courses available in photogrammetry - asprs · mapping; flight planning; ... engineeringand...
TRANSCRIPT
Courses Available
Photogrammetry
.In
PROF. ROBERT H. BROCK, JR.
Syracuse UniversitySyracuse, New York
Academic degrees are offered at elevenuniversities in the United States.
ABSTRACT: The course descriptions, the equipment and taboratory facilihes, andthe computer facilities are listed for eleven universities in the United Stateso,O'ering a degree program in photogrammetry. These are the results of a pollconducted in October 1965 by the Education Commitlee of the AmericanSociety of PllOtogrammetry.
INTRODUCTION
T HE A~1ERICA'" SOCIETY OF PHOTOGRA~{
METRY has reported periodically in thepast on the general status of photogrammetriceducation in the United Statesl ,2,3,4.
These reports have gi ven su m maries of thephotogrammetric educational programs in theU. S., and ha\'e not attempted to emphasizethe actual courses and their contents. One ofthe tasks of the education committee has beento compile this information in one paper.
The following has been compiled fromeleven schools in the United States offeringdegree programs \\'ith a major in photogrammetry.l The purpose of this report is to inform all interested persons, whether they be
prospecti\'e students, members of ASP, or thegeneral public, as to what is available in formal course work in photogrammetry in theseschools as of January 1,1966.
All eleven schools have programs leading tothe Master's degree, and California, Cornell,Illinois, Ohio State and Wisconsin presentlyoffer studies leading to the doctorate degree.Syracuse will offer a program leading to thedoctorate degree beginning in 1966.
Table 1 gives a summary of the elevenschools reporting, and the addresses of thepersons to contact for further information.
It should be noted that course contents,equipment, and computing facilities changecontinually. It is intended that reports of this
TABLE 1
SCHOOLS OFFERING A MAJOR PIWGRAM IN PHOTOGRAMMETRY
College
California, University of (Berkeley)Cornell University
Georgia Institute of TechnologyGeorgia, University ofIllinois, University ofMissouri School of Mines & :\IetallurgyOhio State University
Purdue University
Syracuse UniversityTexas, University of\\'isconsin, niversity of
Further I nformation Available From
Prof. F. H. Moffitt, C. E. Dept., Berkeley, Calif. 94720Prof. A. J. Mc:"\fair, School of Civil Engineering, Ithaca,)\;, Y.
14850Prof. J. A, Eichler, C. E. Dept., Atlanta, Ga. 30332Prof. M. Prunty, Jr" Geography Dept., Athens, Ga. 30602Prof. H. l\f. Karara, C. E. Dept., Urbana, Ill. 61803Prof. E, W. Carlton, C. E. Dept., Rollo, Mo, 65-l01Prof. S. K. Ghosh, Dept. of Geodetic Sciences, Columbus,
Ohio 43210Prof. E. i\1. Mikhail (Photogrammetry), C. E, Dept.,Prof. R. D. Miles (Photointerpretation), W. Lafayette, Ind.
47906Prof. D. C. :\Ierchant, C. E. Dept., Syracuse, N. Y. 13210Prof. R. D. Turpin, C. E, Dept., Austin, Texas 78712Prof. E. C. \\'agner, C. E. Dept" :\1adison, \\'is. 53706
307
308 PHOTOGRAMMERTlC ENGINEERING
nature occur often enough to keep interestedpersons informed.
If this information is viewed from a prospective student's standpoint then it is highlyrecommended that you contact the personslisted in Table 1 for further information. Inseveral cases the individual schools have outlined their programs to considerable length inbrochures which are free for the asking.
I would like to thank Professor Dean C.Merchant, who has been very helpful in reviewing this article. I also acknowledge andthank the men listed in Table 1 for their cooperation in forwarding the information fortheir respective schools.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Merchant, D. c., 1963, "A Survey of CoursesOffered in Photogrammetry", PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING, Vol. XXIX, No.6,(November), 960.
2. Brinker, R. c., 1951, "A Study of the Status ofPhotogrammetry in the Engineering Schools ofthe United States and Canada", PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING, Vol. XVII, No.3 (June)431.
3. McEntyre, J. G., 1958, "The Status of Photogrammetry in the Educational Institutions ofthe United States," PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING, Vol. XXIV, No.2 (April) 246.
4. Turpin, R. D., 1960, "Some Trends in Photogram metric Education in the United States",PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING, Vol. XXVI,No.1 (March) 127.
University of California, Civil Engineering
Berkeley, California
COURSE DESCRIPTIONs-(Semester Hours)cE-101 ELEMENTARY PHOTOGRAMMETRY (3units)
Nature of problems handled by photogrammetric methods; precision cameras and theircalibration; comparator measurements; geometry of photograph; ground con trol formapping; flight planning; stereoscopy andstereoscopic parallax; geometry of overlapping vertical photographs; radial lineplot; mosaics; oblique photography and applications; introduction to stereoscopic plotting instruments. Two lectures and one 3hour lab per week.
CE-107 AIRPHOTO ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATTON (3 u ni ts)
Elements of a photograph for reading,analysis and interpretation. Analysis appliedto soils, slopes, geological forms and structures, selection of materials for engineeringconstruction. Elementary planimetric mapping from aerial photos; stereoscopy; mosaicconstruction; annotations and overlays. Twolectures and one 3-hour lab per week.
FORESTRY 132 FOREST PHOTOGRAMMETRY(3 units)
Construction of planimetric and topographic maps from vertical and oblique aerialphotographs; the use of aerial photographs inmapping vegetation types and estimatingtimber volumes and in control of forest fires;construction of mosaics. Two lectures and one3-hour lab per week.
GEOLOGY 109 TOPOGRAPHICAL PHOTO INTERPRETATION (3 units)
The identification and classification oftopographical formations, slopes, gradients,patterns, on aerial photographs; the solutionof selected problems in photogrammetry.
CE-198, CE-298 GROUP STUDY IN SELECTEDSUBJECTS (1 to 5 units)
Analytic photogrammetry; theory and design of stereoscopic plotting instruments;analysis of systematic and random errorpropagation in photogrammetric system;stereo triangulation and adj ustment; terrestrial photogrammetry applied to ru bber membrane analogies, deformation measurements,hydraulics, waves, architecture; photogrammetric optics; camera calibration and lensdistortion measuremen t. Lectures vary fromone to five hours per week. Lab work variesfrom 3 to 9 hours per week.
CE-199, CE-299 INDIVIDUAL STUDY IN SELECTED SUBJECTS (1 to 5 units)
Usually consists of unique application ofphotogrammetry 01 photo interpretation to aproblem in the general engineering area.
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC EQUIPMENT ANDLABORATORY FACILITIES
CIVIL ENGINEERING
1-Multiplex Auxiliary Unit, 3 projectors1-Wild AS Autograph with reduction
printer and Corr. plates for Metrogonand "distortion-free" photography
COURSES AVAILABLE IN PHOTOGRAMMETRY 309
1-Balplex 760 Plotter \\·ith cen tering device, 2 projectors
1-Zeiss C4 Stereoplanigraph \\·ith "distortion-free" hypergon lenses
1-1'30 'vVild Phototheodoli tel-Rolleiflex camera with wide angle lens
and plate adaptor back2-K25 Aerial Cameras modified for finite
focus and synchronous exposuresI-Universal reduction printer
11-12-inch micro rules6-12-inch Gurley Rapid ComparatorsI--Reed Focalmatic Desk projectorI-Old Delft scanning stereoscope6-Wild 1'3 mirror stereoscopes with paral-
lax barsI-Vertical Sketch masterI-set Mechanical Triangulators1-10 in. by 10 in. contact printer8-Abrams Contour Finder
6-Stereocomparagraphsl-Kail Radial Planimetric Plotter
Misc. stereoscopes, drafting equipment
FORESTRY
l-KEK plotterMisc. stereoscopes, dratting equipment
GEOGRAPHY
l-KEK plotterMisc. stereoscopes, drafting equipment
COMPUTING CENTER FACILITIES
IBM 7090 System, staffed by operators andprogrammers, but operates on an open shopbasis for individual staff and graduate students to develop programs as needed by them.A computer program library service is available which is kept up to date.
IBM 1620, pI ogramming by students, operation of computer by regular staff member.
Cornell University, School of Civil Engineering
Surveying Department, Ithaca, New York
COURSE DESCRIPTI01\S-(Semester Hours)CE-2121 ELEMENTS OF PHOTOGRAMMETRYCredit 3 hours. Fall.
Principles and practice of terrestrial andaerial photogrammetric mapping, includingplanning flights, control surveys, uncontrolledmosaics, radial-line control, simple stereoplotting instruments, parallax distortions,graphical tilt determination, trimetrogencharting, and economics. A Balplex projection stereoplotter with three projectors isavailable for use.
CE-2122 ADVANCED PHOTOGRAMMETRYCredit 3 hours. Spring.
Lectures, reading, and laboratory work. Anadvanced study of photogrammetric principles including controlled mosaics, rectification, graphical, mechanical, and analytical,space orientation. Readings and reports fromcurrent technical literature. The principles ofmany photogrammetric plotters are studiedtogether with the economic relation of theseinstruments to density of field control, officemethods, and personnel. The Balplex plotteris available for study and use.
CE-2123 ANALYTIC AEROTRIANG LATlONCredit 3 hours.
Analysis, theories, and computation ofstereostrip triangulation by direction cosines,vector, and matrix methods. Coplanarity and
colinearity equations for relative orientationand absolute orientation. Stereogram assemblage and coordinate transformation of stripand block coordinates. Cantilever extensionand general bridging solutions. Propagationof errors.
CE-2141 PROJECT: ANALYTICAL PHOTOGRA~[
METRY
Credit 3 hours. Graduate students.
Analysis of such analytical aerotriangulation as: space resection and orientation methods; co-linearity relationships; co-planarityrelationships; vector representations; matrixrepresentations; assembly of stereopairs, triplets, strips, and blocks; two- and three-dimensional coordinate transformations of linear-, second-, and higher-degree, error propagation.
Special short courses offered at irregularintervals. No academic credit. Emphasis depends upon particular demands and variesfrom 100% airphoto interpretation to 100%ad vanced photogram metry.
CE-2142 GEODETIC OR PHOTOGRA~[METRIC
ENGINEERING RESEARCH
On demand. Prerequisites will depend uponthe area of studies to be pursued. Specialproblems in error analysis, geodesy, andphotogrammetry as may be arranged.
310 PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING
CE-2143 SEMINAR IN GEODESY OR PHOTOGRAMMETRY
Credit 1-6 hours.
On demand. Open to specially selectedseniors or graduate students. Abstraction anddiscussion of technical papers and publications in the geodetic or photogrammetric field.
CE-2621 ANALYSES A:'-ID INTERPRETATION OFAERIAL PHOTOGRA PHS
Preregistration required. Credit 3 hours.Fall-Spring 2 lectures, 1 laboratory.
A study of the soil and rock areas of theUnited States and the patterns present inaerial photographs. Fundamental elements ofsoil patterns are analyzed to permit determination of soil texture, type of bedrock, anddrainage properties. Field training in selectedtest areas.
CE-2622 ADVAKCED INTERPRETATION 01'
AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS
Preregistration required. Credit 3 hours.On demand.
Organization of course depends upon fieldsof in terest. Special problems; four each onground water, engineering projects, agricultural soils mapping, irrigation and geology.
CE-2631 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT EVALUATION
Credit 3 hours. On demand.
2 lectures, 1 laboratory. Intended forgraduate students or upperclassmen inengineering and planning. Permission of theinstructor.
A study of physical environment factorsaffecti ng engi neering and plan ni ng decisionsand the evaluation methods of these factors.Physical factors include the climate, soil androck conditions, and water sources in differentparts of the world. Evaluation methods include air and ground reconnaissance, interpretation of meteorological, topographic,geological, and soil maps, aerial photography,engineering data, and subsurface explorationrecords.
CE-2632 ADVANCED PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENTCredit 3 hours. On demand.
Closely related advanced courses: 2111 Elementary Geodesy, 2112 Geophysical Geodesy,
2113 Geodetic Control Surveys, 2115 Advanced Engineering Measurements, 2119Map Projections, 2131 Land Surveying, 2132Cartography, 2133 Engineering Surveys.
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC EQUIP"IENT ANDLABORATORY FACILITIES
1-Balplex-3 projectors
I-Fairchild Stereocomparagraph
3-Abrams Height Finders
SO-Stereoscopes (mirror and lens types)I-Old Delft Scanning Stereoscope
I-Set Abrams Lazy Daisy Radial Triangu-lator (40 photo)
I-Slot Cutter1-Kail Radial Planimetric Plotter
I-Abrams Oblique Sketch master
I-Abrams Vertical Sketch masterS-24X30" Fluorescent light tables
I-Wild Trilateration Computer, TC1
Special control photography of campus at5 scales varying from 1:3000 to 1:20,000.vVorid-wide air photo coverage in photo interpretation Laboratory. Photos classifiedaccording to location, drainage pattern geology, soils type, and land forlTI
Photographic dark room and laboratoryBy arrangement facilities of the Photo
Science Department are available for usewhich include special prin ting and projectionequipment.
COMPUTER CENTER FACILITIES
A fully staffed and operating Cornell Compu ti ng Cen tel' is available for electronicdigi tal compu ting of any size or type. Specialanalog computer laboratories also may beused. Digital computer equipment includes:
Control Data Corporation 1604Control Data Corporation 160AControl Data Corporation X-V Plotter 165Collating, tabulating, high-speed printing,
and all other ancillary equipment necessaryfor the operation of a large modern computingcenter are available. An individual key punchmachine is located in the same building as thephotogrammetry laboratories. Studen ts, aftera brief training period with a demonstratedcompetence may make arrangements tooperate the computers on their own problems.All computing is done for or by students at nocharge.
COURSES AVAILABLE I PHOTOGRA 1METRY 311
Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Civil Engineering
Atlanta, Georgia
CO RSE DESCRIPTlOXs-(Quarter Hours) CE-444, CE-445, CE-446 U:'<DERGRAD ATECE-438 ELE~IE1\TARY AERIAL l'HOTOGRA~I- SPECIAL PROBLE~IS~IETRY
History and de\'elopment of photogrammetry. Fundamental principles. Aerial cameras, Photo reading. Principles of stereoscopyand stereoscopic instruments; radial lineplotting; topographic mapping by BaJplexand Plotter. Parallax measuremen t andformulas.
CE-454 PHOTOGRAMMETRIC AND SURVEYINGINSTRUMENTS ADJUSTMENT AND USE
CE-601 ADVANCED AERIAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY
Tilt determinations; space resection andintersection. Principal point computationsfor ex tension of horizon tal con trol.
CE-602 PHOTOGRAPHlC I:'<TERPRETATlO:-<
The identification of soil and rock conditions from aerial photographs; geologic conditions influencing topographic and drainagepatterns; the effects of vegetation and landuse of photographic tone.
CE-704, cE-705, CE-706 GRADUATE SPECIALPROBLE~IS
The special pl'Oblems in both the graduateand undergraduate le\'el are of the analyticaltype. They are concerned \\·i th the ne\\' theories and applications of photogrammetry andthey allo\\' the stud en t to pursue problemsand ideas in which he has a special interest.
PHOTOGHAMMETRIC EQUIP~IENT ANDLABORATORY FACILITIES
l-Balplex Plotter7-Sketchmasters5-Stereoco m paragrap hs
I5-Ylirror Stereoscopes4-Parallax Bars8-Desk Calculators2-Key punches fOI' computer
CO~[PUTl:-;-G CEXTER FACILITIES
Burroughs 220Burroughs 13-5500
The computing center is a\"ailable at alltimes for both graduate and undergraduatestudents.
5 laboratory periods.
420 USE AND INTERPRETATION OF AERIALPHOTOGRAPHS
Theory and procedures in use of aerialphotos for mapping, planning, terrain andcontour identification, forest and vegetationidentification. Procedures in correction ofphoto errors, for preparation of base-maps.Training in use of standard photogrammetricinstruments, and in planning of photo-reconnaissance of sample areas.
The University of Georgia, The George Foster Peabody School of
Forestry, Athens Georgia
COURSE DESCRIPTlO:-;-s-(Quarter Hours) PHOTOGRA~I~IETRICEQUIP~'IE:\'T AXDLABORATOR Y F ACI L1TlES
50-lens stereoscopes10-mirror stereoscopes10-vertical sketch masters6-obliq ue sketch masters4-parallax bars
10-stereometersl-Salzman overhead projectorl-Kelsh plotter
Ligh t tablesDrafti ng eq u ipmen t and map reprod uction equipment (ozalid)
3-electric calculators
422 ADVANCED PHOTOGRAYYETRY LABORATORY
5 laboratory periods.
Laboratory instruction on individualizedphotogrammetric problems related to themajor interests of the students. Mastery ofad vanced photogram metric instru men ts.
2 air conditioned labs in new building, eachseating 20 students at individual draftingtables. In addition, a research lab for theKelsh plotter and other research equipment.
CO~IP Tl i\'G CEi\'TER F ACILlTIES
l-IBl\I 7094I-IBM 7040I-IBM 1401
PI us com'en tional tabulating, and collatingequipment.
312 PHOTOGRAMMETRIC E GINEERING
University of Illinois, Department of Civil EngineeringUrbana, Illinois
COURSE DESCRIPTIONs-(Semester Hours
CE-297 SPECIAL PROBLEMSUndergraduate Credit: up to 4 sem. hours
Individual investigations or studies of anyphase of civil engineering selected by theundergrad ua te studen t and approved by thedepartmen t.
CE-299 THESISUndergraduate. Credit: up to 3 sem. hours
I nvestigation or design. May be su bstitu tedfor certain technical subjects in any of themajors in the senior year.
CE-302 PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERINGCredit: 3 sem. hours for undergraduates and ~
unit for graduates.
A study of metrical photography in civilengineering practice; characteristics and interpretation of aerial and terrestrial photographs; stereoscopic compilation of mapsfrom photographs; mosaics; economics ofphotogram metry.
CE-307 TERRESTRIAL PHOTOGRA~o\METRY
Credit: 3 sem. hours for undergraduates and~-1 unit for graduates.
A basic study of metrical photography inother than the aerial case; theory of errors ofterrestrial photogram metry; special camerasand restitution equipment for terrestrial,close-range, micro, and celestial photogrammetry; considerations abou t planni ng anddesign of photogrammetric projects in suchcases.
CE-308 PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATIONCredit: 3 sem. hours for undergraduates and
~-1 unit for graduates.
Descriptive interpretation of photographicimages with emphasis on interpretation ofaerial photographs; applications of aerialphotography and photographic interpretationto the solution of problems in the major fieldof the indi \·id ual studen t.
CE-403 PHOTOGRA~rMETRY
Credit: 1 grad. unit-equivalent to 4 sem.hours
Study of the principles of stereoscopy andgeometrical optics; aerial cameras, their design and calibration; the design, calibration
and operation of stereoscopic plotting machines; mathematics of stereoscopic orientation and model deformations.
CE-404 PHOTOGRAMMETRYCredit: 1 grad. unit-equivalent to 4 sem.hours.
Theory of errors of stereoscopic photogrammetry; aero triangulation (spatial and radial),its theory and applications to various civilengineering problems; electronics in photogrammetry.
CE-40S AN ALYTlCAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY
Credit: 1 grad. unit-equivalent to 4 sem.hours.
A basic study of analytical photogrammetry \\·ith emphasis on the recent developments in this field; analytical solutions ofsingle and multiple camera stations; analytical aerotriangulation of photographic strips;and blocks of strips; ballistic and satellitecamera applications of analytical photogrammetry.
CE-497 SPECIAL PROBLE~fS
Graduate-Credit: up to 4 grad. unitsequivalent to 16 sem. hours.
Individual investigations or studies in anyphase of civil engineering selected by thestuden t and approved by his ad visor and thestaff member who will supervise the investigation.
CE-499 THESIS RESEARCHCredit up to 8 grad. units-equivalent to32 semester hours.
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC EQUIPMENT ANDLABORATORY FACILITIES
l-Wilk STK-l Stereocomparator, complete with Wild EK-6-IBM 026 readoutsystem
l-Nistri Photocartograph V. StereoplotterI-Zeiss SEG IV RectifierI-Zeiss Stereotope with diapositive attach
mentI-Wild P G 3 Point Transfer DeviceI-Set of Zeiss Marking Device, Setting
I nstrumen t and 2 Snap Markers2-Zeiss Stereoscope with Dove Prism2-01d Delft Scanning Stereoscope
20-Zeiss and Wild Parallax Bar2-Zeiss Sketch Master
COURSES A VAILABLE IN PHOTOGRAMMETRY 313
Also a collection of minor photogrammetric equipment (Lazy Daisy, SlottedTemplet Cutter, Stereocomparagraph,Contour Finder, Pocket Stereoscopes,microrulet"s, etc.)
COMPUTI TG CENTER FACILITIES
1-IBM 7094-1401 electronic data processing system
1-IBM 1620 electronic computer1-ILLIAC II electronic computer
The University of Missouri, School of Mines and Metallurgy,
Department of Civil Engineering, Rollo, Missouri
COURSE DESCRI PTlONs-(Semester Hours)cE-8 ROUTE, TOPOGRAPHIC AND AERIAL SURVEYING
3 credit hours. Lectures and Laboratory.
The first half of the semester is devoted tothe theory and use of simple curves, spirals,superelevations, vertical curves and earthwork computations as applied to railroad andhighway surveying. The remainder of thesemester covers the elementary principles ofphotogrammetry with emphasis on map making uses of aerial photographs. Also to becovered are the uses and preparation oftopographic maps by transit-stradia andplane table and alidade. Sophomore year,either semester, two lectures and three laboratory hours per week.
CE-30S AERIAL MAPPINGLectures and laboratory
A continuation of the work started incourse CE-8. The principles of photogrammetry are applied with reference to radial lineplot and traverse, controlled mosaics, stereoscopic plotting instruments. A topographicmap is made from aerial photos, using thestereocomparagraph and contour finder. Tiltdeterminations are studied to some extent.Senior or graduate, either semester. Creditvariable. Elective.
GEOLOGY 254 AJRPHOTO AND MAP I~TERPRE
TATIOJ\2 credit hours. Lectures and Laboratory.
Reading and interpreting of geologic history and structure from topogt"aphic andgeologic maps, aerial photographs, geologicsections, structure con tour maps and othermeans of depicting geology. ] unior or senioryear, first or second semester, one lecture,three laboratory hours per week.
GEOLOGY 445 PHOTOGEOLOGY
3 credit hours. Lectures and Laboratory.
The construction of geologic maps fromdata on aerial photographs and the geologicin terpretation of features shown on aerial
photographs. Graduate, second semester, twolecture and three laboratory hours per week.Elective.
PHOTOGRAM~IETRICEQUIPMENT ANDLABORATORY FACILITIES
2-Complete Multiplex Units with 2 projectors each
2-Abrams Con tour Finders2-Abrams Vertical Sketch 'lasters Model
VE-11-Stereocomparagraph
36-Pocket Stereoscopes1-Saltzman Projector (for enlarging and
reducing)2-Mirror Stereoscopes1-Parallax Bar
GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT2-Sketchmasters7- 1irror Streoscopes1-Mahan Plotter1-KE.K Radial Plotter1-Kail Reflecting Projector1-Radial Templet Set1-Large Format Prism Lens Stereoscope
(9" X 18")3-Parallax Bars1-Stereocomparagraph
COM PUTlNG CE~TER F ACI LITlES
Two IBM 1620 compu tel' systems wi thpunched card input-output, 60,000 digit positions of core storage, variable \\'ord length.indirect addressing, automatic di\·idc andfloating point hardware.
A General Precision LGP-30 computer system wi th a photoelectric paper tape readerand a tape typewriter as input, with a type\niter and high speed paper tape punch asoutput.
Auxiliary equipment includes IBM cardpunch machines, card sorter, paper tapepreparation equipment, modern desk calculators, graph plotter and a line printer. A largecoding and programming room, offices for theComputer Center personnel, and two classrooms occupy the remainder of the floor.
314 PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERI TG
Note; The School of i\lines and Metallurgyis only about 5 blocks from the RegionalOffice of the .S.G.S. TopographicBranch which has charge of map makingfor most of the Mid west States. The
Topographic Branch has a very complete line of photogrammetric equipment, and are very cooperati"e in givingtours and instruction to the universitystudents.
The Ohio State University, Department of Geodetic Science
Columbus, Ohio
COURSE DESCRIPTIO:-lS (Quuter Hours)
Note; All the courses except the first oneare of Graduate level.
521 PHOTOGRAillMETRY I
2 hours lecture and 3 hours laboratory eachweek. 3 credit hours (under-graduate).
History of photogrammetry. Principles ofprojecti ve geometry, central projection.Photograph and map. Outlines of orientation.Elemen ts of photogram metric optics. Cameras. Lenses; normal, wide angle, super \I'ideangle, aberrations, distortions and resolvingpower. Filters, shutters and auxiliary equipmen t. Principles of photography, development, emulsions, density. Principles of stereovision, natural and artificial stereovision,resolving power, plasticity. Basic parallaxformulas. Different methods for stereoscopicviewing. Stereometer instru men ts. Geometryof single photograph, relief, scale, tilt anddetermi nation of ou tel' orien tation elemen ts.
622 PHOTOGRA~n1ETRY II
2 hours lecture and 3 hours laboratory eachweek. 3 credit hours.
Stereometer instru men ts, design, corrections, accuracy, radial triangulation, principal point, nadir point and isocenter triangulations: paper templets, stereotemplets,mechanical tem plets, analytical solu tion.Rectification, formulas, instrument design,inversors, practical procedures. Map compilations, sketch masters, reflecting projectors,photomosaic. Single oblique photogrammetry, trimetrogon charting. Terrestrial photogrammetry. Introduction to second-orderstereoscopic methods and instruments.
623 PHOTOGRA\IMETRY III2 hours lecture and 3 hours laboratory each\I·eek. 3 cred ithou rs.
Geometry of projection type instruments.lVlap coordinates from photo coordinates andphoto coordinates from map coordinates.Differentials of Y-Parallax equations. Operations of second-order plotting instruments,
optical mechanical relative orientation, numerical relative orientation, absolute orientation. Differen tials of X-Model deformations.Accuracy of relative orien tation, accuracy ofelevation determination. Design of secondorder plotting instruments; multiplex, Kelshplotter, 'vVild A8 and similar.
625 PHOTO-!i\TERPRETATION
2 hours lecture and 3 hours laboratory eachweek. 3 credi thou rs.
Principles of photo-interpretation; varioustechniques; equipment. Human factor inphoto-interpretation. Aerial photographyused for photo-interpretation; sharpness ofaerial photographs, con trast properties, theeffect of sunlight, choice of films and filters,infrared photography, choice of season foraerial photography. Photo-in terpretation forplanning purposes including highway design.Application of archaeological research. Application for military purposes.
688 FIELD WORK IN PHOTOGRAilIMETRY
5 credit hours.
Field identification and interpretation forvarious mapping purposes. Signalization ofground control points and boundary points,aerial photogrammetry and terrestrial photogrammetry. Photography with phototheodolite. Location and determination of photogram metric baselines in terrestrial photogrammetry. Location and determination ofground control points in aerial and terrestrialphotogrammetry. Use of microwave distancemeasuring equipment.
721 AERIAL AN'D TERRESTRIAL PHOTOGRAPHY2 hours lecture and 3 hours laboratory eachweek. 3 credit hours.
Optical and photographic properties ofphotogram met"ic cameras. Interior and exterior orien tation of photographic pictures.Camera Calibration. Resolution. Practicaluse of photogram metric cameras. Varioustypes of photogram metric cameras, phototheodoli te, aerial cameras, stellar cameras,
COURSES AVAILABLE IN PHOTOGRAMMETRY 315
ballistic cameras, artificial satellite-trackingcameras. Photogram metric flight mission,survey, airplanes, na\'igation, etc. Photographic laboratory.
723 STEREOPHOTOGRA~[METR Y I
3 hours lecture and 3 hours laboratory eachweek. 4 credit hours.
Theory and practice of first-order stereoplotting instru men ts.Review of second-orderstereoplotti ng instru men ts. Kelsh plotter andM ul tiplex. General theory of first-order andsecond-order stereo plotting instru men ts. Zeissparallelogram. Zeiss Stereoplanigraph, Santoni Stereocartograph, \ rild Au tograph A 7,Wild Autograph A9, Poivilliers Stereotopograph, Nistri and Thompson Plotters. Variousmethods of relative orientation. Scaling ofmodel. Absolute orientation. Plotting fromaerial and terrestrial photography.
725 PHOTOGRAMMETRY IN PRACTICE
2 hours lecture and 3 hours laboratory each\\·eek. 3 credit hours.
Flight planning. Station project in terrestrial photogrammetry. Determination of geodetic elements in terrestrial and aerial photogrammetry. Accuracy consideration. Signalization of ground control points. Cadastralphotogrammetry. Photogeology. Applicationof photogrammetry in ballistics. Near photogrammetry and microphotogrammctry. Efficiency considerations in photogram metricoperations. Economical considerations, costestimation and quotation. Organization ofphotogram metric projects and establish men tof photogram metric laboratories.
794 SPECIAL ST DIES 1/\ GEODETIC SCIE:\CE
3 to 9 credi t hours.
Assigned reading, laboratory, or field work,under the guidance of a staff member, arranged to meet the I'equirements of individualstudents.
795 SEMINAR IN GEODETIC SCIENCE
1 to 3 credit hours.
Seminar in Geodetic Science
823 STEREOPHOTOGRA)L\lETRY II
3 hours lecture and 3 hours laboratory.4 credit hours.
Theory of errors of exterior orientation,Model errors, Parallax formulas. Model deformations. Theory of critical surfaces. Relati\'e orientation of mountainous models.Theory of errors of interior orientation.
Checking and adjustment of first-order stereoplotti ng instru men ts. Grid measuremen ts.Rclative orientation, model scaling, and absolute oricntation for convcrgent photography.
824 AElllAL TRIA:-iGULATION
2 hours lecture and 3 hours laboratory each\\·eek. 3 credit hours.
Aerial triangulation with first-order stereoplotting instrumental mcthod of high-flownmodels, aeropolygon method, aerole\'elingmethod, method \\·i th independen t geodeticcontrols, block triangulation. Derivation oferror propagation formulas for strip triangulation. Various strip adjustment procedures.Strip triangulation in flat and mountainousareas. Radial triangulation. Attainable accuracy in aerial triangulation, and economicalconsidera tions.
825 A~ALYT1CAL PHOTOGRAM~[ETRY
2 hours lecture and 3 hours laboratory eachweek. 3 credit hours.
Measurement of photographic coordinateswi th \\'ild Au tograph A 7, Nistri stereocompal-ator and other comparators. Analyticaland numerical determination of ground control points from terrestrial photography. Determination of missile trajectory points fromphotographs taken wi th ballistic cameras.Determination of orbit points of artilicialsatellites from photographs taken with atellite-tracking cameras. Analytical and numerical determination of photographic air stations. Analytical aerial triangulation, Stellarphotogram metry.
950 RESEARCH 1:\ GEODETIC SCIEI\CE
Research for thesis or dissertation purposesonly.
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC EQUIPMEKT AND
LABORATORY FACILJTIES
i-Wild Aerial Camera RC 5i-Wild Photothcodolite T 30i-\Vild Stereometric Camera 40 cmi-Wild Autograph A7 with electric coordi-
nate printeri-l\istri Stereocomparator TA 3i-Kelsh Plotteri-Bausch and Lomb Multiplexi-Bausch and Lomb Rectilieri-Zeiss Multiplexi-Zeiss Rectilieri-Zeiss Stereotopei-Ryker Plotteri-Viewer for Sonne Camera Stereolilmi-Enlarger
316 PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGI EERING
1-Third-Order Stereoplotter-Wild and Delft Mirror Stereoscopes with
parallax bars1-Reproduction camera-Small Equipment-11 offices and laboratories-Complete set of I.T.C. Bibliography cards
COMPUTING CENTER FACILITIES
1-IBM 7094 Computer System
l-IBM 1620
1-GE 635
30 Electric Desk calculators
Purdue University, School of Civil Engineering
lafayette, Indiana
COURSE DESCRIPTIONS (Semester Hours)
CE-205 ENGINEERING SURVEYS Il
Sem. 1 and 2. 2 class hours and 3 laboratoryhours each week. 3 credit hours.
Second course of basic surveying for undergraduates, which includes a short introduction (3 weeks) in photogrammetry.
CE-503 PHOTOGRAMMETRY
Sem. 1. 2 class hours and 3 laboratory hoursper week. 3 credit hours.
Theory and construction of photographicmaterials and cameras; terrestrial photogrammetry; geometry of photograph; rectification,mosaics, radial line triangulation; theory ofparallax; theory and construction of parallaxmeasuring instruments and optical and mechanical projection systems; interior, relativeand absolute orientations; map compilationand engineering applications.
CE-603 ADVANCED PHOTOGRAMMETRY
Sem. 2. 2 class hours and 3 laboratory hoursper week. 3 credit hours.
Theory of orientations for vertical and convergen t photography; theory of errors anderror propagation in photogrammetry; calibration of photogrammetric instruments;various aero-triangulations-their application and error propagation; determination ofmaximum bridging distances and economicalconsidera tions.
CE-604 A~ALYTICAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY
Summer Session. 2 class hours and 3laboratory hours per week. 3 credit hours.
Theory and design of analytical photogram metric instrumen ts; analytical orien tations; space resections and in tersections;analytical aero-triangulation; au tomation incom pu ta tions; stellar photogram me try .
CE-567 ENGINEERING USES OF AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY
Sem. 1. 2 class hours and 3 laboratory hoursper week. 3 credit hours.
Air photo in terpretation and application toengineering surveys for city planning, highways, airport, and transportation in general,with emphasis on interpretation of land formsand their influence on location studies.
CE-667 AIRPHOTO INTERPRETATION OF SOILSAND ROCKS
Sem. 2. 1 class hour, 6 laboratory hourseach week. 3 credit hours.
Principles and techniques of airphoto interpretation applicable to the identificationand evaluation of soils and rocks; use of aerialphotography in the location of materials ofconstruction. Three field trips are requiredwith transportation cost involved on two, andtransportation and three-day subsistance involved on the third.
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC EQUIPMENT ANDLA BORATOR Y FACILITIES
1-Kelsh PlotterSeveral Multiplex Units
5-Abrams Contour Finders2-Fairchild Stereocomparagraphs2-Fairchild Parallax Bars
12-A brams Vertical Sketch masters2-01d Delft Scanning Stereoscopesl-Fairchild Mirror Stereoscopel-Aristo Coordinatograph
Airphoto library and photographic darkroom
1-Lazy Daisy Mechanical Triangulator2-0blique Sketchmasters
COMPUTING CENTER FACILITIES
1-IBM 7094 Computer System1-LGP-30 Electronic Computer
21-Electric Desk Calculators
COURSES AVAILABLE IN PHOTOGRAMMETRY
Syracuse University, Department of Civil Engineering
Syracuse, New York
317
COURSE DESCRIPTIO;-.ls-(Semester Hours)
cE-101G PHOTOGRAM~1ETRY
3 Credit Hours. One term.
A beginning course in photogrammetrywhich includes introduction to photogrammetry, aerial cameras, geometry of the singlevertical photograph, stereoscopy and parallax, geometry of overlapping vertical photographs, planning aerial photography, groundcontrol, radial line plotting, mosaics, geometry of the til ted photograph, scale poi n tmethod of til t determination, in troduction tostereoscopic plotting instruments includingContour Finder, Stereocomparagraph, Multiplex, Balplex, and Kelsh Plotter, photo interpretation. Laboratory exercises incl ude theuse of the Contour Finder, Stereocomparagraph, Reed Auto Focus Projector, andSal tzman Projector.
CE-210 ANALYTICAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY I
3 Credit hours. One term.
An introduction to analytical photogrammetry including Church resection and orientation, trimetrogon, and 4 pt. control extension; triangulation methods of G. H. Schut,and U.s.c. & G. S.
CE-211 ANALYTICAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY II
3 Credit Hours. One term.
Continuation of CE-210; An introductionto the algorithms of Schmid and Brown,analytics of panoramic and strip photography, stellar camera calibration.
CE-212 INSTRUMENTAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY I3 Credit Hours. One term.
This course is concerned with the study ofthe mathematical theory of the stereo modelas appropriate to the plotting instrument, andwith the various methods of instrumental triangulation along with auxiliary devices suchas the statoscope and A.P.R. During thelaboratory the studen t is able to use theMultiplex, Kelsh, Balplex Stereotope andRyker plotters.
CE-213 INSTRUMENTAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY II
3 Credi t Hours. One term.
This course includes the theory and designof the major photogrammetric plotting instruments, camera calibration, and photogrammetry applied to highways, cadastre.
CE-214 TERRESTRIAL AND ?\OX -TOPOGRAPHICPHOTOGRAMMETRY
3 Credit Hours. One term.
The course is concerned with applicationsof photogrammetry to other than the aerialcase. The subjects include the photo-theodolite, the short focus precision camera and itscalibration, object space coordinate errors as afunction of errors in elements of interior andexterior orien tation. Laboratory exercisesinclude use of the Wild Photo-theodolite,Wild C-12 fixed base stereocamera, the Zeisssteteocomparator and the Mann Comparator.
CE-301 and cE-302 SPECIAL INVESTIGATIONS3 Credit Hours. One term.
For students with a special interest inpursuing some phase of photogrammetry orgeodesy to a greater depth than possible innormal courses. In the past students ha\'edone work in photogrammetry in high\\'aywork, camera calibration, analytical triangulation.
CE-397 THESIS 1/\ PHOTOGRA~nIETRY
6 Credit Hours.
The following photogrammetry courses areavailable through the College of Forestry, ofthe State University of New YOI'k at SyracuseUniversity.
FOREST MANAGEMENT 120 PHOTOGRAMMETRY(MENSURATIONAL)
3 Credit Hours. One term.
Stereoscopic examination of aerial photographs. Methods of measuring tree heights;estimation of forest areas, types, conditionclasses, and timber volume from aerial photographs. Ground work pertaining to cull, volume tables, composition of species and relatedfactors. Flying specifications. Recent developments.
FOREST MA~ AGE~IENT 121 (LA~D ~'!AX AGEMENT)
3 Credit Hours. One term.
Photogrammetric engineering methods inforest land management, cadastral mapping,property control, tax problems, protection,ti mber and range managemen t, mul ti pIe useplanning. Location and preliminary planningof transportation systems and other engineering functions.
318 PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING
PHOTOGRA~I~IETRIC EQUlp~IEl\"T A:\'DLA I30RATOllY FACILITIES
1~l\lann Comparator Type 422CI~Kelsh Plotterl~Balplex Plotter1~.MultiplexPlotter~3 projectorl~ZeissStereotopeI~Ryker PL-4 PlotterI~SaltzmanProjectorI~Reed Autofocus ProjectorI~Zeiss Stereocomparator for Terrestrial
PhotographyI~Zeiss Photo-Theodolite and Subtense BarI~Wild Photo-Theodolite and Subtense Barl~'vVild C-12 Stereometric Camera (120 cm.
base)I~ZeissHand Held Aerial CameraI~K-24Aerial Camera2~Modified K-21 Cameras for Close Range
Photography
l~\\-ild Pug II Point larking InstrumentAlso numerous small equipment such ascontour finders, stereo-com paragraphs,sketch masters, etc.Two plotting rooms are ayailable and aphotographic laboratory.A mensuration laboratory wi th con trolledem-ironment enables analytical studies ofhigh precision to be conducted.
COMPUTING CENTER FACILITIES
I~IBM 7070-1401 Computing SystemI~Royal McBee LGP 30l~BurroughsE-101
The computing system includes the necessary supporting equipment such as key punchunits, sorter, collator. IBM 407, reproducer,verifier, xy plotter, etc.
The University of Texas, Deportment of Civil Engineering
Austin, Texas
COURSE DESCRIPTlO:\,S (Semester Hours)CE-268,368 A:\,ALYTICAL pHOTOGRAMMETRY
2 or 3 credit hours.
Geometry of photographs, til t analysis,orientation study, stereoscopic model deformation, and photogrammetric instrumentation.
CE-3681( PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND ;\-IAppING
3 credit hours.
Geometry of aerial photographs, planimetric and topographic measuremen ts, mapcompilation, and mapping processes usingphotographs.
CE-3921(.1. PHOTOGRA~1METRY APPLIED TOE:\'"GINEERIKG A:\'"D SCIE:\'CE RESEARCH
3 credit hours.
Photography, measurements from photographs and evaluation and in terpretation ofphotographic measuremen ts applied to research projects. Projects may be selected bythe studen t.
CE-392K.2. AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHIC Il\"TERPRETATlON Al\"D EVALUATION
3 credi t hours.
Principles and methods of photographicinterpretation. Problems include vegetation,hydrology, soils, geology; planning for industry, cities, and transportation systems.
cE-397.4 SPECIAL ST DIES IN CIVIL ENGINEERIl\"G
Sec. 4, 2 to 6 credi t hours.
Surveying and photogrammetry
GEo.3771( MAPS Al\"D AIR PHOTOS'
3 credit hours
GEO, 391.3 SEMINAR IN GEOLOGY, STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY AND GEOMORPHOLOGY'
3 credit hours
GEO. 394.3 RESEARCH IN GEOLOGY, STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY AND GEOMORPHOLOGY'
3 credit hours.
AST. 392 PROCEDURES ON OI3SERVATIONALASTRONOMY'
3 credit hours.
PHOTOGRA~DIETRICEQ IPMEl\"T ANDLABORATORY FACILITIES
l~T\\'o-Projector Multiplex2~Two-Projector Balplex (One instrument
in Ci\·il Engineering and one in Geology)l~Coordinatemeasuring instrument
Stereoscopes
CO~I PUTlNG CE:\'TER FACILITIES
l~Con trol Data Corporation 1604l~IBM 1620l~LGP 30
* Geology and Astronomy Courses may involveconsiderable photogrammetry and/or photo interpretation but varies from year to year.
COUI{SES AVAILAULE IN l'HOTOGl{A.I~IETH\'
The University of Wisconsin, Department of Civil Engineering
Madison, Wisconsin
319
CO RSE DESCRIPTloNs-(Semester Hours)
cE-400 PHOTOGRAM~IETRY
3 credit hours.
The geometry of the aerial photograph;factors in flight planning; ground control foraerial mapping; principles of radial line plottillg; stereoscopy and parallax; geometry ofoverlapping vertical photographs, elemen ts ofphoto-in terpretation; mosaics.
CE-402 ADVANCED PHOTOGRAMMETRY
3 credi t hours.
Cameras and photography, terrestrial photograph, stereoscopic plotting instru men ts,map compilation; obliq ue photographs; mapping from obliq ue photographs; rectification;convergent photography; analytical photogram metry; photogram metry applied to research.
CE-404 E;\GI:"EER[1'\G APPLICATIOXS OF AIRPHOTO DITERPRETATlO:" II
3 credit hours.
Determination of soil, bedrock and drainage characteristics of land areas by airphotointerpretation; engineering characteristics oflandforms; use of airphoto interpretation forengineering soil surveys, construction materials sun'eys, and site and route location.
CE-699 AOVA~CED Il\DEPE;\OE:"T INVESTIGATIONS
Credit hours variable.
Research problems with opportunity forindependen t work.
GEOGRAPHY 630 ELE~'IE:"TARY AIR PHOTOINTER PRETATlON
3 credit hours.
Use of air pholos as tools for topical research in the social and physical science5Field work.
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC EQ InlENT A:"DLABORATOR Y F ACILITlES
1-\"istri Stereoplotter1-\Yild Photo-theodolite
20-Stereocomparators, Fairchild2-Metal, Slotted templet, radial line plot-
ting sets4-Vertical Sketch mastersI-Saltzman opaque projector2-Comparators
Normal Lens, mirror and prism stereoscopes
Laboratory facilities include a photo library, laboratory for photo interpretationcourses, photographic dark room with standard dark room equipment, laboratory formosaic and large layout work, map library,shop facilities for instrument repair and construction of special equipment.
CO~I PUTIXG CE:"TER F ACILITJES
Can trol Data CorpOl'ation 3600Control Data Corporation 1604Control Data Corporation 160International Business Machine 1460International Business Machine 1620 Model [(Engr. Compo Center)International Business i\Iachine 1620 i\[oclelII (Engr. Compo Center)