copyright © 2001 by harcourt, inc. all rights reserved. consciousness and drugs
TRANSCRIPT
Copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc. All rights reserved.
Consciousness and DrugsConsciousness and Drugs
Copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc. All rights reserved.
Drugs and Consciousness
• Psychoactive Drug– a chemical substance that alters perceptions and
alters mood, and sometimes alters behavior
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Physical dependence• Tolerance
– diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug
• Withdrawal– discomfort and distress
that follow discontinued use of a psychoactive drug
After repeatedexposure, moredrug is needed to produce same effect
Drug dose
Drug effect
Response tofirst exposure
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Types of drugs
– Based on their effects (in the CNS)
– Quiz:• barbiturates, nicotine, heroin, Ecstasy,
methylphenidate, oxycontin, diet pills, “magic mushroom,” solvents, Xanax
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Depressants
• Reduce neural activity and slow body functions– Alcohol
• Bar study (video)
– Barbiturates– Opiates
• opium and its derivatives (morphine and heroin)
• depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety
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Molecular Similarity of Opiates & Molecular Similarity of Opiates & EndorphinsEndorphins
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OpiatesOpiates
Molecular Molecular Similarity of Similarity of Opiates & Opiates & MethadoneMethadone
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Stimulants
• Drugs that excite neural activity and speed up body functions
• caffeine, nicotine, amphetamines
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The physiological effects of nicotine
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Cocaine Euphoria and Crash
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Hallucinogens
– drugs that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images (in the absence of sensory input)
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Hallucinogens
• LSD – lysergic acid diethylamide (acid)
• Shrooms• PCP• THC
– active ingredient in marijuana– triggers a variety of effects, including mild
hallucinations