costa rica guide

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CONTENTS:

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQS) 2 TRAVEL QUESTIONS 3 OUR RECOMMENDATIONS 6 QUESTIONS ABOUT YOUR AGENCY 7 CLIMATE, GEOGRAPHY, PEOPLE 8 BIODIVERSITY 9 GOVERNMENT AND ECONOMY 10 FOOD, HEALTH & SAFETY 10

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) How much do I tip waiters and other hired help? Although tipping is not very common in Costa Rica (because it's usually included), a general rule of thumb is to tip like you would in your own country. In most restaurants a 10% service charge is already added to your bill. If you receive exceptional service, we recommend leaving an additional 10%. For porters, 200 colones (about 50 cents) per bag is a fair gratuity. Tipping taxi drivers is almost unheard of but if you feel the urge, it will be well received! For tour guides, follow the guidelines for each company or again, tip like you would in your own country for similar services. Is the electricity standard North American voltage? YES! You can plug any normal electric-powered device (hair dryers, shaver, laptop computer, etc.) into an electrical wall outlet in Costa Rica. Where can I exchange money? Exchange US Dollars - When you arrive, you may exchange your money at any local bank or most of the upscale hotels (if you are one of their guests). Note that you will get a better exchange rate at banks. You may also get foreign currency by using your ATM card. However, it's important that you know the exchange rate before you do this. US dollars are widely accepted in Costa Rica, in fact, many tours and accommodations are set in US currency. As long as you have low denominations, paying for small purchases should not be a problem, however the exchange rates will vary depending where you exchange your US dollars or purchase with them. Currently, the rate is about 500 colones to the dollar. In a pinch, dollars are pretty widely accepted, but you'll probably receive your change in colones. Credit Cards – Credit cards are widely accepted by most businesses in Costa Rica. Most vendors give discounts for using cash, as credit card merchant companies charge high percentages on transactions here. Travelers Checks - Although accepted by most establishments, you will usually be charged an exchange commission fee between 2-5%.

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How much money should I bring? That really depends on what you intend to do, see, buy, etc. But to give you a fair estimate on costs, a typical lunch, dinner costs around $5 at an affordable restaurant or “soda” or up to $15 at a nicer establishment. Beer or mixed drinks run about $2.00 at a typical bar or restaurant, and up to twice as much at a nicer hotel or high-end eatery. Taxi fares are very affordable compared to U.S. cities. A short trip (2-3km) within San Jose, or at a beach town where taxis are prevalent (such as Quepos), costs will be anywhere from $2 to $6. Costa Rica is seen by some as a very affordable destination and expensive by others. There is a dual economy here (local/foreign) and if you wish to make the effort to find bargains they certainly do exist, as do tourist traps that overcharge. Be smart, know the value of the colon vs. your currency and purchase accordingly. What time is it there? Costa Rica is 6 hours behind Greenwich Mean Time, which is equivalent to Central Standard Time (CST) in North America for half of the year. Costa Rica does not change clocks ahead for daylight savings time, so from April through December local time is one hour ahead of CST. What are normal business hours? Government offices are generally open from 8 am to 4 pm, while banks close anytime between 3:00 and 7:00 pm, according to the bank and its branch. Most shops are open from 9:00 am to 6:00 pm, while some open at 8:00 am and others close at 7:00 pm; most grocery stores close at 8:00 pm. Some shops also close for lunch, between noon and 1:00 or 2:00 pm.

Travel Questions Identification / Entry Requirements: For US citizens, a valid passport is all that is required. For non-US citizens, a passport and sometimes a Visa are required. We strongly recommend that for US and non-US citizens alike you check with the Costa Rican Consulate in your area as to the most up-to-date Passport and Visa requirements. Upon entry, each tourist is issued a 90-day tourist visa. If you plan to stay beyond the 90 days, make sure you leave the country for 72 hours and then re-enter for a new 90 day visa or receive special permission / work visa before you arrive. It's also a good idea to have several copies of the picture page of your passport with you when you travel. Baggage on International and Domestic Flights: In country flight baggage restrictions vary from carrier to carrier. However, most flights only allow a 25-pound baggage limit per person. In fact, before some flights, they will actually weigh you and your luggage to make sure. For International flights, 2 bags to check and 1 to carry is the standard (usually with a 75 pound limit for each bag).

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What should I pack in my suitcase? Sunglasses Swimsuit Beach Towel A hat Sunscreen Insect Repellant A light raincoat and/or umbrella A Sweater/Light Jacket and Long Pants: evenings can be chilly (especially in San Jose of mountainous regions) Clothing comfortable for hiking, touring, etc. (70-90 degree weather) Hiking Shoes Sandals Day pack (fanny pack, backpack, etc.) Your Passport or Birth Certificate and 3 copies of whichever you bring Your Driver's License Credit Card and/or Traveler's Checks English/Spanish Dictionary (many locals and 90% of tourism industry speak English) A Costa Rican Guidebook (Fodor's, Lonely Planet, etc.) Drugstore items (toothpaste, soap, lotion, razor, etc.) Pharmaceuticals can be costly in Costa Rica Camera and Film How are the roads? If you do any driving in Costa Rica, you will almost certainly do some traveling on the Pan-American Highway. This is the main artery of Costa Rican travel and is heavily used. The road is windy and somewhat dangerous in parts. However, the main highways are constantly improving in quality and in general are not unpleasant to drive. The roads to the more popular beaches are fairly well kept, but there are potholes that you would not expect in North America. The biggest problem with driving in Costa Rica isn't the roads, it's the slow-moving vehicles (mostly trucks) that cause delays and the dangerous passes that frustrated drivers make in attempt to overtake them. As there are few traffic cops in Costa Rica, drivers tend to be a little aggressive in their maneuvers, so drive VERY defensively. Roads to more remote locations (Osa Peninsula, Dominical, Monteverde) are in very poor shape and require a sturdy 4x4. Driving times can vary greatly depending on traffic and road conditions. The drives to Jaco, Quepos, Playas del Coco and Puerto Viejo are, in our opinion, among the most pleasant and easiest to manage. If renting a car in Costa Rica, make sure you've allowed yourself plenty of travel time between destinations. The mileage can be misleading when planning short trips, road signs are few and far between and driving at night is not a good idea. Also, please be advised of the risk of leaving

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unattended luggage or valuables in your rental car. Consult the map on our site, which has driving distances between destinations. Bear in mind that you will probably average speeds of 70 to 80km per hour on highways and 40 to 50 on back roads: http://www.vacationscostarica.com/map.htm What are the driving times between destinations? It is very difficult to estimate accurate driving times as road conditions, traffic, time of day, and weather greatly affect how long it can take. These are very rough estimates. Typically one can average around 65-75 kilometers per hour on highways and 30-50 on side roads. Be careful to not allow yourself enough time between destinations. Driving in Costa Rica is much more fun if you are not in a hurry. San Jose to Manuel Antonio: 3.75 hours San Jose to Arenal: 4 hours San Jose to Tamarindo: 5 hours San Jose to Puerto Viejo: 3.75 hours San Jose to Monteverde: 5 hours San Jose to Jaco: 2 hours San Jose to Golfito: 8 hours Where are all the destinations where I can take domestic flights? The local national airline (SANSA) offers regular flights to/from popular destinations. All flights depart from San Jose. Barra del Colorado Golfito Liberia Nosara Palmar Sur Puerto Jimenez Punta Islita Quepos Samara Tamarindo Tambor Tortuguero

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Any last-minute advice before I get on the plane? • Pack Light! - Especially if you are using domestic flights, as they have weight limits on luggage. • Customer service here is more relaxed and can be slow. Relax likewise and be patient. • Local traffic practices are less ordered and roads are in a state of ill repair. Drive with care while you are

here. • Downtown San Jose has a pollution problem, primarily due to a lack in car emission regulations. • Thievery is the most common crime. Your status as a tourist makes you a prime target for thieves, so

practice some common sense: Keep valuable items in your front pocket; Do not leave valuable items or luggage unattended in public places or your rental car; Be wary of individuals hanging around the ATM machine.

• Costa Rica is a male-dominated society where "machismo" still rules; do not allow yourself to be offended by the forwardness of some of the men

Our Recommendations Where’s The Best Surf? Surfers were among the first travelers to frequent Costa Rica. While there are no mythical Hawaii-size breaks, Costa Rica is a popular surfing destination for its warm water and year-round waves. Pavones, Jaco, Quepos, Tamarindo and Puerto Viejo are all big surf spots. Some surfers bring their own surfboards; others rent or buy and sell boards while here. Where and when is the best fishing in Costa Rica? Wahoo, Dorado, and Spanish Mackerel are found in the Caribbean while the Pacific also has Marlin, Roosterfish, Sailfish, Snapper, as well as Yellowfin Tuna. Fresh water fishing in mainland Costa Rica includes Rainbow Bass, Snook, and Tarpon. Sport fishing in Costa Rica is excellent on both coasts and there are game fish to be caught during all months of the year. Fishing is of the ‘catch and release’ variety (although a small number are kept for trophies or for eating) and prices vary greatly in price depending on the boat, outfitter and region. Several world record fish have been caught off the coasts of Costa Rica. On the Pacific Coast, Ocotal/Coco, Tamarindo, Jaco, Quepos and the Osa Peninsula are all fishing hot spots with various charter companies. On the Caribbean Coast, Tortuguero and Barra Colorado are popular. The slowest fishing months are September through November on the Pacific and June and July on the Caribbean, though this varies from region to region.

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Where are the nicest beaches? There are a variety of beaches here with different widths, sand color, water color, and foliage. Generally considered among the most attractive are (in no particular order): Playa Langosta (near Tamarindo) – white sand beach with blue Pacific waters and fantastic sunsets Manuel Antonio – one of CR’s most popular for a reason, the National Park is a must-see Playa Samara – wide, white sand, plenty of palm trees and hammocks, very swim-able water, uncrowded Cobano (near Montezuma) – HUGE white sand beach, great surf and very few tourists Pan de Azucar (near Flamingo) – Small, secluded, picturesque white sand beach Cahuita (near Puerto Viejo) – One of the few living coral reefs in Costa Rica, warm Caribbean water Is there good golfing in Costa Rica? Costa Rica is not yet a world-class golf destination, but this is changing rapidly. Some greens near to San Jose include Vista del Valle Golf Course, 18 holes at the Cariari Country Club and Golf Los Reyes. Near the beach golfers will find their fix at excellent courses like 18 holes at the Reserva Conchal Golf Course or Hacienda Pinilla and La Iguana Golf Course at Los Sueños, the newest major golf resort in Playa Herradura (near Jaco). Greens fees run around $100 for guests and $150 for the general public. Royal Pacific Golf & Country Club, an 18-hole course designed by Ron Garl, is a short drive from Conchal. Hacienda Pinilla, located on Costa Rica's North Pacific Coast is just a short drive from Melia Playa Conchal's Garra de León Golf Course. This newly created 18-hole championship links style layout was completed in February of 2001. Mike Young designed the course on what used to be a working cattle ranch and is now part of a 5,000 acre mega-development.

Questions About Your Agency Does it cost more if I book my vacation through your agency? Absolutely not! We earn our commission from the tourism operators, not from our clients. In fact, when we offer special price breaks and discounts, you often pay LESS than if you book direct. What you DO get when you book with us is an objective, expert opinion on particular properties, destinations and tours in Costa Rica, as well as an advocate you can call should any part of your vacation be less than satisfactory. How long have you been in business? Our owners started doing business in Costa Rica in 2000. The travel division began in November 2004.

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What is considered all-inclusive in Costa Rica? We define our vacations as 'all-inclusive' as each price includes lodging, domestic transport, tours, and taxes. Although some hotels we offer DO include food and drink in the traditional 'all-inclusive' sense, most we use do not. We do our best to provide an all-inclusive service to our clients that makes each vacation as worry-free as possible. What sort of souvenirs and gifts can I find there? There are some really neat locally made products that make great souvenirs or gifts. Costa Rican coffee is among the best in the world and makes a great, affordable gift. Other popular items are hot sauces, hand made wood and ceramic crafts, hammocks, leather rocking chairs and jewelry. The artisan town of Sarchi is a popular tourist stop where gifts can be purchased direct from the craftsmen. There are also plenty of tourist shops in downtown San Jose. Will I be traveling with other people on your vacation packages? No. Our vacations are custom itineraries created for each individual or group. Even our pre-packaged itineraries are specific to each customer. Tours may have other people on them, depending on the type of tour and the operator running the excursion. We are not a tour operator, we are a travel agency that coordinates vacation packages and makes the reservations at all hotels, tours, transfers involved with your vacation. We are available to clients 7 days a week while they are in the Country.

Climate, Geography, People Where is Costa Rica? Costa Rica is located in Central America with Nicaragua bordering to the North and Panama to the South. It is bordered on the East and West by water. The East coast is the Atlantic Ocean and the West coast is Pacific Ocean. Costa Rica is situated very near the equator at just 8 degrees latitude. How’s the weather? Costa Rica's year round climate is pleasant with naturally occurring breezes cooling down most of the coastal areas. Temperatures in the highlands and the mountains are warm by day and brisk at night, giving an "eternal spring" feeling. The average annual temperatures range from 31.7°C (89°F) on the coast to 16.7°C (62°F) inland. The rainy, or ‘green season’ lasts from approximately May to December with noticeably drier days during the rest of the year. For a current forecast, check out this link: http://www.weather.com/weather/local/CSXX0009

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When are high and low season? Many people ask what the general time periods of high and low season are. While every hotel defines this slightly differently, it usually corresponds with the dry / green season months. The dry season usually begins in late November and continues through mid-April. The rains here begin in late November and grow heavy in August, September and October. While the months of August and September can be exceptionally wet (though some travelers do not mind at all), the beginning and end of the green season are, in our opinion, some of the best months to travel to CR. Prices are down, the foliage is green and there are fewer tourists. Most hotels will have price breaks in May, June, July, August, September and October. During these months you can count on rain in the afternoons, though it is usually still beautiful from 7am to 2pm. Green season mornings are breathtaking. What is the geography of Costa Rica? Rugged highlands are found throughout most of the country, they range from approximately 1,000 to 2,000 meters (3,000 to 6,000 feet above sea level). The Cordillera de Guanacaste, Cordillera Central, and Cordillera de Talamanca are the main mountain ranges extending the length of the country. There are several active volcanoes (Volcán Arenal, Volcán Poás, Volcán Irazú, Volcán Rincón de la Vieja and Volcán Turrialba) and the country's highest mountain is Cerro Chirripó and reaches a height of 3,819m (12,530 ft.). The country has a relatively long coastline in both the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, as well as a number of rivers and streams that attract expert kayakers and rafters. Costa Rica’s land mass is 51,100 square kilometers, making it about half the size of Kentucky or two thirds the size of Scotland. What is the population and ethnic makeup? Ticos, as Costa Ricans call themselves, are a fairly mixed bunch. Though the majority of the country's 4.5 million inhabitants are the descendants of Spanish immigrants, many families originated from other parts of Europe, Asia, Africa and, of course, Central America. A large number of European white descendants make up a large population, especially in the Central Valley. In the lowlands, more people are mestizo: a mixture of European and Indigenous blood, whereas the majority along the Caribbean coast are of African lineage, and much of the Talamanca Mountain Range is inhabited by full-blooded Indigenous ethnicities of various tribes.

Biodiversity What type of wildlife can I see in Costa Rica? Costa Rica has long been a destination of choice for birding enthusiasts, biology scholars, and nature lovers of all types. Nearly all of the National Parks in Costa Rica are home to an incredible variety of wildlife, including those types mentioned above and more. Manuel Antonio National Park is famous for its semi-tame monkeys. You can also see fantastic jungle creatures on the Osa Peninsula, Tortuguero and other more remote areas. If you love wildlife, be sure to take a guided tour of one of Costa Rica's National Parks. The tour guides at the National Parks

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are incredibly knowledgeable and can point out things you may not notice otherwise. Scarlet macaws, marine turtles, hummingbirds, sloths, leaf-cuter ants, quetzals, toads, frogs, monkeys, crocodiles, toucans, bats, iguanas – the list of wildlife one can see here seems endless. Costa Rica is considered to be one of the most “biologically intense” places on earth, particularly the Osa Peninsula. Due to Costa Rica’s unique position at the continental divide there are a plethora of exotic creatures, flowers and trees. We recommend you purchase a guidebook for more information on what species you can find in each region.

Government and Economy How is the local economy? You don't have to drive very far in Costa Rica, past the coffee, pastures, bananas and other crops, to realize that agriculture is the basis of its economy. Coffee has historically been the country's most important crop, and Costa Rica continues to produce some of the finest coffee in the world. Bananas are the second most important export crop, with vast plantations covering parts of the Caribbean lowlands, there is also significant land dedicated to the cultivation of pineapples, sugar, oranges, rice, hardwoods and ornamental plants, as well as raising cattle for beef and dairy products. For further information about economic indicators, please contact the Central Bank of Costa Rica at www.bccr.fi.cr Is the government stable? If you have read any of the many guidebooks on Costa Rica, then you are probably aware that Costa Rica is a diplomatic, peaceful country with NO standing military. The current President is Laura Chinchilla, who was elected in to office in 2010. Costa Rica has been fortunate to have never had a single war or major political turmoil since 1948, when it abolished its army after a civil war. It is considered by many political experts to be the most stable country in Central America and among the elite of Latin America. An impressive public healthcare system and strong emphasis on education (CR is the most literate of all Latin countries) have resulted in a happy, affluent culture. Like in most developing nations, there is a degree of unrest with the political corruption and shortage of strict law enforcement, but by and large Costa Rica is a country whose people seem quite content with their political leadership.

Food, Health & Safety Is Costa Rica dangerous for tourists? Despite the perception of Latin American countries being dangerous, Costa Rica remains a very safe, stable country. The most common crimes against tourists are pickpocketing and breaking into rental cars. You can certainly avoid being the victim of such crimes by not putting yourself in high-risk situations. Do NOT do anything in Costa Rica that you would not do in your home country. Do NOT buy drugs, party late with strangers, walk alone late at night in San Jose, flaunt cash or wear fancy jewelry. If you get a flat tire, or experience a minor roadside emergency do NOT stop and accept assistance from strangers. Instead, drive to the nearest gas station or public place to change it. Be careful, use good judgment and you will most likely come and go problem free.

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What type of food can I expect when dining out? Costa Rican local cuisine consists mostly of chicken, beef or fish accompanied with rice and beans. The typical lunch menu is called a “casado” and includes one of the first three items, rice and beans and a small salad. The greater San Jose area has a wide variety of dining due to a high concentration of foreign residents and locals of mixed ethnic backgrounds. Dining options are more limited in the beach towns, although Manuel Antonio offers a pretty impressive variety of restaurants. If you like seafood, you can’t go wrong ordering Dorado (Mahi Mahi) or Yellowfin tuna. In San Jose, Asian, Italian, French and international cuisine are all readily available. Among our favorites in San Jose:

• Tin Jo – Asian and Thai dishes, located just off Avenida 2 in downtown San Jose • El Balcon de Europa – Old world Italian restaurant, near Hotel Del Rey in downtown San Jose • Isle de France – Authentic French cuisine in the Hotel Le Bergerac in Los Yoses (San Pedro) • La Princesa Marina – Very affordable local-style seafood restaurant near the Parque La Sabana • Café Mundo – Hip, international cuisine and trendy atmosphere in Barrio Amon

Are there modern medical facilities? YES! Health care in Costa Rica is excellent and there are several ultra-modern hospitals with English speaking Doctors (some are North Americans) in the greater San Jose area. Below are some phone numbers. For emergency assistance in Costa Rica, dial 911. Clinica Catolica (2225-5055) in Guadalupe Clinica Americana (2222-1010) in downtown San José Clinica Biblica (2257-5252, 257-0466) also in downtown San José KOP Medical Clinic (2228-4119) in San Rafael de Escazú Is the sun really intense in Costa Rica? Being in a tropical climate, it can be easy to get sunburned or dehydrated. Make sure you use plenty of sunscreen (remember, we’re just 8 degrees above the equator!) and drink plenty of liquids so as to avoid such problems. What do I do in case of emergencies? In Costa Rica, the 911 Emergency System is in place, however it's sometimes faster to call the Costa Rican Red Cross (128). Make sure to leave a copy of your itinerary with a family member or a neighbor at home with contact numbers for where you'll be each day.

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Is it safe to eat the local produce? The food (fruits and vegetables) in Costa Rica is safe to eat. However, if you are susceptible to upset stomachs when traveling abroad make sure that you only eat peeled fruit and well cooked foods. Can I drink the water? The local authorities state that the drinking water in Costa Rica is perfectly potable, but we recommend that you stick to the bottled variety wherever possible to play it safe. Costa Rica is by NO means Mexico (where Montezuma’s revenge has become the stuff of tourist legends) but there MAY be bacteria in the water in some areas that disagrees with your system. As such, we simply suggest you play it safe and be cautious of what you eat and drink. Are there many mosquitoes? There are surprisingly few mosquitoes on popular tourist beaches. There are more in the rainforest and along the rivers. If you intend to take a river rafting tour or hike the jungle, bring insect repellent. Do I need to take malaria pills or vaccinations? Although nothing is required for entry into Costa Rica, there are recommendations for precautions when traveling to remote areas. If you decide to take precautions in this regard, it's best to do so 2 to 3 weeks before your departure. Many passengers ask about Malaria pills. Although we are not doctors, we do not recommend taking Malaria pills unless you are planning on being in a remote or high-risk area. Please consult your physician as well as the CDC's website for the latest updates when planning your trip to Costa Rica. http://www.cdc.gov/travel/camerica.htm Are there dangerous currents for swimmers? There are several beaches that claim the lives of many swimmers every year. Costa Rica’s beaches do not usually have lifeguards, so you need to be very aware of rip tides and undertows. Most of these accidental deaths are caused when swimmers panic. Most of these tides will pull you out but not under. To escape a rip tide, swim parallel to shore until you find a place where the current subsides, then swim to shore. Do NOT fight the current directly. Beaches with notorious rip tides include: Playa Bonita (near Limon) The entrance of Cahuita National Park Playa Barranca (Puntarenas) Playa Espadilla (Manuel Antonio) Playa Dominical Playa Jaco Playa Hermosa by Jaco

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