cost room availability passive shielding
DESCRIPTION
Detector spheres for accelerators. Cost Room Availability Passive Shielding. An experimental setup for accelerators. 1 2 3 4. R. 1.27. An experimental setup for accelerators. An experimental setup for accelerators. An experimental setup for accelerators. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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• Cost• Room• Availability• Passive Shielding
Detector spheres for accelerators
Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
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BGO
L ead shield
Beam
BGOClover
T arget
P las tic sc intillator
An experimental setup for accelerators
R
1.27
1 2 3 4
Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
3Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
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An experimental setup for accelerators
Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
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An experimental setup for accelerators
Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
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An experimental setup for accelerators
Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
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An experimental setup for accelerators
Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
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An experimental setup for accelerators
Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
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An experimental setup for accelerators
• Low-energy ultra-weak resonance.• 10 days beam on target.
Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
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An experimental setup for accelerators
Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
Excitation Ionization ion-pair, suppress recombination in detectors.
Energy loss
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Interaction of heavy charged particles
• Electronic or nuclear (Rutherford, nuclear reactions, …) or radiative (Bremsstrahlung).
• Depletion layer.• Delta rays and secondary electrons.• Electron suppression for charge integration in accelerators.• Faraday Cup.• Tracks.
Detectors mainly designed to make use of electronic interactions.
SRIMhttp://www.srim.org
Principles of Spectrometry
Al in Al
Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
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2
2
2
220
20
24
1ln2
ln4
c
v
c
v
I
vmNZ
vm
ze
dx
dE
Stopping power Stopping power Bethe-Bloch formula
Minimum ionizing particles (mip).
~1/E
Principles of Spectrometry
Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
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eV / Å keV / m MeV / mm keV / (g/cm2) MeV / (mg/cm2) keV / (mg/cm2) eV / (1x1015 atoms/cm2)
UnitsUnits
(conversion)(conversion)You will encounter this when you run SRIM
Principles of Spectrometry
Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
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Electron pick-up. ~1/E
What about fission fragments?????What about fission fragments?????
Bragg curve
• Energy loss is a stochasticstochastic process, thus energy straggling.energy straggling.
Principles of Spectrometry
Target
Acc
eler
ated
be
am
Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
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Principles of Spectrometry
Accelerated beam
Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
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Range of charged particles Range of charged particles Compare to gamma … !!!Compare to gamma … !!!Range straggling?Range straggling?
Mean and extrapolated range.
• An “old” idea to measure energy..!• Surface barrier, PIPS.• For a detector to register the full energy of charged particles, its thickness should be more than the range at that energy.• Sometimes we look for partial energy.• E-E detection. • Energy and position position sensitive detectors.sensitive detectors.• Radioactive ion beams.Radioactive ion beams.
Counts number
Principles of Spectrometry
Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
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E-E detection.
Principles of Spectrometry
Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
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Use SRIMData to
reproduce the
graphs.
Energy deposited in an Energy deposited in an absorber (or detector).absorber (or detector).
Or, if “thin” absorber:Or, if “thin” absorber:
Both are not accurate. Both are not accurate. Why?Why?You can do it better with You can do it better with SRIM.SRIM.
tdx
dEE
ave
Principles of Spectrometry
Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
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Principles of Spectrometry
Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
20Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
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Stopping timeStopping time
Problem…!!
• Detector response time. • Effect on Doppler shift and broadening in nuclear reactions.Compare the application of scaling laws and Bragg-Kleeman rule with SRIM.Work out many examples.Ranges?
Principles of Spectrometry
• Units?• Applicability?
HW 21
HW 22
Radiation Detection and Measurement, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).