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COX-2 InhibitorChamomile.

Supervised by:Dr. Sabah .

Dr. Najwa.

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Done by:Bodoor Saber

Bashayer Al-Shuhail

Safaa Dumyati

Ghadeer Joudah

Sarah Al-Gethami

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Prostaglandins are the cause of inflammation.

Pain-relieving pharmaceuticals known as nonsteroidal anti-

inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

act by inhibiting COX enzymes.

Introduction

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For centuries natural remedies have been used :

Green tea

Ginger

Turmeric

Chamomile,

Rosemary,

Hops

Oregano.

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Matricaria Recutita

Family : Asteraceae.

Part Used: flowers.

Other names:

• German chamomile

• Wild chamomile

• Pin heads

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Morphology:

grows up to half a meter in height.

white and yellow simple daisy-like flowers.

The stems are erect, branching and hairless

the plant has delicate and feathery leaves.

German chamomile has a distinctive sweet apple

fragrance.

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Chemical Constituents: flavonoids (including flavonols and methoxylated flavones) including apigenin. Polysaccharides. Essential oils make up 0.24 - 1.9% of constituents. Up to 50% of the essential oil is made up of bisabolol oxides A and B. Chamazulene is the major active constituent of the oil with the deep blue colour characteristic of chamomile oil. Alpha-bisabolol exists only in its laevo-rotary form in chamomile oil. Synthetic alpha-bisabolol is optically inactive.. Cyclic ethers

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Uses Based on theory:• Abdominal bloating, antispasmodic, anorexia, constipation, heartburn.• Abortifacient, dysmenorrhea, menopause, menstrual cramps, menstrual

disorders,• Abrasions, abscesses, acne, antipruritic, bruises, burns, contact

dermatitis, • Antibacterial, antifungal, antiseptic, parasites/worms,• Anticoagulant, blood purification• Gout, arthritis, inflammatory conditions, osteoporosis, rheumatism• Diuretic, kidney disorders, bladder disorders, • ,Antioxidant, cancer,• Sinusitis, asthma.

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Uses Based on Evidence :

Anti-cancer activity

• Apigenin inhibits carcinogenesis

Anti-inflammatory activity

• Alpha-bisabolol has analgesic effects.

•Flavonoids inhibit oedema.

•Inflammation inhibited by topical apigenin

•Matricine has anti-inflammatory action

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Antimicrobial activity

•Alpha-bisabolol has antimicrobial properties

•Chamomile oil inactivates bacterial toxins

•Growth of Staphylococcus and Streptococcus inhibited by

chamomile

•Umbelliferone is fungostatic .

Antioxidant effects

•Chamazulene inhibits leukotriene B4 formation

Antiulcerogenic activity

• Alpha-bisabolol is antiulcerogenic

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Antiviral activity • Apigenin inhibits herpes viruses • Apigenin inibits HIV activation • Chamomile inhibits polio virus

Central nervous system response • Alpha-bisabolol is antispasmodic • Apigenin shows anxiolytic and sedative

activity

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Choleretic activity • Chamomile increases bile production Connective tissue regenerator • Alpha-bisabolol promotes granulation and tissue

regeneration • Alpha-bisabolol shortens healing time of burns .

Immunomodulatory effects • Extracts enhance proliferation of lymphocytes after

stimulation with allogenic cells in vitro Inhibition of lipoxygenase, lipid peroxidation • Chamazulene inhibits lipid peroxidation Uterine tonic • Chamomile has uterine tonic effect

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Chamomile may increase the amount of drowsiness caused by some drugs. In theory, chamomile may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulants or antiplatelet drugs.Chamomile may interfere with the way the body processes certain drugs using the liver's "cytochrome P450" enzyme system..Constituents in chamomile may alter blood sugar or blood pressure. Chamomile may have anti-inflammatory effects.

Interactions with drugs:

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Thank You