conversationalai demystified build your bot in just minutes.€¦ · conversational experience what...
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Conversational AI Demystified
Build your bot in just Minutes.
Platzhalter für Titelbild – Hier können Sie Bilder aus der Mediathek einfügen!
Placeholderfor title picture – Youcaninsertherepicturesfromthe Mediathek!
Sascha Wolter | Chief Advisor for Conversational AI & UX | @saschawolter | [email protected]
Image: Laura & Sascha Wolter
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DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020 Source: cognigy.ai
Conversational AI
The new User Interface.
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DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
Already today screens without "touch" feel broken.
It will soon be the same with devices that cannot speak.
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How does Conversational AI work
Turn-taking
DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
Prompt
Request ResponseInvocation / Intent
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How does Conversational AI work
Turn-taking
DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
Prompt
Request ResponseInvocation / Intent
🧠
Natural Language Processing & Understanding
⚙️
3rd party
Services
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Conversational Augmented Intelligence
Text & Voice
DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
Prompt
Request ResponseInvocation / Intent
🧠
Natural Language Processing & Understanding
⚙️
3rd party
Services
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DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020 Image: Google
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DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020https://www.gartner.com/smarterwithgartner/gartner-top-strategic-predictions-for-2018-and-beyond/
Image: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Broken_mobile_phone_20180403.jpg
By 2021, more than 50% of enterprises
will spend more per annum on bots and chatbot creation
than traditional mobile app development.
Is it really one or the other?
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Conversational Experience
What Researchers say and why Investors bet on bots!
▪ 50 % doubt the reliability
▪ 1 billion active users on WhatsApp
▪ 800 million active users on Facebook Messenger
▪ Every fourth German wants to use Chatbots
▪ 65% of Smartphone Users have used Voice Assistants
▪ 63% like to use Voice to control their home
▪ 63% don’t like to talk to/with machines
DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
CONVERSATIONALEXPERIENCE
VOICE USER INTERFACE (VUI)
https://www.quora.com/Why-are-people-saying-Bots-are-the-new-apps
https://www.bitkom.org/Presse/Presseinformation/Jeder-Vierte-will-Chatbots-nutzen.html
http://www.fittkaumaass.de/news/chatbots-von-jedem-zweiten-online-kaeufer-abgelehnt
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Where to use bots?
From Simple to Complex
Simply FAQIntegrated
QnA
Multi-LevelFAQ
ProcessAutomation
DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
User: “How can I cancel my ticket?”
Bot: “Which of these tickets?”
Complexity (info to transactional)
Conversationality (single question to multi-turn)
User: “How many points do I have?“
User: “I can‘t work today.“
Bot: “How long?“
User: “Who are you?“
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DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020 Image: Deutsche DB Vertrieb GmbH
Amazon Echo Show with Deutsche Bahn Skill
https://bahn.de/alexa.
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DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020 Image: Deutsche Bahn AG
SEMMI (Socio-Empathetic Human-Machine Interaction)
http://bit.ly/db-semmi
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DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020 Image: Deutsche Bahn AG / Volker Emersleben
Dialog am Gleis – Wagenmeister (“train mechanic”)
http://bit.ly/wagenmeister
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Adapt to technical limitations: In
some ways, computers fall short
of human capabilities.
Leverage technical strengths: In
other ways, computers can
exceed human capabilities.
Islands of Genius
DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
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We want to create a world
where Conversational AI
works alongside humans.
Islands of Genius
DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
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DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020 Image: Sascha Wolter
Inclusion
Conversational UIs (i.e. Voice User Interfaces ) allow us
to remain fully human in our interactions and overcomes
permanent, temporary, and situational exclusion.
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A typical Day / User Journey
DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
Sleep
Breakfast
Lunch
Dinner
Sleep
💬
💬
💬
💬💬
🕛 🕒 🕕 🕘 🕛 🕒 🕕 🕘 🕛
▪ Jobs to be done
▪ Used Media
▪ Situation & Context
▪ Pain Points
▪ Opportunities/Value
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DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020 Image: Jonathan Wolter
Ideation
Workshops
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Conversational AI History
Old idea, new name?
1966: ELIZA Psychotherapist
1988: Jabberwacky
1995: A.L.I.C.E
2001: SmarterChild
2013: MITSUKU
2014: Microsoft Xiaoice
2015: Microsoft Rinna
2016: Microsoft Tay
DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zo_(bot), https://www.pandorabots.com/mitsuku/,
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/eliza-chatbot-psychotherapist-sascha-wolter, Image: Sascha Wolter
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Conversational AI: Natural Language
2006: IBM’s Watson
2010: Siri
2012: Google Now/Google Assistant
2014: Amazon Alexa
DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020 Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watson_(computer)
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Human
Pretend to be Smart
Chinese room: Does a machine literally
"understand" Chinese? Or is it merely
simulating the ability to understand
Chinese? Searle calls the first position
"strong AI" and the latter "weak AI".(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_room)
Turing Test: A player C is given the task of
trying to determine which player – A or B – is
a computer and which is a human. C is
limited to using the responses to written
questions to make the determination.(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turing_test)
The Amazon Alexa Prize: A social bot that
can converse coherently and engagingly
with humans on popular topics for 20
minutes (similar to Loebner Prize with 25
minutes).(https://developer.amazon.com/alexaprize)
Image: Jonathan Wolter 2006DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugene_GoostmanDB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
Set Expectation
and Expect the Unexpected.
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V I S U A L SD I S P L A Y P R O M P T S P O K E N P R O M P T
R E Q U E S T
R E S P O N S E
I N T E N T
Dialog Design
DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
CONVERSATIONAL
FLOW
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The Cooperative Principle
Grices’s Maxims (1975)
JUST SAY WHAT IS
INFORMATIVE,
TRUE
AND
IMPORTANT,
AND SAY THIS
CLEARLY!Source: Lexikon der Sprachwissenschaft. 2002. ISBN 3520452030
Image: Herbert Paul Grice (March 13, 1913 – August 28, 1988) , https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/grice/DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
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How to become a Conversation Designer
Screenwriting
(Conversational Copywriting)
Linguistics &
PsychologyTechnology
DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020 https://www.linkedin.com/learning/chatbots-und-conversational-ai-grundlagen, https://medium.com/@cpearl42/how-to-become-a-conversation-designer-b8bbcad54c84
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DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020 Video: https://youtu.be/WTpldq3myV0
Choose voice? Only when it is…
Easier
Faster
More Natural
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DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020 Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Day_1_(building)
Day One
Still in the early days.
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German Federal Network Agency says, any toy capable of
transmitting signals and recording images or sound
without detection is banned. (https://t.co/R7UCmI9aj9)
Uncanny Things
Word Detection and Privacy
DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
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Local Wake Word Detection
Cloud-based Speech Recognition
DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
Local-Listening Remote-Streaming
Wake Word
few seconds
Source: https://www.amazon.com/gp/help/customer/display.html?nodeId=201601790
Speech Recognition
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Local Wake Word Detection
Cloud-based Speech Recognition
▪ Eavesdropping by a Fraction of a Second
▪ Eavesdropping to Improve Quality
▪ Eavesdropping by Accident (false positive activation)
▪ Eavesdropping of Background Noise
▪ Eavesdropping by Government or Hackers
▪ Deactivation of the Microphone
DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020 Source: https://www.amazon.com/gp/help/customer/display.html?nodeId=201601790
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DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020 Source: Clarke's Third Law, Profiles of the Future (revised edition, 1973, Page 36)
Any sufficiently advanced technology
Is indistinguishable from magic.
Arthur C. Clarke
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Chatbot Components
DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
User asks Service answers
Request(Text)
Response(Text, Media)
☺ </>🧠Request(Intent)
Rules & Natural Language Understanding
Device displays
Natural Language Generation
⚙️
3rd partyServices/APIs
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Intents: Why Rules and when Machine Learning?
Alexa, ask Coffee Master where to get Coffee in Berlin
wake word launch invocation name utterance keyphrase keyphrase
Ok Google, ask Coffee Master bla Coffee bla Berlin
wake word launch invocation name utterance keyphrase keyphrase
intent keyphrase keyphrase
SearchIntent type city
rule intent keyphrase keyphrase
SearchRuleIntent type city
a few samples!
many rules?
DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
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How to wreck a nice beach?
DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020 Image: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Beach_at_Msasani_Bay,_Dar_es_Salaam,_Tanzania.JPG
Transcription
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Transcription
How to recognize speech?
DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020 Image: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_science#/media/File:Waveform-above.png
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Speech Recognition
Beware of Homonyms
Die Spinnen.
Die spinnen.
Der gefangene Floh.
Der Gefangene floh.
Wäre er nur Dichter.
Wäre er nur dichter.
Vor dem Fenster sah sie den geliebten Rasen.
Vor dem Fenster sah sie den Geliebten rasen.
Komm, wir essen Opa.
Komm, wir essen, Opa.
DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020 Source: https://en.wiktionary.org/
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DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020 Video: Jonathan Wolter
Hands-on
Smalltak & FAQs
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DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
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DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
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DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
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DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
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DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
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DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
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DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
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DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
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Conversational AI Platform
Collection of tools and technologies that
serve as basis for general development.
DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
Solution of a certain problem without
consideration of related topics.
Code Dialog Design
PlatformPoint Solution
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Lifecycle
Learn & Maintain
DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020 Source: cognigy.ai
Intent Training Analytics
“Self-Learning” Editorial
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Handover to an Human Agent
DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
User asks Human Agent answers
☺ 👽Request
(Text/Voice)
Response(Text, Media, Voice)
Virtual Agent answers
Endpoint changes
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Conversational AI Platform
Collection of tools and technologies that
serve as basis for general development.
DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
Solution of a certain problem without
consideration of related topics.
Code Dialog Design
PlatformPoint Solution
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Effort / Costs
Single Intents are roughly
Category Count
Questions and Answers
Smalltalk Facts
Models × Aspects
Processes × Steps
Total
Effort per Intent is roughly
Category Average
Intent ____ h
Channels + ____ %
Multimodal Aspects + ____ %
Total
Σ = (Conception + Integration + Design) + (Intents × Effort)
+ Operations + Intents × EditorialWeek
DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
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Savings
Usecase Automation Potential Frequency Duration Potential
Password reset 95% 5000 5 Minutes 23.750 Minutes
General call 20% 100 30 Minutes 600 Minutes
Automation Potential × Frequency × Duration = Potential
DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
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DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020 Image: Deutsche Bahn AG / Uwe Miethe/
Speech Technology KI Translation Tool (KITT)
Babelfish for vehicle drivers across borders.
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Machine Translation
DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
User asks Service answers
Request(Text / Transcription)
☺ </>🧠Request
(Text / Intent)
Rules & NLU
Device says & displays
🌍
Translate
Localized Request
🌍Translate
Keep Language
Keep Language
Response(Text, SSML, Media)
Localized Response
📖
Content(Could be Multilanguage)
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DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020
Carrier
https://karriere.deutschebahn.com
https://www.dbsystel.de/karriere
Sascha Wolter | linkedin.com/in/saschawolter | [email protected]
Working. Together. Passionate.
Where it matters!
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DB Systel | Sascha Wolter | @saschawolter | 2020 Source: https://www.speaker.fraunhofer.de/
SPEAKER: A voice assistant platform »Made in Germany«
For business-to-business applications, which makes it possible to ensure the data
sovereignty of personal and company-relevant information. The idea is that companies
will be able to use single modules of the technology and adapt them to their needs.
Implementation starts April 2020.
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Conversational AI Demystified
Build your bot in just Minutes.
Platzhalter für Titelbild – Hier können Sie Bilder aus der Mediathek einfügen!
Placeholderfor title picture – Youcaninsertherepicturesfromthe Mediathek!
Sascha Wolter | Chief Advisor for Conversational AI & UX | @saschawolter | [email protected]
Image: Laura & Sascha Wolter