cooperative contention-based forwarding for wireless sensor networks
DESCRIPTION
Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks. Long Cheng †‡ , Jiannong Cao ‡ , Canfeng Chen § , Hongyang Chen ∥ , Jian Ma § , Joanna Izabela Siebert ‡ † State Key Lab of Networking & Switching Tech ., Beijing Univ. of Posts and Telecomm ., China - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Long Cheng†‡, Jiannong Cao‡, Canfeng Chen§, Hongyang Chen∥, Jian Ma§, Joanna Izabela Siebert‡
†State Key Lab of Networking & Switching Tech., Beijing Univ. of Posts and Telecomm., China‡Department of Computing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
§Nokia Research Center, Beijing, China∥Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
COOPERATIVE CONTENTION-BASED FORWARDING FOR WIRELESS SENSOR
NETWORKS
ACM IWCMC 2010
![Page 2: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2
Outline• Introduction• Related Works• Goals• Assumption• Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding (CCBF)• Simulation• Conclusion
![Page 3: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3
Introduction• Geographic routing
Source
Sink
Poor link qualityUnreliable link Interference
Overhear transmissions
Overhear transmissions
![Page 4: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
Introduction
Source
How to choose the cooperative node?
Sink
B
![Page 5: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
Introduction• Cooperative
– PHY Layer
Sender Receiver
Cooperative node (CN)
Sender Receiver
Cooperative node (CN)
![Page 6: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
Introduction• Cooperative
– MAC Layer
Sender Receiver
Cooperative node (CN)
![Page 7: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7
• CBF (Cluster-based forwarding)
Related Works
Sender A
D
C
Sink
Distant helper
B
nexthop
Intermediate helper
![Page 8: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8
CBF
Sender A
nexthop B
C
D
Data
Data
Data
Data Data
Slot for distant helper Slot for intermediate helper
Sender A
D
C
Sink
Distant helper
Intermediate helper
nexthop B
New nexthop
RTS CTS
New nexthopData
![Page 9: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9
• CBF (Cluster-based forwarding)
Related Works
Sender A
D
C
Sink
Intermediate helper
B
nexthop
![Page 10: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10
CBF
Sender A
nexthop B
C
D
Data
Data
Data
Slot for distant helper Slot for intermediate helper
Sender A
D
C
Sink
Distant helper
Intermediate helper
nexthop B
New nexthop
RTS CTS
New nexthop
Data
Data
![Page 11: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11
• CRL (Cooperative Relaying and Leapfrogging)
Related Works
Sender A
D
C
Sink
LPF
B
1) Didn’t receive RTS from A.2) Overhear a data packet from
C.
LeaPFrog Node
nexthop
Relay
![Page 12: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12
CRL
Sender A
nexthop B
C
LPF D
Data
Data
Data
Sender A
D
C
Sink
LPF
nexthop B
LOSS
Data
Data
Data
Timer
ACKD terminates the forwarding process of B.
D becomes a new sender.
RTS CTS ACK
Relay
![Page 13: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
Related Works – Disadvantage
D
Destination
C
B
nexthop
Sender A
helper
helper
t0: A→B
t1: C→B
t2: D→B
Sender A
nexthop B
C
Data
Data
Data
LOSS
Data
DData
Data
Data
Data duplications
Hidden helper problem
Packet duplications
![Page 14: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14
Goals• Select better next-hop.– increasing the average advance per hop (AAPH)
• Avoid packet duplications.
DS
C
A B
![Page 15: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
Assumption• Every node knows
– Its location.– Neighbor locations.– Destination and its location.
![Page 16: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding (CCBF)
Sender A
E
DDestination
C
B
nexthop
Overview
![Page 17: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
CCBF• Phase I
– Nexthop Selection
• Phase II– Cooperative Forwarding
![Page 18: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18
CCBF• Next-Hop Selection
Sender A
B
C
E
RTS CTS
BackoffC = t(sender, C, dest.)
BackoffE= t(sender, E, dest.)
ndestinationsendertbackoffn ,,
,0 , ,
1 randomiTr
dnsEADVmax
PRR
dnDistdsDist
/1
) ,() ,( BackoffB = t(sender, B, dest.)
Sender A
E
C
B
Destination
![Page 19: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19
d
• Next-Hop Selection
CCBF
ndestinationsendertbackoffn ,,
,0 , ,
1 randomiTr
dnsEADVmax
PRR
dnDistdsDist
/1
) ,() ,(
Sender A
19
NODE B
Dist 141-116 = 25
PRR 0.91
C
141-133 = 8
0.79
E
141-104 = 37
0.41
EADV 22.75 6.32 15.17
NODE B C E
• Dist(B,d) = 116• PRRB = 0.91
• Dist(E,d) = 104• PRRE = 0.41
• Dist(C,d) = 133• PRRC = 0.79
• Dist(A,d) = 141
10s 10s 10sTmax
𝜏 3s 3s 3s
1 −𝐸𝐴𝐷𝑉 ( 𝐴 ,𝑛 ,𝑑)
𝑟 0.43120.8420.621𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑚(0 ,𝜏) 1s 3s 1s
t(s,n,d)(backoff) 5.3𝜇𝑠11.4𝜇𝑠7.2𝜇𝑠
B
E
Packet reception ratio
C
![Page 20: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
20
CCBF• Next-Hop Selection
Sender A
B
C
E
RTS CTS
BackoffC = t(sender, C, dest.)
BackoffE= t(sender, E, dest.)
ndestinationsendertbackoffn ,,
,0 , ,
1 randomiTr
dnsEADVmax
PRR
dnDistdsDist
/1
) ,() ,( BackoffB = t(sender, B, dest.)
Sender A
E
C
B
nexthop
Data
CTS Cancels backoff.
CTS Cancels backoff.
Destination
![Page 21: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
21
CCBF• Phase I
– Nexthop Selection
• Phase II– Cooperative Forwarding
![Page 22: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
22
CCBF• Cooperative Forwarding
– Cooperative Area1) received the data packet
2) received the CTS
3) positive advances toward the destination
![Page 23: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23
CCBF• Cooperative Area
Sender A
E
DDestination
C
B
nexthop
Cooperative Area
1) Received the data packet
2) Received the CTS
3) Positive advances toward the destination
![Page 24: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
24
CCBF• Cooperative Forwarding
Sender A
E
C
B
nexthop
Sender A
B
C
E
RTS CTS
BackoffC
BackoffE
BackoffB
Data
ACK Cancels backoff.
Data
Data
Data
) ,() ,(,, dnDistdsDistdnsADV
dnstbackoffn ,, ,0
, ,1 randomiT
r
dnsADVmax
Phase I Phase II
ACK
ACK Cancels backoff.
…
![Page 25: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
25
CCBF• Next-hop receiver B and it serves as the actual forwarder.
Sender A
B
RTS CTS
Phase I Phase II
ACK
Data
Data …
Sender A
E
Other node
B
Nexthop & forwarder
![Page 26: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
26
CCBF• The helper E serves as the actual forwarder.
Sender A
B
RTS CTS
Phase I Phase II
ACK
Data
Data
… EData
CONF (confirmation)
Data
Sender A
E
Other node
B
Nexthop
Forwarder
Other node(A’s neighbors)
![Page 27: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
27
Simulation
Parameter Value
Simulator NS-2
Sensing range 40m
Map size 200m*200m
Tmax 0.01s
TSIFS 10s
TDIFS 50s
![Page 28: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
28
Simulation
(0,0)
(200,200)
Source
Sink
200m
200m
![Page 29: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
29
Simulation
![Page 30: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
30
Simulation
![Page 31: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
31
Simulation
![Page 32: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
32
Simulation
![Page 33: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
33
Conclusion• CCBF avoids packet duplications.• In simulations,
– Increasing the average advance per hop– Improving the end-to-end energy e ciency and latencyffi– Improving the packet loss ratio
![Page 34: Cooperative Contention-Based Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062305/568150be550346895dbedd30/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Thanks for your attention