cosmology: recent developments luca amendola inaf-osservatorio astronomico di roma infn/spazio
TRANSCRIPT
Cosmology: recent Cosmology: recent developmentsdevelopments
Luca AmendolaINAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma
INFN/Spazio
Cosmology: a few things Cosmology: a few things thatthat
I consider interesting, I consider interesting, promisingpromising
and possibly related to and possibly related to space missionsspace missions
Luca AmendolaINAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma
INFN/Spazio
CMBCMBin in 1999…1999…
……20012001
……20032003
SNIaSNIain in 1998…1998…
……20002000
……20042004
New physics and New physics and cosmologycosmology
• Existence and nature of dark energy:cosmological constant, equation of state, scalar field, modified gravity,
interacting, phantom,....
• Tests of gravity:grav. waves, dark matter/baryons, scalar gravity, deviation from inverse square
law, finite range
•Variation of fundamental constants:G(t,r,..), m(t,r,..), α(t,r...)
• Signature of string effects:dilaton coupling, cosmological bounces
•Testing brane-world models:effects of gravitational propagation, compactification
Dark energy/spaceDark energy/space SN in space:
sky coverage, temporal sampling, infraredsensitivity
Dark energy/spaceDark energy/space
mm
dede
H
H
3
3
interaction strenght
equation of state
What is gravity ?What is gravity ?Gravity: a Gravity: a universaluniversal force mediated force mediated
by a by a tensortensor field in field in 3D3D space space
• UniversalUniversal? or violation of equivalence principle?? or violation of equivalence principle?
• TensorTensor? or there are scalar/vector components?? or there are scalar/vector components?
• 3D space3D space? or propagation in n-dim bulk ?? or propagation in n-dim bulk ?
xyyyxx GGG
)1()( / rijij eGrG
])1
(1[)( 1* n
r
mmGrG
inner space/outer space inner space/outer space
InfiniteInfinite bulk: bulk:
ordinary gravity at ordinary gravity at smallsmall scales scales
(<1Mpc)(<1Mpc)
CompactifiedCompactified bulk: bulk:
ordinary gravity at ordinary gravity at largelarge scales scales
(>1 mm)(>1 mm)
inner space/outer space inner space/outer space
InfiniteInfinite bulk: bulk:
ordinary gravity at ordinary gravity at smallsmall scales scales
(<1Mpc)(<1Mpc)
c2
c
rr /1)(
rr /1)(
nrrV
rrV
c2
c
rr /1)(
rr /1)(
nrrV
rrV CompactifiedCompactified bulk: bulk:
ordinary gravity at ordinary gravity at largelarge scales scales
(>1 mm)(>1 mm)
Gravity’s rainbow Gravity’s rainbow
)],(1)[()( * rftGrG ij
Dilaton coupling
Dark energy interactionExtra dim. leakage
Gravity/space Gravity/space
]1)[()( )(/* retGrG
• Such a gravity law will change the Such a gravity law will change the evolution of the universe at all evolution of the universe at all scales and all times if scales and all times if λλ is large is large
• Effects at Effects at backgroundbackground (i.e. cosmic (i.e. cosmic expansion), expansion), linearlinear (i.e., (i.e., perturbations) and perturbations) and non-linearnon-linear (i.e. (i.e. galaxy formation) levelgalaxy formation) level
• If the interaction range depends If the interaction range depends on the local density, experiments on the local density, experiments in space could prove in space could prove necessarynecessary
space in large )(
Earth on small )(
N-body simulationsN-body simulationsΛ α = 0.02
A. Macciò et al. PRD 2004
α = 0.05
Dark Dark
energy/spaceenergy/space New tests of dark energy:•GRB at z>1•CMB and polarization•Sunjayev-Zeldovich effect•Deep photometric/spectroscopic redshift surveys (baryon oscillations)
New tests of gravity:•Lunar laser ranging•Cosmological tests•VEP tests in space
Gravity/spaceGravity/space
V(r)
r
mm Mpc
mat
DE
rad