copy of ai in medicine - glenhove events hub...applications chatbots role of ethics review of...
TRANSCRIPT
Overview of AI, ML, DL, SI
Applications
ChatBots
Role of ethics
Review of ethical concerns
Review of benefits
CONTENTSOverview of seminar
PS
SA
| 3
1 A
UG
20
19
PS
SA
| 3
1 A
UG
20
19
PS
SA
| 3
1 A
UG
20
19
PS
SA
| 3
1 A
UG
20
19
PS
SA
| 31
AU
G 2
01
9
PS
SA
| 31
AU
G 2
01
9
PS
SA
| 31
AU
G 2
01
9
PS
SA
| 3
1 A
UG
20
19
PS
SA
| 3
1 A
UG
20
19
PS
SA
| 31
AU
G 2
01
9
M L - M A C H I N E L E A R N I N G
D L - D E E P L E A R N I N G
"Narrow AI"
[Weak] [Applied]
"General AI"
"Super AI"
H U M A N I N T E L L I G E N C E
S U P E R - H U M A N
PS
SA
| 31
AU
G 2
01
9A I - A R T I F I C I A L I N T E L L I G E N C E
Any code or algorithm that can
reason and adapt in a way that
exhibit cognitive functions
Programmed rules
Manually taught
Reacts to input
Automation
Binary
PS
SA
| 31
AU
G 2
01
9A I - A R T I F I C I A L I N T E L L I G E N C E
Any code or algorithm that can
reason and adapt in a way that
exhibit cognitive functions
Programmed rules
Manually taught
Reacts to input
Automation
Binary
M L - M A C H I N E L E A R N I N G
AI which includes mathematical
algorithms for automated learning
and statistical modelling
Programming includes automated
learning algorithms
Neural Networks (NN)
Learns over time - reinforced,
supervised learning etc
Prediction is possible
PS
SA
| 31
AU
G 2
01
9A I - A R T I F I C I A L I N T E L L I G E N C E
Any code or algorithm that can
reason and adapt in a way that
exhibit cognitive functions
Programmed rules
Manually taught
Reacts to input
Automation
Binary
M L - M A C H I N E L E A R N I N G
AI which includes mathematical
algorithms for automated learning
and statistical modelling
Programming includes automated
learning algorithms
Neural Networks (NN)
Learns over time - reinforced,
supervised learning, etc
Prediction is possible
D L - D E E P L E A R N I N G
The neural networks and nodes are multiplied
in the matrix. Highly complex, requires
sophisticated machines
Automatically detects features for
classification
Problem solving end-to-end
Complexity of NN
Large data sets required
High processing power & GP
vid
Automated analytics
PS
SA
| 31
AU
G 2
01
9
Automated visualisations
Natural Language Processing
Image recognition
Diagnostics Research Patient care
Systems efficiency & automation
Predictive reports
Source: Techcrunch
CHAT BOTSMimic HCP / patient conversations
PS
SA
| 3
1 A
UG
20
19
CHAT BOTS
Medical advice
Emotional support
Diagnostics
Continuous care
Compliance monitoring
CHAT BOTS
vid
PS
SA
| 3
1 A
UG
20
19
Source: GYANT
PHARM BOTS
vid
ETHICS SKILLS
Ethics applied to medicine, healthcare and biomedical research
is called ‘bioethics’. In this fascinating discipline, science and
philosophy come together to help healthcare workers and the
public make better decisions.
Bioethics debate and research also contribute to policy
frameworks as well as laws that regulate the healthcare
industry.
ETHICS SKILLS
C O N S T R U C T I O N O F A R G U M E N T S
C R I T I C A L T H I N K I N G S K I L L S
K N O W L E D G E O F T H E O R I E S , V O C A B U L A R Y
T U R N T H E C H E S S B O A R D
R E G U L ATO R Y / L E G A L V S E T H I C S
AUTONOMY & CONSENT
Respect for persons, means that physicians have a duty to fully discuss treatment options
with patients and get their permission to proceed.
Positive duty
Comprehension
Permission or refusal
Discussion of options
Knowledge of context
PAT I E N T E X P E R I E N C E
AUTONOMY & CONSENT
U S E R A G R E E M E N T S
Prompted to tick agree
Long and often incomprehensible
Written by lawyers
Not negotiable
Terms may change without notice
Terms promote that interests of the company
PRIVACY & CONFIDENTIALITY
Under conditions of maximum autonomy, full and absolute data rights would be afforded
to the patient.
When dealing with a HCP, s/he maintains confidentiality over any personal or medical
information shared.
In digital medicine, where a log-in is required, both types of information are divulged.
Under a user agreement it may not be explicit how that information is used.
The manufacturer/pharma; insurer; HCP and patient may all potentially have access to the
data.
Argue that this is needed to contribute to research and development, maintenance and
updates. Future improvements on the tech may be required. Thus, identified data may be
needed.
Monitoring may be needed to assess user generated error in the case of liability threats.
ALGORITHMIC BIAS
If the ML algorithm is being trained with biased information
If programmers inadvertently programme prejudices into the rules of the software
Simply fail to recognise when am algorithm will lead to bias
Unfair, biases outcomes
Arbitrary outcomes
Creating / maintaining privilege
Vulnerable groups
I S T E C H N O LO G Y N E U T R A L?
BENEFITS
P R O L I F E R AT I O N O F I N T E G R AT E D M E D I C A L K N O W L E D G E
T R E AT M E N T A D H E R E N C E – C A R E B OT S , D I G I TA L P I L L S
D I G I TA L P H E N OT Y P E – R E S E A R C H , P E R S O N A L I S AT I O N
J U S T I C E - A CC E S S TO M E D I C I N E
Q UA L I T Y – P R E C I S E , TA R G E T E D, I N N O VAT I V E
…
“Intelligence is knowing the
right answer. Wisdom is
knowing when to say it.”
TIM FARGO
CONTACT
+27 824025774
P H O N E N U M B E R
E M A I L A D D R E S S
Candice de Carvalho
E A S Y E T H I C S C P D