5. 빅뱅의 메아리!우주적 잡음 (우주배경복사)! (cosmic microwave background radiation)!1948: Alpher, Herman, Gamow 5K 예측!

Dicke 검출 계획 1965: Penzias, Wilson 검출 2.7K!

!Princeton

Bell Labs, Holmdel!1978 노벨 물리학상

! In 1963, when the 20-foot horn-reflector was no longer needed for satellite work, Arno Penzias and I started preparing it for use in radio astronomy.

A pair of pigeons was roosting up in the small part of the horn where it enters the warm cab. They had covered the inside with a white material familiar to all city dwellers. We evicted the pigeons and cleaned up the mess, but obtained only a small reduction in antenna temperature.

By mid 1966, the intensity of the microwave background radiation had been shown to be close to 3 K between 21 cm and 2.6 mm, almost two orders of magnitude in wavelength.

The Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation ! Robert W. Wilson (1978 Nobel Lecture)

흑체복사 스펙트럼 (blackbody spectrum)! Mather (2006 노벨 물리학상)

Wien의 변위 법칙!Stefan-Boltzmann 법칙!Planck의 에너지 양자화

신의 지문 (God’s fingerprint)!

Smoot (2006 노벨 물리학상)!

COBEPlanck

Uncertainty Principle

WMAP

modeling!13.8(0.1) !billion years

Sloan digital map!super-cluster of galaxies! The Great Wall

우주의 인플레이션!! ! !

Alan Guth! (MIT)!!!우주의 등방성!isotropy of!the universe

플랑크 시간 (Planck time)! 10-43 초

10-36 초~ 10-32 초