controlling program flow with decision structures
DESCRIPTION
Controlling Program Flow With Decision Structures. The If…Then Statement. Decision structures to control flow True/False (boolean) decision structure If a condition is true then certain statements will operate If intGuess = 7 Then Me.lblMessage.Text = “You guessed it” End If. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Controlling Program FlowWith Decision Structures
The If…Then Statement
• Decision structures to control flow
• True/False (boolean) decision structure
• If a condition is true then certain statements will operate
• If intGuess = 7 Then– Me.lblMessage.Text = “You guessed it”
End If
The If…Then Statement
• Many If…Then statements will use relational operators
• =• <• < =• >• > =• < >
The If…Then…Else Statement
• Else clause: evaluated when the If condition evaluates to false.
• If intX = intSecret Then• Me.lblMessage.Text = “You Guessed it”
ElseMe.lblMessage.Text = “Try Again.”
End If
Nested If…Then…Else Statements
• When you have an If…Then decision structure within an If…Then decision structure
If…Then…ElseIf Statement
• Used to decide between three or more actions
Select…Case Statement
• Another decision structure
• Sometimes preferred over the if…then…elseif
Select…Case Is Statement
• Compares a range of values by using relational operators.
Random Numbers
• Rnd generates random numbers
• Equal to or greater than 0, less than 1
• (High – Low +1) * Rnd () + Low
• Eliminate everything after the decimal Int
• Randomize
Static Variables
• Retains the value of a variable throughout program execution
• Keep the scope as narrow as possible
• Static intSecret As Integer
Algorithms
• An algorithm states the code in words– Determine a secret number– Get a number from the player– Compare the number and the secret #– If higher than…– If lower than…– If equal…
• Pseudocode: an algorithm with some code
Logical Operators
• Joins two boolean expressions– Not, And, Or (order of operation)
• If intGrade < 0 Or intGrade > 100 then• ‘out of range
• If strItem = “book” And intquant > 10 then• ‘discount items over 10
• If Not strItem = “book” then• ‘done for every item except book
me.radrock.checked
Message Box
• Dialog box
• Created by using its own statement MessageBox.Show(“display”, “title bar”)
• Place anywhere you want a messagebox to appear
Counter Variables
• A variable that is incremented by a constant number
• Keeps track of number of guesses, button clicks, lives in a game
• To increment a counter it is the counter = counter + constant
intNumTries = intNumTries + 1
Test Grade
Checkbox Control
• Prefix - chk
• Similar to radio buttons
• More than one may be selected
• .checked property
To do
Menu