cooperative measurement and modeling of open networked systems (commons) sascha d. meinrath new...
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Cooperative Measurement and Modeling of Open Networked Systems
(COMMONS)Sascha D. MeinrathNew America Foundation
Correspondence: Sascha Meinrath [email protected]
1630 Connecticut Ave., NW Phone: +1 (202) 986-2700
7th Floor SKYPE: saschameinrath
Washington, DC 20009 AIM/Gizmo: saschameinrath
USA
Presented at the Rural Telecom Congress in Springfield, Illinois, October 15, 2007.
All content, unless otherwise noted, is covered by an attribution, non-commercial, share-alike Creative Commons license.
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Community Media, Historically
• 1700s – Newspapers & the Postal Service.
• 1840s – Telegraph.
• 1900s – Telephone.
• 1920s – Radio.
• Post WWII – Television/Public Access TV.
• Today – Broadband (Internet) Connectivity.
• Tomorrow – Interconnected Multi-Media Community Intranets.
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Home Network
Graphic Credit: Pat Bergschneider
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Local Network
Graphic Credit: Pat Bergschneider
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Muni & Community Wireless Networks
• Locally-grounded.
• Unincorporated, non-profit, hybrid partnerships, municipally supported.
• Off-the-shelf hardware.
• Support both social & economic goals.
• Usually proprietary.
• And still beholden.
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Hub & Spoke Networks
• Centralized
• Relatively expensive
• Bandwidth-intensive
• High-power
• Single point-of-failure
• Slower than P2P/Mesh
• BUT, allow one to charge for all traffic
Graphic Credit: Darrin Drda
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Mesh Networks
• Decentralized
• By-passes obstacles
• Relatively cheap
• Low-power
• Very fast
• Supports P2P Services & Applications
Graphic Credit: Darrin Drda
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Scores of websites & portals Hundreds of e-mail lists Tens of thousands of users IRC Server VoIP Services Streaming Audio & Video
Graphic Credit: Jason Pitzl-Waters
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The CUWIN/UCIMC Network
Graphic Credit:Dan Meredith
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How Many Wireless Networks Exist?
Nobody knows.
In the US: over 300 active and planned
(municipal) networks.
In Europe, South America, etc.: ?
Around the globe: ???
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Projected Growth of US Municipal Wireless Market (in millions)*
2004 -- $47.5
2005 -- $116.9 (147% YTY Growth Rate)
2006 -- $235.5 (102% YTY Growth Rate)
2007 -- $459.6 (95% YTY Growth Rate)
2008 -- $941.0 (105% YTY Growth Rate)
2009 -- $1,757.5 (87% YTY Growth Rate)* Source MuniWireless.com 2006 Municipal Wireless State of the Market Report
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Example: US CWNs (2006)*
Regional & Citywide Networks: 58 Tempe, AZ; St. Cloud, FL; Chaska, MN
City Hotzones: 32 Los Angeles, CA; Washington, DC; Urbana, IL
Public Safety & Municipal Use Only: 35 San Diego, CA; Las Vegas, NV; New Orleans, LA
City- & County-wide Projects (RFP and/or deployment phase): 69
Phoenix, AZ; Mountain View, CA; Philadelphia, PA Cities & Counties Considering Wireless:
11 Chicago, IL; St. Paul, MN; New Haven, CT
* Muniwireless.com April 2006 Summary of City and County Municipal Projects
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Wireless Ghana
Provides Public Services to Hospitals, Municipal Buildings, Rural Bank, NGOs, etc.
Private Backhaul
Image Courtesy of Wireless Ghana
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Mamelodi, South Africa
Graphic Credit: CSIR
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Djursland, Denmark
Graphic Credit: Djursland Network
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Athens, Greece
Graphic Credit: Athens Wireless Network
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Katrina Disaster Response
Graphic Credit: Radio Response
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Community Networks Inside the US
Graphic Credit: Free Press
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ProposalCooperative Measurement and Modeling of
Open-Networked Systems (COMMONS): Experimentation with different architectures & business models. Use strengths of cooperation to overcome current Internet service provision shortcomings. Collaboration offers backbone transit in exchange for privacy-respecting, participant-defined data-collection for use by network researchers and scientists.
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Economic Imperatives
1Mbps symmetric costs:$10/month in San Francisco$80-90/month in Chicago$320/month in Urbana$1300/month in Greenup
Peering ratio costs.
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The “Edge of the Broadband World”Cumberland
County, Illinois1532 Residents692 Houses, 393
FamiliesNorth of HidalgoEast of Neoga
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The US Broadband “Backbone”
Military Private
Corporations Educational
Institutions Not-for-profits States Cooperatives
Graphic Credit: CAIDA
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NLR-Based Peered Network
Graphic Credit: Free Press/NLR
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The Illinois Century Network
4,911 K-12 Schools 322 Colleges &
Universities 492 Libraries &
Museums 67 Healthcare Facilities 2,092 Municipal
Governments 131 “Others”
8,015 Clients (Jan '07)Graphic Credit: Illinois Century Network
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Potential Partners Internet2 QUILT NLR RONs Educause, NATOA, & Other Coalitions State Networks Municipalities and Community Wireless Implementors (cities, WISPs, NGOs, etc.) CRACIN & Other Innovative Organizations
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Some Lessons Learned That SupportSocial and Economic Justice
• Share bandwidth – buy bulk wholesale.
• Distribute information storage.
• Integrate community intranet services.
• Foster mobile uploading & universal access.
• Support anonymous usage and downloading.
• Create immediate community-wide broadcasting & media production opportunities.
• Open Source, Open Architecture, Open Spectrum Solutions.
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Immediate Problems Solved:
Alleviates commercial sector of so-called “impossibly low margin customers”. Secures First Amendment rights of free speech and expression. Provides emerging community networks with a level playing field. Gives science a chance – creates a resource for network research for the public good.
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Long-Term Solutions Creates opportunities for sound measurement and analysis – the key to telecommunications policy that serves the public good. Helps achieve the goal of universal, affordable service – which the “free market” has failed to deliver. Accountability and local control -- facilitates a solution that pushes control over the network as far to the edge as possible. Fosters new generation of innovation in services, applications, hardware, & software.
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More InformationSascha D. Meinrath [email protected]: +1 (202) 986-2700AIM, Skype, Gizmo: saschameinrath
CAIDA: caida.orgCOMMONS: caida.org/projects/commonsNew America: newamerica.netCUWiN: cuwin.netWireless Summit: wirelesssummit.orgFor Consulting: ethoswireless.com
Presentation online @ www.saschameinrath.com