Ä

PnÃmXehnhc tiJ-c-Whpw kam-l-c-Whpw

taJemhni-I-e\w

hnI-k\{]iv\-§Ä

Dt±ie-£y-§Ä

hnI-k\k¦ev]w

\b-§fpwX{ -§fpw

Øe-]c

hni-I-e\w

{]mtZ-inI hnI-k\cq]-tc-J-bnÂ \n¶pÅ

\nÀt±i§Ä

kwtbm-PnX PnÃmhnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶- {]{In-b-I-sf-¡p-dn -¨mWv Cu A²ym-b-¯nÂ{]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶Xv.


3. hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡Â • hnIk\hmZ-ap-J§Ä IsWvS¯pIbpw

Dt±ie£y§Ä \nÝbn¡pIbpwsN¿pI.

• PnÃm hnIk\ k¦ev]w BhnjvIcn¡pI. • kwtbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\ cq]-tcJ X¿mdm¡pI.

8.3 hnhc hniIe\whnhc hniIe\w cWvSp `mK§

fmbmWv \S¯pI, H¶v \Kcþ {Kmamkq{XWhIp¸p \S¯p¶Xpw, aäXv kvs]jyÂsSIv\n¡Â AssUzkdn {Kq¸nsâ k_v{Kq¸pIÄ \S¯p¶Xpw. ]n¶oSv cWvSvhni--I-e\ e-§fpw IqSn Nn{Xw 8.2þÂ ImWn¨ncn¡p¶Xp t]mse kwtbmPn¸n¡s¸Sp¶p.

8.3.1 taJem hniIe\w\nehnse ØnXnKXnIfpw ap³Imeþ

hcpwIme hnIk\ {]hWXIfpw hniIe\wsN¿p¶Xp IqSmsX PnÃbpsS hnIk\ nÂHtcm taJebpsSbpw ]¦v hyàam¡pIIqSnbmWv taJem hniIe\¯nsâ Dt±iyw.XpSÀ¶v kvs]jyÂ Sn.F.Pn.bpsS k_v{Kq¸pIÄ _Ôs¸« taJeIÄ¡mbn\b§fpw Øm\m[n-jvTn-X-amb X{´§fpwcq]oIcn¡pw. CXn\mbn k_v {Kq¸pIÄ,PnÃmXe nÂ tiJcn taJem kw_Ôambhnhc§Ä D]tbmKn¨v hniIe\§Ä\St¯WvSXpWvSv, C\n ]dbp¶hbmWvhniIe\w sN¿pI:1. PnÃm ]²XnbpsS AhtemI\w2. taJebnse ap³Ime hnIk\ {]hW

XbpsS ]T\w.3. \nehnse ØnXnKXnIfpsS hniIe\w4. {]iv\§fpsSbpw km[yXIfpsSbpw

IsWvS¯epw ap³KW\ \nÝbn¡epw5. _Ôs¸«ncn¡p¶ GP³knIfpsS

{]hÀ¯\§Ä.6. PnÃmXe¯nÂ \S¶p sImWvSncn¡p¶Xpw

GsäSp¯Xpamb t{]mPIvSpIfpsSbpw]cn]mSnIfpsSbpw aqey \nÀ®bw.

7. Øm\m[n-jvTn-X-amb hnIk\ \nÀt±i§Äcq]oIcn¡Â.

8. hcpwIme hnIk\ {]hWXIfpsS ]T\w.NpaXe 28 : PnÃm ]²XnbpsS AhtemI\w.

\nehnse ØnXnKXnIÄ hniIe\wsN¿p¶Xn\v Hmtcm k_v {Kq¸pw AhchcpsStaJebnÂ ap³Ime§fnÂ \S¯nbhniIe\§Ä AhtemI\w sNt¿WvSXvAXymhiyamWv.{]hÀ¯\w 1 þ PnÃm Bkq{XW kanXn

X¿mdm¡nbXpw PnÃm ¹m\nwK vHm^oknÂ e`yambXpamb PnÃm ]²XnFÃm k_v {Kq¸pIfpw AhtemI\wsNt¿WvSXmWv. PnÃbpsS hnIk\s¯¡pdn v s]mXphmb Hcp ho£WwCXneqsS Hmtcm k_v {Kq¸pIÄ¡pwe`n¡pw. k_v {Kq¸pIÄ X§fpsShniIe\ ^e§Ä I¼yq«À AhXcW¯neqsS kvs]jyÂ Sn.F.PnbpsShÀ¡nwKv {Kq¸nÂAhXcn¸nt¡WvSXmWv.

NpaXe 29 : taJebpsS ap³Ime hnIk\{]hWXIsf,¡pdn¨pÅ ]T\w.

Hcp taJebnÂ Hcp {]tXyIImebfhnÂ hnIk\ {]hWXbnÂ amäwkw`hn¨n«pWvSmhmw, kmaqlyþ km¼¯nItam, cmjv{Sobtam, kt¦XnI hnÚm\kw_Ôtam Bb ImcW§Ä sImtWvSmatäsX¦nepw kzm[o\w sImtWvSm BhmwCu amäw. taJebnse amäw hfÀ¨tbmXfÀ¨tbm Bhmw. DZmlcWambn hyhkmbtaJe ]cnKWn¡pI. hyhkmb§fpsSF®w, sXmgnemfnIfpsS F®wF¶nhbnsems¡ DWvSmIp¶ amä¯nsâASnØm\¯nÂ ChnsS XfÀ¨bmtWmhfÀ¨bmtWm DWvSmbn«pÅsX¶vhnebncp¯m³ Ignbpw.{]hÀ¯\w 1 þ ap³Ime§fnse hnhc§Ä

D]tbmKn¨v hnhn[ hi§Ä ]T\hnt[bam¡n thWw FÃm k_v{Kq¸pIfpw CXv hniIe\wsNt¿WvSXv.

78

Nn{Xw 8.2 hnhc hni-I-e\w þ kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ


NpaXe 30 : \nehnse ØnXnKXnIfpsS hniIe\w

Hmtcm hnI-k\ taJ-e-I-fp-sSbpw hniIe\w sNt¿WvS

hnhn[ LSI§Ä A\p_Ôw XII Â hniZambn {]Xn]mZn¨n

cn¡p¶p. (CXv DZm-l-c-W-§-fmWv, k¼qÀW-aÃ F¶p {i²n-¡p-I.)

{]hÀ¯\w1 þ Hmtcm k_v {Kq¸pw {]k-à-amb hkvXp-X-IÄ¡v

A\p-kr-X-ambn taJem hnhc§Ä hniIe\w sNbvXv

]«n-I-IÄ, `q]S§Ä, NmÀ«pIÄ, ss] Ub{K§Ä

XpS§nbhbnÂ tcJ-s¸-Sp -¯-Ww. _Ôs¸«

taJebnse Dev]mZ\¯nsâtbm tkh\¯nsâtbm

C¶s¯ \nehmcw hniIe\w sN¿pIbmWv ]ca

{][m\w. IqSmsX A¯csamcp kmlNcy¯n\nSbm¡nb

ImcW§fpw IsWvSt¯WvSXmWv. AXn\p thWvSn

{]mtZinI Xe¯nsebpw tÌ¡v tlmÄUÀ amcpambpÅ

NÀ¨bnsebpw IsWvS¯epIfpw D]-tbm-K-s -Sp-t -WvS-Xm-

Wv.

NpaXe 31 : {]iv\§fpw km[yXIfpw IsWvS¯Â

{]hÀ¯\w 1 þ taJeIfpsS Ct¸mgs¯ ØnXnKXnIfpsS

]T\¯nsâ ASnØm\¯nÂ, k_v {Kq¸pIÄ

taJebpsS {]iv\§fpw km[yXIfpw IqSn

IsWvS¯Ww.

taJem kw_Ôhpw Øe kw_Ôhpamb Nne

hi§sf B{ibn¨mWv {]iv\§fpw km[yXIfpw

\nesImÅp¶sX¦nepw, Ahbntesdbpw C\n ]dbp¶

s]mXp Imcy§sf Bkv]Zam¡nbpÅhbmWv:

• km¼¯nIw

• kmaqlyw

• kmt¦XnI hnÚm\]cw

• \b]cw

{]hÀ¯\w 2 þ Hmtcm taJebnsebpw {]iv\§fpw

km[yXIfpw Øe\nÀWbw sNbvXv Hcp `q]S¯nÂ

Nn{XoIcn¡mhp¶XmWv. AXnsâ ASnØm\¯nÂ

AhbpsS ap³KW\ \nÝbn¡mw.80

???hni-I-e\w? ? ? taJem hni-I-e-\wþ

kvs]jyÂ Sn.-F.-Pn.bpsS k_v {Kq¸pIÄ\S- p-¶p.

? ? ? Øe-]c hni-I-e-\wþ\K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XWhIp¸v \S- p-¶p.


NpaXe 32 : DÄs¸«n«pÅ GP³knIfpsS{]hÀ¯\w

Hcp \nÀ±njvS taJebnse hnIk\{]hÀ¯\§fnÂ hnhn[ hIp¸pIsfIqSmsX tI{µ kÀ¡mÀ GP³knItfmkzbw`cW Øm]\§tfm, kÀ¡mtcXckwLS\Itfm Hs¡ DÄs¸«p F¶p hcmw.taJebpsS hnIk\ ]cnt{]£yw cq]s¸Sp¯p¶Xn\v, B taJebnÂ DÄs¸«n«pÅhnhn[ GP³knIfpsS {]hÀ¯\wa\Ênemt¡WvSXv hfsc BhiyamWv.{]hÀ¯\w 1 - taJebpsS hnIk\hpambn

_Ôs¸«v \nÂ¡p¶ hnhn[GP³knIÄ GsXm-s¡-bm-sW¶pwAhbpsS ]¦v F´m-sW¶pw k_v{Kq v a\-Ên-em¡n ]«nIs¸Sp¯Ww.

NpaXe 33 : PnÃm Xe¯nÂ \S¶psImWvSncn¡p¶Xpw GsäSp¯Xpambt{]mPIvSpIfpsSbpw ]cn]mSnIfpsSbpwhne-bn-cp- Â.

Ct¸mgs¯ {]iv\§fpw km[yXIfpw F´psImWvSv, F§s\ BhnÀ`hn¨pF¶p hniIe\w sN¿p¶Xn\v \nehnÂ\S¶p sImWvSnc n¡p¶XpwFsäSp¯Xpamb t{]mPIvSpIfpw]cn]mSnIfpw aqey \nÀ®bw sNt¿WvSXvAXymhiyamWv.{]hÀ¯\w 1 þ k_v {Kq¸pIÄ, PnÃm

Xe¯nÂ \S¶p sImWvSncn¡p¶XpwGsäSp¯pamb t{]mPIvSpIfpw]cn]mSnIfpw am{Xw ]«nIs¸Sp¯pIbpw q]S¯nÂ Øm\ \nÀ®bw\S¯pIbpw ]«nI 7.2Â tcJ-s¸-Sp¯pIbpw thWw.

{]hÀ¯\w 2 þ {]iv\§Ä ]cnlcn¡p¶Xn\pw km[yXIÄ hÀ²n¸n¡p¶Xn\pw t{]mPIvSpIfpw ]cn]mSnIfpwF{Xt¯mfw klmbIambn F¶pwhnebn-cp¯Ww.

NpaXe 34 : Øm\\nÀW-b-t¯msS hnIk\\nÀt±i§Ä cq]oIcn¡Â{]hÀ¯\w 1 þ taÂ hnhcn¨ ]T\§fpsS

ASnØm\¯nÂ k_v {Kq¸pIÄØm\m[n-jvTn-X-amb hnIk\ \nÀt±i§Ä BhnjvIcnt¡WvSXmWv. Ah{]iv\§Ä ]cnlcn¡m\pw km[yXIÄhnIkn¸n¡m\pw klmbIamWv.

NpaXe 35 : mhnbnse hnIk\ {]hWXIÄ{]hÀ¯\w 1 þ Hmtcm k_v {Kq¸pw, _Ôs¸«

taJebpsS \nehnse ØnXnKXnIfpwPnÃbv¡pÅnse hnIk\ \nÀt±i§fpw, kwØm\¯pw cmPy¯papÅhnIk\§fpw IW¡nseSp¯v`mhnbnse hnIk\ {]hWXIÄhniZoIcnt¡WvSXmWv. PnÃbpsSsam¯¯nepÅ hnIk\ k¦ev]wIW¡nseSp¯Ã, adn¨v taJesbtI{µoIcn¨p am{XamWv CXp sN¿p¶XvF¶v HmÀt¡WvS -XpWvS. ]n¶oSvPnÃbpsS hnIk\ k¦ev]w BhnjvIcn¡pt¼mÄ \nÀ±njvS taJesbkw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw `mhn hnI-k\{]h-W-X-IÄ¡v amäw h¶pIqsS¶nÃ.

Ipdn vhnhn[ AhØIsf kw_Ôn¨n

St¯mfw Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\§fnse AkaXz§fpw tI{µoIcWhpwIsWvS¯n, Øe]cambpÅ AhbpsShnXcWw Nn {XoIcn¡p¶ `q]S§ÄX¿mdm¡p¶XneqsS k_v {Kq¸pIÄ¡vhnhc§Ä Øe]cambpw hniIe\wsN¿mhp¶XmWv. AXn\mÂ NpaXe 29 apXÂ35 hscbpÅh \nÀhln¡p¶Xn\v, Hmtcmk_v {Kq¸pw Bkq{XW kw_Ôambkmt¦XnI hi§fpw, GIS kmt¦XnI hnZy-bpsS D]-tbm-K-¯nepw \Kcþ{Kmamkq{XWhIp¸nse DtZym -K -Ø-cpsS klm-bwkzoI-cn-t¡-WvS-XmWv. CXn\mbn Hmtcmk_v {Kq¸p-IfpsSbpw hÀ¡nwKv {Kq¸pIÄ

81


BgvNbnÂ Hcn¡se¦nepw PnÃm \Kcþ{Kmamkq{XW Hm^o-kn-t\mSv A\p-_-Ô-am-bpÅ t{]mPIvSv Hm^okv kµÀint¡WvSXmWv. 28 apXÂ 35 hscbpÅ NpaXeIfpsS ]hÀ t]mbnâv AhXcW§Ä PnÃmIfIvSdpsSbpw kvs]jyÂ Sn.F.Pn. hÀ¡nwKv{Kq¸pIfpsSbpw ap¼msI AhXcn¸nt¡WvSXmWv. Ah aq¶v L«§fmbn AhXcn¸n¡pIbmWv DNnXw:? ? ? PnÃm ]²Xn AhtemI\w ]qÀ¯o

Icn¡pt¼mÄ (NpaXe 28)? ? ? {]iv\§fpw km[yXIfpw

IsWvS¯n ap³KW\ \nÝbn¨pIgnbpt¼mÄ (NpaXe 29þ31)

? ? ? `mhn hnIk\ {]hWXIÄhniZoIcn¨ tijw (NpaXe 32þ35)

NpaXe 36 : taJem hniIe\ dnt¸mÀ«vkaÀ¸n¡Â

taJem hniIe\hpambn _Ô-s¸«hnhn[ hi-§Ä dnt¸mÀ«v cq]- nÂ kam-l-cn v kvs]jyÂ Sn.F.Pn.bpsS P\dÂ t_mUntbmK¯nÂ AhXcn¸n¡m³ _Ôs¸«k_v {Kq¸v {i²n¡Ww. A4 hen¸¯nepÅdnt¸mÀ«pw AXnsâ tkm^vSv tIm¸nbpwkvs]jyÂ Sn.F.Pn. P\dÂ I¬ho\À¡vkaÀ¸nt¡WvSXmWv. taJem hniIe\wkvs]jyÂ Sn.F.Pn.bpsS kvt]jyÂ ¹m\nwKvk_v {Kq v ]cntim[\m hnt[bamt¡WvSXmWv.8.3.2 Øe]c hniIe\w

{]mtZinIXe¯nÂ hnhc kamlcWhpw `q]S \nÀ½mWhpw ]qÀ¯nbmbmepS³ kwtbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\ cq]-tc-Jbv¡mbpÅ Øe]c hniIe\wBcw`n¡p¶p. CXnÂ C\n ]dbp¶Imcy§fmWv hniIe\w sN¿pI: 1. PnÃbv¡pÅnÂ hnhn[ qhn\ntbmK

§fpsS tI{µoIcW LS\ 2. P\kwJybpsS hnX-c-Whpw tI{µo

IcWhpw

3. P\km{µXbnse hyXnbm\¯nsâcoXnIÄ

4. sXmgnÂ LS\. 5. `mhnbnse P\kwJy ({]hWXIsf

ASnØm\am¡n.) 6. A[nhmk tI{µ§fpsS {]hÀ¯\

coXn 7. \KchÂ¡cW coXn 8. A[nhmk tI{µ§fpsS {Iaw 9. hn`h§fpsS hnX-cW coXn 10. ]cnØnXnbpsS AhØ.

(PnÃbv¡pÅnÂ {]IrXn hn`h§Ä,am\h tijn F¶n§s\bpÅ hnhn[hn`h§Ä hnXcWw sN¿s¸«ncn¡p¶coXnIsf¡pdn¨pÅ hniIe\w IqSnbmWvhn`-h-§-fpsS hnX-cW coXn F¶-Xp-sImWvSvDt±-in-¡p-¶-Xv.)

\Kcþ{Kmamkq{XW hIp¸v X¿mdm¡p¶ Øe]c hniIe\ am\zÂs\ASnØm\am¡nbmWv Øe]c hniIe\w\S¯p¶Xv. Øe-]c hniIe\¯nsâcoXnimkv{X§sf¡pdn¨v A\p_Ôw IX Âkw£n]vXambn NÀ¨ sN¿p¶pWvSv. Øe]chniIe\w kvs]jyÂ Sn .F.Pn.bpsSkvt]jyÂ ¹m\nwKv k_v {Kq v ]cntim[\mhnt[bam¡Ww.

8.4 hnIk\hmZ-ap-J§Ä IsWvS¯epw Dt±i e£y§Ä \nÝbn¡epw

Øe]c hniIe\hpw taJemhniIe\hpw \S¡p¶tXmsS, hnhn[taJeIÄ¡p am{Xw _m[IambXpw,A[nhmk tI{µ¯n\p s]mXphnÂ_m[IambXpamb hnIk\hmZ-ap-J-§Ä(]cnamWmßIhpw Øe]chpw) GsXms¡F¶p hyàamIpw. {]iv\§fpsSbpwkm[yXIfpsSbpw ASnØm\¯nÂ hnIk\hmZ-ap-J-§sf ka\zbn¸n¡pt¼mÄ PnÃbv¡Is \nÀ®mbIamb Nne hnIk\hmZ-ap-J-§sf¡pdn¨v hyàX DWvSmIpw. A¯cw

82


\nÀWmbIamb hnIk\hmZ-ap -J-§sf{]tXyIambpw, tijn¡p¶ hnIk\hmZ-ap-J-§sf s]mXphnepw ASnØm\ am¡nbmWvPnÃm hnI -k\ cq] -tcJbpsS Dt±ie£y§Ä BhnjvIcn¡p¶Xv. PnÃm\Kcþ{Kmamkq{XW Hmôknsâ klmbt¯msS, kvs]jyÂ Sn .F.Pn .bpsSkvt]jyÂ ¹m\nwKv k_v {Kq¸mWv CutPmenIÄ \nÀhln¡p¶Xv.

8.5 PnÃm hnIk\ k¦ev]w cq]oIcn¡Âkwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-

bpsS Dt±-i-e-£y-§Ä \nÝ-bn¨p Ign-ªmÂ, Ah t\Sn-sb-Sp-¡p¶Xn\pÅ amÀK-§fpw D]m-[n-Ifpw IsWvS-t -WvSn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. asämcp hn[- nÂ ]d-ªmÂ, PnÃ-bpsShnI-k\ k¦ev]w cq]o-I-cn-t¡-WvSn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. PnÃbpsS hnIk\ k¦ev]w, hcpwIme{]hÀ¯\ coXnIsfbpw, A[nhmktI{µ§fpsSbpw KXmKX irwJeIfpsSbpwhen¸s¨dp¸s¯bpsams¡ Bkv]Zam¡nNn{XoIcn¡m\mhpw. F¶mÂ ChsbÃmwtNÀ¶v PnÃbpsS Øe]camb LS\ \nÝ-bn-¡p¶p. Øe-]c LS-\-bnÂ \n¶v At\Iw`mhn km[yXIÄ IsWvS¯Ww. A\p-tbm-Py-amb ctWvSm aqt¶m hnIk\ k¦ev]§ÄAhbnÂ \n¶v Dcp¯ncnbpIbpw sN¿pw.PnÃm \Kcþ {Kmamkq{XW Hmôknsâklmbt¯msS kvs]jyÂ Sn.F.Pn. bpsSkvt]jyÂ ¹m\nwKv k_v {Kq¸mWv hnI-k\k¦ev]w cq]o-I-cn-¡p-I.

IsWvS¯p¶ hnIk\ k¦ev]§sft\«tIm«§fpsS ASnØm\¯nÂ XmcXaywsNbvX tijw, kvt]jyÂ ¹m\nwKv k_v{Kq¸ v PnÃbpsS Ańa hnIk\k¦ev]¯n\v cq]w \ÂIp¶p. CXv PnÃm`q]S¯nÂ Nn{XoIcn¡mhp¶XmWv. \Kcþ{Kmamkq{XW hIp¸nse DtZymKØÀ PnÃmBkq{XW kanXnbnepw kvs]jyÂSn.F.Pn.bpsS P\dÂ t_mUnbnepw PnÃbpsShnIk\ k¦ev]w AhXcn¸n¡p¶XmWv.

8.6 hnIk\ k¦ev]hpw s]mXphmb hnIk\ \b§fpw Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\§fnÂ AhXcn¸n¡Â

kwtbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\ cq]-tcJX¿m-dm -¡p -¶-XnÂ ssIs¡mWvSn«pÅ,apIfnÂ \n¶pw Xmtg¡pw, Xmsg \n¶p apIfnte¡papÅ, kao]\¯nsâ A´Ê¯b\pkcn v PnÃm hnIk\ k¦ev]hpw s]mXphnIk\ \b§fpw PnÃbnse {Kma]©mb¯pIfpsSbpw ap\nkn¸menänIfpsSbpw ap¶nÂ AhXcn¸n¡Ww. IgnhXpwt»m¡v/\Kc Xe nÂ kwLSn n¡p¶ HcpGIZn\ t_m[hÂ¡cW ]cn]mSnbneqsSCXv sN¿mhp¶XmWv. Hmtcm Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\¯ntâbpw `cW kanXnIÄX§fpsS A[nImc ]cn[n¡pÅnÂ HmtcmhnIk\ taJebv¡pw {]kàambt{]mPIvSpIfpw ]cn]mSnIfpw apt¶m«phbvt¡WvS XmWv .( { K m a ] © m b ¯ p I Ä ¡ p wap\nkn¸menänIÄ¡pw X§fpsS {]tZit¯¡pÅ PnÃmXe/ t»m¡pXe t{]mPIvSpIfpw]cn]mSnIfpw t]mepw \nÀt±in¡mhp¶XmWv.)

8.7 \b§fpw X{´§fpw BhnjvIcn¡ÂhnIk\ k¦ev]¯nsâ ASnØm

\ nÂ, kvs]jyÂ Sn.F.Pn.bpsS k_v{Kq¸pIÄ kwtbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\cq] -tcJ¡mbpÅ hnhn[ \b§fpwX{´§fpw IsWvSt¯WvSXmWv. CXvkvs]jyÂ Sn.F.Pn.bpsS kvt]jyÂ ¹m\nwKvk_v {Kq¸v hnebncpt¯WvSXpamWv.

Cu \b§fpw X{´§fpw ASp¯]t¯m Ccp]tXm hÀj¯n\Iw Hcp ]pXnbØe]c{Iaw krjvSn¡m\pXIp¶ kmaqlnIhpwkm¼¯nIhpamb NmeI iàn¡v cq]wsImSp¡psa¶v {]Xo£n¡p¶p. AXn\mÂA[nhmk tI{µ§fpsS mhnbnse {]hÀ¯\coXnIfpw, taJem kw_Ôamb ({]tXyIn¨pw]Ým¯e taJe) BhiyIXIfpw IW¡nseSp v P\kwJym]camb mhn km[yXIÄcq]s¸Spt¯WvSXmWv. 83

hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡ÂNpaXe 37 : \b§fpsSbpw X{´§fpsSbpwhniZmwi§Ä

PnÃm hnIk\ k¦ev]¯nsâbpw,IsWvS¯nb \nehnse {]iv\þ km[yXIfpsSbpw t\cs¯ kqNn¸n¨ mhn km[yXIfpsSbpw ASnØm\¯nÂ, kvs]jyÂ Sn.F.Pn.bpsS Hmtcm k_v {Kq¸pw X§fpsS\b§fpw X{´§fpw C\n ]dbp¶hbv¡vA\pkrXambn hniZambn cq]s¸Sp¯Ww:? ? ? `mhnbnse BhiyIXIÄ? ? ? t{]mPIvSv cq]oIcW¯n\pÅ

hniZamb \b§fpw X{´§fpw? ? ? aäp taJeIfnse amä§Ä (DZmlc

Wambn Zmcn{Zy \nÀ½mÀÖ\w)Cu \b§fpw X{´§fpw kvs]jyÂ

Sn.F.Pn.bnepw PnÃm Bkq{XW kanXnbnepwAhXcn¸nt¡WvSXmWv.

8.8 ktbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\ cq]-tcJ ({]mYanI IcSv)

C§s\ cq]oIcn¡p¶ \b§fpwX{´§fpw kwtbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\cq] -tcJbpsS LSIambn¯ocp¶p.PnÃm \Kcþ {Kmamkq{XW Hm^oknsâklmbt¯msS kvt]jyÂ ¹m\nwKv k_v{Kq v Hcp tcJ FgpXn X¿mdm¡pw. q]S§ÄA\p_ÔambpÅ Cu tcJ kwtbmPnXPnÃm hnIk\ cq]-tcJbpsS {]mYanI IcSvBWv. CXn\v C\n ]dbp¶ cWvSv LSI§ÄDWvSmbncn¡pw : • hnI-k\ ]cnt{]£yw; 15þ20 hÀjt¯¡pÅXv • \nÀh-lW cq]-tcJ; 5 hÀjt¯¡pÅXv.

dnt¸mÀ«nsâ DÅS¡w kw_Ôn¨hnhc§Ä A\p_Ôw XIIIÂ \ÂInbncn¡p¶p.

8.9 kwtbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\ cq]-tcJ ({]mYanIw)

kwtbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\ cq]-tcJbpsS {]mYanI IcSv kvs]jyÂ sSIv\n¡ÂAssUzkdn {Kq¸nÂAhXcn¸nt¡WvSXmWv. sF.-Un.-Un.]n Câ-t{K-j³ I½nän AXv A´naam¡pw. At¸mÄAXv {]mYanI kwtbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\cq]-tcJ F¶dnbs¸Sp¶p.

8.10 kwtbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\ cq]-tcJ (hnIk\ skan\mdnsâ ASnØm\ nÂ ]cnjv¡cn¨ {]mYanI dnt¸mÀ«v)

{]mYanI kwtbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\cq]-tcJ PnÃm Xe¯nÂ kwLSn¸n¡p¶ HcphnIk\ skan\mdnÂ NÀ¨ sNt¿WvSXmWv.PnÃm Bkq{XW kanXnbmWv skan\mdnÂ]s¦Spt¡WvShsc £Wn¡pI. skan\mdnse \nÀt±i§fpsS ASnØm\¯nÂ,kvt]jyÂ ¹m\nwKv k_v {Kq¸v Cu tcJhoWvSpw ]cnjvIcn¡pw.8.11 IcSv kwtbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\ cq]-tcJ

]cnjvIcn¨ {]mYanI PnÃm hnIk\cq] -tcJ AwKoImc¯n\mbn PnÃmBkq{XW kanXn¡v kaÀ¸n¡p¶XmWv.PnÃm Bkq{XW kanXnbpsS AwKoImcwe`n¡p¶ apdbv¡v AXv IcSv kwtbmPnXPnÃm hnIk\ cq]-tcJ F¶dnbs¸Spw.{]mtZinI hnIk\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-XnÂ{][m\ amÀ¤ tcJbmbn \nesImÅp¶Xv CuIcSv kwtbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\ cq]-tcJbmWv. {]tXyIn¨pw, Hmtcm {]mtZinIhnI-k\ cq]-tc-Jbv¡pw thWvSn hnIk\hmZ-ap-J-§Ä IsWvS¯p¶Xn\pw Dt±ie£y§Ä \nÝbn¡p¶Xn\pw.8.12 kwtbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\ cq]- tcJbv¡v A\paXn

PnÃm Bkq{XW kanXnbpsSAwKoImcw e`n¡p¶ IcSv kwtbmPnX PnÃmhnIk\ cq]-tcJ ]n¶oSv A\paXn¡mbnkwØm\ kÀ¡mcn\v kaÀ¸n¡p¶p.A\paXn e`n¨ kwtbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\cq]-tcJsb ASnØm\am¡nbmWv {]mtZinIhnIk\ cq]-tcJIÄ ]cnjv¡cn¡p¶Xv.AXn\p tijw, A\paXn e`n¨ kwtbmPnXPnÃm hnIk\ cq]-tcJbpsSbpw {]mtZinIhnIk\ cq]-tcJIfpsSbpw ASnØm\¯nÂt»m¡v/ PnÃm ]©mb¯v hnIk\cq]-tcJIfpw ]cnjv¡cn¡p¶p.8.13 \nÀhlWhpw tamWn«dnwKpw

kwtbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\ cq]-tcJX¿m-dm-¡p-¶Xnsâ \nÀhlW ]ptcm-KXntamWn«À sN¿p¶Xv, Ignª A[ymb¯nÂkqNn n Xp t]mse kwtbmPnX PnÃm hnIk\cq]-tcJbv¡mbpÅ Cât{Kj³ I½nänbmWv.

84

? A²ymbw IX : kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tc-Jbpw{]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJIfpwX¿m-dm¡p¶-Xn-\pÅ ka-b-{Iaw

? A²ymbw X : ]cn-io-e\§Ä

? A²ymbw IX : kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tc-Jbpw{]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJIfpwX¿m-dm¡p¶-Xn-\pÅ ka-b-{Iaw

? A²ymbw X : ]cn-io-e\§Ä


A²ymbw IXkwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbpw {]mtZ-inIhnI-k\ cq]-tcJIfpw X¿mdm¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ ka-b-{Iaw9.1 {]mcw`w

kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbpw {]mtZ-inIhnI-k\ cq]-tcJIfpw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ kab{Ias¯¡pdn- mWv Cu A[ym-b- nÂ {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶-Xv.

9.2 ka-b-{Iaw{]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbpw kwtbm-PnX PnÃm

hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbpw X¿m-dm-¡m³ BsI-thWvS Ime-b-fhv27 amkam-Wv. kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶Xn\v GI-tZiw 22 amkw Bh-iy-am-Wv. F¶mÂ cWvSp cq]tcJ-Ifpw (kw-tbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbpw {]mtZ-inIhnI-k\ cq]-tcJ-bpw) Gsd-¡psd Htc Ime-b-f-hnÂXs¶-bmWv X¿m-dm-¡p-¶Xv F¶ Imcyw {i²n-¡-Ww. 1. {]mtZ-inI PnÃm Xe-§-fnÂ hnhn[

I½n-än-I-fpsS cq]o-I-cWw þ 3 amkw 2. tijn hÀ²n n-¡Â (]-cn-io-e\§fpw aäpw)þ 3 amkw 3. Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-§-fpsS

UnPn-äÂ `q]Sw X¿m-dm-¡Â þ 6 amkw{]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡Â 1. hnhc tiJ-cWw þ `qhn-\n-tbmK

kÀth, kmaq-ly-þ-km-¼- nIkÀth ZznXob hnhc tiJ-cWw þ 6 amkw

2. hnh-c-§Ä I¼yq-«-dnÂ tNÀ¡Â,kam-l-c-Ww, `q]Sw X¿m-dm-¡Â þ 4 amkw

3. hnhc hni-I-e\w þ 4 amkw 4. hnIk\ k¦-ev]w, taJem \b-§Äþ 5 amkw 5. IcSv {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ

X¿m-dm-¡Â þ 3 amkw

kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡Â 1. PnÃ-bpsS ASn-Øm\ `q]Sw X¿m-dm-¡Âþ 1 amkw 2. PnÃm-Xe hnhc tiJ-cWw þ 3 amkw 3. hnhc kam-l-cWw þ 3 amkw 4. hnhc hni-I-e\w þ 8 amkw 5. hnIk\hmZ-ap-J-§Ä, Dt±i

e£y-§Ä \nÀW-bn-¡Â þ 2 amkw 6. hnI-k\ k¦ev]w þ 2 amkw 7. taJem kw_-Ô-amb hni-Zmw-i-§Äþ 2 amkw 8. dnt¸mÀ«v þ 2 amkw

kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn\vBsI thWvS Ime-b-fhv 22 amk-amWv (Nn{Xw 9.1) 87

?? kwtbmPnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn\v BsI H¶chÀjw thWw

?? PnÃ-bv¡-Is¯ {Kma-]-©m-b-¯p-I-fp-sSbpwap\n-kn- m-en-än-I-fp-sSbpw{]mtZ-inI hnI-k\cq]-tc-J-IÄ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn\v BsIthWvS Ime-b-fhv cWvSphÀj-amWv

?? kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tc-Jbpw {]mtZ-inI cq]-tc-J-IfpwHtc kabw Xs¶X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-\mÂCh cWvSpw IqSnX¿mdm ¡m³ thWvSXvcWvSp-hÀj-am-Wv.

Nn{Xw 9.1 {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ / kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJþ X¿m-dm-¡p¶-Xn-\pÅ ka-b-{Iaw


10.1 {]mcw`whnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p¶

GsXmcp {]{In-b-bnepw {]Y-ahpw {][m-\-hp-ambn sNt¿-WvS -X v , AXnÂ DÄs¸-«n -«pÅhÀ¡v {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbpwkwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbpw X¿m-dm¡p-¶Xpambn _Ô-s¸«p \ÂtIWvS ]cn-io-e-\-§-fpsS Bh-iy-I-X-bmWv Cu A[ym-b- nÂ hni-Zo-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. hyXykvX Xe-§-fnÂ hym]-I-am-bn-¯s¶ ]cn-io-e\w\ÂIm-\mWv Dt±-in-¡p-¶-Xv.

10.2 ]cn-io-e-\-§-fpsS Bh-iy-IXkwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-

tcJbp-w {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbpwX¿m-dm-¡p¶ {]hÀ¯\-¯nÂ GÀs¸-Sp¶hnhn[ DtZym-K-ØÀ¡pw P\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-IÄ¡pwaäpw \ÂtIWvS ]cn-io-e-\-§-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§-fmWv ]«nI 10.1 Â \ÂIn-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.CXn\p ]pdsa I¼yq-«À hXvIrX Unssk³,Pntbm-{Km-^n-¡Â C³^Àta-j³ knÌwF¶n-h-bnÂ \K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XW hIp- nseDtZym-K-ØÀ¡v hIp-¸p-Xe ]cn-io-e\w\ÂIm\pw Dt±-in-¡p-¶p. ]cn-io-e\ ]cn-]m-Sn-IÄ¡vkwØm\ kÀ¡mÀ ^WvSv \ÂIp-¶-Xm-Wv.

]«nI 10.1 {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ / kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\cq]-tcJ þ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ ]cn-io-e\ Bh-iy-IX

A²ymbw X

]cn-io-e\-§Ä

89

{Ia \w. ]cn-io-e\w BÀ¡v? ]cn -io -e\ ]cn-]mSn ]cn -io-e\

Imew

1 \K-c -þ -{Km -am-kq - {XW hIp-¸nse kmt¦-XnI DtZym-K -ØÀ

FÂ. -Un .-]n .-þ -sF.Un.-Un .-]n. cq]o-I-cW {]{Inb

Pn. -sF.Fkv aäp {]kà tkm^vS vshb-dp -IÄ

3 Znhkw

2 PnÃm Bkq-{XW kanXn AwK -§Ä -sF.Un.-Un.-]n. inev]-ime 1 Znhkw

3 F©n-\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn -\n, kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½nän tPmbnâv I¬ho -\À, dntkmgvkv t]gvk¬

FÂ. -Un .-]n .-þ -sF.Un.-Un .-]n. cq]o-I-cWw 3 Znhkw

4 kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½nän AwK-§Ä


5 ]©m -b¯v/ap\n-kn - m-enä n AwK -§Ä


6 kÀth-bÀ s{Sbn\n `uXnI kÀth, kmaq -ly -þ -km-¼-¯nI kÀth 2 Znhkw

7 kvs]jyÂ Sn.-F.Pn FÂ. -Un .-]n .-þ -sF.Un.-Un .-]n. cq]o-I-cWw 3 Znhkw

8 Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-§ -fnse A[y-£-·mÀ, sk{I-«-dn -amÀ

FÂ. -Un .-]n.-þ -sF.Un.-Un .-]n. cq]o-I-cWw 1 Znhkw

9 F©n-\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn\n, kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½nän tPmbnâv I¬ho -\À, dntkmgvkv t]gvk¬

{]mtZ -inI Xe hni -I-e\w

1 Znhkw þ t»m¡p

Xew

10 F©n-\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn\n, kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½nän tPmbnâv I¬ho -\À, dntkmgvkv t]gvk¬

{]tXyI {Kma/ hmÀUv k` 1 Znhkw


A\p_Ôw I

kmaq-ly-þ-km-¼- nI kÀth \S- p-¶-Xn-\pÅ coXn-imkv{Xw(JWvUn-I-IÄ 4.3.6, 4.4.1þ Npa-Xe 1 ImWpI)

Hcp hmÀUnÂ kmaq-ly-þ-km-¼-¯nI kÀth \S-¯p-¶-Xn-\pÅ \S-]-Sn{Iaw1. kÀth sN-t¿WvS sI«n-S-§Ä sXc-sª-Sp-¡p¶ coXn

Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\- nsâ Hcp hmÀUnse/ Unhn-j-\nse hoSp-I-fpsS \¼-cp-IÄ{]tXyIw Fgp-Xnb tijw Ahbv¡v 1 apXÂ XpSÀ -bmb {Ia \¼À \ÂIp-I. B hmÀUnse/Unhn-j-\nse A¯cw sI«n-S-§-fpsS BsI F®w Bbn-cn¡pw Ah-km-\s¯ {Ia \¼À.hoSp-I-fpsS 10 iX-am\w kÀth-bnÂ DÄs¸-Sp-¯-Ww. sI«n-S-§-fpsS BsI F®s¯ 10sImWvSv lcn¨p In«p¶ kwJysb sXm«-Sp¯ henb ]qÀW kwJybv¡p icn-bmbn FSp-¯mÂ kÀth sNt¿WvS sI«n-S-§-fpsS F®-am-bn.

kÀth sNt¿WvS BZys¯ sI«nSw IWvSp-]n-Sn-¡m³ 0 apXÂ 9 hsc-bpÅ kwJy-I-fnÂ Hsc®w \dp-¡n-s«-Sp-¡p-I. AXm-bn-cn¡pw BZyw kÀth sNt¿WvS sI«n-S-¯nsâ {Ia\¼À. AXn-t\mSv 10 hoXw Iq«n-¡n-«p¶ kwJy-I-fmWv C\n kÀth sNt¿WvS sI«n-S-§-fpsS{Ia \¼-cp-IÄ, kÀth sNt¿WvS sI«n-S-§-fnÂ Ah-km-\-t¯-Xnsâ {Ia \¼À In«m³sXm«p ap¼s¯ \¼-dn-t\mSv 10 Iq«n-bn«v, AXnÂ \n¶v sI«n-S-§-fpsS BsI F®w Ipd-bv¡p-I.Cu hkvXp-X-IÄ NphsS hni-Zo-I-cn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶Xv {i²n-¡p-I.

sI«n-S-§fpsS \¼À hmÀUnse / Unhn-j-\nse sI«nS \nIpXn cPn-Ì-dnÂ \n¶vFSp-s -gp-Xp-¶p. Ahbv¡v {Ia \¼-cp-Ifpw \ÂIp-¶p. {Ia Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-¯nsâ sI«nS \nIpXn dnamÀ¡vkv \¼À sI«nS \nIpXn cPn-ÌÀ

A\pkcn-¨pÅ sI«nS \¼À 1 1 2 2 3 5 * . . . . . . . .642 709643 710

* (hoSp-IÄ AÃm- -Xn-\mÂ 3, 4 F¶o sI«nS \¼-cp-IÄ Hgn-hm¡n)hmÀUnse / Unhn-j-\nse sI«n-S-§-fpsS BsI F®w 643AXnsâ 10 iX-am\w 64.3sXm«-Sp¯ henb ]qÀ®-kw-Jybv¡p icn-bmbn FSp-¯mÂ 65AXn-\mÂ kÀth sNt¿WvS sI«n-S-§-fpsS F®w 65\dps¡-Sp p In«nb kwJy 4 BsW-¶n-cn-¡s«, AXn-t\mSv 10 hoXw Iq«p-t¼mÄ 14, 24, 34, 44 ........kÀth sNt¿WvS sI«n-S-§-fpsS {Ia \¼-cp-IÄ AXn-\mÂ 4, 14, 24, 34, 44, .......... 634kÀth sNt¿WvS Ah-km\ sI«n-S- nsâ {Ia \¼À AXpsImWvSp 634+10-þ643 = 1 Bbn-cn¡pw

93


Ipdn v 1 : sXc-sª-Sp¯ Hcp sI«nSw ]q«n-bn-cn-¡p-I-tbm, atä-sX-¦nepw Imc-W- mÂ AhnsSkÀth \S-¯m³ Ign-bmsX hcn-Itbm sNbvXmÂ am{Xw Xma-k-apÅ sXm«-Sp¯ sI«nSwkÀth sN¿m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.Ipdn¸v 2 : Ign-hXpw Krl-\m-Y-t\mSv tNmZn¨p Xs¶ hnh-c-§Ä tiJ-cn-t¡-WvS-Xm-Wv.Ipdn¸v 3 : kÀth sNbvXp In«p¶ hnh-c-§Ä tImUv NmÀ«nÂ kqNn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p¶ tImUp-IÄD]-tbm-Kn¨v Xs¶ iq\y-amb IÅn-I-fnÂ tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯-Ww. Nne IÅn-I-fnÂ icn (tick)

AS-bmfw ? Bbn-cn¡pw CtS-WvS-Xv. CsXÃmw I¼yq-«À D]-tbm-Kn-¨pÅ A]-{K-Y\wkpKa-am-¡p-¶-Xn-\m-Wv.

Hmtcm hmÀUnepw cWvSp kÀth-bÀamÀ hoX-amWv kÀth \S- p-I. {Kma {]tZ-i§fnseXt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-§-fnÂ 3 Znh-kw sImWvSpw, \K-c-{]-tZ-i-§-fnse Xt±i kzbw`c-W-Øm-]-\-§-fnÂ 4 Znh-k-w sImWvSpw kÀth ]qÀ¯o-I-cn-t¡-WvS-Xm-Wv. AXm-b-Xv, Hmtcm kÀth-bÀ s{Sbn-\nbpw {Kma {]tZ-i-§-fnse Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\- nÂ HcphmÀUnse / Unhnj-\nse BsI sI«n-S-§-fpsS 1/6 `mK-hpw \Kc {]tZ-i-§sf kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw 1/8 `mKhp-am-Wv Hcp Znhkw kÀth sNt¿-WvSXv.Ipdn¸v 4 : Xncn- -dn-bÂ \¼À (ID) apIÄ `mK-¯mbn Fgp-tX-WvS-Xm-Wv.DZm: PnÃm t»m¡v {Kma ]©m-b¯v hmÀUv sI«n-S- nâtImUv tImUv tImUv tImUv {Ia \¼À

1 3 0 5 0 3 0 2 0 1

94

0


(F) s]mXp hnh-c-§ÄPnÃ t»m¡v {Kma ]©m-b¯v hmÀUv sI«n-S-¯nsâ {Ia\¼À

1. Xt±i kzbw-`-cW Øm]-\-¯nsâ t]cv ............................... kÀth-b-dpsS t]cv ...........................

2. hmÀUv \¼À ..........................................

3. sI«nS \¼À ..........................................

4. kÀth \¼À ..........................................

5. ASp¯ Ih-e-bpsS t]cv .........................................

6. sI«n-S-¯nsâ ASn¯d hnkvXoÀ®w (¹n v Gcn-b)- N.ao

7. sI«n-S- nsâ hnkvXoÀ®w (N.-ao)

8. sI«nSw \nÂ¡p¶ Øe-¯nsâ BsI hnkvXoÀ®w (skâv)

9. sI«n-S-¯nsâ Xcw

10. \ne-I-fpsS F®w

11. Npa-cnsâ C\w

12. Xd-bpsS {]IrXw

13. taÂ¡q-c-bpsS C\w

14. Øe- nsâ DS-a-ØX

15. ]mÀ¸n-Sm-h-iy-¯n-\-ÃmsX Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\ {]tZ-i¯v kz am-bpÅ `qan-bpsS hnkvXoÀ®w

16. sI«n-S- nsâ DS-a-ØX

17. apdn-I-fpsS F®w

18. hmÀjnI sI«nS \nIpXn (cq-])

20 ÂXmsg 20þ50 75--þ150 250 Â

IqSp-XÂ150-þ250

3 skâvhsc 3þ5 10þ25 70 Â

IqSp-XÂ25þ50 50þ75

]¡ CS- cw I¨

]pÃv Hme a¬Np-acv ¹mÌÀ sNbvXa¬Np-acv CjvSnI¹mÌn¡v ¹mÌÀ sNbvX

CjvSnI

a¬Xd km[m-cWXd-tbmSv

knaâv samssk¡v amÀ_nÄ aäp-Åh

¹mÌn¡v ]pÃv Hme Sn³ Bkv_-kvtämkv HmSv tIm¬{Ioäv

kz´w ]m«w aäp-Åh

25skâv 25þ-50 50þ70 70-þ

1 G¡À1-þ2

G¡À2þ5

G¡À5 G¡dnÂIqSp-XÂ

kz´w ]m«w hmSI

1 2 3 5 Â IqSp-XÂ4 5

atä-sX-¦nepw (hy-à-am-¡p-I)

50þ75

20 ÂXmsg 20þ50 75--þ150 250 Â

IqSp-XÂ150-þ25050þ75

5þ-10

IpSnÂ

95

...................

[


(_n) {]tXyI hnh-c-§Ä

1. Krl-\m-Ysâ hyàn-]-c-amb hnh-c-§Ä

1) t]cv .............................

2) aXw

3) ]«n-I-PmXn/ ]«nI hÀKw

4) hnh-c-§Ä \ÂIp¶ Bfpw

Krl-\m-Y-\p-am-bpÅ _Ôw

2. hnI-k\ ap³K-W\

1) KmÀlnI Xew / AbÂ¡q« Xew

2) hmÀUv Xew/ Unhn-j³ Xew

3) ]©mb v Xew / ap\n-kn- Â Xew

3. ho«nÂ kz -am-bpÅ hml-\-§-fpsS hnhcw

4. Xmsg-]-d-bp¶h DtWvSm?

F) FbÀ IWvSo-j-WÀ

_n) d{^n-P-td-äÀ

kn) sSen-hn-j³

Un) hmjnwKv sajo³

C) sSen-t^m¬

F^v) samss_Â t^m¬

Pn) I¼yq-«À

F¨v) CâÀs\äv IW-£³

sF) FÂ.-]n.-Pn. IW-£³

lnµp apÉnw {InkvXy³ aäp-Åh

AÃ

tImUv D]-tbm-Kn-¡pI


(F) hml-\-¯nsâ C\w ssk¡nÄCcp-N{I hml\w

ap¨{I hml\w

\mepN{I hml\w

aäp-Åh

(_n) DS-a-Øm-h-Im-i-apÅ hml-\-¯nsâ F®w

DWvSv CÃ

DWvSv CÃ

DWvSv CÃ

DWvSv CÃ

DWvSv CÃ

DWvSv CÃ

DWvSv CÃ

DWvSv CÃ

AsX

DWvSv CÃ

96


5. Xmakw amdn h¶tXm IpSn-tb-dn-btXm BsW-¦nÂ AXnsâ hnhcw

1) P\\ Øew .................................................

2) Ignª 5 hÀj¯n-\Iw IpSn-tb-dn-bXmtWm

3) AsX F¦nÂ, FhnsS \n¶v4) Xmakw amdn-b-Xnsâ /IpSn-tb-dn-b-Xnsâ ImcWw (tImUv D]-tbm-Kn-¡pI)5) amdn Xma-kn- -Xnsâ / IpSn-tb-dn-b-Xnsâ kz`mhw (tImUv D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-I)6) Xm¦-fpsS ho«nse AwK-§Ä Bsc-¦nepw asä-hn-tS-s¡-¦nepw IpSn-tb-dn-bn-«ptWvSm7) DWvSv F¦nÂ Fhn-tS¡v ? Ah-cpsS F®w (tImUv D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-I)8) A{]-Imcw IpSn-tb-dnb Bfpw Krl-\m-Y\w X½n-epÅ _Ôw (tImUv D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-I)

6. kuIcy§fpsS kmao]yw (ho-«nÂ \n¶v) (tImUp-IÄ D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-I)

1) KXm-KX tbmKy-amb tdmUv 2) _kv tÌm¸v 3) Bt«m Ìmâv

4) {]oþ-ss{]-adn kvIqÄ 5) temhÀ ss{]adn kvIqÄ 6) A¸À ss{]adn

kvIqÄ 7) sslkv¡qÄ 8) t]mÌv Hm^okv 9) BtcmKy

tI{µw 10) Bip-]{Xn 11) tdj³ IS 12) s]t{SmÄ ]¼v

13) amthen tÌmÀ 14) ]mÂ _q v 15) Bcm-[-\m-ebw

16) kn\nam Xotb-äÀ 17) Ifn-Øew 18) aäp-Åh (kq-Nn- n-¡p-I)7. `uXnIamb ]Ým-¯e kuI-cy-§Ä

1) PewF) Pe ZuÀe-`y-¯nsâ kz`mhw_n) D]-tbm-K- n-epÅ{][m\

Pe-t{km-XÊv (A-\p-tbm-Py- am-bXv SnIv AS-bmfw sN¿p-I)kn) Pe t{kmX-Ên-te-¡pÅ Zqcw (tImUv D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-I)Un) s]mXp Pe hnX-c-W- nsâ ka-b-{Iaw2) ipNnXzwF) I¡qkv DtWvSm_n) DWvSv F¦nÂ, coXnkn) Jc-am-en\yw \o¡w sN¿p-¶Xv

Fhn-tSbv¡v?3) sshZypXnF) e`y-amtWm?

AÃAsX

CÃDWvSv

ZuÀe`ywCÃ

1- - - þ2amkw

2þ3amkw

3þ6amkw

6 amk- n-tesd

InWÀap\n-kn- m-enän/hm«À AtXm-dnänPe-hn-X-cWw

s]mXpInWÀ

s]mXpIpgÂInWÀ

kz´wIpfw

s]mXpIpfw

aäp-Åh

1þ6aWn-¡qÀ

6-þ12aWn-¡qÀ

12-þ24aWn-¡qÀ

1 aWn-¡q-dnÂXmsg

cp Znh-k-¯nÂ Hcn-¡Â, AXn-

tesd sshIn

CÃDWvSv

AsX

sk]vänIv Sm¦v Ipgn I¡qkvXpd-ÊmbØew

kz´w ]d-¼nÂ sXcp-hnÂ KmÀt_Pv

_n³Xpd-ÊmbØew

aäp-Åh(hy-à-am-¡pI)


97

AÃ

\Zn


8. {]Xn-amk sNehv (cq-]) kw_-Ôn¨ hnhcw

1) `£Ww .............................

2) BtcmKyw .............................3) hnZym- ymkw .............................

4) bm{X .............................

5) sI«n-S-¯nsâ ]cn-c£ / hmSI .............................6) ho«p tPmen-¡mÀ .............................

7) sshZypXn .............................

8) sSen-t^m¬ .............................9) shÅw .............................

10) hnt\m-tZm-]m-[n-IÄ .............................

11) aX-]cw / kmaqlyw .............................12) aäv B{in-XÀ .............................

13) kuµ-cy-hÀ²I hkvXp-¡Ä .............................

14) aäp-Åh .............................9. hfÀ¯p arK-§-fpsS F®w

\mb tImgn Xmdmhv apbÂ BSv

Imf ]ip Fcpa ]¶n aäp-Åh

10. Ipªp-§-fpsS ØnXn (5 apXÂ 14 hsc hb-kv)

11. IpSpw-_- nse GsX-¦nepw AwK- n\v Ignª A©p hÀj- n-\Iw Xmsg-]-d-bp¶

tcmKw h¶n-«ptWvSm ?

kvIqfnÂ t]mImsX tPmen-¡mbn t]mIp¶hÀ

kvIqfnepw tPmen¡pw t]mIp¶hÀ

kvIqfnÂ am{Xw t]mIp¶hÀ

Ip«n-I-fpsS F®wIp«n-I-fpsS

BsI F®w

tImfd sU¦n ]\n NnIp³ Kp\nb sl -ssä-änkv £bw ssSt^mbvUv ate-dnb

98

12. IpSpw_ hnhcw

Krl-\m-Y-\p-am-bpÅ

_Ôw 12.1

]pcp-j³/ kv{Xo 12.2

hbkv 12.3

hnhm-ln-X-cmtWm 12.4

hnZym- ymk tbmKyX 12.5

sXmgnÂ 12.6

{]Xn-amk hcp-am\w 12.7

tPmen-bpsS kz`mhw 12.8

tPmen Øe-t¯-¡pÅ Zqcw 12.9

bm{Xm coXn 12.10

* dnamÀ¡vkv

12.11

* imco-cn-I-tam am\-kn-Itam Bb sshI-ey-ap-s-¦ntem, hn[-h-bm-sW-¦n-tem, A¡mcyw kqNn- n-¡pI 13. atä-sX-¦nepw {]tXyI \oco-£-W-§Ä Ds-¦nÂ Ah


tImUv NmÀ«v1. Krl-\m-Ysâ hyàn-]-c-amb hnhcw4) 0þ `À¯m-hv, 1þ `mcy, 2þ aI³, 3þ aIÄ, 4þ sNdp-a-I³, 5þ-sN-dp-a-IÄ, 6þ AÑ³, 7þ A½, 8þ acp-a-IÄ, 9þ acp-a-I³, 10þ A½m-hn-A-Ñ³, 11þ A½m-hn-A½, 12þ aäp-Å-hÀ2. hnI-k\ ap³K-W\ 1þ- tdm-Uv, 2þ Pew, 3þ hnZym- ymk Øm]-\w, 4þ amÀ¡-äv, 5þ ]mÀ¡v, Xpd-Êmb Øew 6þ ipNn-Xzw, 7þ hoSv, 8þ sshZyp-Xn, 9þ ih-kw-kv¡mc kuI-cyw, 10þ bm{Xm kuIcyw, 11þ Bip-]-{Xn, 12þ ]mÀ¡nwKv Øew, 13þ aäp-Åh (hy-à-am-¡pI)5. IpSn-tbä hnhcw3) 1þ Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\ {]tZ-i¯v 2þ Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\- n\p ]pd- v, F¶mÂ PnÃ-bv¡-I- v, 3þ PnÃbv¡v ]pd- v, F¶mÂ tIc-f- n-\-I- v, 4þ Xan-gv\m-Sv, 5þ IÀWm-S-I, 6þ amln, 7þe£-Zzo-]v, 8 þ Z£n-tW- y-bnse aäp {]tZ-i-§Ä, 9þ Cý-bnse aäp {]tZ-i-§Ä, 10þ hntZ-i¯v4) 1þ tPmen, 2þ hnZym- ym-k- n-\pÅ Ah-k-cw, 3þ kmaq-ly-amb ImcWw (Iq-Sp-XÂ kuI-cy-§Ä e`y-am-Ip-¶-Xv, _Ôp-¡-fpsS km¶n-[yw, apX-em-b-h) 4þ asä-s -¦nepw (hy-à-am-¡p-I)5) 1þ {Kma- nÂ \n¶v {Kma- n-te-¡v, 2þ {Kma- nÂ \n¶v \K-c- n-te-¡v, 3þ \K-c- nÂ \n¶v {Kma- n-te-¡v, 4þ \K-c- nÂ \n¶v \K-c- n-te¡v7) 1þ Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\- n\p ]pd- v, F¶mÂ PnÃ-bv¡-I v, 2þ AbÂ PnÃ, 3þ tIc-f- nse aäp {]tZ-i-§Ä, 4þ Cý-bnse aäp {]tZ-i-§Ä 5þ a[y-]qÀh cmPy-§Ä, 6þ Ata-cn-¡, 7þ hntZ-i¯v atä-sX-¦nepw {]tZ-i-§Ä8) 0þ Krl-\m-Y³, 1þ `À¯mhv / `mcy, 2þ aI³/ aIÄ, 3þ sNdp-a-I³ / sNdp-a-IÄ, 4þ AÑ³ / A½, 5þ acp-a-I³ / acp-a-IÄ, 6þ A½mhn AÑ³ / A½mhn A½, 7þ ap -È³/ ap -Èn, 8þ aäp-Å-hÀ6. kuI-cy-§-fpsS kmao]yw (ho-«nÂ \n¶v) 1þ 0.5 In.ao Â Xmsg, 2þ 0.5 In.ao apXÂ 1 In.-ao, 3þ 1þ2 In.-ao, 4þ 2þ3 In.-ao., 5þ 3þ5 In.-ao, 6þ 5 In.ao Â IqSp-XÂ7. ùXn-I-amb ]Ým-¯e kuIcyw1. Pewkn. {][m\ Pe t{kmX-ÊnÂ \n¶pÅ AIew 1þ ]d-¼n-\-I v, 2 þ ]pd v 50 ao. hsc, 3þ 50-þ100 ao, 4þ 100-þ250 ao, 5þ 250þ500 ao., 6þ 500-þ1000 -ao. 7þ 1 In. -ao. Â IqSp-XÂ

100

12. IpSpw-_-hn-hcw 12.1) 0þ- À¯m-hv, 1þ `mcy, 2þ aI³, 3þ aIÄ, 4þ sNdp-a-I³, 5þ sNdp-a-IÄ, 6þ AÑ³, 7þ A½, 8þ acp-a-IÄ, 9þ acp-a-I³, 10þ A½mhn AÑ³, 11þ A½mhn A½, 12þ ap -Èn, 13þ ap -È³,

14þ aäp-Å-hÀ 12.2) 1þ ]pcp-j³ , 2þ kv{Xo 12.4) 1þ hnhm-lnX/³, 2þ Ahn-hm-lnX/³, 3þ hn[h/hn`m-cy³,

4þ hnhml _Ôw thÀs]-Sp- nb BÄ 12.5) 0þ \nc-£-c³, 1þ {]mY-anI hnZym- ym-kw, 2þ sslkv¡qÄ,

3þ {]o þUn-{Kn, 4þ Un{Kn, 5þ t]mÌv {KmtPz-äv, 6þ kmt¦-XnI hnZym- ym-kw, 7þ s{]m -j-\Â {KmtPz-äv, 8þ aäp-Åh (kq-Nn- n-¡p-I) 12.6) 1þ kÀ¡mÀ, 2þ AÀ[-þ-kÀ¡mÀ, 3þ kzImcy taJ-e, 4þ kzbw-sXm-gnÂ, 5þ sXmgnÂ cln-X³/ sXmgn-en\p {ian-¡p-¶-bmÄ, 6þ kmaqly {]hÀ -I³,

7þ s]³j-\À, 8þ sXmgnÂ Bh-iy-an-Ãm¯ BÄ/ sXmgn-en\p {ian-¡m¯ BÄ, 9þ hnZymÀ°n, 10þ aäp-Åh (kq-Nn- n-¡p-I) 12.7) 1þ 1000 Â Xmsg, 2þ 1000 apXÂ 3000 hsc, 3þ 3000 apXÂ 8000 hsc, 4þ 8000 Â IqSp-XÂ 12.8) kÀ¡mÀ Poh\w-þ1, IÀjI sXmgn-em-fn-þ2, IÀj-I³ þ3, I¶p-Imen hfÀ¯Â þ4, hntZ-i¯v tPmen sN¿p-¶-hÀ-þ5, Npa«p sXm-gn-em-fn-þ6, _oUn sXmgn-em-fn-þ7,

Bim-cn- -Wn-þ8, IbÀ sXmgn-em-fn-þ9, aäp IpSnÂ hyh-km-b-§-fnÂ GÀs -«n- «p-Å-hÀ-þ10, \nÀ½mW ]Wn (klm-bn)-þ11, ] -¡dn I -h-Sw-þ12, aÕyw NnÃ-d-bmbn hnev¡p-¶-hÀ-þ13, aÕy sam¯ hym]m-c-n þ14, ]c-¼-cm-KX ao³]n-Sp- -¡mÀ-þ15, tXm«w sXmgn-em-fn-IÄ-þ16, tlm«Â sXmgn-em-fn-IÄ-þ17, ss{UhÀ-þ18, `t£y-Xc hkvXp-¡Ä NnÃ-d-bmbn hnÂ¡p-¶-hÀ-þ19, aZy hyh-km-b-hp-ambn

_Ô-s¸« sXmgn-em-fn-IÄ-þ20, \nÀ½mW sXmgn-em-fn-þ21, aäp {][m\ hyh-kmb sXmgn-em-fn-IÄ þ 22, aän\w sXmgn-em-fn-IÄ þ 23.

12.9) 1þ 1 In.-ao. hsc, 2þ 1 apXÂ 3 In.-ao. hsc, 3þ 3þ10 In.-ao. 4þ 10 In.ao Â IqSp-XÂ 12.10) 1þ ImÂ\-S, 2þ ssk¡nÄ, 3þ kz´w hml-\w, 4þ s]mXp-hm-l-\w, 12.11) 1þ AsX 2þ AÃ


101


A\p_Ôw I

kmaq-ly-þ-km-¼- nI kÀth \S- p-¶-Xn-\pÅ coXn-imkv{Xw(JWvUn-I-IÄ 4.3.6, 4.4.1þ Npa-Xe 1 ImWpI)

Hcp hmÀUnÂ kmaq-ly-þ-km-¼-¯nI kÀth \S-¯p-¶-Xn-\pÅ \S-]-Sn{Iaw1. kÀth sN-t¿WvS sI«n-S-§Ä sXc-sª-Sp-¡p¶ coXn

Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\- nsâ Hcp hmÀUnse/ Unhn-j-\nse hoSp-I-fpsS \¼-cp-IÄ{]tXyIw Fgp-Xnb tijw Ahbv¡v 1 apXÂ XpSÀ -bmb {Ia \¼À \ÂIp-I. B hmÀUnse/Unhn-j-\nse A¯cw sI«n-S-§-fpsS BsI F®w Bbn-cn¡pw Ah-km-\s¯ {Ia \¼À.hoSp-I-fpsS 10 iX-am\w kÀth-bnÂ DÄs¸-Sp-¯-Ww. sI«n-S-§-fpsS BsI F®s¯ 10sImWvSv lcn¨p In«p¶ kwJysb sXm«-Sp¯ henb ]qÀW kwJybv¡p icn-bmbn FSp-¯mÂ kÀth sNt¿WvS sI«n-S-§-fpsS F®-am-bn.

kÀth sNt¿WvS BZys¯ sI«nSw IWvSp-]n-Sn-¡m³ 0 apXÂ 9 hsc-bpÅ kwJy-I-fnÂ Hsc®w \dp-¡n-s«-Sp-¡p-I. AXm-bn-cn¡pw BZyw kÀth sNt¿WvS sI«n-S-¯nsâ {Ia\¼À. AXn-t\mSv 10 hoXw Iq«n-¡n-«p¶ kwJy-I-fmWv C\n kÀth sNt¿WvS sI«n-S-§-fpsS{Ia \¼-cp-IÄ, kÀth sNt¿WvS sI«n-S-§-fnÂ Ah-km-\-t¯-Xnsâ {Ia \¼À In«m³sXm«p ap¼s¯ \¼-dn-t\mSv 10 Iq«n-bn«v, AXnÂ \n¶v sI«n-S-§-fpsS BsI F®w Ipd-bv¡p-I.Cu hkvXp-X-IÄ NphsS hni-Zo-I-cn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶Xv {i²n-¡p-I.

sI«n-S-§fpsS \¼À hmÀUnse / Unhn-j-\nse sI«nS \nIpXn cPn-Ì-dnÂ \n¶vFSp-s -gp-Xp-¶p. Ahbv¡v {Ia \¼-cp-Ifpw \ÂIp-¶p. {Ia Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-¯nsâ sI«nS \nIpXn dnamÀ¡vkv \¼À sI«nS \nIpXn cPn-ÌÀ

A\pkcn-¨pÅ sI«nS \¼À 1 1 2 2 3 5 * . . . . . . . .642 709643 710

* (hoSp-IÄ AÃm- -Xn-\mÂ 3, 4 F¶o sI«nS \¼-cp-IÄ Hgn-hm¡n)hmÀUnse / Unhn-j-\nse sI«n-S-§-fpsS BsI F®w 643AXnsâ 10 iX-am\w 64.3sXm«-Sp¯ henb ]qÀ®-kw-Jybv¡p icn-bmbn FSp-¯mÂ 65AXn-\mÂ kÀth sNt¿WvS sI«n-S-§-fpsS F®w 65\dps¡-Sp p In«nb kwJy 4 BsW-¶n-cn-¡s«, AXn-t\mSv 10 hoXw Iq«p-t¼mÄ 14, 24, 34, 44 ........kÀth sNt¿WvS sI«n-S-§-fpsS {Ia \¼-cp-IÄ AXn-\mÂ 4, 14, 24, 34, 44, .......... 634kÀth sNt¿WvS Ah-km\ sI«n-S- nsâ {Ia \¼À AXpsImWvSp 634+10-þ643 = 1 Bbn-cn¡pw

93


Ipdn v 1 : sXc-sª-Sp¯ Hcp sI«nSw ]q«n-bn-cn-¡p-I-tbm, atä-sX-¦nepw Imc-W- mÂ AhnsSkÀth \S-¯m³ Ign-bmsX hcn-Itbm sNbvXmÂ am{Xw Xma-k-apÅ sXm«-Sp¯ sI«nSwkÀth sN¿m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.Ipdn¸v 2 : Ign-hXpw Krl-\m-Y-t\mSv tNmZn¨p Xs¶ hnh-c-§Ä tiJ-cn-t¡-WvS-Xm-Wv.Ipdn¸v 3 : kÀth sNbvXp In«p¶ hnh-c-§Ä tImUv NmÀ«nÂ kqNn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p¶ tImUp-IÄD]-tbm-Kn¨v Xs¶ iq\y-amb IÅn-I-fnÂ tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯-Ww. Nne IÅn-I-fnÂ icn (tick)

AS-bmfw ? Bbn-cn¡pw CtS-WvS-Xv. CsXÃmw I¼yq-«À D]-tbm-Kn-¨pÅ A]-{K-Y\wkpKa-am-¡p-¶-Xn-\m-Wv.

Hmtcm hmÀUnepw cWvSp kÀth-bÀamÀ hoX-amWv kÀth \S- p-I. {Kma {]tZ-i§fnseXt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-§-fnÂ 3 Znh-kw sImWvSpw, \K-c-{]-tZ-i-§-fnse Xt±i kzbw`c-W-Øm-]-\-§-fnÂ 4 Znh-k-w sImWvSpw kÀth ]qÀ¯o-I-cn-t¡-WvS-Xm-Wv. AXm-b-Xv, Hmtcm kÀth-bÀ s{Sbn-\nbpw {Kma {]tZ-i-§-fnse Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\- nÂ HcphmÀUnse / Unhnj-\nse BsI sI«n-S-§-fpsS 1/6 `mK-hpw \Kc {]tZ-i-§sf kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw 1/8 `mKhp-am-Wv Hcp Znhkw kÀth sNt¿-WvSXv.Ipdn¸v 4 : Xncn- -dn-bÂ \¼À (ID) apIÄ `mK-¯mbn Fgp-tX-WvS-Xm-Wv.DZm: PnÃm t»m¡v {Kma ]©m-b¯v hmÀUv sI«n-S- nâtImUv tImUv tImUv tImUv {Ia \¼À

1 3 0 5 0 3 0 2 0 1

94

0


(F) s]mXp hnh-c-§ÄPnÃ t»m¡v {Kma ]©m-b¯v hmÀUv sI«n-S-¯nsâ {Ia\¼À

1. Xt±i kzbw-`-cW Øm]-\-¯nsâ t]cv ............................... kÀth-b-dpsS t]cv ...........................

2. hmÀUv \¼À ..........................................

3. sI«nS \¼À ..........................................

4. kÀth \¼À ..........................................

5. ASp¯ Ih-e-bpsS t]cv .........................................

6. sI«n-S-¯nsâ ASn¯d hnkvXoÀ®w (¹n v Gcn-b)- N.ao

7. sI«n-S- nsâ hnkvXoÀ®w (N.-ao)

8. sI«nSw \nÂ¡p¶ Øe-¯nsâ BsI hnkvXoÀ®w (skâv)

9. sI«n-S-¯nsâ Xcw

10. \ne-I-fpsS F®w

11. Npa-cnsâ C\w

12. Xd-bpsS {]IrXw

13. taÂ¡q-c-bpsS C\w

14. Øe- nsâ DS-a-ØX

15. ]mÀ¸n-Sm-h-iy-¯n-\-ÃmsX Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\ {]tZ-i¯v kz am-bpÅ `qan-bpsS hnkvXoÀ®w

16. sI«n-S- nsâ DS-a-ØX

17. apdn-I-fpsS F®w

18. hmÀjnI sI«nS \nIpXn (cq-])

20 ÂXmsg 20þ50 75--þ150 250 Â

IqSp-XÂ150-þ250

3 skâvhsc 3þ5 10þ25 70 Â

IqSp-XÂ25þ50 50þ75

]¡ CS- cw I¨

]pÃv Hme a¬Np-acv ¹mÌÀ sNbvXa¬Np-acv CjvSnI¹mÌn¡v ¹mÌÀ sNbvX

CjvSnI

a¬Xd km[m-cWXd-tbmSv

knaâv samssk¡v amÀ_nÄ aäp-Åh

¹mÌn¡v ]pÃv Hme Sn³ Bkv_-kvtämkv HmSv tIm¬{Ioäv

kz´w ]m«w aäp-Åh

25skâv 25þ-50 50þ70 70-þ

1 G¡À1-þ2

G¡À2þ5

G¡À5 G¡dnÂIqSp-XÂ

kz´w ]m«w hmSI

1 2 3 5 Â IqSp-XÂ4 5

atä-sX-¦nepw (hy-à-am-¡p-I)

50þ75

20 ÂXmsg 20þ50 75--þ150 250 Â

IqSp-XÂ150-þ25050þ75

5þ-10

IpSnÂ

95

...................

[


(_n) {]tXyI hnh-c-§Ä

1. Krl-\m-Ysâ hyàn-]-c-amb hnh-c-§Ä

1) t]cv .............................

2) aXw

3) ]«n-I-PmXn/ ]«nI hÀKw

4) hnh-c-§Ä \ÂIp¶ Bfpw

Krl-\m-Y-\p-am-bpÅ _Ôw

2. hnI-k\ ap³K-W\

1) KmÀlnI Xew / AbÂ¡q« Xew

2) hmÀUv Xew/ Unhn-j³ Xew

3) ]©mb v Xew / ap\n-kn- Â Xew

3. ho«nÂ kz -am-bpÅ hml-\-§-fpsS hnhcw

4. Xmsg-]-d-bp¶h DtWvSm?

F) FbÀ IWvSo-j-WÀ

_n) d{^n-P-td-äÀ

kn) sSen-hn-j³

Un) hmjnwKv sajo³

C) sSen-t^m¬

F^v) samss_Â t^m¬

Pn) I¼yq-«À

F¨v) CâÀs\äv IW-£³

sF) FÂ.-]n.-Pn. IW-£³

lnµp apÉnw {InkvXy³ aäp-Åh

AÃ



(F) hml-\-¯nsâ C\w ssk¡nÄCcp-N{I hml\w

ap¨{I hml\w

\mepN{I hml\w

aäp-Åh

(_n) DS-a-Øm-h-Im-i-apÅ hml-\-¯nsâ F®w

DWvSv CÃ

DWvSv CÃ

DWvSv CÃ

DWvSv CÃ

DWvSv CÃ

DWvSv CÃ

DWvSv CÃ

DWvSv CÃ

AsX

DWvSv CÃ

96


5. Xmakw amdn h¶tXm IpSn-tb-dn-btXm BsW-¦nÂ AXnsâ hnhcw

1) P\\ Øew .................................................

2) Ignª 5 hÀj¯n-\Iw IpSn-tb-dn-bXmtWm

3) AsX F¦nÂ, FhnsS \n¶v4) Xmakw amdn-b-Xnsâ /IpSn-tb-dn-b-Xnsâ ImcWw (tImUv D]-tbm-Kn-¡pI)5) amdn Xma-kn- -Xnsâ / IpSn-tb-dn-b-Xnsâ kz`mhw (tImUv D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-I)6) Xm¦-fpsS ho«nse AwK-§Ä Bsc-¦nepw asä-hn-tS-s¡-¦nepw IpSn-tb-dn-bn-«ptWvSm7) DWvSv F¦nÂ Fhn-tS¡v ? Ah-cpsS F®w (tImUv D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-I)8) A{]-Imcw IpSn-tb-dnb Bfpw Krl-\m-Y\w X½n-epÅ _Ôw (tImUv D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-I)

6. kuIcy§fpsS kmao]yw (ho-«nÂ \n¶v) (tImUp-IÄ D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-I)

1) KXm-KX tbmKy-amb tdmUv 2) _kv tÌm¸v 3) Bt«m Ìmâv

4) {]oþ-ss{]-adn kvIqÄ 5) temhÀ ss{]adn kvIqÄ 6) A¸À ss{]adn

kvIqÄ 7) sslkv¡qÄ 8) t]mÌv Hm^okv 9) BtcmKy

tI{µw 10) Bip-]{Xn 11) tdj³ IS 12) s]t{SmÄ ]¼v

13) amthen tÌmÀ 14) ]mÂ _q v 15) Bcm-[-\m-ebw

16) kn\nam Xotb-äÀ 17) Ifn-Øew 18) aäp-Åh (kq-Nn- n-¡p-I)7. `uXnIamb ]Ým-¯e kuI-cy-§Ä

1) PewF) Pe ZuÀe-`y-¯nsâ kz`mhw_n) D]-tbm-K- n-epÅ{][m\

Pe-t{km-XÊv (A-\p-tbm-Py- am-bXv SnIv AS-bmfw sN¿p-I)kn) Pe t{kmX-Ên-te-¡pÅ Zqcw (tImUv D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-I)Un) s]mXp Pe hnX-c-W- nsâ ka-b-{Iaw2) ipNnXzwF) I¡qkv DtWvSm_n) DWvSv F¦nÂ, coXnkn) Jc-am-en\yw \o¡w sN¿p-¶Xv

Fhn-tSbv¡v?3) sshZypXnF) e`y-amtWm?

AÃAsX

CÃDWvSv

ZuÀe`ywCÃ

1- - - þ2amkw

2þ3amkw

3þ6amkw

6 amk- n-tesd

InWÀap\n-kn- m-enän/hm«À AtXm-dnänPe-hn-X-cWw

s]mXpInWÀ

s]mXpIpgÂInWÀ

kz´wIpfw

s]mXpIpfw

aäp-Åh

1þ6aWn-¡qÀ

6-þ12aWn-¡qÀ

12-þ24aWn-¡qÀ

1 aWn-¡q-dnÂXmsg

cp Znh-k-¯nÂ Hcn-¡Â, AXn-

tesd sshIn

CÃDWvSv

AsX

sk]vänIv Sm¦v Ipgn I¡qkvXpd-ÊmbØew

kz´w ]d-¼nÂ sXcp-hnÂ KmÀt_Pv

_n³Xpd-ÊmbØew



97

AÃ

\Zn


8. {]Xn-amk sNehv (cq-]) kw_-Ôn¨ hnhcw

1) `£Ww .............................

2) BtcmKyw .............................3) hnZym- ymkw .............................

4) bm{X .............................

5) sI«n-S-¯nsâ ]cn-c£ / hmSI .............................6) ho«p tPmen-¡mÀ .............................

7) sshZypXn .............................

8) sSen-t^m¬ .............................9) shÅw .............................

10) hnt\m-tZm-]m-[n-IÄ .............................

11) aX-]cw / kmaqlyw .............................12) aäv B{in-XÀ .............................

13) kuµ-cy-hÀ²I hkvXp-¡Ä .............................

14) aäp-Åh .............................9. hfÀ¯p arK-§-fpsS F®w

\mb tImgn Xmdmhv apbÂ BSv

Imf ]ip Fcpa ]¶n aäp-Åh

10. Ipªp-§-fpsS ØnXn (5 apXÂ 14 hsc hb-kv)

11. IpSpw-_- nse GsX-¦nepw AwK- n\v Ignª A©p hÀj- n-\Iw Xmsg-]-d-bp¶

tcmKw h¶n-«ptWvSm ?

kvIqfnÂ t]mImsX tPmen-¡mbn t]mIp¶hÀ

kvIqfnepw tPmen¡pw t]mIp¶hÀ

kvIqfnÂ am{Xw t]mIp¶hÀ

Ip«n-I-fpsS F®wIp«n-I-fpsS

BsI F®w

tImfd sU¦n ]\n NnIp³ Kp\nb sl -ssä-änkv £bw ssSt^mbvUv ate-dnb

98

12. IpSpw_ hnhcw

Krl-\m-Y-\p-am-bpÅ

_Ôw 12.1

]pcp-j³/ kv{Xo 12.2

hbkv 12.3

hnhm-ln-X-cmtWm 12.4

hnZym- ymk tbmKyX 12.5

sXmgnÂ 12.6

{]Xn-amk hcp-am\w 12.7

tPmen-bpsS kz`mhw 12.8

tPmen Øe-t¯-¡pÅ Zqcw 12.9

bm{Xm coXn 12.10

* dnamÀ¡vkv

12.11

* imco-cn-I-tam am\-kn-Itam Bb sshI-ey-ap-s-¦ntem, hn[-h-bm-sW-¦n-tem, A¡mcyw kqNn- n-¡pI 13. atä-sX-¦nepw {]tXyI \oco-£-W-§Ä Ds-¦nÂ Ah


tImUv NmÀ«v1. Krl-\m-Ysâ hyàn-]-c-amb hnhcw4) 0þ `À¯m-hv, 1þ `mcy, 2þ aI³, 3þ aIÄ, 4þ sNdp-a-I³, 5þ-sN-dp-a-IÄ, 6þ AÑ³, 7þ A½, 8þ acp-a-IÄ, 9þ acp-a-I³, 10þ A½m-hn-A-Ñ³, 11þ A½m-hn-A½, 12þ aäp-Å-hÀ2. hnI-k\ ap³K-W\ 1þ- tdm-Uv, 2þ Pew, 3þ hnZym- ymk Øm]-\w, 4þ amÀ¡-äv, 5þ ]mÀ¡v, Xpd-Êmb Øew 6þ ipNn-Xzw, 7þ hoSv, 8þ sshZyp-Xn, 9þ ih-kw-kv¡mc kuI-cyw, 10þ bm{Xm kuIcyw, 11þ Bip-]-{Xn, 12þ ]mÀ¡nwKv Øew, 13þ aäp-Åh (hy-à-am-¡pI)5. IpSn-tbä hnhcw3) 1þ Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\ {]tZ-i¯v 2þ Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\- n\p ]pd- v, F¶mÂ PnÃ-bv¡-I- v, 3þ PnÃbv¡v ]pd- v, F¶mÂ tIc-f- n-\-I- v, 4þ Xan-gv\m-Sv, 5þ IÀWm-S-I, 6þ amln, 7þe£-Zzo-]v, 8 þ Z£n-tW- y-bnse aäp {]tZ-i-§Ä, 9þ Cý-bnse aäp {]tZ-i-§Ä, 10þ hntZ-i¯v4) 1þ tPmen, 2þ hnZym- ym-k- n-\pÅ Ah-k-cw, 3þ kmaq-ly-amb ImcWw (Iq-Sp-XÂ kuI-cy-§Ä e`y-am-Ip-¶-Xv, _Ôp-¡-fpsS km¶n-[yw, apX-em-b-h) 4þ asä-s -¦nepw (hy-à-am-¡p-I)5) 1þ {Kma- nÂ \n¶v {Kma- n-te-¡v, 2þ {Kma- nÂ \n¶v \K-c- n-te-¡v, 3þ \K-c- nÂ \n¶v {Kma- n-te-¡v, 4þ \K-c- nÂ \n¶v \K-c- n-te¡v7) 1þ Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\- n\p ]pd- v, F¶mÂ PnÃ-bv¡-I v, 2þ AbÂ PnÃ, 3þ tIc-f- nse aäp {]tZ-i-§Ä, 4þ Cý-bnse aäp {]tZ-i-§Ä 5þ a[y-]qÀh cmPy-§Ä, 6þ Ata-cn-¡, 7þ hntZ-i¯v atä-sX-¦nepw {]tZ-i-§Ä8) 0þ Krl-\m-Y³, 1þ `À¯mhv / `mcy, 2þ aI³/ aIÄ, 3þ sNdp-a-I³ / sNdp-a-IÄ, 4þ AÑ³ / A½, 5þ acp-a-I³ / acp-a-IÄ, 6þ A½mhn AÑ³ / A½mhn A½, 7þ ap -È³/ ap -Èn, 8þ aäp-Å-hÀ6. kuI-cy-§-fpsS kmao]yw (ho-«nÂ \n¶v) 1þ 0.5 In.ao Â Xmsg, 2þ 0.5 In.ao apXÂ 1 In.-ao, 3þ 1þ2 In.-ao, 4þ 2þ3 In.-ao., 5þ 3þ5 In.-ao, 6þ 5 In.ao Â IqSp-XÂ7. ùXn-I-amb ]Ým-¯e kuIcyw1. Pewkn. {][m\ Pe t{kmX-ÊnÂ \n¶pÅ AIew 1þ ]d-¼n-\-I v, 2 þ ]pd v 50 ao. hsc, 3þ 50-þ100 ao, 4þ 100-þ250 ao, 5þ 250þ500 ao., 6þ 500-þ1000 -ao. 7þ 1 In. -ao. Â IqSp-XÂ

100

12. IpSpw-_-hn-hcw 12.1) 0þ- À¯m-hv, 1þ `mcy, 2þ aI³, 3þ aIÄ, 4þ sNdp-a-I³, 5þ sNdp-a-IÄ, 6þ AÑ³, 7þ A½, 8þ acp-a-IÄ, 9þ acp-a-I³, 10þ A½mhn AÑ³, 11þ A½mhn A½, 12þ ap -Èn, 13þ ap -È³,

14þ aäp-Å-hÀ 12.2) 1þ ]pcp-j³ , 2þ kv{Xo 12.4) 1þ hnhm-lnX/³, 2þ Ahn-hm-lnX/³, 3þ hn[h/hn`m-cy³,

4þ hnhml _Ôw thÀs]-Sp- nb BÄ 12.5) 0þ \nc-£-c³, 1þ {]mY-anI hnZym- ym-kw, 2þ sslkv¡qÄ,

3þ {]o þUn-{Kn, 4þ Un{Kn, 5þ t]mÌv {KmtPz-äv, 6þ kmt¦-XnI hnZym- ym-kw, 7þ s{]m -j-\Â {KmtPz-äv, 8þ aäp-Åh (kq-Nn- n-¡p-I) 12.6) 1þ kÀ¡mÀ, 2þ AÀ[-þ-kÀ¡mÀ, 3þ kzImcy taJ-e, 4þ kzbw-sXm-gnÂ, 5þ sXmgnÂ cln-X³/ sXmgn-en\p {ian-¡p-¶-bmÄ, 6þ kmaqly {]hÀ -I³,

7þ s]³j-\À, 8þ sXmgnÂ Bh-iy-an-Ãm¯ BÄ/ sXmgn-en\p {ian-¡m¯ BÄ, 9þ hnZymÀ°n, 10þ aäp-Åh (kq-Nn- n-¡p-I) 12.7) 1þ 1000 Â Xmsg, 2þ 1000 apXÂ 3000 hsc, 3þ 3000 apXÂ 8000 hsc, 4þ 8000 Â IqSp-XÂ 12.8) kÀ¡mÀ Poh\w-þ1, IÀjI sXmgn-em-fn-þ2, IÀj-I³ þ3, I¶p-Imen hfÀ¯Â þ4, hntZ-i¯v tPmen sN¿p-¶-hÀ-þ5, Npa«p sXm-gn-em-fn-þ6, _oUn sXmgn-em-fn-þ7,

Bim-cn- -Wn-þ8, IbÀ sXmgn-em-fn-þ9, aäp IpSnÂ hyh-km-b-§-fnÂ GÀs -«n- «p-Å-hÀ-þ10, \nÀ½mW ]Wn (klm-bn)-þ11, ] -¡dn I -h-Sw-þ12, aÕyw NnÃ-d-bmbn hnev¡p-¶-hÀ-þ13, aÕy sam¯ hym]m-c-n þ14, ]c-¼-cm-KX ao³]n-Sp- -¡mÀ-þ15, tXm«w sXmgn-em-fn-IÄ-þ16, tlm«Â sXmgn-em-fn-IÄ-þ17, ss{UhÀ-þ18, `t£y-Xc hkvXp-¡Ä NnÃ-d-bmbn hnÂ¡p-¶-hÀ-þ19, aZy hyh-km-b-hp-ambn

_Ô-s¸« sXmgn-em-fn-IÄ-þ20, \nÀ½mW sXmgn-em-fn-þ21, aäp {][m\ hyh-kmb sXmgn-em-fn-IÄ þ 22, aän\w sXmgn-em-fn-IÄ þ 23.

12.9) 1þ 1 In.-ao. hsc, 2þ 1 apXÂ 3 In.-ao. hsc, 3þ 3þ10 In.-ao. 4þ 10 In.ao Â IqSp-XÂ 12.10) 1þ ImÂ\-S, 2þ ssk¡nÄ, 3þ kz´w hml-\w, 4þ s]mXp-hm-l-\w, 12.11) 1þ AsX 2þ AÃ


101

A\p_Ôw II

hmÀUv / Unhn-j³ Xe-¯nÂ `uXnI kÀth\S- p-¶-Xn-\pÅ coXn-imkv{Xw

(JWvUnI 4.4.1, Npa-Xe 2 ImWpI)

I. kmam\ywhmÀUnsâ / Unhn-jsâ 1:5000 kvsIbn-en-epÅ dokÀth `q]-S-amWv ASn-Øm\

`q]-S-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-t¡-WvS-Xv. CXn-emWv hni-Zmw-i-§Ä tcJ-s¸-Sp-t¯-WvS-Xv. (do-kÀth`q]Sw e`y-a-sÃ-¦nÂ ap¼s¯ kÀth A\p-k-cn-¨pÅ q]Sw D]-tbm-Kn-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv), {][m\Ih-e-I-fpsS t]cv, {][m\ tdmUp-IÄ, {][m\ kÀ¡mÀ sI«n-S-§Ä, Bcm-[-\m-e-b-§Ä, Pem-i-b-§Ä F¶n-§s\ {]tZ-is¯ kw_-Ôn¨ Nne hni-Zmw-i-§Ä Cu ASn-Øm\ q]-S- nÂ DWvSm-bn-cn-¡pw. kÀth \S-¯p-t¼mÄ Cu ASn-Øm\ `q]-S-¯nÂ kÀth-bÀ Hmtcm XpWvSp `qan-bn-tebpw apJy-amb `qhn-\n-tbm-Khpw (kq-N-I- nÂ \nÀt±-in¨ \nd-§-fnÂ), {][m\sI«n-S-§-fpsS ssIhi D]-tbm-Khpw (kq-NI¯nÂ \nÀt±-in¨ NnÓ-§Ä A\p-k-cn¨v) AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯Ww kÀthbv¡p thWvSn ]e-Xcw IfÀ s]³kn-ep-IÄ, km[m-cW s]³knÂ,kvsIbnÂ, 15 aoäÀ \of-ap-Å- tS v F¶nh \ÂIp-¶-Xm-Wv. kÀth \S-t¯WvS coXn C\n hnh-cn-¡p-¶p.Ipdn¸v 1: Hcp hmÀUnÂ am{X-am-bmWv kÀth \S- p-¶-sX-¦n-epw, hmÀUnsâ AXn-cp-I-fnÂ\n¶v 50 aoäÀ `qhn- mKw IqSn kÀth-bnÂ DÄs -Sp- m³ {i²n-t¡-WvS-Xm-Wv.II. kÀthbpsS \S-]-Sn-{IawL«w 1

kÀth Bcw- n-¡p-¶-Xn\p ap¼v ASn-Øm\ q]-S- nÂ C\n ]d-bp¶ hnh-c-§Ä Fgp-Xp-I:1. {Kma¯nsâ t]cv2. Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-¯nsâ t]cv3. hmÀUnsâ / Unhn-jsâ t]cpw \¼cpw4. kÀth-bÀ s{Sbn-\n-bpsS t]cv5. D¯-c-Zni (h-S¡v `mKw)6. kÀth \S-¯p¶ XobXn

L«w 2hmÀUnse GsX-¦nepw {][m\ Ih-e-bnÂ \nt¶m {][m\ Øe¯p \nt¶m kÀth

XpS-§-Ww. `q]-S-¯nÂ Cu Øew IsWvS-¯p-Ibpw Øe-t¸-cv Fgp-Xp-Ibpw thWw.L«w 3

Cu Øm\w Hcp aqe-bm-¡n, tdmUv, sdbnÂth sse³, tXmSv F¶n-h AXn-cp-I-fmbvhcp¶ Hcp q`mKw IsWvS-¯p-I. AXpw AXnsâ AXn-cp-Ifpw q]-S-¯nÂ AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯p-I.L«w 4

C§s\ AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯nb `q`m-K¯nse aq¶p kÀth \¼-cp-I-sf-¦nepw hkvXpDS-a-Ø-cpsS tcJ-I-fp-ambn H¯pt\m¡n IrXyX Dd¸p hcp- -Ww. IrXyX Dd¸p hcp-t -WvSXv kÀth-bpsS ]ca {][m\ L«-am-Wv. IrXyX t_m[y-s¸-«mÂ am{Xta kÀth- XpS-cm-hq.L«w 5

X¶n-cn-¡p¶ ASnØm\ q]-S- nÂ tdmUv, sdbnÂth sse³, tXmSv XpS-§nb tcJobkhn-ti-j-X-IÄ CsÃ-¦nÂ Ah-sbÃmw AXnÂ AS-bm-f-s -Sp- -Ww. sXc-sª-Sp¯ `q`mK-¯nsâ Hcp hiw hmÀUnsâ AXn-À¯n BsW-¦nÂ AXpw `q]-S-¯nÂ AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯p-I.


102

L«w 6Hmtcm 500 aoäÀ CS-hn«v tdmUnsâ hoXn tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯-Ww. {][m\ Ih-e-I-fpsS

t]cp-Ifpw tcJ-s¸-Sp-t¯-WvS-Xm-Wv.L«w 7

L«w 3 A\p-k-cn¨v sXc-sª-Sp¯ `q`m-K-¯nse Hmtcm XpWvSp `qan-bp-sSbpw apJy-amb `qhn-\n-tbmKw tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯p-I-bmWv Cu L«-¯nÂ sNt¿-WvS-Xv.7 (F) hmWn-Pym-h-iy-§Ä¡pÅ sI«n-S-§Ä ØnXn sN¿p¶ Øe-§Ä Xncn-¨-dn-ªv, Ah

`q]-S- nÂ \oe \nd- nÂ tcJ-s -Sp- p-I.7 (_n) hymh-km-bn-Im-h-iy-§Ä¡pÅ sI«n-S-§Ä ØnXn sN¿p¶ Øe-§Ä IsWvS- n,

Ah `q]-S- nÂ hb-eäv \nd- nÂ AS-bm-f-s -Sp- p-I.7 (kn) s]mXp sI«n-S-§Ä ØnXn sN¿p¶ Øe-§Ä Xncn- -dn-ªv, Ah Nph¸p \nd- nÂ

AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯p-I.7 (Un) KXm-KX kuI-cy-§Ä {_u¬ \nd-¯nÂ AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯pI7 (C) tNcn {]tZ-i-§Ä ISpw-aª \nd-¯nÂ tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯pI7 (F- v)s\ÂIr-jn-bpÅ {]tZ-i-§Ä Cfw ]¨ \nd- nÂ AS-bm-f-s -Sp- pI7 (Pn) Xcn-imbn InS-¡p¶ {]tZ-i-§Ä {_u¬ tcJ-IÄ D]-tbm-Kn¨v lm¨nwKv coXn-bnÂ

AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯pI7(-F- v) Pem-i-b-§Ä BIm-i- nsâ \oe \nd- nÂ tcJ-s -Sp- pI7 (sF)]mÀ¸n-S-§Ä¡mbn D]-tbm-Kn-¡p¶sXmgnsI atä-sX-¦nepw Xc-¯n-epÅ `qhn-\n-tbmKw

IsWvS- n-bmÂ, Ah Nmc\nd- nÂ q]-S- nÂ AS-bm-f-s -Sp- p-Ibpw D]-tbm-K- nsâkz`mhw tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw sN¿p-I.

7 (sP) C\n `q]-S-¯nÂ AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯m³ tijn-¡p¶ `qhn-\n-tbmKw H¶p-InÂ ]mÀ¸nStaJetbm, AsÃ-¦nÂ Pe-tkN\an-Ãm¯ Irjn Øetam AXp-a-sÃ-¦nÂ Xmak ØehpwIrjnbpw tNÀ¶tXm BImw. ]mÀ¸nS taJ-e-bm-sW-¦nÂ aª \nd- nÂ AS-bm-f-s -Sp-¯p-I. Pe-tk-N-\-an-Ãm¯ Irjn-Ø-e-am-sW-¦nÂ AXnsâ C\w tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯m³kqN-I- nÂ \ÂInbn-cn-¡p¶ NnÓw D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-I. Xma-k-Ø-ehpw Irjnbpw tNÀ¶-XmWvF¦nÂ, AXnÂ apJy-am-bXv GtXm, AXn-\-\p-k-cn- pÅ \ndw \ÂIp-I.

Ipdn v 2 : apJy-amb `qhn-\n-tbmKwapJy-amb qhn-\n-tbmKw F¶-Xp-sImWvSv, Hcp q`mK- nse {][m\ {]hÀ¯\w F¶mWv

AÀ°-am-¡p-¶-Xv. Hcp \nÀ±njvS sI«n-S- nsâ D]-tbm-Ks¯ qhn-\n-tbm-K-ambn hymJym-\n-t¡-WvS-Xn-Ã. DZm-l-c-W-ambn Hcp ]mS-ti-J-c-¯ntem AXn-t\mSp tNÀt¶m Ht¶m ctWvSm hoSp-IÄ DsWvS-¶n-cn-¡-s«. B {]tZ-i-¯nsâ `qhn-\n-tbmKw AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯p-t¼mÄ, B hoSp-IÄIW-¡n-se-Sp-¡m-sX, apgp-h³ {]tZ-ihpw ]mS-ti-J-c-hp-ambn Icp-Xm-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. AXp-t]m-se,Hcp ]mÀ¸nS taJ-e-bnÂ Hä-s¸« Ht¶m ctWvSm IS-IÄ DsWvS-¶n-cn-¡-s«, B {]tZ-is¯`qhn-\n-tbmKw AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯p-t¼mÄ IS-IÄ Ah-K-Wn¨v apgp-h³ {]tZ-ihpw ]mÀ¸nStaJ-e-bmbn AS-bm-f-s -Sp- m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. AXn-\mÂ `qhn-\n-tbmKw AS-bm-f-s -Sp- p-¶-Xn\v HmtcmsI«n-Shpw Hmtcm XpWvSp `qanbpw ]cn-K-Wn-¡p-I-b-Ã, adn-¨v, sXc-sª-Sp¯ {]tZ-is¯apJy-amb `qhn-\n-tbmKw IW-¡n-se-Sp-¯v AXp-am{Xw AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp¯p-I-bmWv thWvS-Xv.Ipdn¸v 3 : Hcp {]tXyI {]tZ-i-¯nsâ `qhn-\n-tbmKw `q]-S-¯nÂ AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯p-t¼mÄ, B{]tZ-i-¯nsâ bYmÀ°-¯n-epÅ BIr-Xnbpw hnkvXr-Xnbpw B\p-]m-Xn-I-ambn `q]-S-¯nepwtcJ-s¸-Sp-¯m³ {i²n-t¡-WvS-Xm-Wv.


103

L«w 8{][m\ sI«n-S-§-fpsS D]-tbmKw kqN-I-¯nse NnÓ-§Ä A\p-k-cn¨v AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-

¯p-¶Xv Cu L«-¯n-em-Wv. sI«n-S-¯nsâ D]-tbmKw `q]-S-¯nÂ tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-tXm-sSm¸w,B sI«n-S-¯nsâ Npäp-a-XnÂ IqSn AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯-Ww. CtXm-sS, L«w 3Â sXc-sª-Sp¯{]tZ-i-¯nsâ `uXnI kÀth ]qÀ¯n-bm-Ip-¶p. Ct¸mÄ kÀth \S-¯nb {]tZ-i-t¯mSvtNÀ¶v asämcp {]tZiw C\n sXc-sª-Sp-¡p-I-bpw, t\cs¯ L«w 3 apXÂ L«w 8 hschnh-cn¨ {Ia-¯nÂ Ahn-sSbpw kÀth ]qÀ¯n-bm-¡pIbpw th-Ww. C§s\ Hcp hmÀUnseapgp-h³ {]tZ-i-¯n-sâbpw `uXnI kÀth \S-¯m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.L«w 9 : sN¡v enÌv

C\n kqNn- n-¡p-¶h `q]-S- nÂ AS-bm-f-s -Sp- n-bn-«ptWvSm F¶p ]cn-tim-[n-¡p-I.(1) hmÀUnsâ AXn-cp-IÄ (2) tdmUp-IÄ, sdbnÂth sse\p-IÄ, tdmUnsâ hoXn 500 aoäÀCS-hn«v (3) Ipfw, Ip¶v, tXmSv, ]pg XpS§n {]IrXym DÅ khn-ti-j-X-IÄ (4) {][m\Ih-e-I-fpsS t]cv (5) FÃm s]mXp sI«n-S-§fpw aäv {][m\ sI«nS§fpw (6) `qhn-\n-tbm-Kw.L«w 10

apI-fnÂ hnh-cn- -X-\p-k-cn¨v `q]-S- nÂ AS-bm-f-s -Sp- p¶ tPmen ]qÀ¯n-bm-bmÂkÀth-bÀ H¸n«v kq£va ]cn-tim-[-\-bv¡mbn D -c-hm-Zn- -s¸« DtZym-K-Ø\v `q]Sw ssIam-dpIkqNIwI. AXn-cp-IÄ 1. ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- Â AXnÀ¯n 2. ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- Â hmÀUnsâ AXnÀ¯nII. KXm-KX irwJ-e-Ifpw tcJob khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw 1. taPÀ _kv dq«v (15 an\n-«nÂ Ipdª CS-th-f-bnÂ _kv HmSp-¶p) þ I«n-bpÅ Idp¯ hc 2. k_v taPÀ _kv dq«v (15-þ30 an\n«v CS-thfbnÂ _kv HmSp-¶p) þ I«n-bpÅ Nph¸p hc 3. ssa\À _kv dq«v (30-þ60 an\n«v CS-th-f-bnÂ _kv HmSp-¶p) þ I«n-bpÅ {_u¬ hc 4. k_v ssa\À _kv dq«v (Hcp aWn-¡q-dn-tesdbpÅ CS-th-f-bnÂ _kv HmSp-¶p) þ I«n-bpÅ ]¨ hc 5. _kv dq«v AÃ þ I«n-bpÅ hb-eäv hc 6. \S-¸mX 7. sdbnÂth sse³ 8. Pem-ibw, \Zn, tXmSv 9. Iep¦v 10. sehÂ t{ImknwKv

tdmUp-I-fpsS DS-a-ØX IqSn hyà-am-¡p¶ Hcp tdmUp irwJem `q]Sw {]tXyIwX¿m-dm-t¡-WvS-Xm-Wv. Xmsg ]d-bp¶ NnÓ-§Ä AXn-\mbn D]-tbm-Kn¡mw.

1. \mj-WÂ sslth, tÌäv sslth þ I«n-bpÅ Idp¯ hc2. {][m\ PnÃm tdmUp-IÄ (MDR) þ I«n-bpÅ Nph¸p hc3. PnÃm ]©m-b¯v tdmUv þ I«n-bpÅ ]¨ hc4. t»m¡v ]©m-b¯v tdmUv þ I«n-bpÅ aª hc5. {Kma ]©m-b¯v tdmUv þ I«n-bpÅ \oe hc6. h\w hIp¸v tdmUv þ I«n-bpÅ Hmd©v hc7. lmÀ_À/t]mÀ«v, ^nj-dokv þ I«n-bpÅ hb-eäv hc8. sI.-F-kv.-C._n tdmUv þ I«n-bpÅ aP´ hc


104

III. sI«n-S-¯nsâ D]-tbmKw ImWn-¡p¶ NnÓ-§Ä1. hmWnPy ]cw (C) NnÓ-§Ä

C -1 N´C -2 tlm«Â, temUvPvC -3 _m¦vC -4 BUn-täm-dnbw, I½yq-Wn-än-lmÄC -5 cWvSn-tesd \ne-I-fpÅ hmWn-Pym-h-iy- n-\pÅ sI«nSw

2. hymh-km-bn-Im-hiyw (I)

I -1 tkh\ hyh-km-b-§ÄI -2 aäp hyh-km-b-§Ä

3. kÀ¡mÀ/ s]mXp sI«n-S-§Ä (P)

P -1 kÀ¡mÀ Hm^okvP -2 {]o ss{]adn kvIqÄ

P -3 hnZym- ymk Øm]-\-§Ä, {]oss{]-adn kvIqÄ HgnsI

P -4 Bcm-[-\-em-b-§Ä {InkvXy³ ]Ån

t£{Xw

apÉnw ]Ån

aäp-Åh

P -5 Bip-]-{Xn, BtcmKy Øm]-\-§Ä

P -6 kmwkvIm-cnI Øm]-\-§Ä

P -7 Pe-hn-X-c-Ww, sshZypXn hnX-cWw XpS-§nb

bq«n-enän sI«n-S-§Ä4. `qhn-\n-tbmKw kqNn- n-¡p¶ \nd-§fpw NnÓ-§fpw

`qhn-\n-tbmKw \ndw NnÓw1 ]mÀ¸nS taJe (R)

R -1 ]mÀ¸nS taJe aªR -2 DbÀ¶ km{µX (Hmtcm 5 skânepw aª RD

H¶n-tesd sI«n-Sw) bpÅ ]mÀ¸nS taJeR -3 tNcn ISpw aª SL

M

H

B

A

C

SI

OI

G

PS

E

C

T

M

O

C

U


105

9. aäp tdmUv þ I«n-bpÅ {_u¬ hc10. sshZypXn sse³ (ssl- sS³j³ sse³ am{Xw) H H H

11. ss]¸v sse³ ({]-[m-\-s¸-«h am{Xw) w w w w

12. Pe-tk-N\ I\mÂ c_c_c_c_c

5. lcn-Xm-`hpw Xpd-Êm-bXpw (G)

G -1 tÌUn-bw, Ifn-Øew apX-em-bh ]¨

G -2 ]mÀ¡v ]¨ PK

G -3 ivaim-\w, skan-t¯cn apX-em-bh ]¨ ++++

G -4 Xpd-Êmb ssaXm\w ]¨ M

G -5 Hgnª Øew Nmc-\ndw V

G -6 Xcnip `qan Nmc-\ndw W

6. KXm-KXw (T)

T -1 sdbnÂth tÌj³ {_u¬

T -2 _kv Ìm³Uv / _kv sSÀan-\Â {_u¬

T -3 _kv tÌm¸v {_u¬

T -4 hÅ-¡-Shv / t_m«v sP«n {_u¬

T -5 SmIvkn Ìm³Uv / Bt«m Ìm³Uv/

]mÀ¡nwKv Øew {_u¬

7. Pem-ibw (W)

W -1 Ipfw Cfw \oe

W -2 aäp-Åh Cfw \oe

8. Ic Irjn (A) Cfw ]¨ hc-IÄsImWvSpÅ lm¨nwKv

A -1 \mfo-tIcw ” C

A -2 d_À ” R

A -3 ac- o\n ” T

A -4 aäp-Åh (hy-à-am-¡p-I) ” O

PL

RS

BT

BS

BJ

P


106

2 hmWnPy taJe \oe

3 s]mXp D]-tbm-K-§Ä (kÀ¡mÀ, AÀ[ kÀ¡mÀ,

aäp Øm]-\-§Ä, Bcm-[-\m-e-b-§Ä) Nph v4 hymh-km-bnI taJe hb-eäv


A\p_Ôw III

{Sm^nIvþ{Sm³kvt]mÀt«-j³ hnhc tiJ-cWw(JWvUnI 4.4.1, Npa-Xe 3 ImWpI)

??F©n\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn-\n-bmWv {Sm^n-Iv-þ-{Sm³kvt]mÀt«-j³ hnh-c-§Ä tiJ-cn-t¡-WvS-Xv. L«w 1 þ{Kma ]©m-b- nsâ / ap\n-kn- m-en-än-bpsS 1:10000 kvsIbn-en-epÅ `q]-S- nsâ cWvSp tIm¸n-IÄ tiJ-cn-¡p-I.L«w 2 þ`qhn-\n-tbmK kÀth A\p-k-cn¨v tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-«pÅ FÃm tdmUp-Ifpw

DS-a-Ø-X-bpsS ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ Xcw-Xn-cn-¡p-I-bpw, `q]-S-¯nsâ BZy tIm¸n-bnÂ Xmsg ]dbpw {]Imcw hyXykvX \nd-§-fp-]-tbm-Kn v AS-bm-f-s -Sp- p-Ibpw sN¿p-I:

\mj-WÂ sslth & tÌäv sslth þ I«n-bpÅ Idp¯ hc{][m\ PnÃm tdmUv (MDR) þ I«n-bpÅ Nph¸p hcPnÃm ]©m-b¯v tdmUv þ I«n-bpÅ ]¨ hct»m¡v ]©m-b¯v tdmUv þ I«n-bpÅ aª hc{Kma ]©m-b¯v tdmUv þ I«n-bpÅ \oe-hc

L«w 3 þ BZy q]-S- nÂ C\n ]d-bp¶ Imcy-§sf kqNn- n-¡p¶ NnÓ-§fpw AS-bm-f-s -Sp- pIKXm-KX XSÊw DWvSm-Ip¶ {]tZiw ??(Np-h- v)þ Øe-t¸cv `q]-S- nÂ

tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯pIA`n-hr²ns¸Sp-t¯WvS Ihe + (Np-h-¸v) þ Ih-e-bpsS t]cv q]-S-¯nÂ

tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯pIIp¯-s\-bpÅ Ncnhv ??????????(Np-h- v) þ Øe-t¸cv

`q]-S-¯nÂ tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯pIKXm-KX XpSÀ¨ CÃm¯ {]tZiw (Missing links) (Np-h- v) þ Øe-t¸cv

`q]-S-¯nÂ tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯pIL«w 4 þ `q]-S-¯nsâ cWvSm-as¯ tIm¸n-bnÂ hen-¸-s¨-d-p-¸-a\pkcn¨v tdmUp-IÄ AS-bm-f- s¸-Sp-¯p-I. Hcp tdmUn-eqsS Hcp \nÀ±njvS CS-th-f-bnÂ _kv HmSp-¶-X-\p-k-cn¨v tdmUnsâ hen- -s -dp¸w \nÝ-bn-¡p-¶p.

taPÀ _kv dq«v (15 an\n-«nÂ IpdªCS-th-f-bnÂ _kv HmSp-¶p) þ I«n-bpÅ Idp¯ hck_v taPÀ _kv dq«v (15-þ30 an\n«vCS-thfbnÂ _kv HmSp-¶p) þ I«n-bpÅ Nph¸p hcssa\À _kv dq«v (30-þ60 an\n«vCS-th-f-bnÂ _kv HmSp-¶p) þ I«n-bpÅ {_u¬ hck_v ssa\À _kv dq«v (Hcp aWn-¡q-dn-tesdbpÅ CS-th-f-bnÂ _kv HmSp-¶p) þ I«n-bpÅ ]¨ hc_kv dq«v AÃ þ I«n-bpÅ hb-eäv hc

107


L«w 5taPÀ / k_v taPÀ/ ssa\À _kv dq«p-I-fpÅ tdmUpIfpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä Xmsg

ImWn-¨n-cn-¡p¶ NmÀ«nÂ tcJ-s¸-Sp¯n `q]-S-§-tfmsSm¸w kaÀ¸n-¡p-I.

* SmÀ sNbvX-Xv, a®v tdmUv, saäÂ tdmUv\ÃXv þ Imdnsâ icm-icn thKX 60-þ80 In.-ao. aWn-¡q-dn\vXc-t¡-SnÃ þ Imdnsâ icm-icn thKX 40-þ60 In.-ao. aWn-¡q-dn\vtamiw þ Imdnsâ icm-icn thKX 30-þ40 In.-ao. aWn-¡q-dn\v

tdmUnsâ t]cv

tdmUv sk£sâ t]cv

icm-icn hoXn (ao.)

D]-cn-X-e- nsâ X-cw *

k©m-c-¯nsâ \ne-hmcw **

KXm-KX _Ôw CÃm¯

{]tZiw / ]mew

shÅ-sam-gp-¡n\v amÀ¤-§Ä (Dv/

CÃ)

108

**


A\p_Ôw IV A

]cn-ØnXn kÀth(JWvUnI 4.4.1, Npa-Xe 4 ImWpI)

]cn-ØnXn þss]-XrI kÀth \S-¯p-¶Xv kÀthbÀ s{Sbn-\n-I-fpsS klm-b-t¯msSF©n\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn-\n-I-fm-Wv. `qhn-\n-tbmK kÀth hnh-c-§Ä CXn\p thWvSnD]-tbm-Kn-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.

]cn-ØnXn kÀth

1. ]cn-ØnXn kÀtÆ-bnÂ {Kma ]©m-b- nsâ / ap\n-kn- m-en-än-bpsS 1:10,000 kvsIbn-en-epÅ`q]-S- n-emWv C\n kqNn- n-¡p¶ {]Imcw hni-Zmw-i-§Ä tXmX-\p-k-cn v AS-bm-f-s -Sp-t -WvS-Xv.

? ? ? Pem-i-b-§Ä (Ipfw / Nnd, ImbÂ, \Zn, tXmSv, Pe-kw- -c-Wn) þ \oe-\n-dw. Pem-i-b- nsât]cpw `q]-S-¯nÂ tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯-Ww.

? ? ? h\-§Ä þ ] -\ndw

? ? ? Imhp-IÄ þ ] -\n-dw, (K) F¶ AS-bmfw. Imhnsâ t]cpw tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯Ww

? ? ? IWvSÂ¡m-Sp-IÄ þ ] -\n-d- nÂ lm¨nwKv

? ? ? ]mcn-Øn-Xn-I-ambn {]m[m-\y-apÅ aäp-Åh (\ÂIp¶ \ndw kqN-I- nÂ ImWn-¡-Ww)

2. Pem-i-b-§sf kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw NphsS ImWn-¨n-cn-¡p¶ hni-Zmw-i-§Ä tcJ-s¸-Sp¯n `q]-S-t¯m-sSm¸w kaÀ¸n-¡-Ww.

3. kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½n-än-bp-sSbpw {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän sk{I-«-dn-bp-sSbpw ]cn-tim-[-\bv¡pw AwKo-Im-c- n\pw tijw q]-Shpw hni-Zmw-i-§fpw PnÃm Su¬ ¹m\À¡v kaÀ¸n-t¡WvS-XmWv.

Pem-i-b-¯nsâ t]cv

shÅ-¯nsâ e`yX (F-Ãm-¡m-e¯pw / EXp-t`-Z-a-\p-k-cn-¨v)

shÅ-¯nsâ Ct¸m-gs¯ D]-tbmKw (IpSn-¡m³,

Pe-tk-N-\-¯n-\v XpS-§n-bh)/ D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶nÃ

shÅ-¯nsâ KpW-\n-e-hmcw

(a-en\w / ip²w)

dnamÀIvkv (ap³Im-es¯¡mÄ hnkvXrXn (hoXn) Npcp§n /

Npcp-§n-bn-«nÃ)

109


A\p_Ôw IV B

ss]XrI kÀth(JWvUnI 4.4.1, Npa-Xe 4 ImWpI)

\nÀh-N-\-§Ä

ss]XrI \nÀ½n-Xn-IÄ þ Ncn{X{]m[m\yw, kuµ-cy-aq-eyw, inev]- w-Kn, kmwkv¡m-cnI khn-ti-jXF¶n-h-bnÂ GsX-¦n-eptam FÃmw sImWvSptam k¼-¶-amb sI«n-S-§Ä, aäp a\pjy \nÀ½nXhkvXp-¡Ä, ]hn-{X-amb Nnd-IÄ, ]c-¼-cm-K-X-amb Ipf-§Ä, aäp \nÀ½n-Xn-IÄ, Ch-bpsSsbms¡Ah-in-jvS-§Ä F¶n-h-sb-Ãmw. Ncn-{X-{]m-[m-\y-apÅ sImSn-a-c-§Ä, aXn-ep-IÄ, kvamc-I-§Ä,ivaim-\-§Ä, kv{Soäv ^ÀWn-¨À, skan-t¯-cn, inem-^-e-Iw, hnf¡p ac-§Ä F¶n-hbpwCh-bnÂs]-Spw. F¶mÂ Ch am{X-ambn ]cn-an-X-s -Sp-¶p-an-Ã.

ss]XrI ]cn-k-c-§Äþ Ncn{X {]m[m-\yw, kuµ-cy-aq-eyw, inev]-`w-Kn, kmwkvIm-cnI khn-ti-jXF¶n-h-bnÂ GsX-¦n-ep-tam FÃmw sImtWvSm k¼-¶-amb ]cn-k-c-§Ä.

{]Jym-]nX sI«n-S-§Äþ tISp-h-cmsX kq£n-¡p-I-tbm, ]p\-cp-²-cn-¡p-I-tbm, kwc-£n-¡p-I-tbm,AsÃ-¦nÂ Ch-sbÃmw sN¿p-Itbm thW-sa¶v \njvIÀjn-¨v, t]cv DÄs¸-Sp¯n {]Jym-]\w\S- nb ss]XrI sI«n-S-§Ä

{]Jym-]nX ]cn-k-c-§Ä þ tISp-h-cmsX kq£n-¡p-I-tbm, ]p\-cp-²-cn-¡p-Itbm, kwc-£n-¡p-I-tbm,AsÃ-¦nÂ Ch-sbÃmw sN¿p-Itbm thW-sa¶v \njvIÀjn-¨v, t]cv DÄs¸-Sp¯n {]Jym-]\w\S-¯nb ss]XrI ]cn-k-c-§Ä

kwc-£Ww þ ss]XrI \nÀ½n-Xn-IÄ, ss]XrI ]cn-k-c-§Ä, ss\kÀKnI ss]Xr-I-§Ä F¶n-h-sbms¡t\m¡n \S-¯p-¶-Xn-\pÅ FÃm \S-]-Sn-I-fpw. Ah-bpsS Ncn-{X-{]-m[m-\yhpw, kuµcy aqey-hpw,inev]- w-Kn-bpw, kmwkvIm-cnI khn-ti-j-X-bp-sams¡ \ne-\n-dp- m³ kml-N-cy-§Ä¡-\p-k-cn vtISp-h-cmsX kq£n-¡p-Itbm ]p\-cp-²-cn-¡p-Itbm sN¿p-¶-Xv. ss\kÀKnI ss]Xr-I-§sfkw_-Ôn- n-S-t¯mfw AXnsâ ]cn-ØnXnbpamtbm, ]cn-k-cs¯ Bkv]-Z-am-¡n-bpÅ Pohimkv{X]T-\-hp-amtbm _Ô-s -Sp¶ coXn-bnÂ kwc-£-W- nsâ \nÀh-N\w Iptd-¡qSn hym]vXn ssIh-cn-¡pw.

tISp-h-cmsX kq£n-¡Â þ ss]XrI sI«n-S- n-sâ-tbm, ss]XrI ]cn-k-c- n-sâ-tbm, ss\kÀKnIss]Xr-I- n-sâ-tbm, Ch-bp-sS-sb-Ãmtam \ne-hnse Ah-Ø-bnÂ XpSÀ¶pw \ne-\nÂ¡- -¡ -hn-[-¯nepw, ]X-\tam XIÀ¨tbm XS-bp¶ hn[- nepw Ch-bpsS N«-¡qSv \ne-\n-dp- p¶ {]{In-b-I-sf-Ãmw.

]qÀh-ØnXn hosWvS-Sp-¡Â þap¼v Adn-b-s¸-«n-cp¶ ØnXn ]p\:krjvSn-¡m-\m-bn, Iq«n-t¨À¡-ep-IÄ\o¡w sNbvXpw, \ne-hnse LS-I-§Ä hoWvSpw hne-bn-cp- nbpw, ss]XrI sI«n-S- nsâtbm,ss]XrI ]cn-k-c-¯n-sâ-tbm, ss\kÀKnI ss]Xr-I-¯n-sâ-tbm, Ah-bpsS FÃm-än-sâ-bptam\ne-hnse N«-¡qSv ]p\À\nÀ½n-¡p¶ FÃm {]{In-b-I-fpw. N«-¡q-Sn-te¡v ]pXn-btXm ]g-btXmBb km[\ kma-{Kn-IÄ DÄs -Sp- p-¶-Xn-eqsS CXp \nÀh-ln-¡-Ww.

110

ss]XrI \nÀ½n-XnIfpsSbpw ]cn -k-c-§-fp-sSbpw {]mY-anI t{KUnw-Kn-\pÅ amÀK-tcJ

]g¡w inev]- `wKn ]pcm-hkvXp (kwc-£nXw)

Ncn{X {]m[m\yw

kmaqly/kmwkvIm-cnI {]m[m\yw

(40 hsc) (15 hsc) (10 hsc) (20 hsc) (15 hsc)

ss]XrI \nÀ½nXn/ ]cn-kcw Xmsg ]d-bp¶hsb Bkv]-Z-am¡n ss]Xr-I-aqeyw

BsI ss]XrI aqeyw (100 hsc)

ss]XrI t{KUv (I, II, III)tImUv

\¼À t]cv


ine

v]-w

Kn :

? D

¶X

ine

v]-N

m-Xp-c

yw, i

nev]

-w-Kn,

Ch

h

ni-Z-a

m-¡p¶

]W

n-IÄ

? H

cp {]

tXyI

Ime

-L-«-

n-sâ

tbm

k

aq-l

-n-s

â-tb

m, A

h c

ns

â-b

ptam

k

hn-ti

-j-X

-IÄ

{]I

-S-am-¡

p¶ L

S\? H

cp {]

tXyI

{]tZ

-i-t¯

m, {]

tXyI

I

met¯

m D]

-tbm-K

n-n-c

p¶ X

Sn, I

Ãv,

s

N¦

Ãv X

pS-§

nb k

m[\

kma

-{Kn-I

Ä F

¶n-h

sb B

{i-b

n-mW

v ss]

Xr-I

-aqeyw

Ncn

{X {]

m[m\

yw :

A´

mcmj

v{S/t

Ziob

AwK

o-Imc

w 2

0

kwØ

m\/d

oPn-b

-WÂ

AwK

o-Imc

w 15

PnÃ

m X

e A

wKo-I

mcw

10

{]mt

Z-inI

Xme

v]cy

w 5

]g¡

w :

sI

«n-S-¯

nsâ

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w ss

]X

rI a

qeyw

200

hÀj

tam

Gsd

tbm

40

150þ

199

hÀj

w 3

5

100þ

149

hÀj

w 30

0þ

100

hÀj

w 0

apX

Â 3

0 h

sc B

\p-]

m-XnI

aqe

yw

Ipd

n¸v : \

nÀ½

n-Xnt

bm

]cn

-k-c

tam

BÀ¡

n-tb

m-f-P

n-¡Â

kÀt

h H

m^v

C´

ytb

m k

wØm\

BÀ¡

n-tb

m-fP

nh

Ipt

¸m

kwc

-£n-¡

p¶X

msW

-¦nÂ

t{KU

v I B

bn I

W-¡

m¡mw

t{K

Uv :

BsI

ss]

XrI

aqe

yw ss

]X

rIt{

KU

v

75

Dw A

Xn-\

p-ap-I

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pw

t{K

Uv I

50-

þ 74

t{KU

v II

50

þÂ X

msg

t{KU

v III

111

kma

qly/

kmw

kv¡

m-cnI

{]m[

m\yw

: A

´mc

mjv{S

/tZi

ob A

wKo-I

mcw

2

0

kwØ

m\/d

oPn-b

-WÂ

(DZm

:Xn-cp

-hn-X

mw-I

qÀ) A

wKo-I

mcw 15

PnÃ

m X

e A

wKo-I

mcw

10

{]mt

Z-inI

Xme

v]cy

w 5

Imä-Kdn (#)

d^-d³kv \¼À ..............

Øe-¯nsâ hnX-cWw:

]n³tImUv:

]g¡w

inev]-`wKn

Ncn-{X-{]m-[m\yw

kmaqly/ kmwkv¡m-cnI {]m[m\yw

tI{µ kÀ¡mcnsâ kwc£nX kvamcIw

kwØm\ kÀ¡mcnsâ kwc£nX kvamcIwBsI ss]XrI aqeywss]XrI t{KUv

ss]XrI-I-aqeyw hyà-am-¡p¶ IqSp-XÂ {]Xn-_nw-_-§Ä

ss]XrI aqeyw hyà-am-¡p¶ IqSp-XÂ Nn{X-§Ä

# {]Jym-]nX \nÀ½nXntbm {]Jym-]nX {]tZitam BsW-¦nÂ B hnhcw tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯pI

hnhc tiJ-cWw \S-¯nb XobXn :.............................

inev]-Nm-Xpcyw kw_-Ôn¨ hnh-c-§Ä:

kmaq-lytam kmwkvIm-cn-Itam Bb _Ôw:

BZyw {]-Jym-]n-¨Xv F¶v .........A\p-aXn e`n¨Xv F¶v .........kÀ¡mÀ D -chv GXv .........

Ncn{X]c-amb _Ôw:

eLp hnh-cWw:

XpS-¡- nÂ: (......... F.-Un.)....................

Ct¸mÄ: (.......... F.-Un.) ..........................

A[nI hnh-c-§Ä

DS-a-ØX:

D]-tbmKw:

kÀth \¼À, hntÃPv

Xt±i kzbw- -cW Øm]\w: Xmeq¡v: PnÃ:

\nÀ½nXn-bpsS/ ]cn-k-c-¯nsâ t]cv

(Nn{Xw tNÀ¡pI)

ss]Xr-I-aqeyw (tNÀ¯n«pÅ ]-«nI ImWp-I)

kwc-£nX kvamc-I-am-sW¦nÂ


A\p_Ôw V

F©n\obdnwKv s{Sbn-\n-bpsS tPmen-bpsS L«-§fpw{]Xn-^-e hnX-cW coXnbpw

(JWvUnI 4.3.5 ImWpI)

I. hn-hc tiJ-c-Whpw kam-l-c-Whpw AÀl-amb {]Xn-êw (BsIXpI-bpsS iX-am\w)

1) kmaq-ly-þ-km-¼- nI kÀth ]qÀ¯o-I-cn¨v hnh-c-§Äkn.Un bnem¡n kaÀ¸n-¡p-t¼mÄ (Np-a-Xe 1, Npa-X-e 9, -Npa-X-e 10) 9

2) ^mdw 8 Â ZznXob hnhc tiJ-cWw \S¯nAXv Su¬ ¹m\nwKv Hmô-knÂ kaÀ¸n-¡pt¼mÄ (Np-a-Xe 5) 9

3) {]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e-\- n-\mbn ZznXobhnhc tiJ-c-Whpw kam-l-c-Whpw ]qÀ¯o-I-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ(Np-a-Xe 6, Npa-Xe 11-þ15) 3

4) `qhn-\n-tbmK kÀth, {Sm^nIv-þ{Sm³kvt]mÀt«-j³hnhc tiJ-c-Ww, ]cn-ØnXnþss]-XrI kÀthþSu¬ ¹m\nwKv Hmô-knÂ ^md-§Ä kaÀ¸n-¡pt¼mÄ(Np-a-Xe 2, 3, 4, 7, 8) 25

II. hn-iI-e\w

1) {]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e-\w ]qÀ¯o-I-cn¨v IcSv dnt¸mÀ«vkaÀ¸n-¡p-t¼mÄ (Np-a-Xe 19-þ27) 16

2) {Kma k`m NÀ¨, tÌ¡v tlmÄUÀam-cp-am-bpÅ NÀ¨bpsShnh-c-§Ä kam-l-cn¨ tijw (Np-a-Xe 38, 39, 40) 10

3) {]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e\w Ańa dnt¸mÀ«v kaÀ¸n- tijw

(Npa-Xe 41) 4

III. cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡Â

1) Bkq-{XW k¦ev]w Bhn-jv¡-cn-¡en\p tijw({]-k-à-amb hnhc tiJ-cWw DÄs¸-sS) 15

2) Ańa dnt¸mÀ«v {]nânw-Kn\p tijw 9

BsI 100

113

A\p_Ôw VI

F©n\obdnwKv s{Sbn-\n-IÄ¡pÅ amXrIm At]£m ^mdw (JWvUnI 4.3.5 ImWpI)

kXy-{]-kvXm-h\ apI-fnÂ tcJ-s -Sp- nb hnh-c-§Ä Fsâ D¯a hnizm-k- nepw Adn-hnepw kXy-am-sW-¶pw, {Kma ]©m-b- p-ambn / ap\n-kn-¸m-en-än-bp-ambn /tImÀ -td-j-\p-ambn Icm-dnÂ GÀs¸Sp-¶-Xn\p X¿m-dm-sW-¶pw, Icm-dnse hyh-Ø-IÄ ]men-¡p-¶-Xn\p k½-X-am-sW¶pw .......................................................................... sâ aI³/ aIÄ/ `mcy Bb ............................................................ ............................................. F¶ Rm³ kXy{]kvXm-h\ sNbvXp-sIm-Åp-¶p.

Øew : XobXn : At]-£-Isâ t]cpw H¸pw PnÃm Su¬ ¹m\À/sk{I-«dn {Kma ]©m-b v /ap\n-kn-¸m-enän/ tImÀ -td-j³


A\p_Ôw VII

kÀth-bÀ s{Sbn-\n-IÄ¡pÅ amXrIm At]£m ^mdw(JWvUnI 4.3.6 ImWpI)

kXy-{]-kvXm-h\apI-fnÂ tcJ-s -Sp- nb hnh-c-§Ä Fsâ D¯a hnizm-k- nepw Adn-hnepw kXy-am-sW-¶pw,

kÀth tPmen-I-fp -ambn _Ô-s¸« hyh-Ø-IÄ ]men-¡p-¶-Xn\p k½-X-am-sW¶pw......................................................... ................. sâ aI³/ aIÄ/ mcy Bb ........................ ....................................F¶ Rm³ kXy{]kvXm-h\ sNbvXp-sIm-Åp-¶p.

Øew :XobXn : At]-£-Isâ t]cpw H¸pw

PnÃm Su¬ ¹m\À/sk{I-«dn{Kma ]©m-b v /ap\n-kn- m-enän/ tImÀ -td-j³

115

1 At]-£-Isâ t]cv2 I¯n-S-]m-Sp-IÄ¡pÅ taÂhn-emkw 3 hbkv4 ]pcp-jt\m kv{Xotbm5 ]nXm-hnsâ /`À¯m-hnsâ t]cv

6 hnZym-`ymk tbmKyX (_-Ô-s¸« tcJ-I-fpsS ]IÀ¸v DÅ-S¡w sN¿pI)

7 I¼yq-«À kw_-Ô-amb Ignhv (_-Ô-s¸« tcJ-I-fpsS ]IÀ¸v DÅ-S¡w sN¿pI)

8Xma-kn¨psIm-n-cn-¡p¶ {Kma ]©m-b- nsâ / ap\n-kn-¸m-en-än-bpsS / tImÀ¸-td-jsâ t]cpw hmÀUnsâ t]cpw

9 Xm-sg-]-d-bp-¶-h-bnÂ ]cn-Nbw Dtm? (D-s-¦nÂ, hni-Z-hn-h-c-§Ä \ÂIp-I)(F) k¶² {]hÀ¯\w

(_n) `qhn-\n-tbmK `q]Sw X¿m-dm-¡Â/ kmaq-ly-þ- km-¼- nI kÀth/ atä-sX¦nepw hnhc tiJ-cWw

(kn) \oÀ¯Sm[n-jvTnX hnI-k-\-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« hÀ¡nwKv {Kq¸p-I-fnse {]hÀ¯\w

(Un) hntI-{µo-Ir-Xm-kq-{XW {]hÀ¯\§Ä

(C) atä-sX¦nepw ]cn-Nbw10 atä-sX¦nepw hnh-c-§Ä

kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tc-Jbpw {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-Ifpw X¿m-dm-¡Â

kÀth-bÀ s{Sbn\n XkvXn-I-bv¡pÅ At]£

A\p_Ôw VIII

{]mtZ-inIXe ZznXob hnhc tiJ-c-W-¯n-\pÅ sN¡v enÌv(JWvUnI 4.4.2, Npa-Xe 5 ImWpI)


116

hmÀUv \¼À ImÀjn-tIm-ev]¶wþC\w

{]Xn-hÀjw Dev]m-Z\w (bq-Wnäv

kqNn- n-¡p-I)

hmÀUv \¼ÀhmÀUnsâ

t]cv/ Øe-t¸cv

ImÀjn-tIm-ev]¶wþ- C\w

Irjn sN¿p¶ Øe-¯nsâ hnkvXoÀ®w

(bq-Wnäv kqNn-¸n-¡p-I)

Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\

{]tZis¯ tImgn hfÀ¯Â

tI{µ¯nsâ t]cv

{]Xn-amk Dev]-]m-Z-\-

¯nsâ Afhv (bq-Wnäv

kqNn-¸n-¡p-I)

Iim¸p ime-I-fpsS F®w

{]Xn-amk Dev]-]m-Z-\-

¯nsâ Afhv (bq-Wnäv

kqNn- n-¡p-I)

tImgn-h-fÀ¯Â tI{µ§Ä Iim¸p ime-IÄ

Dd-hnSw :

]«nI 1.2 Irjn-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸« `qhn-\n-tbmKw

Dd-hnSw :

hmÀUv \¼ÀhmÀUnsâ

t]cv/ Øe-t¸cv

Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-¯nsâ hnkvXoÀ®-¯nsâ iX-

am\w

Dd-hnSw :

]«nI 2.1 amwtkm-ev]m-Z-\-¯nsâ hni-Zmw-i-§Ä

II. arKkw-c-£Ww , £oc hnI-k\w

F) amwtkm-ev]m-Z\w

hmÀUnsâ t]cv/ Øe-t¸cv

F©n-\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn-\n-bpsS t]cpw H¸pw ...................................................................................

I. ImÀjnI taJe

Xt±i -kzbw -cW Øm]-\- nsâ t]cv ...................................................................................

]«nI 1.1 ImÀjntImev]m-Z\w þ hmÀUv Xncn¨v

hmÀUv \¼À

hmÀUnsâ t]cv/ Øe-

t¸cv

Ubdn ^mansâ

t]cv

]ip-¡fpsS F®w

hmÀUv \¼À


t¸cvF®w

hmÀUv \¼À


t¸cv

tImgn hfÀ¯Â

tI{µ¯nsâ t]cv

]nSt¡mgn-I-fpsS F®w

Xm-dmhp-I-fpsS F®w

{]Xn-amkw Dev]m-Zn- n-¡p¶ ap«I-

fpsS F®w

Cd¨nt¡mgnI-fpsS F®w

_n) ]mep-ev]m-Z\w]«nI 2.2 Ubdn ^map-I-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä

]mensâ {]Xn-Zn\ icm-icn Dev]m-Z\w (bq-Wnäv kqNn- n-¡p-I)

kn) tImgn-h-fÀ¯Â

Dd-hnSw : hÀjw :

tiJ-cn-¡p¶ ]mensâ {]Xn-amk icm-icn Afhv (en-äÀ)

Dd-hnSw : hÀjw :

]«nI 2.3 ]mÂ tiJ-cW tI{µ§-fpsS (£oc kl-I-cW kwL-§-fpsS) hni-Zmw-i-§Ä

Dd-hnSw : hÀjw :

kw`-cW hnX-cW tI{µ§Ä

£oc kl-I-cW kwL-§Ä

aäp tiJ-cW tI{µ§Ä

]«nI 2.4 tImgn hfÀ¯Â tI{µ§-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä


117

hmÀUv \¼À


t¸cv

hyh-km-b¯nsâ

t]cv

ImÀ

jnI

ASn-Ø

m\w

d_À

ASn-Ø

m\w

kna

âv A

Sn-Ø

m\w

¹mÌ

nIv A

Sn-Ø

m\w

h\

w A

Sn-Ø

m\w

arK-k

w-c-£

Ww

XpW

n

cmk

-hk

vXp

F©

n-\o-b

-dnwK

v

Ce

-Ivt{

Sm-W

nIvk

v

an\

-dÂ

sI«n

S \

nÀ½

mW

kma

{Kn

aäp-Å

h Dev]-¶-¯nsâ C\w

Dev]-¶-¯nsâ Afhv

(bqWnäv kqNn- n-¡p-I)

Dev]-¶-§-fpsS F®w

hmÀUv \¼À


t¸cv

hmÀUv \¼À

III. hyhkmb taJe

kn) \nÀ½mW hyh-kmbw

Dd-hnSw : hÀjw :

Dd-hnSw : hÀjw :

\nÀ½mWw \S-¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p¶ Øe-§-fpsS F®w\nÀ½mW sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS F®whmÀUnsâ t]cv/ Øe-t¸cv

]«nI 3.3 \nÀ½mW hyh-kmb¯nsâ hni-Zmw-i-§Ä

Dd-hnSw : hÀjw :

sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS F®w

_n) ]c-¼-cm-KX hyh-km-b-§fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä

F) ]c-¼-cm-KX hyh-km-b-§Ä Hgn-sI-bpÅ hyh-km-b-§-fpsS hmÀUpXncn-¨pÅ hni-Zmw-i-§Ä

]«nI 3.1 h³InS/CS- cw/sNdp-InS hyh-km-b-§-fpsS hmÀUv Xncn- pÅ hni-Zmw-i-§Ä

]«nI 3.2 ]c-¼-cm-KX hyh-km-b-§-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä

{][m-\-s¸« \nÀ½mW {]hÀ¯\§Ä \S¶p sImn-cn-¡p¶ hmÀUp-I-fpsS enÌv

Dev]-¶- nsâ Afhv (bq-Wnäv kqNn- n-¡p-

I)]c-¼-cm-KX hyh-kmb C\whyh-km-b¯nsâ t]cv


118

hmÀUv \¼À


hmÀUv \¼À


sFkv ¹mâp-I-fpsS F®w

t_m«vbmÀUpI-fpsS F®w

t_m«v dn -bÀ bqWnäpI-fpsS

F®w

aÕy _Ô\ he-I-fpsS \nÀ½mW bqWnäpI-fpsS

F®w

klmb {]hÀ¯\§-fnÂ GÀs -«n-«p-Å-h-

cpsS F®w

hmÀUv \¼À


hnt\mZ k©mc

tI{µ§Ä

ss]XrI tI{µ§Ä

{]IrXn kuµ-cy-apÅ aäp tI{µ§Ä

]«nI 4.1 aÕy_Ô\ taJ-e-bnse sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä

]«nI 4.2 aÕy§fpsS C\hpw atÕym-ev]m-Z-\hpw kw_-Ôn¨ hni-Zmw-i-§Ä

Dd-hnSw : hÀjw :

]«nI 4.3 klmb {]hÀ¯\§-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§ÄaÕy-_-Ô\ taJ-e-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸« klmb {]hÀ¯\§Ä

IV. aÕy-_-Ô\ taJe

aÕy-_-Ô\ taJ-e-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸« IpSpw-_-§-fpsS F®w

aÕy-_-Ô\ taJ-e-bnse sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS F®w

{][m\ C\w aÕyw

Dd-hnSw : hÀjw :

{]Xn-amk atÕymev]m-Z-\- nsâ Afhv (bq-Wnäv kqNn- n-¡p-I)

hmÀUv \¼À


Ipdn¸v : hnt\mZ k©mc tI{µ§Ä, ss]XrI ]cn-k-c-§fpw \nÀ½nXn-I-fpw, {]IrXn ca-Wo-b-amb Øe-§Ä F¶n-h-bpsS Øm\w ImWn-¡p¶ Xt±i kzbw `cW Øm]\ `q]Sw X¿m-dm-t¡--Xm-Wv.

Dd-hnSw : hÀjw :

V. ss]Xr-Ihpw hnt\m-Z-k-©m-chpw

]«nI 5.1 ]©m-b¯v {]tZ-is¯ hnt\mZ k©mc {]hÀ¯\w kw_-Ôn¨ hni-Zmw-i-§Ä{]Xn-hÀjw {]tZiw kµÀin-¡p¶

hnt\mZ k©m-cn-I-fpsS F®wC\w

Dd-hnSw : hÀjw :


119


120

Ifn-Øew

{KÙ-ime

I½yq-Wnän lmÄ

hmÀUv \¼À


2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

hmÀUv \¼À


* hmÀUv Xew Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\ Xew, doPn-b-\Â Xew

icm-icn IpSpw_ hcp-am\w{][m\ sXmgnÂ_n.-]n.-FÂ IpSpw-_-§-fpsS F®w

t]meokv tÌj-\nse tcJ-I-f-\p-k-cn¨v tIkp-I-fpsS F®w

2006

tIkpI-fpsS F®w

Dd-hnSw : hÀjw :

hmÀUv \¼À

Dd-hnSw : hÀjw :

2005200420032002


Dd-hnSw : hÀjw :

aäp-Åh (hy-à-am-¡p-I)

C\w

]mÀ¡v, Xpd-kmb Øew

]«nI 7.2 Bß-l-Xy-I-fpsS F®w


VII. kmaqlyt£aw

t]meokv tÌj-\nÂ dnt¸mÀ«v sNbvX {][m\ Ipä-IrXyw

Dd-hnSw : hÀjw :

_n) kmwkvIm-cnI hn{ia tIfo kuI-cy-§Ä

]«nI 6.1 Zmcn{Zy tcJbv¡p Xmsg-bpÅ (BPL) IpSpw-_-§-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä

VI. Zmcn{Zy \nÀ½mÀÖ\w

]«nI 7.1 Ipä-Ir-Xy§fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä

kuIcyw e`y-amb

Øm\hpw Øe-t¸cpw

{]tZ-i¯nsâ

hnkvXrXn *

Øe- nsâ/ \nÀ½nXn-bpsS hnkvXoÀWw

(bq-Wn-äv kqNn-¸n-¡p-I)

]«nI 5.2 kmwkvIm-cn-I-þ-hn-{ia tIfo kuI-cy-§-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä hmÀUv Xncn¨v

hmÀUv \¼À


121

hmÀUv \¼À


t¸cv

hmÀUv \¼À


t¸cv

InS¯n NnInÕ (IP) Dv/ CÃ

Hm¸-td-j³ Xntb-äÀ Dv/ CÃ

B[p-\nI tcmK

\nÀWb kuIcyw EEG/ CT

Scan apX-em-bh Dv /

CÃ

Axym-lnX hn`mKw Dv/

CÃ

tUmIvSÀam-cpsS F®w

InS-¡-I-fpsS F®w

hmÀUv \¼À

IpSn-shÅ t{kmX-Ênsâ

t]cvØm\w

Ipfw XSm-Iw \Zn IpgÂ¡n-WÀ Pe-kw- -cWn

]«nI 10.1 tIcf hm«À AtXm-dn-än-bpsS Pe-hn-X-cW kvIoap-I-fp-sSbpw kmaqly IpSn-shÅ ]²-Xn-I-fp-sSbpw hmÀUv Xncn- pÅ hni-Zmw-i-§Ä

kuI-cy-§Ä

X. IpSn-sh-Åw, ipNnXzwF) IpSn-shÅw

Dd-hnSw :

icm-icn IpSpw_ hcp-am\w

]«nI 8.1 ]«nIPmXn IpSpw_§-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä hmÀUv Xncn¨v

VIII. ]«n-I-PmXn, ]«n-I-hÀKw

DS-a-ØX (kÀ¡mÀ/kl-I-cW/kzIm-cy)

Bip-]-{Xn-bpsS t]cv

IX. BtcmKyw


t¸cv

hmÀUv \¼À

]«nI PmXn IpSpw-_-§-fpsS F®w {][m\ sXmgnÂ

Dd-hnSw :

]«nI 8.2 ]«nIhÀK IpSpw_§-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä

icm-icn IpSpw_ hcp-am\w{][m\ sXmgnÂ]«nIhÀK IpSpw-_-§-fpsS F®w

Dd-hnSw :

]«nI 9.1 BtcmKy Øm]-\-§-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä

* Ipfw, XSm-Iw, \Zn, IpgÂ¡n-WÀ, Xpd¶ InWÀ, Pe-kw- -cWn

Dd-hnSw :

hmÀUnsâ t]cv/ Øe-t¸cv IpSn-shÅ t{kmXÊv Xcw *


122

hmÀUv \¼À


Jc-am-en\yw tiJ-cn-¡p¶ Øm\-§-fpsS t]cv

tiJ-cn-¡p¶ ]Xnhv (Ime ssZÀLyw)

hmÀUv \¼À


hnZym- ymk Øm]-\-¯nsâ t]cv C\w *

tImgvkp-Ifpw hnZymÀ°n-I-fpsS

F®hpw

DS-a-ØX (kÀ¡mÀ/ kzImcy/kl-I-c-W)

tIm¬{Ioäv HmSv/Bkv_-tÌmkv joäv

Hme taªXv/ aäp-Åh

]«nI 12.1 Xma-k-apÅ hoSp-I-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä

XI. hnZym-`ymkw

Dd-hnSw : hÀjw :

taÂ¡qc \nÀ½mW¯n\p-]-tbm-Kn-¨n-«pÅ Akw-kvIrX hkvXp BsI hoSp-I-fpsS

F®whmÀUnsâ t]cv/

Øe-t¸cvhmÀUv \¼À

XII. ]Ým-¯e kuIcyw

Dd-hnSw : hÀjw :

Dd-hnSw : hÀjw :

F) `h\w

Jc-am-en\y tiJ-c-W-¯n-\p-]-tbm-Kn-¡p¶ hml-\-§-fpsS F®w: ({Kma ]©m-b-¯nÂ/ap\n-kn-¸m-en-än-bnÂ e`y-am-b-h)

Ipdn¸v: Jc-am-en-\y-§Ä h³tXm-XnÂ Dm-Ip-¶-Xpw, tiJ-cn-¡p-¶-Xpw, \nÀ½mÀÖ\w sN¿p¶Xp-amb Øe-§Ä AS-bm-f-s -Sp- nb `q]Sw

* BÀSvkvþ-k-b³kv tImtf-Pv, F©n-\o-b-dnwKv tImtf-Pv, saUn-¡Â tImtf-Pv, \gvknwKv tImtf-Pv, _n.-FUv tImtf-Pv, Sn.-Sn.-sF., UâÂ tImtf-Pv, sF.Sn.-sF./sF.Sn.-kn., t]mfn-sS-Iv\nIv, lbÀ sk¡-dn kvIqÄ, sslkv¡qÄ, bp.-]n.-kvIqÄ, FÂ.-]n.kv¡qÄ, InâÀ KmÀ«³, AwK³hmSn, Pq\n-bÀ sSIv\n-¡Â kvIqÄ, sht¡-j-WÂ lbÀ sk¡-dn kvIqÄ

_n) Jc-am-en\y \nÀ½mÀÖ\wJc-am-en\y§Ä iey-am-bn-«pÅ Ih-e-I-fpsS / {]tZ-i¯nsâ enÌv X¿m-dm-¡pI

Jc-am-en\y tiJ-c-W- nepw \nÀ½mÀÖ\¯nepw GÀs -«n-«pÅ sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS F®w:

]«nI 10.2 Jc-am-en\y tiJ-c-W- n-\pÅ kwhn-[m-\-§-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä

]«nI 11.1 hnZym- ymk Øm]-\-§-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä

amen\y \nÀ½mÀÖ\ Øm\-§Ä Øew, coXn


123

tIm¬{IoävHmSv/Bkv_-tÌmkv

joäv

Hme taªXv/ aäp-Åh

XSmIwØm\w

Dd-hnSw : hÀjw :

Un) Xma-kn-¡p¶ hoSnsâ LS-\m-]-c-amb ØnXn

Pem-i-b- nsâ t]cv

1) D]-cn-Xe t{kmX-Êp-IÄF) Pem-i-b-§ÄXIII. h\w, ]cn-ØnXn

hmÀUv \¼À


t¸cv

\ne-hnse D]-tbmKw, ØnXn

s]mXp Ipfws]mXp Nnd

IpSpw-_-¯nsâ icm-icn hcp-am\w

]«nI 13.1 Pem-i-b-§Ä, \ne-hnse D]-tbmKw

5. sXcphp hnf-¡nsâ A]-cym-]vXX

_n) P\-km-{µX

\qdp t]À¡v Hcp Sm¸v

30 aoäÀ CS-hn«v sXcphv hnf¡v

Hcp G¡-dnÂ 100 t]À

50 iXam\tam AXn-te-sdtbm tami-s¸-«Xv ( Katcha )

30 iX-am\-¯nÂ IqSp-XÂkn) ]«n-I-PmXn/]«n-I-hÀK P\-kwJy

Ipdn¸v: {]tZ-i¯nsâ ]nt¶m-¡m-h-Ø, ASn-Øm\ Bh-iy-§-fpsS A]-cym-]vXX F¶n-h-bpsS C\n ]d-bp¶ kqNn-I-Isf ASn-Øm-\-am-¡n-bmWv AXv tNcn {]tZ-iamtWm F¶p Xncn-¨-dn-bp-¶Xv

hmÀUv \¼À


t¸cv

taÂ¡qc \nÀ½mW¯n\p-]-tbm-Kn-¨n-«pÅ Akw-kvIrX hkvXp

BsI

Dd-hnSw : hÀjw :

2. Agp-¡p-Nm-ep-I-fpsS A]-cym-]vXX

1. I¡q-knsâ A]-cym-]vXX

3. tdmUp-am-bpÅ kmao-]y-an-Ãmbva

4. Pe-hn-X-c-W- nsâ A]-cym-]vXX

Ccp-]Xp t]À¡v Hcp I¡qkv

]«nI 12.2 tNcn-IÄ, aÕy-s¯m-gn-emfn tImf-\n-IÄ, ]«n-I-Pm-Xn-þ-]-«n-I-hÀK tImf-\n-IÄ XpS-§n-b-h-bpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä

]nt¶m-¡m-h-Ø-bpsS kqNnI

F) ASn-Øm\ kuI-cy-§-fpsS ]cym-]vXX

Bhiyw th kuI-cy-§-fpsS Npcp-§nb \ne-hmcw

P\-kwJy {][m\ sXmgnÂ

hmÀUv \¼À

h\w NXp¸v ]pÂtaSv Imhv IÂImSv Huj[ sNSn-IÄ

Pe-t{km-X-Êp-I-fpsS aen-\o-I-cWw

s\Â¸m-S-§Ä

\nI¯ÂshÅ-s¡«v

Poh-Pm-e-§-fpsS hwi-

\miw/£bw

{]IrXn Z -amb Pe

t{kmX-Êp-I-fpsS ]cn-hÀ¯\w

hmbp aen-\o-I-cWw

aäp-Åh (hy-à-am-¡p-I)

C\wØm\w dnamÀIvkv

2) D]-cn-Xe¯n\p Xmsg-bpÅ t{kmX-Êp-IÄ

]«nI 11.2 `qKÀ` Pe t{kmX-Êp-I-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä, hmÀUv Xncn¨v

hmÀUnsâ t]cv/ Øe-t¸cv BsI Dev]m-Z\w (bq-Wnäv kqNn- n-¡p-I)`qKÀ` Pew Duän-sb-Sp-¡m-\pÅ kuIcyw

Dd-hnSw : hÀjw :

Dd-hnSw : hÀjw :

]«nI 13.3 ssPh hn -h-§-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§ÄhmÀUnsâ

t]cv/ Øe-t¸cv

hnkvXrXn (G-¡À)

_n) ssPh hn`-h-§Ä

hmÀUv \¼À

h\w, NXp- v, ]pÂta-Sv, Imhv, IÂIm-Sv XpS-§n-bh kqNn- n-¡p¶ {Kma ]©m-b v/ap\n-kn- m-enän `q]Sw X¿m-dm-¡Ww

]«nI 13.4 ]cn-Øn-Xn-bpsS XIÀ - kw_-Ôn¨ hni-Zmw-i-§Ä

Dd-hnSw : hÀjw :

C\w

hmÀUv \¼À

hmÀUnsâ t]cv/

Øe-t¸cvØm\w dnamÀIvkv


124


125

XpI (cq] e£- nÂ)

Dev]m-Z\ taJe

]Ým-¯e taJe

tkh\ taJe BsI

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

XIV. km¼-¯nI hn`-h-§Ä

Dd-hnSw :

]«nI 14.1 Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\- nsâ hchp sNe-hp-I-fpsS kw£n]vXw

F) Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-¯nsâ Ignª 5 hÀjs¯ hchp sNehv IW-¡p-IÄ

hchv sNehv (cq] e£- nÂ)

hÀjw

t{kmXÊv

A\p_Ôw X

kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tc-Jbv¡p thWvSn-bpÅ taJem kw_-Ô-amb hnhc tiJcWwkw_-Ôn¨ sN¡v enÌv

(Ch k¼qÀW-a-Ã; kqN-\-IÄ am{X-am-Wv) (JWvUnI 7.2, Npa-Xe 16 ImWpI)

{Ia \w hnh-c- nsâ C\w Xew t{kmXkv Ime-b-fhv

1 Irjn

1 hnhn[ ImÀjnI hnf-I-fpsS hnkvXoÀWw, Dev]m-Z\w, Dev]m-Z\£aX {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Irjn-h-Ip¸v (Ir-jn-`-h³) Ignª 4 hÀjw

2 Irjn Øe-¯nsâ Aä hnk-XoÀWw {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Irjn-h-Ip¸v (Ir-jn-`-h³)

3H¶n-tesd {]mhiyw hn¯n-d-¡p-¶-Xnsâ hnkvXoÀWw (hn-cn- v, ap-I³, ]p©) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Irjn-h-Ip¸v (Ir-jn-`-h³)

4 Iqen \nc¡v {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Irjn-h-Ip¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

5 Irjn `qan-bpsS hen¸w {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Irjn-h-Ip¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

6hfw D]-tbmKw slIvS-dn\v þ cmk-hfw/ssPh hfw, IoS-\m-in\n D]-tbm-Kwþ tcmKw/ EXp/ hnf A\p-k-cn¨v

7IrjntaJ-e-bnse ]Ým-¯e kuI-cy-§Ä (b-{´-hÂ¡cWw kw_-Ôn¨ hni-Zmwi§Ä) Øew A\p-k-cn v Irjn-h-Ip¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

8ImÀjnI Øm]-\-§Ä þ Irjn `h³, hn¯p-^mw, hnev]-\-im-e, Kth-j-W-tI{µw, \gvkdn (kÀ¡mÀ/kzImcyw), FIvÌ³j³ Hm^okv

9 ]«p-\qÂ Irjn hni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän skdn-s^Uv Ignª 4 hÀjw

10 ]pjv]Irjn hni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Irjn-h-Ip¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

11 Dev]-¶-§-fpsS Ib-äp-aXn þ Cd-¡p-aXn hni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Irjn-h-Ip¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

12{Kq¸v ^manwKv / ]mS-tiJ-c- k-anXn hni-Zmw-i-§Ä (hn-kvXoÀWw, Dev]m-Z-\w, b{ -hÂ¡cWw apX-em-bh DÄs¸sS) Øew A\p-k-cn v Irjn-h-Ip¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

13hnhn[ ImÀjnI hnf-I-fpsS Dev]m-Z\¯nÂ PnÃ-bpsS ]¦v (C-Xc PnÃ-I-fp-ambn Xmc-aXyw sNbvXv) PnÃ Irjn-h-Ip¸v (^mw ssKUv) Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

14 {]mY-anI taJe þ Aä kwØm\ B`y-´-tcm-ev]m-Z\w kwØm\w / PnÃ C¡-tWm-anIv dnhyq Ignª 4 hÀjw

15 ImÀjnI taJe þ Aä kwØm\ B`y-´-tcm-ev]m-Z\w kwØm\w / PnÃ C¡-tWm-anIv dnhyq Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

16 hnf-Xn-cn-¨pÅ hcp-am\w PnÃ Irjn-h-Ip¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

17 icm-icn ^mw hne-bnse hyXn-bm\ iX-am\w kwØm\w C¡-tWm-anIv dnhyq Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

18sXmgn-ensâ ASn-Øm-\-¯n-epÅ Xcw-Xn-cnhv (IÀ-jIÀ, IÀjI sXmgn-em-fn-IÄ apX-em-b-h) PnÃ sk³kkv Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

19 sXmgnÂ {]h-WX (IÀj-IÀ+ IÀjI sXmgn-em-fn-IÄ) PnÃ sk³kkv Ignª 4 hÀjw

20 hn]-W-\- nsâ ØnXn PnÃ Irjn-h-Ip¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

21

_Ô-s¸« GP³kn-I-fpsS enÌvþ kwØm\/tZiob/ A´À tZio-b Xew, kÀ¡mtc-X-cw, kzbw-k-lmb kwLw, kzbw- -cW Øm]\w apX-em-bh

PnÃ Irjn-h-Ip¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

22\S-¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶Xpw Gsä-Sp- -Xp-amb t{]mP-IvSpI-fp-sSbpw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-sSbpw enÌv (I-h-tdPv kln-Xw) PnÃ Irjn-h-Ip¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

2 Pe-tk-N\w

1I\mÂ, en^vSv, InWÀ, Nnd XpS-§nb hnhn[ D]m-[n-I-f-\p-k-cn¨v \S-¯p¶ Pe-tk-N\w þ hnf-Xn-cn¨v {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Pe-tk-N\ hIp v /

Irjn hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

2Pe-tk-N\-\-¯nsâ t{kmXkv þ F®w, Dev]m-Z\w apX-em-bh {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Pe-tk-N\ hIp v /

Irjn hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

3h³In-S-þ-sN-dpInS Pe-tk-N\ kvIoap-IÄ A\p-k-cn¨v Pe-tk-N\w \S-¯p¶ {]tZ-i¯nsâ hnkvXoÀW- nsâ iX-am\w {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Pe-tk-N\ hIp v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

4 Pe-tk-N-\-¯n\p km[y-X-bpÅ aäp t{kmX-kp-I-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Pe-tk-N\ hIp v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

5Hmtcm Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-¯nepw krjvSn-¨n-«pÅ Pe-tk-N\ km[y-X-IÄ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Pe-tk-N\ hIp v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

6 Irjn hnkvXoÀWhpw Pe-tk-N\w \S- p¶ Aä hnkvXoÀWhpw kwØm\w Pe-tk-N\ hIp v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

7 Pe-tk-N\w þ ]c-am-h[n \S-¯m-hp-¶-Xpw, \ne-hnse km[y-Xbpw kwØm\w Pe-tk-N\ hIp v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

8 sNdp-InS Pe-tk-N-\-¯nsâ \ne-hn-epÅ ØnXn PnÃ Pe-tk-N\ hIp v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

9\S-¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶Xpw Gsä-Sp-¯-Xp-amb t{]mPIvSpIfpsSbpw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-sSbpw enÌv (I-h-tdPv kln-Xw) PnÃ Pe-tk-N\ hIp v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

3 \oÀ¯S hnI-k-\hpw a®p-kw-c-£-Whpw

1

\oÀ¯S¯nsâ hni-Zmw-i-§Ä (Øm-\w, hnkvXoÀWw, ^nkn-tbm-{Km^n sNcn-hv, BIr-Xn, Pntbm-f-Pn, Pe-\nÀK-a\ amÀKw, Pe hn`-h-§Ä, a®nsâ kz`mh hnti-jwþ a¬X-cn, Bgw, \oscm-gp-¡v, as®m-en v

\oÀ¯Sw Xncn¨v a®p kwc-£W hIp v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

2

a®nsâ kz`mh hnti-j-§Ä (F) ^nkn-tbm-{Km^nþ Xoc-{]-tZ-iw, CS-\m-Sv, DbÀ¶ {]tZ-iw, ae-{¼-tZiw (_n) a®nsâ kocokv (kn) a®nsâ Xcw þ F¡Â a®v, NcÂ, sN½®v, sN¦Ãv, ]md (Un) a®nsâ Bgw (C) sNcnhv (F- v)\oscm-gp¡v (Pn) as®m-en¸v (F- v) Pe-tk-N\w DÄs¡m-Åm\pÅ Ignhv (sF) a®nsâ ^e-`q-bn- jvTX (sP) A\p-tbmPy kz`mhw (sI) a®v-þ-P-e-e-`yX (FÂ) hnf-IÄ hf-cp-¶-Xn-\pÅ kml-Ncyw (Fw a®p kwc-£Ww þ ap³K-W\m `q]-S-§Ä

a®nsâ kocokv Xncn v a®p kÀth hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

3\ne-hn-ep-ÅXpw Gsä-Sp- -Xp-amb t{]mP-IvSpI-fp-sSbpw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-sSbpw enÌv (I-h-tdPv DÄs¸sS) PnÃ a®p kÀth hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

4 arK-kw-c-£-Ww, £oc-hn-I-k\w

1 I¶p-Im-en-I-fpsS F®w kwØm\w / PnÃ arK kwc-£W hIp¸v (I¶p-Imen sk³kkv)

Ignª 4 Zim_vZw 4 hÀjw

2 hfÀ¯p ]£nI-fpsS F®w kwØm\w / PnÃ arK kwc-£W hIp¸v Ignª 4 Zim_vZw 4 hÀjw

3 I¶p-Im-en-I-fpsS F®wþ \mSv³ C\-§fpw k¦c hÀKhpw {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän arK kwc-£W hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw4 I¶p-Im-en-I-fp-sSbpw hfÀ¯p ]£nI-fpsSbpw F®w {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän arK kwc-£W hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

5 Cd- n, tXmÂ, ap«, ]mÂ apX-em-b-h-bpsS Dev]m-Z\w kwØm\w / PnÃ arK kwc-£W hIp¸v Ignª 4 Zim_vZw 4 hÀjw

6 Cd- n, tXmÂ, ap«, ]mÂ apX-em-b-h-bpsS Dev]m-Z\w {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän arK kwc-£W hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw7 ]Ým-¯e kuI-cy-§Ä Øew A\p-k-cn v arK kwc-£W hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

8 Xoä-¸pÂ Irjn-bpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän £oc hnI-k\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv9 Xoä Dev]m-Z-\w, hnX-cWw hni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän £oc hnI-k\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

10 N -IÄ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän arK kwc-£W hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

11]mÂ, Cd-¨n, ap« XpS-§nb {][m\ Dev]-¶-§-fpsS hn]-W\ kuI-cy-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän arK kwc-£W hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

12 Ubdn ¹mâp-IÄ, NnÃnwKv ¹mâp-IÄ, £oc kwL-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän £oc hnI-k\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv13 {]P-\\ tI{µ§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän arK kwc-£W hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

14 arKm-ip-]-{Xn-IÄ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän arK kwc-£W hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

15 arK NnIn-Õ-bv¡pÅ Unkvs]³k-dn-IÄ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän arK kwc-£W hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

16]cn-io-e\ tI{µ§Ä, Ubdn ^map-IÄ, _tbm-Kymkv ¹mâp-IÄ apX-em-bh {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän £oc hnI-k\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

17artKm-ev]-¶-§Ä Akw-k-vIrX hkvXphm¡n-bpÅ aqey hÀ[nX hyh-kmb kuI-cy-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän arK kwc-£W hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

18 ]IÀ¨ hym[n-IÄ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän arK kwc-£W hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

19 hmIvkn-t\-j³ hnh-c-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän arK kwc-£W hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

20 ]mÂ, ap«, Cd- n apX-em-b-h-bpsS D]-t`mKw {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän arK kwc-£W hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

21kqIvjva Xe-¯nse hmbv]m kuI-cy-§Ä (_m¦p hmbv]m hnh-c-§Ä hÀjw Xncn- v) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän arK kwc-£W hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

22 I¶p-Im-en-IÄ / {][m\ Dev]-¶-§Äþ Ib-äp-a-Xnbpw Cd-¡p-a-Xnbpw kwØm\w / PnÃ Ignª 4 Zim_vZw 4 hÀjw

23 I¶p-Im-en-IÄ / {][m\ Dev]-¶-§Äþ Ib-äp-a-Xnbpw Cd-¡p-a-Xnbpw {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Ignª 4 hÀjw

24 AwKo-Im-c-ap-ÅXpw CÃm- -Xp-amb Iim- p-im-e-I-fpsS hnh-c-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän arK kwc-£W hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

25_Ô-s¸« GP³kn-I-fpsS enÌvþ kwØm\w/ tZiobw/ A´ÀtZ-io-bw, kÀ¡mtc-Xc kwL-S-\-IÄ PnÃ arK kwc-£W hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

26\S-¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶tXm Gsä-Sp-¯tXm Bb t{]mP-IvSpI-fpsSbpw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-sSbpw enÌv (I-h-tdPv kln-Xw) PnÃ arK kwc-£W hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

5 aÕy-_-Ô\w1 Pe-hn- -h-§Ä

a kap-{Z-ta-J-e-bpsS hnkvXoÀWw kwØm\w / PnÃ aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

b kap-{Z-ta-J-e-bpsS hoXn, \ofw,- Bgw PnÃ aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

c

DÄ\m-S³ Pe hn`-h-§Ä (F-®-hpw, hnkvXoÀW-hpw)þ ]©m-b¯v Ipfw, Bcm-[-\m-e-b-§-fpsS Ipf-§Ä, kzImcy Ipf-§Ä, s]mXp Pem-i-b-§Ä, IÃp-sh-«p-Ip-gn-IÄ, aÕy-Irjn ]mStiJc§Ä apX-em-bh

PnÃ aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

d

aÕy /sN½o³ Irjn¡v D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶h (F®w, hnkvXoÀWw)þ ]©m-b¯v Ipfw, A¼e/]Ån Ipf-§Ä, kzImcy Ipf-§Ä, s]mXp Pem-i-b-§Ä, IÃp-sh«p Ipgn-IÄ, aÕy Irjn ]mS-tiJ-c-§Ä apX-em-bh

PnÃ/ {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

2 aÕyw

a kap{Z atÕym-ev]m-Z\w kwØm\w / PnÃ aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

b kap{Z atÕym-ev]m-Z\w {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

c C\w Xncn-¨pÅ kap{Z atÕym-ev]m-Z\w kwØm\w / PnÃ aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

3 aÕy sXmgn-em-fn-IÄ

a aÕy-sXm-gn-emfn (k-ap{Z taJ-e) IfpsS P\-kwJy kwØm\w/ PnÃ/ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

b aÕy-sXm-gn-emfn tImf-\n-I-fpsS F®w {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

cemânwKv skâdp-I-fnÂ aäp tPmen-I-fnÂ GÀs¸-Sp¶ tPmen-¡m-cpsS F®w {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

d I¨-h-S-¡m-cpsS F®w {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

e aÕy hnev]-\-¡m-cpsS F®w (ssk-¡nÄ, Xe- p-a-Sv) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

f DÄ\m-S³ aÕy sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS P\-kwJy {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

4 ]Ým-¯e kuI-cy-§Ä

a emânwKv skâÀ (]-c-¼-cm-K-Xhpw ]cn-jv¡-cn-¨-Xpw) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXvb lmÀ_À {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXvc t]mÀ«v {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXvd t_m«v _nÂUnwKvbmÀUv (F-®w, sXmgn-em-fn-IÄ) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

e t_m«v dn¸-bÀ bmÀUv {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

f aÕy kwkv¡-cW bmÀUv (F-®w, hnkvXoÀWw) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

g aÕyw DW-¡p¶ bmÀUv (F-®w, hnkvXoÀWw) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

h {Im^vSv KnbÀ tÌmÀ (F-®w) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

i tamt«mÀ LSn- n¨ aÕy-_-Ô\ hÅ§Ä (F-®w) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

j b{´-hÂIrX aÕy-_-Ô\ hÅ§Ä (F-®w) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

k b{ -hÂIr-X-a-Ãm¯ hÅ§Ä (F-®w) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

l aÕy-_-Ô-\-¯n-\pÅ Øncw D]m-[n-IÄ (F-®w) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

m as®-®, s]t{SmÄ, UokÂ _¦p-IÄ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

n N -IÄ (F-®w) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

o sFkv ¹mâp-IÄ (F-®w, sXmgn-em-fn-IÄ) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

p ]oenwKv sjUp-IÄ (F-®w) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

q {^oknwKv bqWn-äp-IÄ (F-®w) {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXvr IQF¹mâp-IÄ (F-®w, sXmgn-em-fn-IÄ) {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

s tee lmfp-IÄ (F-®w) {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXvt Xoc tdmUp-IÄ (ssZÀLyw In.-ao) {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv5 aÕy ^map-IÄ

a kzImcy ip²-Pe aÕy ^mw (F-®w, hnkvXoÀWw) {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXvb kzImcy Hmcp-Pe sN½o³ ^mw (F-®w, hnkvXoÀWw) {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXvc Nn¸n hfÀ¯p ^mw (F-®w, hnkvXoÀWw) {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

d I¡ hfÀ¯p ^mw (F-®w, hnkvXoÀWw) {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXve Rp hfÀ¯p ^mw (F-®w, hnkvXoÀWw) {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXvf kÀ¡mÀ /s]mXp taJem ^mw (F-®w, hnkvXoÀWw) {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXvg kl-I-cW ^mw (F-®w, hnkvXoÀWw) {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXvh kwtbm-PnX ^mw (F-®w, hnkvXoÀWw) {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv6 lm¨dna hn¯p-ev]m-Z\ tI{µw (F-®w) {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

7 Ib-äp-aXna Ib-äp-a-Xn-bpsS tXmXv (S-®nÂ) kwØm\w / PnÃ aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjwb Ib-äp-aXn aqeyw (tIm-Sn-bnÂ) kwØm\w / PnÃ aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

c Ib-äp-aXn bqWnäv (F-®w) {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv8 khn-tij hkvXp-X-IÄ

a AIzm IÄNÀ/Ae-¦mc aÕy-Irjn bqWnäv, Nntäm-km³ ^mIvSdn apX-em-bh (F-®w) {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

9 aen-\o-I-cWwa `oj-Wn-bpÅ bqWn-äp-I-fpsS F®w (Pe aen-\o-I-c-Ww) {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

blmÀ_-dnepw aäpw Ah-in-jvS-§Ä \o¡w sN¿m³ \ne-hn-epÅ kwhn-[m\w PnÃ aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

c AXym-lnX km[y-X-bpÅ {]tZ-i§Ä {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

d aÕy-§Ä¡p lm\n-I-c-amb IoS-\m-in-\n-I-fpw aäp LS-I-§fpw PnÃ aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXve KpW \nb-{´W Imcy-§Ä PnÃ aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

10 tijn

a kap{Z aÕy- hn -h-§-fpsS FÌn-taäv Bgw A\p-k-cn¨v {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

b

aÕyw, sN½o³ F¶n-h-bpsS Irjn-¡mbn D]-tbm-Kn-¡m-hp¶ DÄ\m-S³ Pe hn`-h-§-fpsS km[y-Xþ ]©m-b¯v Ipf-§Ä, kzImcy Ipf-§Ä, s]mXp Pem-i-b-§Ä, IÃp-sh«p-Ipgn apX-em-bh

{Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

11

_Ô-s¸« GP³kn-IÄþkwØm\/tZiob/A´ÀtZ-io-b, kÀ¡mtc-Xc kwL-S-\-IÄ, kzbw klmb {Kq¸p-IÄ, kzbw-`-cW Øm]-\-§Ä apX-em-bh

PnÃ aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

12\S¶p sImn-cn-¡p-¶Xpw Gsä-Sp-¯-Xp-amb t{]Mp-IvSpIfpsSbpw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-sSbpw enÌv (I-h-tdPv DÄs¸sS) PnÃ aÕy-_-Ô\ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

6 hyh-km-bw, kl-I-c-Ww, hym]mcw & hmWnPywhyh-km-b-§-fpsS BsI F®w kwØm\w / PnÃ PnÃm hyh-kmb tI{µw Ignª 4 hÀjw

1 sNdp-InS hyh-kmb bqWn-äp-IÄ

a

F®w Xcw-Xn-cn¨vþIrjn, `£yw, d_À, knaâv, ¹mÌn-Iv, h\w, arK-kw-c-£-Ww, sSIvssÌÂ, sIan-¡Â F©n-\o-b-dnw-Kv, Ce-Ivt{Sm-WnIvkv, an\-dÂ, sI«nS \nÀ½mW kma-{Kn-IÄ, CjvSn-I, HmSv, aÕy-_-Ô-\w, hnhc kmt¦-XnI hnZy, aäp-Å

{Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän PnÃm hyh-kmb tI{µw Ignª 4 hÀjw

b sXmgn-em-fn-IÄ (X-cw-Xn-cn-¨v) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän PnÃm hyh-kmb tI{µw Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

c \nt£]w (X-cw-Xn-cn-¨v) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän PnÃm hyh-kmb tI{µw Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

2 h³In-S-þ-C-S- cw

a Øew Øew A\p-k-cn v PnÃm hyh-kmb tI{µw Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

b bqWn-äp-I-fpsS F®w (X-cw-Xn-cn- v) Øew A\p-k-cn v PnÃm hyh-kmb tI{µw Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

c sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS F®w (X-cw-Xn-cn- v) Øew A\p-k-cn v PnÃm hyh-kmb tI{µw Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

d \nt£]w Øew A\p-k-cn v PnÃm hyh-kmb tI{µw Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

3 JmZn-þ-{Kma hyh-kmbw

a F®w {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän PnÃm hyh-kmb tI{µw Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

b sXmgn-em-fn-IÄ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän PnÃm hyh-kmb tI{µw Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

4ssI¯dn hyh-kmbw (kz-Imcy Øm]-\-§fpw kl-I-cW kwL-§-fpw) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän PnÃm hyh-kmb tI{µw Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

a ssI¯dn¯pWn-I-fpsS aqeyw {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän PnÃm hyh-kmb tI{µw Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

5IbÀ hyh-kmbw (kz-Imcy Øm]-\-§fpw kl-I-cW kwL-§-fpw)þ hni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän PnÃm hyh-kmb tI{µw Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

6 Iip-hn hyh-kmbw þ hni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän PnÃm hyh-kmb tI{µw Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

7 aäp ]c-¼-cm-KX hyh-km-b-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän PnÃm hyh-kmb tI{µw Gähpw ]pXn-bXv8 hyh-kmb kl-I-cW kwL-§Ä þ hni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän PnÃm hyh-kmb tI{µw Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

9 FÃm bqWn-äp-I-fp-sSbpw Dev]m-Z\ hnh-c-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän PnÃm hyh-kmb tI{µw Gähpw ]pXn-bXv10 kn¡v bqWn-äp-I-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän PnÃm hyh-kmb tI{µw Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

11

_Ô-s¸« GP³kn-I-fpsS enÌv þ kwØm\/ tZiob/ A´ÀtZ-iob, kÀ¡mtc-Xc kwL-S-\-IÄ, kzbw klmb kwL-§Ä, kzbw-`-cW Øm]-\-§Ä

PnÃ PnÃm hyh-kmb tI{µw Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

12\S-¶p -sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶Xpw GsäSp-¯-Xp-amb t{]PIvSpIfpsSbpw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-sSbpw enÌv (I-h-tdPv kln-Xw) PnÃ PnÃm hyh-kmb tI{µw Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

7 h\w, ]cn-Øn-Xn, J\-\hpw `qKÀ`imkv{Xhpw1 h\wa h\-§-fpsS hnkvXoÀWw tZiobw/kwØm\w / PnÃ h\w hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

bh\-§-fpsS hnkvXoÀWw þ bYmÀ° h\-hn-kvXr-Xn, h\-§-f-Ãm¯ Øew, ]m«-¯n\p \ÂInb {]tZiw PnÃ h\w hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

c h\-§-fpsS hnkvXoÀWw þ Unhn-j³ Xncn¨v Unhn-j³ Xncn v h\w hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

d td©p-IÄ Unhn-j³ Xncn v h\w hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

e h\-§-fpsS hnkvXoÀWw þ C\w-Xn-cn¨v ({]-IrXn Z¯w/ \n£n]vXw/¹mtâ-j³) Unhn-j³ Xncn v h\w hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

f{]Ir-Xn-Z¯ h\-§-fpsS hnkvXoÀWw þ C\w Xncn¨v (\n-Xy-l-cnX h\w/ AÀ[ lcnX h\w/ Ce-sIm-gnbpw ImSv) Unhn-j³ Xncn v h\w hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

g ]«nI hÀK A[n-hmk tI{µ§Ä þ Unhn-j³ Xncn¨v Øew A\pkcn¨v (hmÀUv Xew) h\w hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

h ]«nI hÀK A[n-hmk tI{µ§Ä þ ]pcp-j³/k{Xo P\-kwJy Unhn-j³ Xncn v h\w hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjwi kky-Pm-e-§Ä þ hÀKw Xncn v Unhn-j³ Xncn v h\w hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXvj Huj[ kky-§Ä Unhn-j³ Xncn v h\w hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

k P´p-Pm-e-§Ä þ hÀKw Xncn¨v Unhn-j³ Xncn v h\w hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXvl kkvX-\n-I-fp-sSbpw aÕy-§-fp-sSbpw enÌv Unhn-j³ Xncn v h\w hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

mhmWn-Py-]-c-amb Dev]m-Z-\-¯n-\pÅ h\-hn-`-h-§Äþ XSn, hnd-Iv, Ig apX-em-bh Unhn-j³ Xncn v h\w hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

nhymh-km-bn-tIm-ev]m-Z-\-¯n-\pÅ h\ hn`-h-§Äþ bq¡m-en-]vä-kv, At¡-jy, Cud, apf apX-em-bh Unhn-j³ Xncn v h\w hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

o hchv þ sNehv Unhn-j³ Xncn v h\w hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

p h\w It¿äw h\w hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjwq Im«pXo h\w hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

rh\-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« Ipä IrXy-§Ä (Im«p arK-§sf B{I-an-¡Â, XSn-tam-jWw XpS-§n-b-h) h\w hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

s ae-bn-Sn-¨nÂ þhni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän h\w hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

t shÅ-s¸m¡w þ hni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän h\w hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

u

_Ô-s¸« GP³knI-fpsS enÌvþ kwØm\/tZiob/ A´ÀtZio-b, kÀ¡mtc-Xc kwL-S-IÄ, kzbw-k-lmb kwL-§Ä, kzbw- -cW Øm]-\-§Ä

PnÃ h\w hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

v\S-¶p -sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶Xpw GsäSp-¯-Xp-amb t{]PIvSpIfpsSbpw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-sSbpw enÌv (I-h-tdPv kln-Xw) PnÃ h\w hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

2 ]cn-ØnXn

a ]cn-ØnXn timjWw tZiobw/kwØm\w / PnÃ aen-\o-I-cW \nb-{´W t_mÀUv

b aen-\o-I-cW km[y-X-bpÅ hyh-km-b-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aen-\o-I-cW \nb-{´W t_mÀUv Ignª 4 hÀjw

caen-\o-I-cW km[y-X-bpÅ hyh-km-b-§Ä - Imä-Kdn Xncn¨v (Np-h-¸v, Hmd-©v, ]¨) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aen-\o-I-cW \nb-{´W t_mÀUv Ignª 4 hÀjw

d F^vfp-hâv {Soävsaâv ¹mâp-I-fn-Ãm¯ hyh-km-b-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aen-\o-I-cW \nb-{´W t_mÀUv Ignª 4 hÀjw

e

hmbq-a-en-\o-I-c-W-¯n\v CS-bm-¡p¶ hyh-km-b-§Ä ({]-tXyI ]ZmÀ°-§Ä, ss\{S-P³ HmIvssk-Uv, kÄ^À ssU HmIvssk-Uv, ImÀ_¬ tamtWm-Ivssk-Uv, t¢mdn³ kwbp-à-§Ä)

{Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aen-\o-I-cW \nb-{´W t_mÀUv Ignª 4 hÀjw

f a®v/Pe aen-\o-I-c-W-¯n\v CS-bm-¡p¶ hyh-km-b-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aen-\o-I-cW \nb-{´W t_mÀUv Ignª 4 hÀjw

gaen-\o-I-cW km[y-X-IÄ IqSn-bXpw Ipd-ª-Xp-amb Bip-]-{Xn-IÄ (C³t]-jyâv kuIcyw DÅXpw CÃm-¯-Xpw) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aen-\o-I-cW \nb-{´W t_mÀUv Ignª 4 hÀjw

h hmbp aen-\o-I-c-W-¯n\v CS-bm-¡p¶ Bip-]-{Xn-IÄ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aen-\o-I-cW \nb-{´W t_mÀUv Ignª 4 hÀjw

i a®v/Pe aen-\o-I-c-W-¯n\v CS-bm-¡p¶ Bip]{XnIÄ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän aen-\o-I-cW \nb-{´W t_mÀUv Ignª 4 hÀjw

jF^vfp-hâv {Soävsaâv ¹mâp-IÄ CÃm-¯Xpw DbÀ¶ aen-\o-I-cW km[y-X-IÄ DÅ-Xp-amb Bip-]-{Xn-IÄ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aen-\o-I-cW \nb-{´W t_mÀUv Ignª 4 hÀjw

k _tbm saUn-¡Â NnInÕm kuI-cy-§Ä CÃm¯ Bip-]-{Xn-IÄ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aen-\o-I-cW \nb-{´W t_mÀUv Ignª 4 hÀjw

lJc-am-en\y cq]o-I-cWw (In.-{Kmw), km{µX (N-Xp-c{i In.-ao-ä-dn\v In.-{Kmw) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aen-\o-I-cW \nb-{´W t_mÀUv Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

m Jc-am-en\y tiJ-cWw Bcw-`n¨ Xt±I kzbw`cW Øm]-\-`-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aen-\o-I-cW \nb-{´W t_mÀUv Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

nIim¸p ime-IÄ \S-¯ns¡mn-cn-¡p¶ Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\--§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aen-\o-I-cW \nb-{´W t_mÀUv Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

oJc-am-en\yw \o¡w sN¿p¶-Xn\v Xpd-kmb Øe¯v I¯n-¡p¶ Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aen-\o-I-cW \nb-{´W t_mÀUv Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

pJc-am-en\yw \o¡w sN¿p¶-Xn\v Ipgn-I-fnÂ sImn-Sp¶ Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aen-\o-I-cW \nb-{´W t_mÀUv Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

qJc-am-en\yw \o¡w sN¿p¶-Xn\v C³kn-s\-td-ä-dp-IÄ D]-tbm-Kn-¡p¶ Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aen-\o-I-cW \nb-{´W t_mÀUv Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

rJc-am-en\yw \o¡w sN¿p¶-Xn\v Uw]nwKv bmUp-IÄ DÅ Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aen-\o-I-cW \nb-{´W t_mÀUv Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

s{][m\ ]mÀ¸nS tI{µ§-fnse i_vZ aen-\o-I-cWw þ Rmb-dm-gvNbpw aäp Znh-k-§-fnepw (]-Iepw cm{Xn-bpw)

\Kc {]tZ-i§-fnse sXc-sª-Sp¯ Øe-§Ä aen-\o-I-cW \nb-{´W t_mÀUv Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

t{][m\ hmWnPy tI{µ§-fnse i_vZ aen-\o-I-cWw þ Rmb-dm-gvNbpw aäp Znh-k-§-fnepw (]-Iepw cm{Xn-bpw)


u{][m\ hymh-km-bnI tI{µ§-fnse i_vZ aen-\o-I-cWw þ Rmb-dm-gvNbpw aäp Znh-k-§-fnepw (]-Iepw cm{Xn-bpw)


v

hnZym- ymk Øm]-\-§Ä, BtcmKy Øm]-\-§Ä XpS-§nb aäp {]tXyI Øm]\-§-fnse i_vZ aen-\o-I-cWw þ Rmb-dm-gvNbpw aäp Znh-k-§-fnepw (]-Iepw cm{Xn-bpw)


wshÅ- nsâ KpW-\n-e-hmcw (am-\-Z-WvU-§Äþ BsI Coli form, BOD, DO, pH t¢mssdUv apX-em-b-h)

FÃm \Zn-Ifpw aäp {][m\ Pem-i-b-§fpw aen-\o-I-cW \nb-{´W t_mÀUv Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

x ]cn-ØnXn¡v {]map-Jy-apÅ aäp {]tZ-i§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän aen-\o-I-cW \nb-{´W t_mÀUv Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

y s\Â]m-S-§fpw hb-ep-Ifpw \nI¯p¶Xp kw_-Ôn¨ hnh-c-§Ä Øew A\p-k-cn v aen-\o-I-cW \nb-{´W t_mÀUv Ignª 4 hÀjw

zIÂ¡m-Sp-I-fpw Imhp-Ifpw kwc-£n-¡p-¶Xp kw_-Ôn¨ hnh-c-§Ä Øew A\p-k-cn v aen-\o-I-cW \nb-{´W t_mÀUv Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

aa

_Ô-s¸« GP³knI-fpsS enÌvþ kwØm\/tZiob/ A´ÀtZio-b, kÀ¡mtc-Xc Øm]-\-§Ä, kzbw-k-lmb kwL-§Ä, kzbw-`-cW Øm]-\-§Ä

PnÃ aen-\o-I-cW \nb-{´W t_mÀUv Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

ab\S-¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶Xpw Gsä-Sp- -Xp-amb t{]mP-IvSpI-fp-sSbpw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-sSbpw enÌv (I-h-tdPv kln-Xw) PnÃ aen-\o-I-cW \nb-{´W t_mÀUv Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

3 J\-\hpw `qKÀ`imkv{Xhpw

a

{][m\ an\-d-ep-IÄþD]-tbm-Khpw e`y-X-bpwþ hymh-km-bn-Im-h-iy-§Ä¡v (t_m-Ivssk-äv, {Intkm-s_-dnÂ, {Kmss\-äv, an\-dÂ a-WÂ, I¡, Np®m¼p IÃv ssa¡, ssN\m Ifn-a®v apX-em-b-h)

Øew A\p-k-cn v J\-\-þ-`q-KÀ` imkv{X hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

b

sNdp-InS an\-d-ep-IÄþD]-tbm-Khpw e`y-X-bpwþ sI«nS \nÀ½mW kma-{Kn-I-fmbn D]-tbm-Kn¡p¶p ({Km-ss\-äv, CjvSnIþ Ifn-a-®v, aWÂ, sN¦Ãv apX-em-b-h)

Øew A\p-k-cn v J\-\-þ-`q-KÀ` imkv{X hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

c {]mY-anI taJe þ Aä kwØm\ B`y-´-tcm-ev]m-Z\w kwØm\w / PnÃ C¡-tWm-an¡v dnhyq Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

d J\\ taJe þ Aä kwØm\ B`y-´-tcm-ev]m-Z\w kwØm\w / PnÃ C¡-tWm-an¡v dnhyq Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

e

J\-\-þ- q-KÀ` imkv{X hIp¸pw dh\yq hIp¸pw \ÂIn-bn-«pÅ J\\ s]Àan-äp-I-fpsS F®w þ an\-d-epIÄ Xncn¨v ({Kmss\-äv, t_mIvssk-äv, CjvSnI Ifn-a-®v, h³InS an\-d-epIÄ, ssN\m Ifn-a-®v, sN¦Ãv, aWÂ apX-em-b-h)

{Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän J\-\-þ-`q-KÀ` imkv{X hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

f

J\-\-þ- q-KÀ` imkv{X hIp¸pw dh\yq hIp¸pw J\-\- n\v A\p-aXn \ÂInb Afhv (L\ aoäÀ) þ an\-d-epIÄ Xncn¨v ({Kmss\-äv, t_mIvssk-äv, CjvSnI Ifn-a-®v, h³InS an\-d-epIÄ, sN¦Ãv, aWÂ apX-em-b-h)

{Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän J\-\-þ-`q-KÀ` imkv{X hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

gan\-d-epIÄ Xncn-¨pÅ hcp-am\w (b-YmÀ° hcp-am-\w, tIms¼up sNbvXp e`n-¨Xv, BsI hcp-am-\w) PnÃ J\-\-þ-`q-KÀ` imkv{X hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

h


PnÃ J\-\-þ-`q-KÀ` imkv{X hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

i\S-¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶Xpw Gsä-Sp- -Xp-amb t{]mP-IvSpI-fp-sSbpw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-sSbpw enÌv (I-h-tdPv kln-Xw) PnÃ J\-\-þ-`q-KÀ` imkv{X hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

8]Ým- e kuI-cy-§Ä (tdm-Uv, ]mew, `h\w DÄs¸sS sI«nSw)

1 tdmUp-I-fpsS \ofw (X-cw-Xn-cn- v) kwØm\w/ PnÃ/ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän

]n.-U-»yq.-Un, \mj-WÂ sslth, Xpd-ap-Jw, aÕy-_-Ô-\w, h\w hIp- p-IÄ, Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-§Ä

Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

2 sdbnÂth-bpsS \ofw (X-cw-Xn-cn-¨v) kwØm\w/ PnÃ/ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän sdbnÂth a{´m-ebw Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

3 tdmUnsâ DS-a-ØXm hnh-c-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän


Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

4 tdmUnsâ icm-icn hoXn (X-cw-Xn-cn- v) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän ]n.-U-»yq.-Un. Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

5 {][m\ tdmUp-I-fnse / Ih-e-I-fnse thmfyw Iuv Øew A\p-k-cn v ]n.-U-»yq.-Un. Ignª 4 hÀjw

6X½nÂ _Ô-an-Ãm¯ Øe-§Ä, sa -s -Sp-t¯ Ih-e-IÄ, {Sm^n¡v XS-Ê-apÅ {]tZ-i§Ä (t{KUv A\p-k-cn- v) Øew A\p-k-cn v ]n.-U-»yq.-Un. Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

7 ]me-§-fpsS enÌv {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän ]n.-U-»yq.-Un. Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

8 {Sm^n¡v hni-Zmw-i-§Ä, hÀjw Xncn¨pw hml\w A\p-k-cn¨pw {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän tamt«mÀ hml\ hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

9 _kv sSÀan-\-ep-IÄ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän ]n.-U-»yq.-Un. Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

10 A]-I-S km[y-X-bpÅ Øe-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän ]n.-U-»yq.-Un. Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

11 Xpd-ap-J-§-fpsS ]Ým-¯e kuIcyw {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Xpd-apJ F©n-\o-b-dnwKv hn`mKw Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

12 ]n.-U-»yq.-Un.-bpsS ssIh-i-apÅ sI«nS§fpsS hnh-c-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän ]n.-U-»yq.-Un. Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

13 {Sm^n¡v sFeâp-I-fp-sSbpw Xncn-tb Øe-§-fp-sSbpw hnh-c-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän ]n.-U-»yq.-Un. Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

14 Pe-K-XmKXw hni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Pe-K-Xm-KX hIp v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

15hnam-\- m-hfhpambn _Ô-s¸« ]Ým- e kuI-cy-§-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän FbÀt]mÀ«v AtXm-dnän Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

16


PnÃ


Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

17\S-¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶Xpw Gsä-Sp- -Xp-amb t{]mP-IvSpI-fp-sSbpw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-sSbpw enÌv (I-h-tdPv kln-Xw) PnÃ

]n.-U-»yq.-Un, \mj-WÂ sslth, Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-§Ä, Xpd-ap-Jwþ sdbnÂthþ DÄ\m-S³ Pe-K-Xm-K-XwþaÕy-_-Ô-\w, h\w hIp- p-IÄ,

Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

9 BtcmKyw

1

hnhn[ hn`m-K-§-fnÂ s]« (A-tem- -Xn, BbpÀth-Zw, tlman-tbm) BtcmKy Øm]-\-§-fpsS Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\w Xncn- pÅ BsI F®w þ Bip-]{Xn Xncn¨v InS-¡-I-fpsSbpw tUmIvSÀam-cp-sSbpw F®w

{Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän BtcmKy hIp v Ignª 4 hÀjw

2

Hmtcm Bip-]-{Xn-bnepw e`y-amb kuI-cy-§-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Äþ Hm -td-j³ Xntb-ä-dp-I-fpsS F®w, B[p-\nI kv¡m\nwKv kuI-cyw, ¢n\n-¡Â em_-d-«-dn, saUn-¡Â tÌmÀ, InS-¡-I-fpsS F®w, Bip-]{Xn amen-\y-§Ä \o¡w sN¿p¶-Xn-\pÅ kwhn-[m\w XpS-§n-bh


3 Atem-¸Xn Bip-]-{Xn-I-Ä Xcw-Xn-cn¨v {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän BtcmKy hIp v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

a Imä-Kdn 1þ kq¸À kvs]jym-enän Bip-]{Xn {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän BtcmKy hIp v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

bImä-Kdn 2 þ kn.-Sn.-kv¡m³, C.-C.-Pn. XpS-§nb AXym[-p-\nI tcmK \nÀWb kuI-cy-§-fpÅ Bip-]-{Xn-IÄ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän BtcmKy hIp v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

c Imä-Kdn 3þ Hm¸-td-j³ Xotb-äÀ DÅ Bip-]-{Xn-IÄ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän BtcmKy hIp v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

d Imä-Kdn 4þ tkh\w 24 aWn-¡qdpw DÅ Bip-]-{Xn-IÄ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän BtcmKy hIp v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

e Imä-Kdn 5þ ¢n\n-¡p-IÄ (H ]n am{Xw) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän BtcmKy hIp v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

4 tcmK-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän BtcmKy hIp v

a PnÃ-bnÂ km[m-c-W-bmbn ImW-s¸-Sp¶ tcmKw kw_-Ôn¨ hnh-c-§Ä AXp {]Xy-£-s -Sp¶ ka-bhpw {]tZ-ihpw, Imc-W-§fpw {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän BtcmKy hIp v Ignª 4 hÀjw

bsXmgnÂ kw_-Ô-ambpÅ tcmK-§Ä Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\ Xe-¯nÂ tcmK _m[n-X-cpsS F®w, {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp¶ Øew (`q-]-S-¯nÂ) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän BtcmKy hIp v Ignª 4 hÀjw

c EXp-t`Zw A\p-k-cn¨v {]Xy-£-s -Sp¶ tcmK-§Ä, tXmXv, Øew {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän BtcmKy hIp v Ignª 4 hÀjw

d PnÃ-bnÂ Kpcp-Xc tcmK-§-fpsS B[n-Iy-¯nsâ tXmXv {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän BtcmKy hIp v Ignª 4 hÀjw

e sU¦n -\n, ate-dn-b, NnIp³ Kp\nb F¶nh GsXÃmw Øe-§-fnÂ, F{X tIkp-IÄ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän BtcmKy hIp v Ignª 4 hÀjw

5

Btcm-Ky-¯nsâ \ne-hmcwþ-P\\ \nc-¡v, acW \nc-¡v, P\\thf-bnse ac-W-¯nsâ F®w, BbpÀssZÀLyw, kv{Xoþ-]p-cp-jm-\p-]mXw F¶o s]mXp-hmb BtcmKy kqN-I-§-fpsS ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ


6

A]-I-S-§-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä þ Xt±i `cW Øm]-\- nÂ dnt¸mÀ«v sNbvX A]-IS kw`-h-§Ä hÀjw Xncn-¨v, A]-IS ac-W-§-fpsS hniZ hnh-c-§Ä


7


PnÃ BtcmKy hIp v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

8\S-¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶Xpw Gsä-Sp- -Xp-amb t{]mP-IvSpI-fp-sSbpw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-sSbpw enÌv (I-h-tdPv kln-Xw) PnÃ BtcmKy hIp v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

10 IpSn-sh-Åw, ipNnXzw

1

\ne-hn-epÅ Pe t{kmX-kp-IÄ þ D]-cn-Xe t{kmXkv (\-Zn-IÄ, ip²-Pe XSm-I-§Ä, Acp-hn-IÄ, Nnd-IÄ F¶n-§-s\) `qKÀ` Pe-t{km-Xkv (Syq_v shÂ, t_mÀshÂ F¶n-§-s\)

{Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän tIcf hm«À AtXm-dnän, {Kuv hm«À Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

2Pe-hn-X-cW k{¼-Zmbw þ hnX-cW sse\p-I-fpsS ssZÀLyw, Sm¸p-IÄ Øm]n-¨n-cn-¡p¶ t]mbnâp-IÄ XpS-§n-bh {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän tIcf hm«À AtXm-dnän Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

3 Pe-hn-X-cW- nsâ Afhv {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän tIcf hm«À AtXm-dnän Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

4 Pe-hn-X-c-W -k-{¼-Zmbw DÄs¸« {]tZiw (I-h-td-Pv) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän tIcf hm«À AtXm-dnän Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

5 Pe-hn-X-c-W -k-{¼-Zmbw DÄs¸« vv\K-c/{Kma {]tZ-i§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän tIcf hm«À AtXm-dnän Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

6

hnX-cWw sN¿p¶ Pe-¯nsâ KpW-\n-e-hmcw (t¢mdn-t\-j³ \S¯n IpSn-¡m-hp-¶Xv þ1, Ccp¼pw D¸pw IeÀ¶ shÅw, ISp¸w IqSnb shÅw-þ2, ip²o-I-cn¨ shÅw þ3)

{Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän tIcf hm«À AtXm-dnän Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

7 Pe-ip-²o-I-c-Ww, ip²o-I-cW ¹mâp-IÄ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän tIcf hm«À AtXm-dnän Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

8 D]-t`mKw hni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän tIcf hm«À AtXm-dnän Ignª 4 hÀjw

9 \nd-th-d-s¸-Sm-¯Xpw C\n-th-Xpw {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän tIcf hm«À AtXm-dnän Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

10 Pe ZuÀe`yw {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän tIcf hm«À AtXm-dnän Ignª 4 hÀjw

11 ipNnXzw-- -þhni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enänk¼qÀW ipNnXz t{]mPIvSv,

Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-§Ä

12

_Ô-s¸« GP³knI-Äþ kwØm\/tZiob/ A´ÀtZio-b, kÀ¡mtc-Xc Øm]-\-§Ä, kzbw-k-lmb kwL-§Ä, kzbw-`-cW Øm]-\-§Ä

{Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän tIcf hm«À AtXm-dnän Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

13\S-¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶Xpw Gsä-Sp- -Xp-amb t{]mP-IvSpI-fp-sSbpw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-sSbpw enÌv (I-h-tdPv kln-Xw) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän tIcf hm«À AtXm-dnän Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

11 hnZym-`ymkw1 PnÃ-bv¡-Is¯ hnZym- ymk Øm]-\-§Ä F®w Xcw-Xn-cn v {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän hnZym-`ymk hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

a hnZym- ymk Øm]-\-§-fpsS Imä-K-dn, DS-aØ kz`m-hw, Ip«n-I-fpsS F®w, A[ym-]-I-cpsS F®w F¶nh (ss{]-adn¡p apI-fn-ep-Å-h) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän hnZym-`ymk hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

bHmtcm Imä-K-dn-bn-epÅ hnZym-`ymk Øm]-\-§-fpsS F®w P\-kwJy A\p-k-cn v {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän hnZym-`ymk hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

c

_ncp-Zm-\-´c _ncpZ tImgvkp-I-fp-sSbpw s{]m^jWÂ tImgvkp-I-fp-sSbpw hni-Zmw-i-§Ä (Pn-Ã-bnse Hmtcm tImtf-Pn-ep-apÅ tImgvkp-Ifpw hnZymÀ°n-I-fpsS F®-hpw)

{Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän hnZym-`ymk hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

d Kth-jW kuI-cy-§-fpÅ tImtf-Pp-I-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän hnZym-`ymk hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

e

Hmtcm hnZym-`ymk Øm]-\-¯nsebpw A[ym-]-I-þ-hn-ZymÀ°n A\p-]m-Xw, ap³hÀjs¯ hnP-b-i-X-am-\w, Hmtcm ¢mkn-sebpw Ip«n-I-fpsS icm-icn F®w


f

hnZym-`ymk Øm]-\-§-fnÂ e`y-amb kuI-cy-§Ä-þ-Dd¸pw kpc-£n-X-Xz-hp-apÅ sI«nS§Ä, s]¬Ip-«n-IÄ¡v {]tXyI tSmbveäv kuI-cy-§Ä, Ifn-Øew, XpS-§n-bh


g sImgn-ªp-t]m-Ip-¶-h-cpsS F®w {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän hnZym-`ymk hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

h



i\S-¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶Xpw Gsä-Sp- -Xp-amb t{]mP-IvSpI-fp-sSbpw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-sSbpw enÌv (I-h-tdPv kln-Xw) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän hnZym-`ymk hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

12 DuÀÖw, sSen-I-½yq-Wn-t¡-j³

1PnÃ-bv¡-Is¯ sam¯w sshZypXn hnX-c-Ww, AXnsâ t{kmXkv (t{km-X-kvþ PnÃbv¡v ]pd-¯v, PnÃbv¡v AI-¯v) {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän sI.Fkv.-C._n Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

2D]-t`m-àm-¡-fpsS F®w Xcw-Xn-cn-¨v, Hmtcm {Kq¸pw D]-tbm-Kn-¡p¶ sshZypXn {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän sI.Fkv.-C._n Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

3 sshZypXn hnX-cW irwJe ({KnUv Xncn- v) {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän sI.Fkv.-C._n Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

4PnÃ-bv¡-Is¯ t{kmX-kp-I-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä þ Øew, cq]-I-ev]\ sNbvX Af-hv, Ct¸m-gs¯ Dev]m-Z\w apX-em-bh {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän sI.Fkv.-C._n Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

5hnX-cW irwJ-e-bpsS hnh-c-§Äþ Dev]m-Z\ tI{µw, k_v tÌj³, 220- 66 KV sse\p-IÄ F¶nh kqNn- n-¡p-¶ `q]Sw {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän sI.Fkv.-C._n Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

6 {]k-cW \jvSw {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän sI.Fkv.-C._n Ignª 4 hÀjw

7

{Sm³kvt^mÀa-dp-I-fpsS Øm\w, tijn, IW-IvSUv temUv, ]cn-[n-bn-epÅ {]tZ-iw, IW-Ivj-\p-I-fpsS F®w F¶nhbpw Hmtcm Xcw D]-t`m-àm-hn-sâbpw sshZypXn D]-t`m-Khpw

{Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän sI.Fkv.-C._n Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

8

IqsS-¡qsS Ipdª thmÄt«Pv A\p- -h-s -Sp¶ {]tZ-iw, ]hÀ I«v t\cn-Sp¶ {]tZiw XpS-§n-bh (Hcp {]tZ-is¯ sshZyp-Xn-bpsS Bh-iy-s¯-¡mÄ Ipd-hmWv Ahn-Sps¯ {Sm³kvt^mÀa-dnsâ tijn F¦nÂ B {]tZ-is¯ {]iv\ _m[n-X-ambn IW-¡m-¡mw. Hcp {Sm³kvt^mÀa-dnsâ ]cn-[n-bnÂ hcm¯ {]tZ-i¯v

{Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän sI.Fkv.-C._n Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

9 sshZyp-Xo-I-cn-¡m¯ {]tZ-i§-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän sI.Fkv.-C._n Ignª 4 hÀjw

10]mc-¼-tcy-Xc DuÀÖ t{kmX-Êp-IÄ (kq-cy-{]-Im-iw, Imäv, sNdnb Pe-þ-ssh-ZypX t{]mPIvSv F¶n-h) {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän sI.Fkv.-C._n, As\À«v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

11 sSen-I-½yq-Wn-t¡-j³ irwJe {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän sSen-I-½yq-Wn-t¡-j³ hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv12 X]mÂ-þI¼n -]mÂ hni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän t]mÌÂ kÀhokv hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

13


{Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enänsI.Fkv.-C._n, sSen-I-½yq-Wn-t¡-j³ hIp¸v, t]mÌÂ kÀhokv hIp v

Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

14\S-¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶Xpw Gsä-Sp- -Xp-amb t{]mP-IvSpI-fp-sSbpw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-sSbpw enÌv (I-h-tdPv kln-Xw) {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän

sI.Fkv.-C._n, sSen-I-½yq-Wn-t¡-j³ hIp¸v, t]mÌÂ kÀhokv hIp v

Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

13kmaqly t£aw (h-\n-X-IÄ, inip-¡Ä, hr²À F¶n-h-cpsS hnI-k-\w)

1 h\nX

a P\-kw-Jym-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IÄ þ P\-kw-Jy, kv{Xoþ-]p-cp-jm-\p-]mXw {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän C¡-tWm-anIvkv þ

Ìmän-ÌnIvkv hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

b

sXmgnÂ]-c-amb ØnXn --þBsI kv{Xo sXmgn-em-fn-IÄ, {][m\ sXmgn-enÂ GÀs -«n-cn-¡p-¶-h-cnÂ kv{XoIÄ, \ma-am{X sXmgn-ep-I-fnÂ GÀs¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶-h-cnÂ kv{XoIÄ, kv{Xo IÀj-IÀ, IÀjI sXmgn-emfn kv{XoIÄ, IpSnÂ hyh-km-b-¯nÂ GÀs¸-«n-cn-¡p¶ kv{XoIÄ, aäp sXmgn-ep-I-fnÂ GÀs¸

{Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän sk³kkv Ignª 4 hÀjw

c kv{XoI-fpsS km£-cXm \nc¡v/ km£-cXm \ne-hmcw {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän kmaq-ly-t£a hIp¸v / h\nXm t£a Hmôkv Ignª 4 hÀjw

d Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-§-fnse h\nXm {]mXn-\n[yw {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän kmaq-ly-t£a hIp¸v / h\nXm t£a Hmôkv Ignª 4 hÀjw

e BtcmKy {]iv-\-§Ä þ hnfÀ¨, KÀ`w Ae-kÂ, {]h-ks¯ XpSÀ¶pÅ acWw F¶n-§s\ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän BtcmKy hIp v Ignª 4 hÀjw

f t]mjW sshI-ey-¯nsâ ØnXn {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän BtcmKy hIp v Ignª 4 hÀjw

g kv{XoIÄs¡-Xn-cmb AXn-{I-a-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän BtcmKy hIp v Ignª 4 hÀjw

h kv{XoI-fpsS Bß-lXy {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän BtcmKy hIp v Ignª 4 hÀjw

i t\Àhgn¡p \bn-¡m-\pÅ \S-]-Sn-IÄ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän kmaq-ly-t£a hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

j

_Ô-s¸« GP³knI-fpsS enÌvþ kwØm\/tZiob/ A´ÀtZio-b, kÀ¡mtc-Xc Øm]-\-§Ä, kzbw-k-lmb kwL-§Ä, kzbw-`-cW Øm]-\-§Ä, IpSpw-_{io apX-em-bh

{Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän kmaq-ly-t£a hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

k kv{XoIÄ IpSpw-_-\m-Y-I-fm-bpÅ IpSpw-_-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän kmaq-ly-t£a hIp¸v / h\nXm t£a Hmôkv Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

l

\S-¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶Xpw Gsä-Sp- -Xp-amb t{]mP-IvSpI-fp-sSbpw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-sSbpw enÌv (I-h-tdPv kln-Xw) þ ]qcI t]mj-Im-lmc ]cn-]m-Sn, h\nXm imào-I-cW ]cn-]m-Sn-IÄ apX-em-bh

{Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän kmaq-ly-t£a hIp¸v / h\nXm t£a Hmôkv Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

2 Ipªp-§Ä

a P\-kw-Jym-imkv{X]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IÄ þ P\-kw-Jy, kv{Xoþ-]p-cp-jm-\p-]mXw (6 -h-b-knÂ Xmsg) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän C¡-tWm-anIvkv þ


bBtcmKy {]iv-\-§Ä þ inip-a-cW \nc-¡v, Nm]n-Å, P·\m `mc-¡p-dhv XpS-§n-bh {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän BtcmKy hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

c Ipªp-§Äs¡Xn-cmb AXn-{I-a-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän t]meokv hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjwd Ipªp-§fpsS Bß-lXy {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän t]meokv hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

e ]Ým-¯e kuI-cy-§-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä þ AwK³hm-Sn, AKXn aµn-cw, A\mY aµn-cw, Pqh-ss\Â tlmw apX-em-bh {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän kmaq-ly-t£a hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

f

_Ô-s¸« GP³knI-fpsS enÌvþ kwØm\/tZiob/ A´ÀtZio-b, kÀ¡mtc-Xc Øm]-\-§Ä, kzbw-k-lmb kwL-§Ä, kzbw-`-cW Øm]-\-§Ä, apX-em-bh

{Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän kmaq-ly-t£a hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

g

\S-¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶Xpw Gsä-Sp- -Xp-amb t{]mP-IvSpI-fp-sSbpw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-sSbpw enÌv (I-h-tdPv kln-Xw) þ kwtbm-PnX inip-hn-I-k\ ]cn-]m-Sn, tcmK {]Xn-tcm[ ]cn-]m-Sn-IÄ, {]oþ-kvIqÄ hnZym-`ymk ]cn-]mSn XpS-§n-bh

{Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän kmaq-ly-t£a hIp¸v / h\nXm t£a Hm^okv Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

3 hr² P\-§Ä

a P\-kwJymimkv{X-]-camb khn-ti-j-X-IÄ þ P\-kw-Jy, kv{Xoþ-]p-cp-jm-\p-]mXw (60 hb-Ên\p taÂ) {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän Ignª 4 hÀjw

b BtcmKy {]iv\-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän BtcmKy hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

c Bß-l-Xy-þ-hr-²-P-\-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän t]meokv hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

d ]Ým-¯e kuI-cy-§-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä þ AKXn aµn-cw, hr²- `-h\w apX-em-bh {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän kmaq-ly-t£a hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

e


{Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän kmaq-ly-t£a hIp¸v / h\nXm t£a Hm^okv Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

f\S-¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶Xpw Gsä-Sp- -Xp-amb t{]mP-IvSpI-fp-sSbpw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-sSbpw enÌv (I-h-tdPv kln-Xw) {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän kmaq-ly-t£a hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

4 hyXy-kvX-amb Ign-hp-I-fp-Å-hÀ

a

P\-kwJymimkv{X-]-camb khn-ti-j-X-IÄ þ tIÄhn-¡p-d-hp-Å-hÀ, ImgvN-iàn Ipd-ª-hÀ, imco-cnI sshI-ey-ap-Å-hÀ, am\-knI hfÀ¨ apc-Sn- -hÀ F¶n-h-cpsS P\-kwJy

{Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän C¡-tWm-anIvkv þ Ìmän-ÌnIvkv hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

b BtcmKy {]iv\-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän BtcmKy hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjwc Bß-l-Xy- {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän t]meokv hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

d ]Ým-¯e kuI-cy-§-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän kmaq-ly-t£a hIp¸v Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

g

_Ô-s¸« GP³knI-fpsS enÌvþ kwØm\/tZiob/ A´ÀtZio-b, kÀ¡mtc-Xc Øm]-\-§Ä, kzbw-k-lmb kwL-§Ä, kzbw-`-cW Øm]-\-§Ä apX-em-bh

{Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän kmaq-ly-t£a hIp¸v / h\nXm t£a Hm^okv Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

h\S-¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶Xpw Gsä-Sp- -Xp-amb t{]mP-IvSpI-fp-sSbpw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-sSbpw enÌv (I-h-tdPv kln-Xw) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän kmaq-ly-t£a hIp¸v / h\nXm

t£a Hm^okv Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

14 Zmcn{Zy \nÀ½mÀÖ\w, {Kma hnI-k\w

1 P\-kwJym imkv{X-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IÄ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän C¡-tWm-anIvkv þ Ìmän-ÌnIvkv hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

a Zmcn{Zy tcJbv¡p Xmsg-bpÅ (_n.-]n.-FÂ) hcpsS P\-kwJy {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän C¡-tWm-anIvkv þ Ìmän-ÌnIvkv hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

b _n.-]n.-FÂ IpSpw-_-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän C¡-tWm-anIvkv þ Ìmän-ÌnIvkv hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

c `h\ cln-X-cmb _n.-]n.-FÂ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän C¡-tWm-anIvkv þ Ìmän-ÌnIvkv hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

d qcln-X-cmb _n.-]n.-FÂ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän C¡-tWm-anIvkv þ Ìmän-ÌnIvkv hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

e sXmgnÂ ]c-amb ØnXn {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän C¡-tWm-anIvkv þ Ìmän-ÌnIvkv hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

f _n.-]n.-FÂ P\-kw-Jy-bnÂ ]«n-I-PmXn IpSpw-_-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän C¡-tWm-anIvkv þ Ìmän-ÌnIvkv hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

g _n.-]n.-FÂ P\-kw-Jy-bnÂ ]«n-I- hÀK IpSpw-_-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän C¡-tWm-anIvkv þ Ìmän-ÌnIvkv hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

h _n.-]n.-FÂ P\-kw-Jy-bnÂ kv{XoIÄ IpSpw-_-\m-Y-I-fm-bp-ÅXv {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän C¡-tWm-anIvkv þ Ìmän-ÌnIvkv hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

i _n.-]n.-FÂ P\-kw-Jy-bnÂ hyXykvX Ign-hp-I-fp-Å-hÀ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän C¡-tWm-anIvkv þ Ìmän-ÌnIvkv hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

j _n.-]n.-FÂ P\-kw-JybpsS icm-icn hmÀjnI hcp-am\w {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän C¡-tWm-anIvkv þ Ìmän-ÌnIvkv hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

k _n.-]n.-FÂ ¡mcpsS k¼m-Zy-ioew {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän C¡-tWm-anIvkv þ Ìmän-ÌnIvkv hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

l _n.-]n.-FÂ ¡mcpsS ]c-kv]c hmbv]m klmb at\m-`mhw {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän C¡-tWm-anIvkv þ Ìmän-ÌnIvkv hIp¸v Ignª 4 hÀjw

m_n.-]n.-FÂ P\-kw-Jy-bnÂ ss\_ÀlpUv {Kq¸p-I-fpsS (NHG) hnX-cWw {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän C¡-tWm-anIvkv þ


2 ]Ým-¯e kuI-cy-§-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän Akn-Ìâv sUh-e-¸vsaâv I½o-j-W-dpsS Hmôkv Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

3


{Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän Akn-Ìâv sUh-e-¸vsaâv I½o-j-W-dpsS Hmôkv Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

4

\S-¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶Xpw Gsä-Sp- -Xp-amb t{]mP-IvSpI-fp-sSbpw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-sSbpw enÌv (I-h-tdPv kln-Xw) -{]tXyI Zmcn{Zy \nÀ½mÀÖ\ ]cn-]m-Sn, {]tXyI {Kma hnI-k\ ]cn-]m-Sn, IpSpw-_{io ]cn-]mSn F¶nh DÄs¸sS

{Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän Akn-Ìâv sUh-e-¸vsaâv I½o-j-W-dpsS Hmôkv Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

5 USEP, DWCUA Ch-bpsS _m¦v Xncn-¨pÅ hni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän eoUv _m¦v Ignª 4 hÀjw

6PMRY bnÂ A\p-h-Zn-¨-Xpw. hnX-cWw sNbvX-Xp-amb hmbv]-bpsS _m¦v Xncn-¨pÅ hni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän eoUv _m¦v Ignª 4 hÀjw

15 ]«n-I-PmXn/ ]«n-I-hÀK hnI-k\w

1 P\-kwJym imkv{X-]-c-amb khntij-X-IÄ {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän ]«n-I-PmXn/]«n-I-hÀK hnI-k\ hIp- p-IÄ Ignª 4 hÀjw

a BsI ]«n-I-PmXn /]«nI-hÀK hnI-k\w {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän ]«n-I-PmXn/]«n-I-hÀK hnI-k\ hIp- p-IÄ Ignª 4 hÀjw

b ]«n-I-PmXn /]«nI-hÀK IpSpw-_-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän ]«n-I-PmXn/]«n-I-hÀK hnI-k\ hIp- p-IÄ Ignª 4 hÀjw

c`h\ cln-X-cmb ]«n-I-PmXn /]«nI-hÀK¡mÀ þ]p-\-c-[n-hmk hni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän ]«n-I-PmXn/]«n-I-hÀK hnI-k\

hIp- p-IÄ Ignª 4 hÀjw

d `qcln-X-cmb ]«n-I-PmXn /]«nI-hÀK¡mÀ {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän ]«n-I-PmXn/]«n-I-hÀK hnI-k\ hIp- p-IÄ Ignª 4 hÀjw

e ]«n-I-PmXn /]«nI-hÀK¡mcpsS km£cX {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän ]«n-I-PmXn/]«n-I-hÀK hnI-k\ hIp- p-IÄ Ignª 4 hÀjw

2]«n-I-PmXn /]«nI-hÀK¡mcpsS sXmgnÂ]-c-amb ØnXn, hr¯n-lo-\-amb sXmgn-ep-IÄ {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän ]«n-I-PmXn/]«n-I-hÀK hnI-k\

hIp- p-IÄ Ignª 4 hÀjw

3]«n-I-PmXn /]«nI-hÀK kt¦-X-§-fnse ]Ým-¯e kuI-cy-§-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä (ssh-ZypXn/IpSn-shÅw XpS-§n-bh CÃm¯ ØnXn) {Kma ]©m-b v / ap\n-kn- m-enän ]«n-I-PmXn/]«n-I-hÀK hnI-k\

hIp- p-IÄ Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

4Fwt¹m-bvsaâv FIvkvtN-©p-I-fnÂ t]cv cPn-ÌÀ sNbvX sXmgnÂ cln-X-cmb ]«n-I-PmXn /]«nI-hÀK bph-Xo-bp-hm-¡Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän ]«n-I-PmXn/]«n-I-hÀK hnI-k\


5tlmÌÂ, tamUÂ dkn-U³jyÂ kvIqÄ F¶n-h-bpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän ]«n-I-PmXn/]«n-I-hÀK hnI-k\


6\S-¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶Xpw Gsä-Sp- -Xp-amb t{]mP-IvSpI-fp-sSbpw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-sSbpw enÌv (I-h-tdPv kln-Xw) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän ]«n-I-PmXn/]«n-I-hÀK hnI-k\


16hnt\mZ k©m-cw, kwkv¡m-cw, Ie, kvt]mÀ«vkv, bph-P-\-Imcyw

1

hnt\mZ k©m-c¯n\pÅ BIÀjWw þ {]Ir-Xn-Z-¯w, kml-kn-Iw, aX]cw/ XoÀ°m-S-\w, ss]XrIw/inev]-`w-Kn, kmwkv¡m-cn-Iw, Btcm-Kyw, h\y-Pohn

{Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Sqdnkw hIp- v, Un.-än.-]n.-kn. Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

2hnt\mZ k©m-cn-I-fpsS kµÀi\w, kok¬ þ (B-`y-´-chpw hntZ-i-hpw) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Sqdnkw hIp- v, Un.-än.-]n.-kn.,

Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\w Ignª 4 hÀjw

3 hnt\mZ k©m-cn-I-fpsS kµÀi\ thf þ (B- y- -chpw hntZ-i-hpw) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Sqdnkw hIp- v, Un.-än.-]n.-kn., Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\w Ignª 4 hÀjw

4 hnt\mZ k©m-c¯nÂ \n¶pÅ hcp-am\w {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Sqdnkw hIp- v, Un.-än.-]n.-kn., Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\w Ignª 4 hÀjw

5

hnt\mZ k©m-c taJ-e-bnse ]Ým-¯e kuI-cy-§Ä þ Xmak kuIcyw (tlm-«Â, tam«Â, dntkmÀ«v, hoSp-I-fnse Xma-kw, lukvt_m«v apX-em-b-h), C³^Àta-j³ skâÀ, slÂ¯v dntkmÀ«v, t_m«nwKv kuIcyw, SqÀ Hm -td-j³

{Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Sqdnkw hIp- v, Un.-än.-]n.-kn., Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\w Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

6 Ct¡m Sqdnkw {]tZiw {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Sqdnkw hIp- v, Un.-än.-]n.-kn., Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\w Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

7 tZim-´c ]£n-I-fpsS Xmh-f-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Sqdnkw hIp- v, Un.-än.-]n.-kn., Xt±i kzbw `cW Øm]\w Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

8 hnt\mZ k©mc kÀIyq-«p-IÄ PnÃ Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

9 kvt]mÀ«vkv ]cn-io-e\ tI{µ§-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän kmbv (SAI), kvt]mÀ«vkv Iu¬knÂ Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

10 ]cn-io-e\w e`n¨hÀ¡p e`n¨ A´ÀtZ-iob AwKo-Imcw {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän kmbv (SAI), kvt]mÀ«vkv Iu¬knÂ Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

11 tÌUnbw kuI-cy-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän kmbv (SAI), kvt]mÀ«vkv Iu¬knÂ

Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

12 bph-P\ {]hÀ¯\§-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän s\lvdp bph tI{µw Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

13 ]Ým- e kuI-cy-§-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Sqdnkw hIp- v, Un.-än.-]n.-kn., Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\w Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

14 _Ô-s¸« GP³kn-I-fpsS enÌv {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Sqdnkw hIp- v, Un.-än.-]n.-kn., Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\w Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

15\S-¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶Xpw Gsä-Sp- -Xp-amb t{]mP-IvSpI-fp-sSbpw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-sSbpw enÌv (I-h-tdPv kln-Xw) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Sqdnkw hIp- v, Un.-än.-]n.-kn.,

Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\w Gähpw ]pXn-bXv

17 am\-h-tijn

1 BsI P\-kw-Jy, P\-km-{µ-X, P\-kwJym hfÀ¨m- \n-c¡v PnÃ/ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / hmÀUvXew sk³kkv Ignª 4 hÀjw

2Ignª aq¶p Zim-_vZ§fnse P\-kw-Jy, `mhn-bnse P\-kwJy (s{]m-P-Ivj³) PnÃ/ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / hmÀUvXew sk³kkv Ignª 4 hÀjw

3P\-kw-Jy-bpsS hnX-cWw ({Km-a-§-fnepw \K-c-§-fnepw þ kv{Xoþ-]p-cp-j-·mÀ Xncn- v) PnÃ/ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / hmÀUvXew sk³kkv Ignª 4 hÀjw

4 kv{Xoþ-]p-cpj A\p-]mXw PnÃ/ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / hmÀUvXew sk³kkv Ignª 4 hÀjw

5 km£-cX PnÃ/ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / hmÀUvXew sk³kkv Ignª 4 hÀjw

6 IpSn-tbäw PnÃ/ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / hmÀUvXew sk³kkv Ignª 4 hÀjw

7 sXmgnÂ]-c-amb LS\ PnÃ/ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / hmÀUvXew sk³kkv Ignª 4 hÀjw

8 `qan-im-kv{X-]-c-amb hnkvXoÀWw PnÃ/ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / hmÀUvXew sk³kkv Ignª 4 hÀjw

9 ]mÀ¸nShpw IpSpw-_-§fpw PnÃ/ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / hmÀUvXew sk³kkv Ignª 4 hÀjw

10 sXmgnÂ]-c-amb hni-Zmw-i-§Ä PnÃ/ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / hmÀUvXew sk³kkv Ignª 4 hÀjw

11 s]mXp-ta-Je/kzImcy taJ-e-bnse sXmgnÂ PnÃ/ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / hmÀUvXew Fwt¹m-bvsaâv FIvkvtN©v Ignª 4 hÀjw

12Fwt¹m-bvsaâv FIvkvtN©nsâ ssehv cPn-Ì-dnse At]-£-I-cpsS F®w PnÃ/ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / hmÀUvXew Fwt¹m-bvsaâv FIvkvtN©v Ignª 4 hÀjw

18

[\-]cw (_m-¦nw-Kv, [\-]-cw) kw -c-Ww, shbÀlu-knwKv

1 _m¦p-IÄ, ImÀjnI s{IUnäv kwL-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän PnÃm eoUv _m¦v Ignª 4 hÀjw

2 amÀ¡-äp-IÄ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän PnÃm eoUv _m¦v Ignª 4 hÀjw3 Irjn-a³Un-IÄ {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän PnÃm eoUv _m¦v Ignª 4 hÀjw4 BgvN-N-´-IÄ, taf-IÄ apX-em-bh {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän PnÃm eoUv _m¦v Ignª 4 hÀjw

5ImÀjnI Dev]-¶-§Ä (]p-d-t¯¡p t]mIp-¶Xpw AIt¯¡p hcp-¶-Xpw) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän PnÃm eoUv _m¦v Ignª 4 hÀjw

6 ap³K-W\m taJ-e-bnse hmbv]m-hn-X-cWw (hn- mKw A\p-k-cn- v) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän PnÃm eoUv _m¦v Ignª 4 hÀjw7 _m¦p-I-fpsS tkh\ {]tZiw (service Area) {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän PnÃm eoUv _m¦v Ignª 4 hÀjw

8{]mY-anI taJ-e-bnse {][m\ cwK-§-fnÂ _m¦p \ÂIp¶ hmbv]-bpsS tXmXv {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän PnÃm eoUv _m¦v Ignª 4 hÀjw

9 PnÃm s{IUnäv ¹m³ A\p-k-cn¨v taJe Xncn-¨pÅ t\«-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän PnÃm eoUv _m¦v Ignª 4 hÀjw10 _m¦p-I-fpsS ØnXn hnhcw t»m¡v Xncn¨v {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän PnÃm eoUv _m¦v Ignª 4 hÀjw

11 Fkv.-sP.Fkv.-BÀ.ssh t\«-§Ä {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän PnÃm eoUv _m¦v Ignª 4 hÀjw12 Fkv.-Pn.-F-kv.-ssh, ]n.-Fw.-BÀ.ssh Ch-bpsS {]hÀ¯\an-Ihv {Kma ]©m-b¯v / ap\n-kn- m-enän PnÃm eoUv _m¦v Ignª 4 hÀjw

A\p-_Ôw XI

{]mtZinI hnIk\ cq]-tcJbpsS DÅS¡w(JWvUnI 5.9 ImWpI)

............................ {Kma ]©m-b- v / ap\n-kn- m-en-än-/ tImÀ -td-j³ hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ

LSIw þ FhnI-k\ ]cnt{]£yw

`mKw I : \nehnepff kmlNcy§Ä, hnI-k\hmZ-ap-J§Ä

A[ymbw 1 : `uXnIamb kz`mhhntij§fpw {]IrXn hn`h§fpwa) Øew, {]tZiw \nÀW-bn-¡Âb) ImemhØc) \nehnepÅ s]mXphmb `qhn\ntbmKwd) ]cnØnXn kw_Ôambn {]mapJyapÅ {]tZi§Äe) ss]XrI kw_Ôambn {]m[m\yapÅ Øm\§Ä, \nÀ½n-Xn-IÄ, {]tZi§Ä

A[ymbw 2 : P\kwJym kw_Ôwa) \nehnepÅ P\kwJy, IpSntbä coXn, IpSpw_]camb kz`mhhntij§Ä

A[ymbw 3 : km¼¯nI ASn¯dbpw sXmgnepwa) Hu]NmcnI taJe

i) {]mYanIw : Irjn, J\\w, IÃpsh«v, aÕy_Ô\w apXembhii) ZznXobw : hyhkmbw, hym]mcw, hmWnPyw apXembh.iii) {XnXobw : KXmKXw, aäp tkh\§Ä

b) A\u]NmcnI taJe, Zmcn{Zy \nÀ½mÀÖ\w, A\u]NmcnIamb hym]mcwþ hmWnPywþKXmKXw, IpSnÂ hyhkmb§Ä

A[ymbw 4 : hn`h§Äa) Irjnb) aÕy_Ô\wc) h\wd) I¶pImenIÄe) hyhkmbwf) \nIpXnIÄg) am\htijnh) `qan

A[ymbw 5 : KXmKXwa) KXmKX amÀK§Ä þ tdmUv, sdbnÂsh, thyma KXmKXw, PeKXmKXwb) tdmUpIÄ, sdbnÂth, Pe amÀK§Ä F¶nhbpsS irwJebpw {][m\ Øe§fpambpÅ ]ckv]c _Ôhpw.c) {Sm³kvt]mÀ«v sSÀan\Â


166

A[ymbw 6 : ]Ým¯e kuIcy§Äa) Pewb) DuÀÖwc) Agp¡pNmÂ, ipNnXzw, Jcamen\y ]cn]me\wd) hmÀ¯m hn\n-abwe) t]meokv kwc£Ww, Aán_m[bnÂ \n¶pw kwc£Wwf) ihkwkvImcw, ivaim\§Äg) hnZym`ymkwh) BtcmKy ]cn]me\wi) hn{iaw, hnt\mtZm]m[nIÄj) aX]cwþBcm[\m tI{µ§Ä

A[ymbw 7 : ]mÀ¸nS \nÀ½mWw, hmk Øe§Ä (Hu]NmcnIhpw A\u]NmcnIhpw)

A[ymbw 8 : Zpc´§Ä t]mepÅ {]tXyI {]iv\§Ä ({]IrXym kw`hn¡p¶Xpw a\pjycpsS CSs]SÂ aqew kw`hn¡p¶Xpw)

A[ymbw 9 : khntij {i² ]XntbWvS taJeIÄa) ]«nIPmXn, ]«nIhÀKwb) kv{XoIÄ, Ipªp§Äc) hr²À, imco-cn-Ihpw am\-kn-I-hp-amb shÃp-hnfn t\cn-Sp-¶-hÀ

A[ymbw 10 : hnIk\ amt\PvsaâvØm]\ kwhn[m\§Ä, \nba klmbw, hIp¸pIÄ X½nepÅ ]ckv]c klIcWw,

hnIk\ ]cn{ia§fpsS kwtbmP\w.

A[ymbw 11 : hnI-k\hmZ-ap-J§fpw Du¶Â \ÂtIWvS taJeIfpw


167

`mKw IIþ `mhnbnse Bhiy§Ä1. `mhnbnse Bhiy§Ä hnebncp¯pt¼mÄ (s{]mPIvj³) 15þ20 hÀjw ap¶nÂ ImWWw.

kwØm\¯nsâ ]©hÕc ]²XnIfpambn H¯ptNÀ¶pt]mIp¶ coXnbnÂ Chsb ]n¶oSv5 hÀjw hoXapÅ Ime-b-f-hp-IÄ¡mbn {]tXyIw X¿m-dm-¡Ww. hnIk\mhiy§Ä¡pÅ^WvSpIÄ ]©hÕc ]²XnIfneqsS hIbncp¯p¶Xn\mÂ, Øe]cmkq{XW]cn{ia§fpw km¼¯nImkq{XW {]bXv\§fpw kwtbmPn¸n¡m³ CXp klmbIamIpw.

2. ap³ A[ymb§fnÂ DÄs¸Sp¶Xpw C\n kqNn¸n¡p¶Xpamb FÃm hi§sfbpw kv]Àin¨psImWvSp thWw Bhiy§sf hnebncpt¯WvSXv :

a) P\kwJyb) km¼¯nI ASn¯dbpw sXmgnepwc) ]mÀ¸nS \nÀ½mWhpw hmkØe§fpwd) KXmKXwe) kuIcy§Äf) ]Ým¯e kuIcy§Äg) `qanbpsS BhiyIX (C\n kqNn¸n¡p¶hbv¡v)i) ]mÀ¸nS taJe

þ {][m\ambpw Xmak¯n\vþ Xmak¯n\pw aäv Bhiy§Ä¡pwþ Bkq{XnXtam Hu]NmcnItam AÃm¯ Xmak kuIcy§Ä

ii) hmWnPy]cwþ NnÃd hym]mcwþ s]mXphmb _nkn\Êv tI{µ§fpw hmWnPy tI{µ§fpwþ sam¯ hym]mcw, tKmUu¬, shbÀlukv, dKpteäUv amÀ¡äv

iii) Dev]mZ\]cwþ sNdpInS hyhkmbw (tkh\mhiy§fpw)þ hn]petam h³InStbm Bb hyhkmb§Äþ A]ISIchpw, aen\oIcWw krjvSn¡p¶Xpamb {]tXyIXcw hyhkmb§fpw cmkhyhkmb§fpw

iv) kÀ¡mÀ/AÀ[ kÀ¡mÀ kwcw`§Äþ kÀ¡mÀ/AÀ[kÀ¡mÀ/s]mXp sI«nS§Äþ kÀ¡mÀ `qan (D]tbmKw Xocpam\n¡msX)þ hnZym`ymkþKthjW Øm]\§Äþ BtcmKy Øm]\§Äþ kmaqlyþkmwkvImcnI Øm]-\-§Ä, aX Øm]\§Äþ D]tbmK§fpw tkh\§fpwþihkwkvImc Øe§Ä, ivaim\w

v) ]mÀ¡pIÄ, IfnØe§Ä, XpdÊmb Øe§Äþ IfnØew/tÌUnbw/kvt]mÀ«vkv tImw¹Ivkvþ ]mÀ¡pIfpw ]qt´m«§fpw þ XpdÊmb s]mXp Øe§Ä


168

þ hnt\mtZm]m[nIÄ¡pÅ \nb{´nXhpw XpdÊmbXpamb Øe§Äþ ]eXcw Bhiy§Ä¡v D]tbmKn¡mhp¶ XpdÊmb Øe§Ä (ssaXm\w)

vi) KXmKXhpw hmÀ¯mhn\nabhpwþ tdmUpIÄþ sdbnÂthþ hnam\¯mhfwþ XpdapJ§fpw tUm¡vbmÀUpIfpwþ _kvUnt¸m/{S¡v sSÀan\Â/Nc¡p KXmKX kap¨b§Äþ {]t£]Whpw hmÀ¯m hn\nabhpw

vii) {]tXyI taJeIÄþ ]pcmX\ \nÀ½nXnIfpÅ {][m\ {]tZi§Äþ ss]XrI kw_Ôhpw kwc£nXhpamb {]tZi§Äþ {]IrXncaWobamb {]tZi§Äþ {]IrXnt£m`w DWvSmIm\nSbpÅ {]tZi§Ä

viii) Irjnþ Irjnþ h\wþ tImgn hfÀ¯Â, ]ip hfÀ¯Âþ {KmaoW A[nhmk tI{µ§Äþ CjvSnI NqfIÄ, AXn\mbn Ifna®v FSp¡p¶ {]tZi§Ä

ix) Pemib§Äx) h¶pw t]mbpw Ccn¡p¶ P\§fpsS F®¯nÂ hÀ²\hpv hcp¯pIbpw, ]Ým¯e kuIcy§fpw aäp kuIcy§fpw GÀs¸Sp¯m³ \nÀ_ÔnXamIpIbpw sN¿p¶ hnt\mZ k©mcw, XnÀ°mS\w XpS§nb {]tXyI Xcw {]hÀ¯\§Ä.

`mKw IIIþ hnIk\¯nsâ Dt±ie£y§Ä\b]camb {][m\ {]iv\§Ä¡v A\pkrXambn hnIk\¯nsâ Dt±ie£y§Ä

NÀ¨ sN¿pI.

`mKw IVþ \b§fpw ap³KW\Ifpw\nehnepÅ kmlNcy§fpw, mhnbnse Bhiy§fpw \b]camb {][m\ Ah-ØIfpw,

hnIk\¯nsâ Dt±i e£y§fpw IW¡nseSp¯v C\n ]dbp¶ Hmtcm taJebnepw \bwcq]oIcn¡pI :

A[ymbw 1 : C\n kqNn¸n¡p¶h IqSn DÄs¸Sp¶ hn[¯nÂ km¼¯nI ASn¯dbpsS hnIk\hpw sXmgnehkc§Ä krjvSn¡epw.þ Hu]NmcnI taJeþ A\u]NmcnI taJeþ hnt\mZ k©mcw, XoÀ°mS\w F¶nh t]msebpÅ {]tXyI taJeIÄ


169

A[ymbw 2 : taJem kw_Ôamb \b§Äa) Irjnb) aÕy_Ô\wc) h\wd) arK-kw-c-£Wwe) hyhkmbw

A[ymbw 3 : ]Ým¯e kuIcy hnIk\wþ PehnXcWw, sshZypXn, Agp¡pNmÂ, Pe \nÀKa\w, amen\y ]cn]me\w XpS§nb Bhiy§Äþ hnZym`ymkw, BtcmKyw, hnt\mZw F¶nhbv¡pÅ kuIcy§Äþ hmÀ¯mhn\nabw (X]mÂ, sSent^m¬), kwc£Ww (t]meokv, Aán_m[) F¶n§s\bpÅ tkh\§Ä

A[ymbw 4 : ]mÀ¸nSw, Xmak kuIcyw

A[ymbw 5 : KXmKXw

A[ymbw 6 : ]cnØnXn kwc£Ww

A[ymbw 7 : Øe]chnIk\wXmsg ]dbp¶ hkvXpXIfmWv Cu A[ymb¯nÂ NÀ¨ sNt¿WvSXv : þþ C\n Ahew_nt¡WvS `qhn\ntbmK¯nsâ kmam-\y-cq]w (A[nhmk tI{µ§fpsS hfÀ¨bpw Znibpw LSI§fpw -þhmWnPy]cw, hyhkmbnImhiyw, ]mÀ¸nS kw_Ôw, XpdÊmb Øewþ IW-¡n-se-Sp-¯v)þ tdmUpIfpsS irwJeþ {][m\ {]hÀ¯\ tI{µ§Äþ ]cnØnXn kw_Ôambn {]mapJyapÅ {]tZi§fpsSbpw, Ncn{X {]kn² Øe§fpsSbpw kvamcI§fpsSbpw, hnt\mZ k©mc tI{µ§fpsSbpw kwc£Wwþ Øe]camb hnIk\¯nsâ L«§Ä \nÝbn¡Â

A[ymbw 8 : \nÀhlWw, tamWn«dnwKvþ ap³KW\IÄþ tamWn«dnwKv kwhn[m\§Ä

A[ymbw 9 : tijn BÀÖn¡ÂC\n kqNn¸n¡p¶hbpambn _Ôs¸« tijn BÀÖn¡Âþ [\-]cwþ am\htijnþ {]IrXn hn`h§Ä kamlcn¡Â


170

LSIw þ _n\nÀhlW cq]-tcJ

I. ImgvN¸mSpw ap³KW\bpw

II. `mhnbnse Bhiy§Ä1. `mhnbnÂ 5 hÀj¡met¯¡pÅ Bhiy§Ä hnebncp¯pIbpw ]n¶oSv Ahsb

Hmtcm hÀjt¯¡p hoXw L«w L«§fmbn hn`Pn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. CXv hmÀjnIcq]-tcJIfpw _Päpw X¿mdm¡m³ klmbIamWv.

2. hnI-k\ ]cnt{]£y¯nsâ `mKw I Â DÄs¸Sp¶ FÃm hkvXpXIfpw `mhnbnseBhiy§Ä hnebncp¯pt¼mÄ ]cnKWnt¡WvSXmWv.III. hnIk\ \nÀ±i§Ä

1. Bkq{XW LSI§fpsS {Ia¯¡pdn¨pÅ k¦ev]w. tdmUp irwJeIfpsSbpw hnhn[ {]hÀ¯\§Ä \S¡p¶ {][m\ tI{µ§fpsSbpw Øe]camb hnIk\w.2. s]mXphmb `qhn\ntbmK cq]-tcJ3. KXmKXþbm{Xm kuIcy cq]-tcJ4. Pe]cn]me\ cq]-tcJ5. CXc ]Ým¯e kuIcy§Ä¡mbpÅ cq]-tcJ6. taJem kw_Ôamb hnIk\ X{´§Ä

IV. hn`h kamlcWwa) [\ hn`h§fpsS kamlcW¯n\pÅ \nÀt±i§Ä C\n ]dbp¶hbpambn _Ôs¸«ncn¡p¶p:

þ {Kmâvþ klmbwþ B`y´c hcpam\w (`q\nIpXn, \nIpXntbXc t{kmXkv, aäp hcpam\w)þ [\Imcy Øm]\§fnÂ \n¶pÅ hmbv].þ s]mXptaJem hmbv].

b) `qhn`h kamlcW¯n\pÅ \nÀt±i§fnÂ Ch DÄs¸Sp¶p:þ `qan GsäSp¡Âþ ]e XpWvSpIfmbpÅ `qan H¶n¨p tNÀ¡Âþ ssIamäw sN¿m-hp¶ hnIk\ AhImi§ÄþØ-e-ku-I-cy-§-fpsS \nb-{´Ww

c) am\h tijn kamlcn¡p¶Xn\pÅ \nÀt±i§fnÂ kmt¦-XnI am\-h-ti-jnbpw DÄs¸-Sp-¶p.

V. \nÀhlWwa) ap³KW\IÄ : IsWvS¯nb hnhn[ t{]mPIvSpIsf hnIk\ \nÀt±i§fpsS

`mKambn, Xmsg]dbp¶ ap³KW\IÄ A\pkcn¨v XcwXncnt¡WvSXmWv.þ Hgnhm¡m\mhm¯Xv (Gähpw DbÀ¶ ap³KW\)þ BhiyapÅXv (cWvSmas¯ ap³KW\)þ AwKoIcn¡mhp¶Xpw A`nImayhpw (aq¶mas¯ ap³KW\)þ amänhbv¡mhp¶h (\memas¯ ap³KW\)


171

b) L«-§Ä : Xmsg]dbp¶ cWvSp L«§fmbn hnIk\s¯ hn`Pn¡mhp¶XmWv.þ L«w 1 : hnIk\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡nb Xt±i A[nImcnIfpsS Imemh[n Xocpwhsc.þL«w 2: cq]-tc-J-bpsS Imebfhv Xocpwhsc (CSbvt¡m XpSÀt¶m sXcsªSp¡s¸«p

hcp¶ Xt±i A[nImcnIfmWv \S¸nemt¡WvSXv)a) t{]mPIvSpIfpw kvIoapIfpw IsWvS¯pIfbpw, kzImcy/klIcW/ tImÀ¸tdäv (corporate) taJeIfnse GP³knIfneqsS hnhn[ L«§fnembn \nÀhlWw \S¯pIbpw sN¿pI.d) hnIk\w t{]mÕmln¸n¡p¶ \nba§Ä/\nb{´W§Ä

VI. tamWn«dnwKv, AhtemI\waq¶p hÀjw IqSpt¼mÄ hnIk\ {]hÀ¯\§Ä hnebncp¯p¶Xn\mbn tamWn«dnwKv

kwhn[m\§Ä GÀs¸Spt¯WvSXmWv.X¿mdmt¡WvS `q]S§Ä(F) hnI-k\ ]cnt{]£yw

1. \bw2. `qhn\ntbmKw

(_n) \nÀhlW cq]-tcJ1. \nÀt±in¡p¶ `qhn\ntbmK¯nsâ kmam-\y-cq]w2. KXmKXþbm{XmkuIcy§Ä3. aäp ]Ým¯e kuIcy§Ä{]mtZinI hnIk\ cq]-tcJbpsS s]mXphmb DÅS¡amWv ChnsS ip]mÀi sNbvXXv.

\Kcþ{Kmamkq{XW hIp¸pambn BtemNn¨v Nne hniZmwi§Ä Hgnhm¡pItbm, aäp NneXvIq«nt¨À¡pItbm sN¿mhp¶XmWv.


172


A\p-_Ôw XII

kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbv¡m-bpÅ taJem hni-I-e-\wþhni-I-e\w sNt¿WvS Imcy-§Ä(Ch k¼qÀW-a-Ã; kqN-\-IÄ am{X-am-Wv)

(JWvUnI 8.3.1, Npa-Xe 30 ImWpI)

• Irjn-bn-S-§-fpsS hen¸w (hn-kvXoÀWhpw F®hpw)• Irjn`qan-bpsS sam¯w hnkvXoÀWw• hnf coXn (Hmtcm hnf-bp-sSbpw hnkvXoÀWw)• `£y hnf-I-fpsS hnkvXoÀWw (sam¯w Irjn- q-an-bpsS iX-am-\-am-bn)• \mWy-hn-f-I-fpsS hnkvXoÀWw (sam¯w Irjn- q-an-bpsS iX-am-\-am-bn)• AXypÂ¸m-Z\ tijn-bpÅ C\§Ä sam¯w hnkvXoÀ®-¯nsâ iX-am-\-ambn• Irjn-`q-an-bpsS Aä hnkvXoÀWw (sam¯w `qhn-kvXr-Xn-bpsS iX-am-\w)• Irjn-tbm-Ky-amb `qan• hn]-W\ kuI-cy-§Ä• \oÀ¯-S-§Äþ hni-Zmw-i-§Ä• {]Xn-ioÀj D]-t`mKw• ImÀjnI Dev]m-Z\£aX (sl-IvS-dn\v Dev]m-Z-\w)• ImÀjntIm-ev]m-Z-\- nsâ sam¯w aqeyw (sl-IvS-dn\v Dev]¶ aqeyw)• hfw {]tbmKw (sam¯w Irjn Øe- nsâ slIvSÀ hnkvXoÀW- n\v Intem{Kmw tXmXnÂ)• IoS-\m-in\n {]tbmKw (sam¯w Irjn Øe- nsâ slIvSÀ hnkvXoÀW- n\v In.{Kmw tXmXnÂ)• ImÀjnI Dev]-¶-§-fpsS hne (IÀjI sXmgn-em-fn-bpsS F®- n\v F¶ tXmXnÂ)• Hmtcm hnfbv¡pw D]-tbm-Kn¨ hfw (BsI D]-tbm-Kn¨ hf- nsâ iX-am\w F¶ tXmXnÂ)• sshZyp-Xo-I-cn¨ ]¼vsk-äp-I-fpsS F®w (Irjn`qan-bpsS Hcp e£w slIvSÀ Aä hnkvXoÀ®-

n\v F¶ tXmXnÂ)• Dev]-¶-§-fpsS {]mtZ-inI hne• km¼- nI Imcy-§Ä (sam¯w hmbv]m hnlnXw/ A\p-h-Zn¨ hmbv]/ hmbv]m k_vkn-

Un, ImÀjnI s{IUnäv kwL-§Ä, _m¦p-IÄ apX-em-b-h)• hn]-W\ Imcy-§Ä• sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS e`yX (sam¯w sXmgn-em-fn-I-fnÂ IÀjI sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS iX-am-\w)• kmt¦-XnI klm-bw, amÀK \nÀt±iw F¶n-h-bpsS e`yX (]-cn-io-e-\w, C³^Àta-j³ skÂ)• kaq-lw/kwLw ASn-Øm-\- n-epÅ {]hÀ -\-§-fpsS e`yX ({Kq v ^manw-Kv, Kmek

XpS-§n-b-h)• ]n´pW kuI-cy-§Ä (hn v _m¦v, hfw Unt¸m apX-em-b-h)• hnf kwc-£W ]ZmÀ°-§-fpsS hnX-cWw• ImÀjntIm-]-I-c-W-§-fpsS e`y-Xbpw ]cn-]m-e-\hpw• sNdp-InS IÀj-I-cnÂ KpW-t`m-àm-¡-fpsS BsI F®w• \ma-am{X IÀjI-cnÂ KpW-t`m-àm-¡-fpsS BsI F®w• IÀjI sXmgn-em-fn-I-fnÂ KpW-t`m-àm-¡-fpsS BsI F®w

1. ImÀjnI taJe

173


• Dev]-¶-§fpsS sshhn[y hÂ¡-cWw • aqeyhÀ[nX Dev]-¶-§Ä • b{´-hÂ¡-cWw • ssPh-þ-km-t¦-XnI hnZy (_-tbm-þ-sS-Ivt\m-f-Pn) • Pe-s¡mbv¯v (hm-«À lmÀsh-Ìnw-Kv) • k_vknUn • Xm§p-hne

2. Pe-tk-N\w • hmÀjnI hÀj-]mXw (a-g-bpsS e`y-X) • hnf- Xn-cn v, Pe-tk-N\w e`y-amb {]tZ-i- nsâ hnkvXoÀ®- nsâ iX-am\w • Pe-tk-N\w DÅ sam¯w hnkvXoÀWw (sam¯w Irjn `qan-bpsS iX-am-\-ambn) • InW-dp-IÄ D]-tbm-Kn¨v Pe-tk-N\w \S- p¶ {]tZ-i- nsâ hnkvXoÀWw • InW-dp-IÄ D]-tbm-Kn- pÅ Pe-tk-N-\- nsâ hnkvXoÀWw (Pe-tk-N-\-apÅ sam¯w

{]tZ-i- nsâ hnkvXoÀW- nsâ iX-am-\-ambn) • Pe-tk-N\w, t{kmXkv A\p-k-cn¨v (I-\mÂ, Nnd-IÄ, InWÀ, aäp t{kmX-kp-IÄ) • H¶n-tesd {]mhiyw PetkN\w \S- p¶ Øe- nsâ hnkvXoÀWw • \qX-\-amb Pe-tk-N\ coXn-IÄ

3. \oÀ¯S kwc-£-Ww • \oÀ¯S hnI-k-\-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« FÃm Imcy-§fpw

4. arK kwc-£-Ww, £oc hnI-k\w • ]pÃn-sâbpw Xoä- pÂIr-jn-bp-sSbpw hnkvXoÀWw (sam¯w Irjn- q-an-bpsS iX-am-\-am-bn) • hn]-W\ kuI-cy-§Ä • sam¯w I¶p-Im-en-IÄ • tImgn hfÀ¯Â {][m\ D]-Po-h-\-amÀK-ambn • I¶p-Im-en, tImgn F¶n-h-bnÂ \n¶pÅ Dev]-¶-§Ä ({]-Xn-ioÀj D]-t`m-Kw) • ]mep-ev]-¶-§Ä ({]-Xn-ioÀj D]-t`m-Kw) • I¶p-Im-en, tImgn F¶n-h-bnÂ \n¶pÅ Dev]-¶-§-fp-sSbpw ]mep-ev]-¶-§-fp-sSbpw

hn]-W\ kuIcyw • aäp kuI-cy-§-fpsS e`yX (ar-Km-ip-]-{Xn-IÄ, {]P-\\ tI{µ-§Ä, Ir{Xna _oP- k-¦-e\

tI{µ-§Ä) • £oc hnI-k\ cwKs¯ hnÚm\ hym]\ tkh-\-§Ä • KpW-\n-e-hmcw sa¨-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xn-\pÅ coXn-IÄ • Dev]¶ sshhn[yhÂ¡-cWw • aqey hÀ²nX Dev]-¶-§Ä • ipNnXz Imcy§Ä

5. aÕy-_-Ô\w • DÄ\m-S³-þ-Hm-cp-Pe aÕy-ta-Je • amÀ¡-äp-IÄ

174


• hn]-W\ kuI-cy-§Ä • kw`-cW kuI-cy-§Ä • kmt¦-XnI klm-bw, amÀK \nÀtZiw F¶n-h-bpsS e`yX (]-cn-io-e-\w, C³^Àta-j³

tI{µ-§Ä) • ipNnXz Imcy-§Ä • aÕy-_-Ô-\- n\v \nb-{ -W-§Ä

6. hyh-km-bw, kl-I-cWw • ASn-Øm\ kuI-cy-§-fpsS Bh-iy-IX • hyh-km-b-§-fpsS F®hpw hnX-c-Whpw Xcw-Xn-cn¨v (h³In-S, CS-¯-cw, sNdp-InS) • hyh-kmb§fpsS cq]-tcJ (aq-e-[\ \nt£-]w, sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS F®w, CÔ\ D]-

t`m-Kw, hkvXp-¡-fpsS/ Akw-kvIrX ]ZmÀ°-§-fpsS D]-t`m-Kw, Dev]-¶-§Ä, Dev]-¶-§-fpsS aqeyw, aqey-hÀ²-\, Aäm-Zmbw)

• [\-]-c-amb Imcy-§Ä (sam¯w hmbv]m hnlnXw/ hmbv]m A\p-a-Xn/ hmbv]m k_vkn-Un,s{IUnäv kwL-§Ä, _m¦p-IÄ, hntZi ae-bm-fn-IÄ, hntZi C´y-¡mÀ XpS-§n-b-h)

• kl-I-cW Øm]-\-§-fpsS F®hpw hnX-c-Whpw • kl-I-cW cwKs¯ FIvÌ³j³ tPmen-¡m-cpsS F®w • kmt¦-XnI klm-bw, amÀK \nÀtZiw F¶n-h-bpsS e`yX (]-cn-io-e-\w, C³^Àta-j³

tI{µ-§Ä) • _me-the DÄs¸-sS-bpÅ sXmgnÂ {]iv\-§Ä • Dev]¶ sshhn[y hÂ¡-cWw • aqey-hÀ²nX Dev]-¶-§Ä • hnhc kmt¦-XnI hnZy • ]cn-ØnXn kw_-Ô-amb \nb-{ -W-§Ä • sXmgnÂ \b-§Ä • k_vknUn

7. BtcmKyw • kuI-cy-§-fpsS F®hpw hnX-c-Whpw • {Kma {]tZ-i-§-fnse BtcmKy kuI-cy-§Ä • D¶X coXn-bn-epÅ kuI-cy-§-fpsS {]m]yX • ]IÀ¨ hym[n-IÄ, Ah s]m«n- p-d-s -Sm-Xn-cn-¡m-\pÅ \nb-{´W kwhn-[m-\-§Ä • am\-knImtcmKy Imcy-§Ä

8. IpSn-sh-Åw, ipNnXzw • IpSn-shÅ t{kmX-kp-IÄ • `qKÀ` Pe- nsâ e`yX • KmÀlnI Bh-iy-§Ä \nd-th-d-s¸-Sm-¯Xp sImWvSpÅ A]-cym-]vXX • kss¹-þ-Un-amâv {]h-W-X-IÄ • KmÀlnI IW-Ivj-\p-IÄ, t_mÀshÂ, Xpd¶ InWÀ F¶n-h-bpsS F®w • ip²-Pe e`yX CÃm¯ A[n-hmk tI{µ-§Ä • \Kc {]tZ-i-§-fnse Pe-hn-X-cWw • {Kma {]tZ-i-§-fnse Pe-hn-X-cWw (Ip-Sn-shÅw In«p¶ {Kma§fpsS iX-am-\w)

175


9. ]Ým-¯e kuI-cy-§Ä (tdm-Uv, sdbnÂth, DÄ\m-S³ Pe-]m-X-IÄ, ]me-§Ä, ]mÀ¸n-S-§Ä DÄs¸sS sI«n-S-§Ä) • tdmUnsâ ssZÀLyw, Xcw-Xn-cn¨v • Nc¡p\o¡w, Xcw-Xn-cn¨v • {]mtZ-inI tdmUv irwJ-e-bp-sS hnX-cWw • K-Xm-KX _Ôw CÃm¯ Øe-§Ä • tdmUv irwJ-e-bpsS km{µX (N.-In.-ao-ä-dn-\v, 1000 t]À¡v) • tdmUv hnhc¸«nI • sXc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸« tdmUp-I-fnse KXm-K-X-¯nsâ hym]vXn • KXm-K-X-¯nsâ hym]vXnbpw tdmUnsâ tijnbpw X½n-epÅ A\p-]mXw • tkh\ \ne-hmcw • hoSp-I-fpsS A`mhw • KXm-KX XS-Ê-§-fpÅ {]tZ-i-§-Ä • tdmUp-IÄ aptJ\ _Ô-s¸-«n-cn-¡p¶ A[n-hmk tI{µ-§Ä • {]mtZ-in-I-amb tdmUv _Ô-§Ä • _kv sSÀan-\Â, taPÀ Unt¸m, ssa\À Unt¸m • sdbnÂth tÌj-\p-I-fpsS F®hpw Øm\hpw • Hmtcm Znh-khpw Ib-dp-Ibpw Cd-§p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ bm{X-¡m-cpsS F®w • DÄ\m-S³ Pe-]m-X-I-fn-eq-sS-bpÅ t_m«p kÀho-kp-I-fpsS F®w • ]me-§-fpsS F®w • A[n-hmk tI{µ-§-fnte¡pw tkh\ tI{µ-§fnte¡pw DÅ {KmaoW tdmUp-I-Ä • s]mXp KXm-KX kwhn-[m-\-apÅ A[n-hmk tI{µ-§Ä • s]mXp KXm-KX kwhn-[m\ kuI-cy-§-fpÅ {Kma§Ä • KXm-KX \b-§Ä

10. h\w, ]cn-ØnXn • a®nsâ LS\ • h\-§-fpsS hnkvXoÀWw • `qan-bpsS DS-aØmh-Imiw (h\w hIp- v, Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-§Ä, kzImcy

Øm]\tam hyàn-tbm) • h\-§-fnÂ \n¶pÅ Dev]-¶-§Ä • h\-§-fpsS Xcw-Xn-cnhv • kmaqly h\-hÂ¡cWw • h\-hÂ¡-cW coXn-IÄ • ]cn-ØnXn {]iv\-§Ä

11. hnZym- ymkw • kvIqfp-I-fp-sSbpw tImtf-Pp-I-fp-sSbpw F®w, hnX-cWw • hnZymÀ°n-I-fp-sSbpw A[ym-]-I-cp-sSbpw F®w • sImgnªp t]mIp-¶-h-cpsS F®w • {Kma {]tZ-i-§-fnepÅ-h-cpsS D¶X hnZym-`ymk kuI-cy- km[yX

176


12. DuÀÖw • DuÀÖ t{kmX-kp-IÄ • ]mc-¼-tcy-Xc DuÀÖw • ]hÀ {Kn-Un\p ]pd- p-Å IW-Ivj³ • D]-t`mK coXn (KmÀln-Iw, hymh-km-bn-Iw, hmWn-Py-]cw apX-em-b-h) • {]Xn-ioÀj D]-t`mKw • {KmaoW sshZyp-Xo-I-cWw

13. kmaq-ly-t£aw (kv{XoIÄ, Ipªp-§Ä, hr² P\-§Ä F¶n-h-cp-sS hnIk\w) • kmaqly kpc-£n-XXzw • kv{XoI-fpsS kzbw-k-lmb kwL-§-fpsS F®hpw hnX-c-Whpw • kv{XoIÄ¡pw Ipªp-§Ä¡pw thWvSn -bpÅ t£a kuI-cy -§-fp -sSbpw

Øm]-\-§-fp-sSbpw F®hpw hnX-c-Whpw • {]tXyI hnZym-`ymk Øm]-\-§-fpsS F®w • hr²-P-\-§Ä¡m-bpÅ tI{µ-§-fpsS F®w

14. Zmcn{Zy \nÀ½mÀÖ-\w, {Kma hnI-k\w • D]-Po-h\ amÀK-§Ä krjvSn-¡m-\pÅ {]tXyI ]cn-]m-Sn-IÄ • {KmaoW kmaqly aqe-[\ irwJe

15. ]«n-I-PmXn / ]«n-I-hÀK hnI-k\w • D]-Po-h\ amÀK-§Ä krjvSn-¡m-\pÅ {]tXyI ]cn-]m-Sn-IÄ • ]«n-I-PmXn/]«nI hÀK hn`m-K-§Ä¡m-bpÅ Øm]-\-§-fpsS F®hpw hnX-c-Whpw

(kvIqÄ, sse{_-dn, tlmÌÂ, t£a tI{µ-§Ä, {Im^vSv skâÀ apX-em-b-h)

16. hnt\mZ k©m-cw, kwkv¡m-cw, Ie, Imbn-Iw, bph-P-\-Imcyw • hnt\mZ k©m-c-¯n-\pÅ ]Ým-¯e kuIcy-§Ä • hnt\mZ k©mc tI{µ-§-fp-sSbpw ss]XrI ]cn-k-c-§-fp-sS-bpw -F-®hpw hnX-c-Whpw • hnt\mZ k©m-cn-I-fpsS kµÀi-\-Im-ewþ kok¬ (B-`y-´-chpw hntZ-i-hpw) • Ie-þ-kw-kv¡m-cw-þ-Im-bnIw F¶n-h-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸« kuI-cy-§-fpsS F®hpw hnX-c-Whpw • Iem-þkmwkv¡m-cnI-þImbnI ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fpsS F®w, hÀj- nÂ • ImbnI (]-cn-io-e-\) Iym¼p-I-fpsS F®w, hÀj- nÂ • bph-P-\-§Ä¡m-bpÅ {]tXyI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw Øm]-\-§-fpw

17. am\-h-tijn hnI-k\w P\-kwJym kw_Ôw • P\-kw-Jybpw hnX-c-Whpw • P\-kwJym hfÀ -bnse {]h-WX • P\-km-{µX • kv{Xoþ-]p-cpj A\p-]mXw • km£-cX • ]«n-I-Pm-Xn-þ-]-«nI hÀK-¡m-cpsS P\-kw-Jy, sam¯w P\-kw-Jy-bpsS iX-am-\-ambn • Zmcn-{Zy-tc-Jbv¡p Xmsg-bp-Å-h-cpsS F®w

177

hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡Â • sXmgnÂ ]¦m-fn¯ \nc¡v • P\-kwJym hnX-cWw {Kma {]tZ-i-§-fnepw \Kc {]tZ-i-§-fnepw • A[n-hmk tI{µ-§-fpsS hen¸ sNdp¸w • am\h hnI-k\ kqNnI • sXmgnÂ / sXmgn-en-Ãmbva

18. [\-Imcyw (_m-¦nw-Kv, kw -c-Ww, shbÀ luknw-Kv) • _m¦p-I-fpsS F®hpw hnX-c-Whpw • hmÀjnI s{IUnäv ¹m\nsâ taJe Xncn- pÅ {]hÀ¯\ anIhv • kw`-cW tI{µ-§-fp-sSbpw shbÀlu-kp-I-fp-sSbpw F®hpw hnX-c-Whpw • {KmaoW _m¦nwKv kuI-cy-§Ä • {KmaoW hmbv]m kuI-cy-§Ä • kmt¦-XnI klm-b-§-fp-sSbpw amÀK \nÀtZ-i-§-fp-sSbpw e`yX (]-cn-io-e-\w,

C³^Àtaj³ tI{µ-§Ä) • ap\n-kn- Â [\-Imcyw (h-chpw sNe-hpw)

178


A\p-_Ôw XIII

kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJbpsS DÅ-S¡w(JWvUnI 8.8 ImWpI)

LSIw þ F

hnI-k\ ]cn-t{]£ywþ 20 hÀjw

I. \ne-hn-epÅ ØnXnbpw hnI-k\mh-ØIfpw

A[ym-b-§Ä1. {]mcw`w 1 Øm\w 2 Ncn{Xw 3 Imem-hØ2. P\-kwJy 1 P\-kw-Jyþ F®hpw hnX-c-Whpw 2 P\-kwJym hfÀ¨bpsS {]h-W-X-IÄ 3 P\-km-{µX 4 kv{Xoþ-]p-cpj A\p-]mXw 5 km£-cXm \nc¡v 6 ]«nI PmXn/ ]«nI hÀK P\-kw-Jy, sam¯w P\-kw-Jy-bpsS iX-am-\-ambn 7 Zmcn-{Zy-tc-Jbv¡p Xmsg-bp-Å-h-cpsS P\-kwJy 8 sXmgnÂ ]¦m-fn¯ \nc¡v 9 P\-kw-Jy-bpsS hnX-cWw {Kma§fnepw \K-c-§-fnepw 10 A[n-hmk tI{µ-§-fpsS {]hÀ¯\]c-amb hen¸s¨dp¸w 11 a\pjy hnI-k\ kqNnI 12 sXmgnÂ / sXmgn-en-Ãmbva3. ssPh-þ- u-XnI ]cn-ØnXn4. Irjn5. aÕy-_-Ô\w6. arK-kw-c-£Ww7. h\w8. J\\w9. hyh-kmbw10. KXm-K-Xw11. Pew12. BtcmKyw13. hnZym- ymkw

179


14 DuÀÖw, hmÀ¯m hn\n-abw 15 [\-Imcyw 16 kmaq-ly-t£aw 17 hnt\mZ k©mcw

II. hnI-k\hmZ-ap-J§-fpsS ka-\zbw 1. {]iv\-§fpw km[y-X-Ifpw 2. Du¶Â \ÂtIWvS taJe IsWvS- Â 3. Bkq{XW k¦-ev]-§Ä

III. hnI-k-\ ImgvN-¸mSpw \b-§fpw 1 ImgvN-¸mSv Bhn-jv¡-cn-¡Â 2 `mhn-bnse P\-kwJybpw sXmgn-em-fn-Ifpw (s{]m-P-Ivj³) 3 s]mXp-hmb \b-§fpw ap³K-W-\-Ifpw 4 A[n-hmk tI{µ-§fpsS coXn-Ifpw {]hÀ¯-\hpw 5 ssPh-þ- u-XnI ]cn-Øn-Xnbpw {]IrXn hn -h-§-fpsS A\p-tbmPy-amb ]c-am-h[n

D]-tbm-Khpw 6. taJem kw_-Ô-amb \b-§Ä

a) Irjnb) aÕy-_-Ô\wc) arKkwc-£Wwd) h\we) hyh-kmbwf) KXm-KXwg) Pewh) BtcmKywi) hnZym- ymkwj) DuÀÖwk) [\-Imcywl) kmaqly t£awm) hnt\mZk©mcw

180


LSIw þ _n\nÀh-lW cq]-tcJ

I. kwtbm-PnX hnI-k-\- n-\pÅ X{ -§Ä

II. ^WvSp hI-bn-cp¯p-¶-Xnse Ak-aXzw CÃm-Xm¡n \ymb-bp-à-am-¡Â

III. taJem kw_-Ô-amb hnI-k\ X{ -§Äa) Irjnb) aÕy-_-Ô\wc) arK-kw-c-£Wwd) h\we) hyh-kmbwf) KXm-KXwg) Pewh) BtcmKywi) hnZym-`ymkwj) DuÀÖwk) [\-Imcywl) kmaq-ly-t£awm) hnt\m-Z-k-©mcw

IV. hn`h kam-l-cWw 1) [\ kam-l-c-W- n-\v, C\n ]d-bp-¶h DÄs -sS, \nÀtZ-i-§Ä- þ {Kmâv- þ klmbw- þ B`y- c hcp-am\w (`q-\n-Ip-Xn, \nIp-Xn-tb-Xc t{kmX-kv, aäv hcp-am-\w)- þ [\-Imcy Øm]-\-§-fnÂ \n¶pÅ hmbv]- þ hn]-Wn-bnÂ \n¶pÅ hmbv]- þ kzImcy taJ-e-bnÂ \n¶pÅ [\-k-am-l-cWw 2) `qhn`-h-§Ä kam-l-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ \nÀtZ-i-§Ä, Xmsg ]d-bp-¶h DÄs¸sS- þ `qan Gsä-Sp-¡Â- þ ]e XpWvSp-I-fm-bpÅ `qan H¶n¨p tNÀ¡Â- þ ssIamäw sN¿m-hp¶ hnI-k\ Ah-Im-i-§Ä- þ Øe kuI-cy-§-fpsS \nb-{´-Ww 3) am\h tijn kam-l-cn-¡p¶Xn\pÅ \nÀtZ-i-§fnÂ kmt¦XnI am\h tijnbpw DÄs¸-Sp¶p

181


V. \nÀh-lWwa) ap³K-W-\-IÄ : IsWvS- nb hnhn[ t{]mP-IvSp-I-sf, hnI-k\ \nÀtZ-i-§-fpsS `mK-am-bn, C\n ]d-bp¶ ap³K-W-\-IÄ A\p-k-cn¨v Xcw-Xn-cn-t¡-WvS-Xm-Wv. 1) Hgn-hm-¡m-\m-hm- Xv (G-ähpw DbÀ¶ ap³K-W-\) 2) Bh-iy-ap-ÅXv (c-WvSm-as¯ ap³K-W-\) 3) AwKo-I-cn-¡m-hp-¶-Xv, A`n-Imayw (aq-¶m-as¯ ap³K-W-\) 4) amän hbv¡m-hp-¶Xv (\m-em-as¯ ap³K-W-\)b) L«-§Ä : Xmsg ]d-bp¶ cWvSp L«-§-fmbn hnI-k\s¯ hn`-Pn-¡m-hp-¶-XmWv 1) L«w 1 : hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡nb Xt±i A[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS Imem-h[n Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶Xp hsc 2) L«w 2: cq]-tc-J-bpsS Ime-b-fhv Xocpw-hsc (C-S-bvt¡m, XpSÀt¶m sXc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸«p

hcp¶ Xt±i A[n-Im-cn-I-fmWv \S- n-em-t¡-WvS-Xv)b) t{]mP-IvSp-IÄ/ kvIoap-IÄ IsWvS- p-I-bpw, kzIm-cy/kl-I-cW/tImÀ -tdäv taJ-e-I-fnse GP³kn-I-fn-eqsS hnhn[ L«-§-fn-embn \nÀh-lWw \S- p-Ibpw sN¿pIb) hnI-k-\- n\v t{]mÕm-l\w \ÂIp¶ \nb-a-§Ä/ \nb-{ -W-§Ä

182


A\p-_Ôw XIV

{]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tc-Jbpw kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tc-JbpwX¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ {]hÀ -\-§Ä þ XpSÀ -bmb {Ia- nÂ

I. {]mtZ-inI Xe hnh-c-ti-J-c-Whpw kam-l-c-Whpw

4.3.0 {]mcw` {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä4.3.1 IUkv{SÂ `q]-S-§Ä tiJ-cn-¡Â4.3.2 Pn.-]n.-F-kv.-kÀth4.3.3 UnPn-ssäkv sNbvX `q]-S-§Ä X¿m-dm-¡Â4.3.4 km[\ kma-{Kn-IÄ tiJ-cn-¡Â4.3.5 F©n-\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn-\n-Isf sXc-sª-Sp-¡Â4.3.6 kÀth-bÀ s{Sbn-\n-Isf sXc-sª-Sp-¡Â

4.4.0 hnhc tiJ-cWw4.4.1 {]mY-anI hnhc tiJ-cWw (A-\p-_Ôw I apXÂ IV hsc)

Npa-Xe 1: kmaq-ly-þ-km-¼- nI kÀth (A-\p-_Ôw I)Npa-Xe 2: `uXnI kÀth (A-\p-_Ôw II)Npa-Xe 3: {Sm^n-Iv-þ-{Sm³kvt]mÀt«-j³ hnh-c-þ-ti-J-cWw (A-\p-_Ôw III)Npa-Xe 4: ]cn-Øn-Xn-þ-ss]-XrI kÀth (A-\p-_Ôw IV A, IV B)

4.4.2 ZznXob hnhc tiJ-cWw ZznXob hnhc tiJ-cWw \S- p-¶Xv F©n-\o-b-dnwKv s{Sbn-\n-am-cmWv

Npa-Xe 5: {]mtZ-inI Xe ZznXob hnhc tiJ-cWw (A-\p-_Ôw VIII)Npa-Xe 6: aäp ZznXob hnh-c-§Ä tiJ-cn-¡Â

4.5.0 hnhc kaml-cWw4.5.1 {]mY-anI hnhc kam-l-cWw

Npa-Xe 7: `uXnI kÀth hnh-c-§-fpsS kam-l-cWwNpa-Xe 8: `qhn-\n-tbm-Kw, {Sm^n-Iv-þ-{Sm³kvt]mÀt«-j³, ]cn-Øn-Xnþss]XrIw F¶o

hnh-c-§Ä ssIam-dp¶pNpa-Xe 9: kmaq-ly-þ-km-¼-¯nI kÀth hnhc§fpsS kam-l-cWwNpa-Xe 10: kmaq-ly-þ-km-¼- nI kÀth hnh-c-§Ä kn.-Un.-bn-em¡n ssIam-dp¶p

{]hÀ¯\w 2 þ PnÃm Su¬ ¹m\À ]cn-tim-[n-¡p¶p{]hÀ¯\w 3 þ Umäm amÌÀ tS_nÄ X¿m-dm-¡p¶p

4.5.2 ZznXob hnhc kam-l-cWwNpa-Xe 11: hnI-k\tcJ, \oÀ -Sm-[n-jvTnX amÌÀ ¹m\nsâ t»m¡p-Xe Ah-tem-I\

dnt¸mÀ«v F¶n-h-bnse hnh-c-§Ä t{ImUo-I-cn-¡p-¶p.Npa-Xe 12:IsWvS-¯nb {]iv\-§-fpsS eLp-Kp-cpXz ]«nI X¿m-dm-¡p¶pNpa-Xe 13:km[y-Xm -\n-e-hmc ]«nI X¿m-dm-¡p¶pNpa-Xe 14: ]²Xn tcJ-bnse hnh-c-§Ä t{ImUo-I-cn-¡p¶pNpa-Xe 15: {]mtZ-inIXe hnh-c-§-fpsS dnt¸mÀ«pw ZznXob hnh-c-§fpw kaÀ¸n-¡p¶p

183


II. taJem kw_-Ô-amb hnh-c-ti-J-c-Whpw kam-l-c-Whpw (PnÃmXew)

7.2.0 hnhc tiJ-c-Whpw kam-l-c-WhpwNpa-Xe 16: taJem hni-I-e-\- n\v hnhc tiJ-cWw

hnhn[ hIp- p-I-fnÂ \n¶v taJem kw_-Ô-amb hnh-c-§Ä (A-\p-_Ôw X)\S-¶p-sIm-WvSn-cn-¡p¶ t{]mP-IvSp-I-fp-sSbpw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-sSbpw hnh-c-§Äap³hÀjs¯ ]²Xn tcJ-IÄPnÃmXe- nÂ tÌ¡vtlmÄUÀam-cp-am-bpÅ NÀ -I-fpsS hnh-c-§Ä

Npa-Xe 17: taJem Umäm _p¡v kaÀ¸n-¡p¶pNpa-Xe 18: Øe-]c hni-I-e-\- n\p thWvSnbpÅ hnhc tiJ-cWw? ? ? PnÃm Bkq-{XW kanXn X¿m-dm-¡nb PnÃm ]²Xn? ? ? `qhn-\n-tbmK hnh-c-§Ä? ? ? sk³kkv hnh-c-§Ä? ? ? doPn-b³ Xe- n-epÅ hnh-c-§Ä, {]tZiw \nÀW-bn-¡Â, {Sm^n-Iv-þ-

{Sm³kvt]mÀt«-j³ hnhcw apX-em-bh? ? ? taJem kw_-Ô-amb hnh-c-§Ä? ? ? {]mtZ-inIXe hnh-c-§Ä? ? ? \S-¶p-sIm-WvSn-cn-¡p¶Xpw Gsä-Sp- -Xp-amb t{]mP-IvSp-Ifpw ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw

7.3.0 PnÃm Umäm amÌÀ tS_nÄ X¿m-dm-¡Â

7.4.0 PnÃ-bpsS ASn-Øm\ `q]Sw X¿m-dm-¡Â

III. {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tc-Jbv¡p thWvSn-bpÅ hnhc hni-I-e\w

5.3.0 hnhc hni-I-e\w

{]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn\v cWvSp-Xcw hni-I-e-\-§Ä \S-¯p-¶pþØe-]c hni-I-e-\w, {]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e-\w.

5.3.1 Øe-]c hni-I-e\w (A-\p-_Ôw IX)5.3.2 {]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e\w

Npa-Xe 19: Ignª 10 hÀj- n-\Iw {]tZ-i v DWvSmb t\«-§-fnÂ Gähpw {][m-\-s -«-h-bpsS ]T-\hpw hni-I-e-\hpw

Npa-Xe 20: \oÀ¯S hnI-k-\-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« {]hÀ -\-§ÄNpa-Xe 21: {]iv\§-fp-sSbpw km[y-X-I-fp-sSbpw ap³K-W\ \nÝ-bn-¡ÂNpa-Xe 22: hnh-c-§Ä hni-I-e\w sN¿p-Ibpw q]-S- nÂ tcJ-s -Sp- p-Ibpw sN¿p¶pNpa-Xe 23: Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\- nsâ km¼- nI ASn- -d-bpsS ]T-\hpw

hni-I-e-\hpwNpa-Xe 24: Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\ {]tZ-i¯v {]tXyI sshZ-Kv²y-apÅ

hnj-b-§-fp-sWvS-¦nÂ AXnsâ ]T-\hpw hni-I-e-\hpwNpa-Xe 25: {][m\ Ih-e-I-fpsS kzm[o\ taJ-e-IÄ IsWvS- ÂNpa-Xe 26: dnt¸mÀ«v X¿m-dm-¡epw Ah-X-c-WhpwNpa-Xe 27: {]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e\ dnt¸mÀ«nsâ IcSv kaÀ¸n-¡Â

184


IV. kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tc-Jbv¡p thWvSn-bpÅ hnhc hni-I-e\w

8.3.0 hnhc hni-I-e\w

cWvSp-`m-K-am-bmWv hnhc hni-I-e\w \S-¯p-¶-Xv. \K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XW hIp-¸mWvHcp `mKw sN¿p-¶-Xv, aäXv kvs]jyÂ sSIv\n-¡Â AssUz-kdn {Kq¸pI-fpsS k_v{Kq¸pI-fmWv \nÀh-ln-¡p-I.

8.3.1 taJem hni-I-e\wNpa-Xe 28: PnÃm ]²-Xn-bpsS Ah-tem-I\wNpa-Xe 29: taJebpsS ap³Ime hnI-k\ {]h-W-X-I-fpsS ]T\wNpa-Xe 30: \ne-hnse ØnXn-hn-ti-j- nsâ hni-I-e\w (A-\p-_Ôw XII)Npa-Xe 31: {]iv\-§fpw km[y-X-Ifpw IsWvS- p-Ibpw ap³K-W\ \nÝ-bn-¡p-Ibpw

sN¿pINpa-Xe 32: _Ô-s¸« GP³kn-I-fpsS {]hÀ¯\wNpa-Xe 33: \S-¶p-sIm-WvSn-cn-¡p-¶Xpw Gsä-Sp-¯-Xp-amb PnÃm-Xe t{]mP-IvSp

-I-fp-sSbpw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-sSbpw aqey \nÀWbwNpa-Xe 34: Øm\ \nÀW-b-t¯msS hnI-k\ \nÀtZ-i-§Ä cq]o-I-cn-¡ÂNpa-Xe 35: `mhn-bnse hnI-k\ {]h-W-X-IÄNpa-Xe 36: taJem hni-I-e\ dnt¸mÀ«v kaÀ¸n-¡Â

8.3.2 Øe-]c hni-I-e\w (A-\p-_Ôw IX) 1 PnÃ-bv¡-Is¯ `qhn-\n-tbmK tI{µo-I-c-W- nsâ cq]-am-Xr-I-IÄ 2 P\-kwJym tI{µo-I-c-W-¯nsâ cq]amXr-I-IÄ 3 P\-km-{µXm hyXn-bm-\-¯nsâ cq]amXr-I-IÄ 4 sXmgnÂ kw_-Ô-amb LS\ 5 `mhn-bnse P\-kw-Jy, {]h-W-X-Isf ASn-Øm-\-am¡n (s{]m-PIvj³) 6 A[n-hmk tI{µ-§-fpsS {]hÀ¯-\-co-Xn-IÄ 7 \K-c-hÂ¡-caw 8 A[n-hmk tI{µ-§-fpsS \ne-hn-epÅ hen- -s -dp¸w 9 hn`h§fpsS cq]-am-Xr-I-IÄ 10 ]cn-Øn-Xn-bpsS coXn-IÄ

V. kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq-]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p¶ {]{Inb

8.4.0 hnI-k\hmZ-ap-J§Ä IsWvS- Â; Dt±-i-e-£y-§Ä \nÝ-bn-¡Â

8.5.0 PnÃm hnI-k\ k¦ev]w cq]o-I-cn-¡Â

8.6.0 hnI-k\ k¦-ev]hpw s]mXp-hmb hnI-k\ \b-§fpw Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]-\-§-fpsS ap¼msI Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡Â

8.7.0 \b-§fpw X{ -§fpw Bhn-jv¡-cn-¡ÂNpa-Xe 37: \b-§fpw X{´-§fpw hni-Z-am-¡Â

185


8.8.0 kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ ({]m-Y-anI Ic-Sv) (A-\p-_Ôw XIII)? ? hnI-k\ ]cn-t{]£yw, 15-þ20 hÀj-t¯¡v? ? \nÀh-lW cq]-tc-J, 5 hÀj-t¯¡v

8.9.0 kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ ({]m-Y-anIw)

8.10.0 kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ (hn-I-k\ skan-\m-dnsâ ASn-Øm-\- nÂ{]mY-anI dnt¸mÀ«v ]cn-jv¡-cn¨Xv)

8.11.0 IcSv kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ

VI. {]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e\ dnt¸mÀ«v A´n-a-am-¡Â

5.4.0 (Npa-Xe 38) tÌ¡v tlmÄUÀam-cpambn NÀ¨

5.5.0 (Npa-Xe 39) {]tXyI {Kma/hmÀUv k`-bpsS kwLm-S\w

Npa-Xe 40: {]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e\ dn-t¸mÀ«v ]cnjv¡cn-¡Â

Npa-Xe 41: ]cn-jv¡-cn¨ {]mtZ-inIXe hni-I-e\ dnt¸mÀ«v kaÀ¸n-¡Â

VII. {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡Â

5.6.0 hnI-k\hmZ-ap-J§Ä IsWvS- Â, Dt±i e£y-§Ä \nÝ-bn-¡Â

5.7.0 hnI-k\ k¦ev]w cq]o-I-cn-¡Â

5.8.0 \b-§fpw X{ -§fpw Bhn-jv¡-cn-¡Â

5.9.0 {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ ({]m-Y-anI Ic-Sv)

5.10.0 IcSv {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ

VIII. kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tc-Jbv¡v A\p-aXn

8.12.0 kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tc-Jbv¡v A\p-aXn \ÂIÂ

IX. A´na {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ

6.2.0 A\p-aXn e`n¨ kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-bpsS ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ IcSv{]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ ]cn-jv¡-cn-¡Â

6.3.0 hnI-k\ skan-\mÀ

6.4.0 {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tc-Jbv¡v A\p-aXn \ÂIÂ

X. t»m¡v ]©m-b- n\pw PnÃm ]©m-b- n\pw hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡Â

6.5.0 t»m¡v ]©m-b-¯p-IÄ¡v hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡Â

6.6.0 PnÃm ]©m-b-¯n\v hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡Â

186


A\p-_Ôw XV{]mtZ-inI PnÃm / kwØm\ hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-IÄ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ

kÀ¡mÀ D -chv

187

tIcf kÀ¡mÀ(kw-{K-lw)

Xt±i kzbw-`-cW hIp¸v þ \Kc {Kmam-kq-{XW hIp¸v þ kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ þ{]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ kwØm\-X-e- hn-I-k\ ]cn-t{]£yw þ A\p-hmZw \ÂIn D¯-c-hm-Ip-¶p.

Xt±i kzbw `cW (Pn) hIp¸vk.D; (km) \w]À. 354/07/Xkz-`h. XobXn, Xncp-h-\-´-]pcw, 1/2/2007.

]cm-aÀiw :--þ 1) 01.08.03 se Pn.-H. (Fw.-Fkv) \w. 62/2003/¹m\nw-Kv, \w]À kÀ¡mÀ D¯-chv.2) 17.10.05, 6.12.06 Xob-Xn-I-fnse sF.-Un.-Un.-]n., FÂ.-Un.-]n., kwØm-\-Xe hnZKv[ kanXntbmK-¯nsâ an\nävkv.3) 05.01.07 se No^v Su¬ ¹m\-dpsS kn1/92/07 \w]À I¯v:

D¯-chv12-þmw \nb-a-k-`sb A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNbvXp-sImWvSv 16.06.06-þÂ _lp. KhÀ®À \S-¯nb {]kw-K-

¯nepw, XpSÀ¶v _UvPäv kv]o¨nepw Cu kÀ¡mÀ kwtbm-PnX PnÃm ]²Xn X¿m-dm-¡p¶ Imcyw {]Jym-]n-¨n-«p-Å-Xm-Wv. IqSmsX `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS BÀ«n-¡nÄ 243 Ck-Uv-þUn {]Imcw PnÃ-bnse {Kma-þ-]-©m-b¯v/ap\nkn-¸m-enän ]²-Xn-IÄ kwtbm-Pn-¸n-¡p-¶Xpw PnÃ-bv¡m-I-am-\-apÅ IcSv hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ (DraftDevelopment Plan) X¿m-dm-t¡-WvSXpw PnÃm Bkq-{XW kan-Xn-I-fpsS {]mY-anI D -c-hm-Zn-Xz-am-Wv. A{]-Imcw hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p-t¼mÄ Øe-]c Bkq-{X-Ww, Pew, aäp `uXnI {]IrXn hn`-h-§Ä XpS-§n-bh ]¦v-h-bv¡Â, kwtbm-PnX ]Ým- e hnI-k-\w, ]cn-ØnXn kwc-£Ww XpS§n ]©m-b- p-IÄ¡pwap\n-kn- m-en-än-IÄ¡pw X½nÂ s]mXp XmÂ]-cy-apÅ hnj-b-§Ä¡v thWvS{X ]cn-K-W\ \ÂI-W-sa¶pwA\p-im-kn-¡p-¶p. 1994þse tIcf ]©m-b¯v cmPv \nb-a- nse 175-þmw hIp- -\p-k-cn¨v Øe-]c Bkq-{X-W-¯n\v {]mapJyw \ÂIn, Hmtcm {Kma ]©m-b¯pw ZoÀL-Ime hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡-W-sa¶v hyhØsN¿p-¶p. 1994þse tIcf ap\n-kn-¸m-enän \nbaw hIp¸v 51 (3) {]Imcw ap\n-kn-¸m-en-än-IÄ Hcp ZoÀL-ImeamÌÀ ¹m³ X¿m-dm¡n PnÃm Bkq-{XW kan-Xn¡v kaÀ¸n-t¡-WvS-Xm-Wv.

Cu ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ kqN\ (1) {]Imcw sImÃw PnÃbv-¡p-thWvSn kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\cq]-tc -Jbpw (Integrated District Development Plan - IDDP) , {]mtZ -inI hnI-k\ cq]-tc -Jbpw(Local Development Plans - LDP) PnÃ-bnse FÃm Xt±i `cW Øm]-\-§-fp-tSbpw kl-I-c-W-t¯msS Hcpss]eäv ]²-Xn-bmbn X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn\v A\p-hmZw \ÂIn D¯-chv ]pd-s¸-Sp-hn-¨n-cp-¶p. {]kvXpX ss]eävt{]mP-IvSnsâ hnP-b- nsâ ASn-Øm-\- nÂ IDDP - LDP kwØm\-Xe hnZKv[ kanXn 17.10.2005, 06.12.2006F¶o Xob-Xn-I-fnÂ IqSnb tbmK-¯nÂ Cu t{]mPIvSv kwØm-\s¯ aäv 13 PnÃ-I-fn-te-bv¡p-IqSn hym]n-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw kwØm-\- n-\p-sam- -ambn hnI-k\ ]cn-t{]£yw (State Perspective Plan) X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn\pwip]mÀi sNbvXn-cp-¶p. kwØm-\-Xe hnZKv[ kan-Xn-bpsS ip]mÀi kÀ¡mÀ hni-Z-ambn ]cn-tim-[n¨vPnÃm Bkq{XW kan-Xn-I-fpsS B`n-ap-Jy-¯nÂ Hmtcm PnÃbv¡pw kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-bpw, PnÃ-bnse FÃm Xt±i `cW Øm]-\-§Ä¡pw {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-Ifpw X¿m-dm-¡Â]²Xn kwØm-\s¯ CXc PnÃ-I-fn-tebv¡p IqSn L«w L«ambn hym]n-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pw, kwØm-\-Xe hnI-k\ ]cn-t{]£yw cq]o-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-apÅ ]²-Xnbv¡v A\p-hmZw \ÂIn D -chv ]pd-s -Sp-hn-¡p-¶p. {]kvXpX]²-Xn-bpsS amÀ¤-tcJ Cu D¯-c-hnsâ A\p-_-Ô-ambn \ÂIn-bn-«p-WvSv.

KhÀ®-dpsS D¯-c-hnÂ {]Imcw

hn.-än. kmap-hÂsU]yq«n sk{I-«dn


188

1. ]©m-b v Ub-dIvSÀ2. {Kma hnI-k\ I½o-j-WÀ3. Ub-d-IvSÀ, AÀ_³ A^-tbgvkv hIp¸v4. No^v Su¬ ¹m\À5. {]n³kn-¸Â sk{I-«-dn, [\-Imcy hIp¸v6. {]n³kn-¸Â sk{I-«-dn, {Kma hnI-k\w7. {]n³kn- Â sk{I-«-dn, Xt±i kzbw `cWw8. sk{I-«-dn, Xt±i kzbw `cWw (AÀ_³)9. aäv {]n³kn- Â sk{I«-dn-amÀ/sk{I-«-dn-amÀ10. sa¼À sk{I-«-dn, kwØm\ Bkq-{XW t_mÀUv11. PnÃm Bkq-{XW kanXn sNbÀt]-gvk¬12. PnÃm If-IvSÀ (B-kq-{XW kanXn sk{I-«-dn)13. FÃm hIp¸v Xe-h-·mÀ¡pw14. FÃm {Kma ]©m-b¯v {]kn-Uâp-amÀ¡pw sk{I-«-dn-amÀ¡pw15. FÃm t»m¡v ]©m-b¯v {]kn-Uâp-amÀ¡pw sk{I-«-dn-amÀ¡pw16. PnÃm ]©m-b¯v {]kn-Uâv/sk{I-«dn17. tImÀ -td-j³ tabÀ/sk{I-«dn18. FÃm ap\n-kn-¸Â sNbÀt]-gvk¬/sk{I-«dn19. Ub-d-IvSÀ, tIcfm C³Ìn-äyq«v Hm^v tem¡Â AUvan-\n-kvt{S-j³, XriqÀ20. FÃm PnÃm ¹m\nwKv Hmô-kÀamÀ¡pw21. FÃm PnÃm Su¬ ¹m-\ÀamÀ¡pw22. A¡u-WvSâv P\-dÂ (A&E), tIc-f, Xncp-h-\- -]p-cw, (D-]-cn-]{Xw kln-Xw)23. A¡u-WvSâv P\-dÂ (B-Un-äv), tIc-f, Xncp-h-\-´-]pcw (D-]-cn-]{Xw kln-Xw)24. Ub-d-IvSÀ, tem¡Â ^WvSv BUnäv25. tÌäv s]Àt^mÀa³kv, BUnäv Hmô-kÀ26. P\-dÂ sk{I-«-dn, tIcf {Kma ]©m-b¯v AtÊm-kn-tb-j³27. sk{I-«-dn, tIcf t»m¡v ]©m-b v AtÊm-kn-tb-j³28. sk{I-«-dn, ap\nkn- Â sNbÀam³-am-cpsS tNw]À29. tÌm¡v ^bÂ/Hmôkv tIm¸n

]IÀ¸v :-þ1. apJy-a-{ń-bpsS {]n³kn-¸Â sk{I-«dn2. Xt±i kzbw `cW hIp v a{ń-bpsS ss{]häv sk{I-«dn3. {Kma hnI-k\ a{ń-bpsS ss{]häv sk{I-«dn4. aäv a{ń-am-cpsS ss{]häv sk{I-«-dn-amÀ5. kwØm\ Bk-q{XW t_mÀUv sshkv sNbÀam³6. No^v sk{I-«-dn-bpsS AUo-j-WÂ sk{I-«dn7. hntI-{µo-Ir-Xm-kq-{XW kwØm-\-Xe tImÀUn-t\-j³ I½nän AwK-§Ä8. Bkq-{XW km¼-¯nI Imcy hIp¸v9. Xt±i kzbw `cW hIp¸v10. {Kma hnI-k\ hIp¸v.

D¯-c-hn³ {]Imcw

sk£³ Hmô-kÀ


189

1. kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tc-Jbpw (Integrated District Development Plan) {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-Ifpw (Local Development Plans) X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ Bkq-{XW {]{Inb.

(i) Hmtcm Xt±i cW Øm]-\- n-sebpw ØnXn hnh-c-¡-W-¡pIÄ AXXv Øm]-\- nse kvt]jyÂCâ-t{K-j³ kan-Xn-bpsS Npa-X-e-bnÂ tiJ-cn v t{ImUo-I-cn-¡p-I.

(ii) ØnXn hnh-c-§-fpsS Øe-]c hni-Iew (Spatial Analysis) \K-c-þ-{Km-am-kq-{XW hIp- n-sâbpw {]mtZ-inI hni-I-e\w (Local Level Analysis) Xt±i `cW Øm]-\-§-fnse kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ kan-Xn-I-fp-tSbpw Npa-X-e-bnÂ \S-¯p-I.

(iii) CtXm-sSm¸w Xs¶ PnÃm Bkq-{XW kan-Xn-bpsS kvs]jyÂ sSIv\n-¡Â AssUz-kdn I½n-än-bpsShnhn[ D]-k-an-Xn-IÄ PnÃm-Xe taJem hni-I-e-\-hpw, Øe-]c Bkq-{XW D]-k-anXn PnÃm-XeØe]c hni-I-e-\hpw \S-¯p-I.

(iv) taÂ¸-dª hni-I-e-\§-fpsS ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ PnÃ-bpsS hnI-k\ {]iv\-§fpw, hnI-k\ km[y-X-Ifpw IsWvS¯n hnI-k-\- e-£yw, hnI-k\ Bibw, hnI-k\ \bw (Development objectives,development concept and development policy) F¶n-h-bv¡v, cq]w -\ÂIn PnÃm Bkq-{XW kanXn IcSvkwtbm-PnX PnÃm ]²Xn (Draft IDDP) X¿m-dm-¡p-I.PnÃm, t»m¡v, {Kma ]©m-b¯v/ap\n-kn-¸m-en-än-I-fpsS \nÀt±-i-§Ä IqSn DÄs¡mÅn-¨psImWvSmbn-cn-¡Ww kwtbm-PnX PnÃm ]²Xn cq]o-I-cn-t¡-WvS-Xv.

(v) IcSv kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ hnI-k\ skan-\m-dnse NÀ¨-bpsS ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ]cn-jv¡-cn v PnÃm Bkq-{XW kan-Xn-bpsS ip]mÀi-tbmsS Kh¬saâv AwKo-Im-c- n\v kaÀ¸n-¡pI

(vi) AwKo-IrX kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-bnse \nÀt±-i-§-fp-tS-bpw, Xt±i kzbw cW Øm]\Xe-¯nse ØnXn hnh-c-§-fpsS Øe-]-c, {]mtZ-inI hni-I-e-\-§-fp-sSbpw ASn-Øm-\-¯nepw hnI-k-\- n\v {]m[m\yw \ÂtI-WvSp¶ taJ-e-IÄ IsWvS¯n B taJ-e-I-fpsS Bkq-{XW Bi-b-w, -hn-I-k\ \bw, hnI-k\ X{´w (Planning concept, development policy and development strategy) F¶n-hbv¡vcq]w \ÂIn Hmtcm Xt±i `cW Øm]-\hpw IcSv {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ (Draft Local Develop-ment Plan) X¿m-dm-¡p-I.

(vii) IcSv {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-IÄ Un.-]n.kn bpsS AwKo-Im-c-¯n\v kaÀ¸n-¡p-I. AwKo-IrXkwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-bpsS ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ ]cn-tim-[n¨v PnÃm Bkq-{XW kan-Xn-bpsS AwKo-Im-c-¯n\v hnt[-b-am-¡p-I.

(viii) kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tc-Jbpw {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-Ifpw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn\v Bh-iy-amb sNehv Xt±i cW Øm]-\-§Ä¡v Ah-bpsS s]mXp hn`mKw ]²Xn hnln-X-¯nÂ \n¶pwPnÃm Bkq-{XW kanXn \nÝ-bn-¡p¶ \nc-¡nÂ {]tXyIw t{]mP-IvSnsâ ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ hln-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.

2. kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tc-Jbpw {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tc-J-Ifpw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ {]hÀ -\-§Ä hni-Zo-I-cn-¡p¶ ssI¸p-kvXIw X¿m-dm-t¡-WvS-Xm-Wv.

3. PnÃm Bkq-{XW kan-Xn-bpsS \nÀt±i {]Im-c-amWv kwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-t¡-WvS-Xv.

4. kvs]jyÂ sSIv\n¡Â AssUz-kdn I½n-än-bpsS Hcp tImÀ I½nän þ sF.-Un.-Un.-]n. Câ-t{K-j³ I½nän þcq]o-I-cn v t{]mPIvSnsâ \nÀÆ-lW þ tamWn-ädnwKv GP³kn-bmbn PnÃm Bkq-{XW kanXn Npa-X-e-s -Sp-t¯-WvS-Xm-Wv.

5. PnÃm \K-cm-kq-{XW Hmôkv t{]mPIvSv \nÀh-lW t\mUÂ Hmô-k-mbpw PnÃm \K-cm-kq-{X-I³ (DistrictTown Planner) t\mUÂ Hmô-k-dmbpw {]hÀ¯n-t¡-WvS-Xm-Wv.

6. AXXv Xt±i `cW Øm]-\-§-fmWv {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-t¡-WvS-Xv. Xt±i `cWØm]-\-¯nse kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ kanXn {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p¶ GP³kn-bmbn {]hÀ¯n-t¡-WvS-Xm-Wv.

hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡Âkwtbm-PnX PnÃm hnI-k\ cq]-tc-Jbpw {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]- tc-J-Ifpw X¿m-dm-¡Â

t{]mP-IvSnsâ amÀ¤tcJ


190

7. ]²-Xn-bpsS kwØm-\-Xe GtIm-]-\- n\v \Kc {Kmam-kq-{XW hIp- nÂ Hcp t{]mPIvSv skÂ cq]o-I-cn-t¡-WvS-Xm-Wv. Cu skÃn\v ]cn-io-e-\w, GtIm-]-\w, Pn.-sF.-F-kv. F¶o hn`m-K-§Ä DWvSm-bn-cn-¡pw. PnÃm-X-e-¯nÂ AXXv PnÃm \K-cm-kq-{XW Imcym-e-b-¯nÂ t{]mPIvSv skÃnsâ Hcp klm-bI hn`m-KhpwDWvSm-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv. t{]mPIvSv skÃn-epw, klmb hn`m-K-¯nepw cq]-tc-J-IÄ X¿m-dm-¡p¶ Ime-b-f-hnÂ Xmsg ]d-bp¶ hn`mK§fnÂs¸« Poh-\-¡msc IcmÀ ASn-Øm-\- nÂ \nb-an-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.1. I¬kÄ«âv ¹m\À (Planner Consultant) (sam¯w 20,000 cq] {]Xn-amkw F¶ \nc-¡nÂ)2. AtÊm-kn-tbäv ¹m\À (Planner Associate) (sam¯w 15, 000 cq] {]Xn-amkw F¶ \nc-¡nÂ)3. ¹m\nwKv Akn-Ìâv (Planning Assistant) (sam¯w 11,000 cq] {]Xn-amkw F¶ \nc-¡nÂ)4. Iw]yq-«À Akn-Ìâv (Secretarial Assistant Rs . 5,000/-, GIS Assistant Rs. 6,500/-)kwØm\ Xe- nÂ kwØm\Xe Ìnb-dnwKv I½n-änbpw PnÃm-X-e- nÂ sF.-Un.-Un.-]n. Câ-t{K-j³ I½n-än-

bpw Bbn-cn-¡Ww t{]mPIvSv skÃn-tebv¡v IcmÀ ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ \nb-an-t¡WvS hnZ-Kv[-cp-tS-bpw, klm-bn-I-fp-tSbpw Bh-iy-IX \nÀ®-bn-t¡-WvS-Xv.8. {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p¶ {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä¡v PnÃ-bnse Hmtcm Xt±i `cW Øm]-\-

¯n\pw Hmtcm ¹m\nwKv Akn-Ìâns\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p¶ Ime-b-f-hn-tebv¡v am{Xw IcmÀ ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ GÀs¸-Sp-¯m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. ¹m\nwKv Akn-Ìânsâ tlmW-td-dnbw AXXv Xt±i `cW Øm]-\-¯nsâ {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn\v hI-bn-cp-¯n-bn-«pÅ t{]mP-IvSnsâ hnln-X-¯nÂ\n¶pw hln-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. PnÃ-bpsS {]tXyI kml-Ncyw IW-¡n-se-Sp¯v Bh-iy-sa-¦nÂ ¹m\nwKv Akn-Ìâvamsc PnÃm-Xe klmbI hn`m-K¯nsâ `mK-ambpw GÀs¸-Sp-¯m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.

9. FÃm Xt±i `cW Øm]-\-§-fnepw {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn\v Hcp dntkmÀkvt]gvk³ DWvSm-bn-cn-¡-Ww. hntI-{µo-IrX Bkq-{XW {]{Inb-bnÂ dntkmÀkv t]gvkWv AÀl-X-s¸«FÃm B\p-Iq-ey-§Ä¡pw ChÀ¡v AÀlX-bp-WvSm-bn-cn-¡pw.

10. t{]mPIvSv \S-¸m-¡p-¶-Xn\v Nph-sS-bpÅ I½n-än-IÄ cq]o-I-cn-¡p¶p.10.1 kwØm-\-Xe ÌobdnwKv I½nän (State Level Steering Committee)1. {]n³kn-¸Â sk{I-«-dn, Xt±i kzbw `cW hIp¸v : sNbÀam³2. sk{I-«-dn, Xt±i kzbw `cW hIp¸v (AÀ_³) : sshkv sNbÀam³3. sa¼À sk{I-«dn, kwØm\ Bkq-{XW t_mÀUv : sa¼À4. Ub-d-IvSÀ, km¼-¯nI ØnXn-hn-hc hIp¸v : ,,5. Ub-d-IvSÀ, tkmbnÂ-þ-kÀth HmÀK-ss\-tk-j³ : ,,6. Ub-d-IvSÀ, kwØm\ `qhn-\n-tbmK t_mÀUv : ,,7. Ub-d-IvSÀ, kÀsh Bâv em³Uv dnt¡mÀUvkv : ,,8. ]©m-b¯v Ub-d-IvSÀ : ,,9. No^v F©n-\obÀ, s]mXp-a-cm-a¯p hIp¸v : ,,10. I½o-j-WÀ, {Kma hnI-k\w : ,,11. Ub-d-IvSÀ, \mj-WÂ {Sm³t]mÀt«-j³ ¹m\nwKv Bâv dntkÀ¨v skâÀ (NATPAC): ,,12. sNbÀam³, C³Ìn-äyq«v Hm^v Su¬ ¹mt\-gvkv, C´y-þ-tI-cf Nm]väÀ : ,,13. kÀ¡mÀ \ma\nÀt±iw sN¿p¶ aq¶v Øe-]c Bkq-{XW hnZ-Kv[À : sa¼À14. No^v Su¬ ¹m\À : I¬ho-\À10.2 PnÃm-Xe tImÀUn-t\-j³ kanXn (District Level Co-ordination Committee)1) sNbÀt]-gvk¬, PnÃm Bkq-{XW kanXn : sNbÀam³2) tabÀ (tImÀ¸-td-j³ \ne-hn-epÅ PnÃ-I-fnÂ am{Xw) : tImþ-sN-bÀam³3) PnÃm If-IvSÀ : sshkv sNbÀam³4) PnÃ-bnse {Kma ]©m-b v {]kn-Uâp-amÀ/ap\n-kn- Â sNbÀt]-gvk¬amÀ : sa¼ÀamÀ5) PnÃm \K-cm-kq-{X-I³ : I¬ho-\À10.3 sF.-Un.-Un.-]n. Câ-t{K-j³ I½nän

(PnÃm Bkq-{XW kan-Xn-bpsS kvs]jyÂ sSIv\n-¡Â AssUz-kdn I½n-än-bpsS tImÀ I½n-än)1) sNbÀt]-gvk¬, PnÃm Bkq-{XW kanXn : sNbÀam³2) PnÃm If-IvSÀ : sshkv sN-bÀam³3) sNbÀam³, Øe-]c Bkq-{XW D]-k-anXn : tImþ-sshkvsNbÀam³4) PnÃm Bkq-{XW kan-Xn-bnse aq¶v AwK-§Ä : sa¼ÀamÀ5) kvs]jyÂ sSIv\n-¡Â AssUz-kdn I½n-än-bnse aq¶v AwK-§Ä

(A\u-tZym-KnI AwK-§Ä) : ,,6) PnÃm ¹m\nwKv Hm^o-kÀ : sa¼À


191

7) sU]yq«n Ub-d-IvSÀ, km¼-¯nI ØnXn hnhc hIp¸v : ,,8) Akn-Ìâv sUh-e-¸-saâv I½o-j-WÀ (Pn) : ,,9) PnÃm \K-cm-kq-{X-I³ : I¬-ho-\À10.4 {]mtZ-inI hnI-k\ cq]-tcJ t{]mk-knwKv kanXn (Local Development Plan Processing Committee)1. PnÃm If-IvSÀ : sshkv sNbÀam³2. PnÃm ¹m\nwKv Hm^o-kÀ : sa¼À3. Akn-Ìâv Uh-e-]vsaâv I½o-j-WÀ (P-\-dÂ) : sa¼À4. sU]yq«n Ub-d-IvSÀ (]-©m-b- v) : sa¼À5. doPn-b-WÂ tPmbnâv Ub-d-IvSÀ (AÀ_³ A^-tb-gvkv) : sa¼À6. PnÃ-bnse Xt±i `cW Øm]-\-§-fn-se sk{I-«-dn-amÀ : sa¼À7. PnÃm \K-cm-kq-{X-I³ : I¬ho-\À10.5 kvt]jyÂ Câ-t{K-j³ I½nän (X-t±i `cW Øm]\ Xe-¯nÂ)1. Su¬ ¹m\nwKv /kvt]jyÂ ¹m\nwKv Npa-X-e-bpÅ

ÌmânwKv I½nän sNbÀt]-gvk¬ : sNbÀam³2. hÀ¡nwKv {Kq¸p-I-fnse Hmtcm {]Xn-\n-[n-IÄ : sa¼ÀamÀ3. PnÃm \K-cm-kq-{X-I³/{]Xn-\n[n (\-K-c-k-`-I-fnÂ am{Xw) : sa¼À4. dntkmgvkv t]gvk¬ ,,5. Xt±i `cW Øm]-\- nse F©n-\o-b-dnwKv hn`mKw ta[mhn :tPmbnâv I¬ho-\À6. Xt±i `cW Øm]-\-¯nsâ sk{I-«dn : I¬ho-\À

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