copyright for the digital arts and humanities
TRANSCRIPT
Copyright for the Digital Arts and Humanities
Dr Eoin O’Dell (TCD)
http://dahphd.ie/ & https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Copyright_crystal_orange.png & https://pixabay.com/en/neon-four-numbers-numerals-sign-145088/
Image source: http://dri.ie/sites/default/files/files/digital-humanities-irelands-opportunity.pdf
Image source: http://dri.ie/sites/default/files/files/digital-humanities-irelands-opportunity.pdf
Image source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/mikeblogs/3020135605/
So, just what is?
Copyright and Related Rights Act, 2000
Image source: http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/2000/en/act/pub/0028/index.html
Image source: http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/copyright/copyright-infso/index_en.htm
Directive 2001/29/EC
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Berne_Convention_signatories.svg http://www.clker.com/clipart-red-pin-no-shadow.html http://www.wipo.int/portal/index.html.en
Berne 1886
Section 17(2)(a) CRRA
Image source: https://pixabay.com/en/stamp-characters-label-original-143192/
literarydramaticmusicalartistic works
Image source: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Work_sign_(Israel_road_sign).png
Where the work is made by an employee, copyright vests in the
employersubject to any agreement to the contrary
Section 23(1)(a) CRRA
copy
makeavailable
adapt
Image source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Xerox_914.jpg
Section 37(1) CRRA
copy
makeavailable
adapt
Image source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Irish_Drivers_Licence.jpg
Section 37(1) CRRA
copy
makeavailable
adapt
Image source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Irish_Drivers_Licence.jpg
Section 37(1) CRRA
€
copy
makeavailable
adapt
Image source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Irish_Drivers_Licence.jpg
Section 37(1) CRRA
C
Image source: http://sarahscurr.co.uk/portfolio/#jp-carousel-310Story source: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/travelnews/11379383/How-an-incredible-coincidence-sparked-a-Facebook-plagiarism-row.html
Winner: round 36 of the Telegraph's Big Picture photography competition in 2009
Sarah Scurr, UK
San Rafael GlacierNorthern Patagonian Ice Field
This is my own “non-Photoshopped original”
Marisol Ortiz Elfeldt, Chile
San Rafael GlacierNorthern Patagonian Ice Field
Image source: https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=1536037486671811&set=a.1473317139610513.1073741827.100007967238410&type=1Story source: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/travelnews/11379383/How-an-incredible-coincidence-sparked-a-Facebook-plagiarism-row.html
Image source: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Caledonian_Star_in_Paradise_Bay.jpg
Image source: http://dri.ie/sites/default/files/files/Going-Digital-digital-version.pdf
Image source: http://dri.ie/sites/default/files/files/Going-Digital-digital-version.pdf
GOING DIGITALCREATING CHANGE IN THE HUMANITIES
Standards
Metadata,Vocabularies,Ontologies .
Image source: http://www.djei.ie/science/ipr/crc_consultation_paper.pdf & http://www.djei.ie/publications/science/2013/CRC-Report.pdf
Image source: http://dri.ie/sites/default/files/files/digital-humanities-irelands-opportunity.pdfImage source:
Digital technologies can also be used to create new or augmented artefacts in the humanities
Image source: http://dri.ie/sites/default/files/files/digital-humanities-irelands-opportunity.pdfImage source:
Q: what are the copyright implications of digitisation of late C20th archive photographs for online exhibitions?
Image source: https://twitter.com/TheEllenShow/status/440322224407314432
Image source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selfie#mediaviewer/File:Macaca_nigra_self-portrait.jpg
Image source: http://www.psdgraphics.com/file/gold-copyright-symbol.jpg
Q Do you want to use others’ data?
A Old Public DomainPublic sector dataPermissionLicencesExceptionsLinks
Image source: http://www.psdgraphics.com/file/gold-copyright-symbol.jpg
Q Do you want to use others’ data?
A Old Public DomainPublic sector dataPermissionLicencesExceptionsLinks
life ofauthor
plus70
years(in the EU)
Section 24(1) CRRA
James Joyce died 13 January 1941
Image source: http://www.cearta.ie/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/JoyceNWM.jpg
Image source: http://www.publicdomainday.org/sites/www.publicdomainday.eu/files/World_copyright-terms.jpg
Life plus 50 Life plus 70
Life plus ≥90
Image source: http://geek-and-poke.com/geekandpoke/2006/10/15/copyright-and-academic-freedom.html
Image source: http://1641.tcd.ie/index.php
Image source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/dynamosquito/4265771518
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle
born 22 May 1859 died 7 July 1930
PD EU 1 Jan 2001
Image source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/dynamosquito/4265771518
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle
born 22 May 1859 died 7 July 1930
US pre 1 Jan 1923 now in public domain
comprising 4 novelsand 46 stories
Image source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/dynamosquito/4265771518
In the Company of Sherlock Holmes.
Stories Inspired by the Holmes Canon
Laurie R King &Leslie S Klinger (eds)
(Pegasus Books, 2014)
Image source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/dynamosquito/4265771518
Klinger v Doyle Estate
10 stories in copyright until c.2021
CA 7th Cir16 Jun 2014 (Posner J)
Cert denied3 Nov 2014
Image source: http://dh.tcd.ie/letters1916/
Image source: http://dh.tcd.ie/letters1916/about/copyright/
Image source: http://dh.tcd.ie/letters1916/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/700f51988406f6e7e20de7a658e7c7c0-279x300.jpg
Letter
fromJames Stephens
to
John MacDonagh
dated24 August 1916
Image source: http://dh.tcd.ie/letters1916/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/700f51988406f6e7e20de7a658e7c7c0-279x300.jpg
Assume an unpublished 1916 diary
If diarist died on or before 31 December 1944Then the text is no longer within copyright
Transcribed in 1916Is this just a copy of the original?Is this an infringing copy?Does this create a new copyright work?
If transcriber died in 1958Then any copyright will persist until 1 January 2029
Image source: http://www.psdgraphics.com/file/gold-copyright-symbol.jpg
Q Do you want to use others’ data?
A Old Public DomainPublic sector dataPermissionLicencesExceptionsLinks
@cearta for @TLRHub on #CopyEdDis
Image source: http://www.psdgraphics.com/file/gold-copyright-symbol.jpg
Q Do you want to use others’ data?
A Old Public DomainPublic sector dataPermissionLicencesExceptionsLinks
Image source: https://pbs.twimg.com/media/BqIJ-aFCcAAAr9c.jpg via https://twitter.com/xor/status/477955490719092736/photo/1
Image sources: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Internet2.jpg and http://pixabay.com/en/public-domain-sign-symbol-icon-98568/
≠
No CRRA copyright waiver provisionsBut possible on general principles
Image source: http://www.psdgraphics.com/file/gold-copyright-symbol.jpg
Q Do you want to use others’ data?
A Old Public DomainPublic sector dataPermissionLicencesExceptionsLinks
Image source: http://www.psdgraphics.com/file/gold-copyright-symbol.jpg
Q Do you want to use others’ data?
A Old Public DomainPublic sector dataPermissionLicencesExceptionsLinks
Image source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/opensourceway/5265955179/sizes/o/
Image source: http://dri.ie/sites/default/files/files/digital-humanities-irelands-opportunity.pdfImage source:
A key enabler for Open Data is sustained e-infrastructures with data management planning and digital preservation of theholdings.
Image source: http://dri.ie/sites/default/files/files/Going-Digital-digital-version.pdf
GOING DIGITALCREATING CHANGE IN THE HUMANITIES
Recommendation:Encourage openness
Open Access to data and infrastructures enables enhanced research, research integrity and cost-effectiveness.
Image source: http://psi.gov.ie/
Image source: http://psi.gov.ie/& http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2013:175:0001:0008:EN:PDF
Directive 2003/98/ECSI No 279 of 2005Circular 32/05
Exempt incl cultural institutions, eg libraries, museums, archives
Assimilating
Image source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/spiritual_marketplace/2273665053
You will be assimilated
Resistance is futile
Assimilating cultural institutions, but with some special rules
Not a full right to reuse cultural institutions’ documents
Only documents where reuse has previously been allowed are reusable
1Image source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/spiritual_marketplace/2273665053 (detail)
Assimilating cultural institutions, but with some special rules
Cultural institutions can charge re-users based on the principle of full costs recovery, including a reasonable return on investment.2
Image source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/spiritual_marketplace/2273665053 (detail)
Assimilating cultural institutions, but with some special rules
Cultural institutions may engage in the award of exclusive exploitation rights if necessary to ensure digitization projects.3
Image source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/spiritual_marketplace/2273665053 (detail)
Image source: http://data.gov.ie/
Image source: http://www.per.gov.ie/minister-howlin-launches-open-data-licences-paper-for-public-consultation-at-public-service-seminar/
Minister launches Open Data Licences paper for public consultation at a Public Service seminar
Image source: http://dublindashboard.ie/pages/index
Image source: http://www.psdgraphics.com/file/gold-copyright-symbol.jpg
Q Do you want to use others’ data?
A Old Public DomainPublic sector dataPermissionLicencesExceptionsLinks
Image source: http://www.psdgraphics.com/file/gold-copyright-symbol.jpg
Q Do you want to use others’ data?
A Old Public DomainPublic sector dataPermissionLicencesExceptionsLinks
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Insurance_contract.jpg & http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Samuel_Goldwyn_001.jpg
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Insurance_contract.jpg & https://www.flickr.com/photos/everydaylifemodern/1296418097
Image source: http://chrishadfield.ca/space-oddity/
And now, we are so happy to be able to announce that my on-orbit cover of Space Oddity is back up on YouTube. This time we have a new 2-year agreement, and it is there, for free, for everyone.
Image source: http://www.psdgraphics.com/file/gold-copyright-symbol.jpg
Q Do you want to use others’ data?
A Old Public DomainPublic sector dataPermissionLicencesExceptionsLinks
Image source: http://www.psdgraphics.com/file/gold-copyright-symbol.jpg
Q Do you want to use others’ data?
A Old Public DomainPublic sector dataPermissionLicencesExceptionsLinks
Image source: http://www.ifrro.org/members/irish-copyright-licensing-agency used by kind permission of the ICLA
Image source: https://creativecommons.org & https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons_license
Image source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bespoke_tailoring#/media/File:TailoringFirstFitFront01.jpg
Bespokelicence
Image source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bespoke_tailoring#/media/File:TailoringFirstFitFront01.jpg
Bespokelicence
Example
A repository could license a data set for “teaching and research purposes only”
And have this bespoke “teaching and research purposes” licence as part of a suite of licences available on a drop-down menu
Image source: https://pixabay.com/en/photography-permit-photographer-507776/
Image source: http://www.psdgraphics.com/file/gold-copyright-symbol.jpg
Q Do you want to use others’ data?
A Old Public DomainPublic sector dataPermissionLicencesExceptionsLinks
Image source: http://www.psdgraphics.com/file/gold-copyright-symbol.jpg
Q Do you want to use others’ data?
A Old Public DomainPublic sector dataPermissionLicencesExceptionsLinks
Image source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/28/Smithfieldhorse.jpg
Part II Chapter 6 CRRA
FairDealing
Image source: https://books.google.ie/
estimated 30 million retro-digitised books
is only the publicly known side of large scale cultural corpora.
Section 52(1) CRRA
incidental inclusion
Image source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Penyulap/Barnstars#/media/File:Starry-night-in-moma-gallery.jpg
Image source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Penyulap/Barnstars#/media/File:Starry-night-in-moma-gallery.jpg
Q: can a production company use the cover of a book or the cover of a sound recording as part of a film or TV documentary?
Image source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Penyulap/Barnstars#/media/File:Starry-night-in-moma-gallery.jpg
Fraser-Woodward Ltd v BBC[2005] EWHC 472 (Ch) (23 March 2005)
Image source: http://dri.ie/sites/default/files/files/digital-humanities-irelands-opportunity.pdfImage source:
Once rendered into digital format, artefacts and records become a new and rich source of information for scholarship that can be interrogated and mined in illuminating ways
Image source: http://www.djei.ie/science/ipr/crc_consultation_paper.pdf & http://www.djei.ie/publications/science/2013/CRC-Report.pdf
Image source: via http://www.pixabay.com & http://www.dataiq.co.uk
ContentMining
Image source: http://dri.ie/sites/default/files/files/digital-humanities-irelands-opportunity.pdfImage source:
Image source: http://www.djei.ie/science/ipr/crc_consultation_paper.pdf & http://www.djei.ie/publications/science/2013/CRC-Report.pdf
Heritage
• Format shifting for archival or preservation purposes
• Catalogues• Digital deposit• Public lectures
Image source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/hannesambrosch/8754871950/sizes/o/
Galleries, Libraries, Archives, Museums
Image source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Thomas_kennington_orphans_1885.jpg
The European Union (Certain Permitted Uses of Orphan Works) Regulations 2014 (SI 490 of 2014)
Transposing Directive 2012/28/EU of 25 October 2012 on certain permitted uses of orphan works
In force since 29 October 2014
Image source: http://www.djei.ie/science/ipr/crc_consultation_paper.pdf & http://www.djei.ie/publications/science/2013/CRC-Report.pdf
Image source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Thomas_kennington_orphans_1885.jpg
Q: If a firm closes down, but the heirs to the founders of the firm are still alive, what’s the status of that firm’s business records? Are they orphan works, since the firm closed down, or do the heirs hold the copyright to those records?
Image source: http://dri.ie/sites/default/files/files/Going-Digital-digital-version.pdf
GOING DIGITALCREATING CHANGE IN THE HUMANITIES
Long-term Digital Preservation
Image source: http://www.psdgraphics.com/file/gold-copyright-symbol.jpg
Q Do you want to use others’ data?
A Old Public DomainPublic sector dataPermissionLicencesExceptionsLinks
a clickable link is a ‘communication’ but not “to a new ‘public’ ”
Svensson v Retriever Sverige AB
Case C-466/12 CJEU 13 Feb 2014 [25]
Image source: http://books.google.ie/books?id=hxxAAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA385#v=onepage&q&f=false
Image source: http://www.djei.ie/science/ipr/crc_consultation_paper.pdf & http://www.djei.ie/publications/science/2013/CRC-Report.pdf
Image source: http://dri.ie/sites/default/files/files/Going-Digital-digital-version.pdf
GOING DIGITALCREATING CHANGE IN THE HUMANITIES
Linked Data is data published on the Web following a set ofprinciples designed to promotelinking between entities on theWeb. …. It is set to become aformal standard of the W3C and will be a fundamental part of the future of the Web.
Image source: http://lod-cloud.net/
Data sets and their connections August 2014
http://www.europeanaconnect.eu/img/46-63-europeana-group.jpg & http://dri.ie/sites/default/files/files/Going-Digital-digital-version.pdf
Europeanais piloting Linked Data to encourage exchange and re-use of its data
Image source: http://dri.ie/sites/default/files/files/digital-humanities-irelands-opportunity.pdfImage source:
Image source: http://www.djei.ie/science/ipr/crc_consultation_paper.pdf & http://www.djei.ie/publications/science/2013/CRC-Report.pdf
Image source: https://pixabay.com/en/copyright-stars-european-circle-40632/
Image source: http://ec.europa.eu/index_en.htm
… as part of the Digital Single Market Strategy, the Commission will … modernise EU legislation on copyright
Standing Committee on Copyright and Related Rights: Thirtieth Session (Geneva, Switzerland) 29 June 2015 to 3 July 2015
7. Limitations and exceptions for libraries and archives 8. Limitations and exceptions for educational and research institutions …
Image source: http://www.wipo.int/meetings/en/details.jsp?meeting_id=35590
Image source: http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/2980019
Image source: http://www.dri.ie/public-lecture-copyright-digital-arts-and-humanities-dr-eoin-odell
Image: http://pixabay.com/en/thank-you-thanks-official-card-603996/
QUESTIONS?