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Contract and Planning Support for BIM in Canada
John Dickinson, P.Eng, Ph.D.
Presentation
IBC
Value of Preparation
PxP Toolkits
BIM Contract Appendix
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May 23 - 2014
Institute for BIM in Canada
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IBC is a joint national organisation (est. 2010):
OwnersFederal
ProvincialPrivate
Institute for BIM in Canada
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Vision:– National approach to BIM adoption
– International compatibility
Objectives:– Define collaborative approaches
– Develop and recommend consistent terminology & best practices
– Endorse and Develop Open BIM Standards
– Industry BIM education
Canadian Productivity andCompetitiveness
IBC Priorities
• Promote BIM and IBC Awareness• Develop a BIM Practice Manual• Environmental Assessment of Canadian BIM use including a Bibliography
of BIM Resources (published April 2011)
• Conduct Canadian BIM Survey to assess adoption and usage (published January
2012)
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IBC Contract Language & PxP Toolkits
Tools for BIM Practice
• Contract Language
– Appendix
– Protocol
– MEA Table
• Toolkits
– Illustrative Guides
– Reusable Templates
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Value of Preparation
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Terminology
Project Uses
Benefits (Drivers)
Concerns
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Building Information Model
Proprietary or Open Standards:
• Structured Information: Elements (things), their Attributes(data) and Relationships (context)
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Building Information Modeling
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Lars Bjørkhaug, Catenda AS
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What does Using BIM in a Project mean?
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• Expert & non-expert
– Client
– Tenants, Public
– Project Team
• Get decisions, buy-in
Communication: Visuals
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3D Coordination: Design & Construction
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• Share & Rely on Models
– Constructability
– Latest versions
– (Semi-) automated clash checks
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Data Reuse: Engineering & Analysis
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Tom
Stron
g, EllisD
on
StructuralVentilation
Cost EstimationLighting
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Data Reuse: Offsite Fabrication, Onsite Erection
• Prefab / Modular construction for– Compressed schedules
– Complex systems
• Coordinated models necessary to– Surety of fit
– Installation / access allowances
• Multiple disciplines
• Design to erection
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Joe Sa
m, Sm
ithC
arter
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Data Reuse: Model-Based Schedules
• Schedules from models– Contractors
– Procurement
– Quantity Surveyor
– Suppliers …
• All project phases
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Data Reuse: Facility Management
• Stakeholders– From Constructors …
– To Owners, Operators,Maintenance …
• Phases:– Design to Occupancy
or Use
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Nam
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Cre
ate
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ate
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Cate
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es
Domestic Cold Water 1 [email protected]:00:3921-51 31 11 17: Domestic Water DistributionM_Water Heater:380 L:380 L:708479
Domestic Hot Water 1 [email protected]:00:4021-51 31 11 17: Domestic Water DistributionM_Water Heater:380 L:380 L:708479
Domestic Cold Water 1 [email protected]:00:3821-51 31 11 17: Domestic Water DistributionM_Backflow Preventer - 15-50 mm:25 mm:25 mm:710758
Domestic Hot Water 1 [email protected]:00:3921-51 31 11 17: Domestic Water DistributionM_Backflow Preventer - 15-50 mm:25 mm:25 mm:710758
HVAC [email protected]:00:3921-51 51: Heating: Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC)M_Air Handling Unit - Split System - Horizontal:63300000 J:63300000 J:567396
HVAC [email protected]:00:3921-51 51: Heating: Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC)M_VAV Unit - Single Duct:400 mm:400 mm:575886
HVAC [email protected]:00:3921-51 51: Heating: Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC)M_Air Handling Unit - Split System - Horizontal:63300000 J:63300000 J:583145
Domestic Cold Water 1 [email protected]:00:3821-51 31 11 17: Domestic Water DistributionM_Sink - Kitchen - Double:1065 mmx535 mm - Public:1065 mmx535 mm - Public:606250
Domestic Hot Water 1 [email protected]:00:3921-51 31 11 17: Domestic Water DistributionM_Sink - Kitchen - Double:1065 mmx535 mm - Public:1065 mmx535 mm - Public:606250
Domestic Cold Water 1 [email protected]:00:3821-51 31 11 17: Domestic Water DistributionM_Shower Stall - Rectangular:915 mmx915 mm - Public:915 mmx915 mm - Public:604833
Domestic Hot Water 1 [email protected]:00:3921-51 31 11 17: Domestic Water DistributionM_Shower Stall - Rectangular:915 mmx915 mm - Public:915 mmx915 mm - Public:604833
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Multiple Sources, Uses, Phases, Stakeholders
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Creating, Maintaining & Using the model
Lars Bjørkhaug, Catenda AS
Communication
• all facility aspects
Collaboration
• all stakeholders
Data Reuse
• entire life-cycle
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BIM in a Project
Activities typically:
• Information heavy
• Involve multiple participants
• Found in any project phase
BIM serves as the:
• Glue for multi-stakeholder collaboration on the tasks
• Conduit to carry the needed information through the project
More participants:
• Used by more stakeholders
• More information available
• More potential Value
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Benefits (Drivers)& Concerns
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Drivers: Project Benefits
Reduced Rework
• Clash detection
• Visual coordination
• Everyone using same model
Increased Productivity
• Reduce data re-entry
• Less manual interpretation
• Collaboration
Timely, Quality Product
• Offsite fabrication
• Compressed schedules
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Cost, Time, Quality, Risk
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Drivers: Practitioner Benefits
Reduce Risks
• Conflicts
• Constructability
• Sequence
• Missing specifications
• Visualise decision implications
Increase rewards /
reduce costs
• Reduced data entry
• Streamlined information access
Competitive edge
• Required BIM deliverables
• International competition
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Concerns: Change
• Changing
– From in-house BIM to sharing BIM
– Expectations
• Replacing
– Drawings with Models
– New processes
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Concerns: Costs
Obvious initial costs:
• Team-wide: software, hardware and training
• Team-wide communication technology upgrades
• Initial lost productivity
Some less obvious ones:
• Fostering team BIM awareness and buy-in
• Reconciling company processes and project processes
• Work load re-allocation (to earlier in a project)
• Maintenance of technology
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Concerns: Possible Liabilities
Issues
Ownership• Model a deliverable?• IP, Copyright
Control• Access and distribution
Responsibility• Model Uses• Scope & Intent
Standard of care
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Common Approaches
Rests with author• Licensed for use by parties in
project for project• Agreements cover any
deliverables
Policy and Technology• Submission tracking• Access controls
Federated models• Delineation by model• Uses defined
Professional “duty of care” remains
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Best Response: Preparation
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IBC Support for Preparation
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• BIM Project Execution Plans (PxPs)
• IBC PxP Toolkits
• Contract Language
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Execution Plans are the foundation that every BIM project must rest on. Without defining the processes, the who's, what's, when's, etc.
success is rendered an unnecessary crap shoot, often ending in loss of profit and ultimately litigation.
- Jay Zallan, Executive BIM Consultant, Bernards Brothers
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BIM Project Execution Plan
• Purpose– Document details of how BIM will be used to support a project
– At a minimum the Logistics
• who, doing what, when done, how shared
• Different names – Same general intentBIM Protocol BIM Project Execution Plan (PxP, PEP)
BIM Execution Plan (BXP, BEP) BIM Deployment Plan
Project BIM Plan (PBP)
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What the Plan Does for You
• Define your project commitments– Reduce liability and risk
• Secure benefits (at worst minimise extra costs)
• Get team on the same page regarding processes– Avoid (costly) misunderstandings during execution
– Lead to sufficient infrastructure for BIM uses - not sexy but essential
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PxP is Detailed
– References to standards
– Descriptions of processes
– Roles and responsibilities
– Modeling requirements
– Software requirements
– Sharing requirements
– Anything else that is important to the BIM manager
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For this reason, BIM plans are often built from a template.
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NBIMS PxP Template
NBIMS PxP Guide v2.1
• Integrated planning and documentation procedure
• Developed at Penn State University (bim.psu.edu)
• Endorsed by IBC and the buildingSMART Alliance
• Core materials freely available
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Common Concerns with NBIMS Template
• Some sections are academic
• Thorough once you are familiar with it
• Steep learning curve
• Guide explains what, not how
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IBC PxP Toolkits for BIM Planning
• Three toolkits– Design Development
– Construction Management
– Facility Management Handover and Operations
• Based on real-world multi-stakeholder BIM
• Details have been adjusted to represent a realistic planning scenario
• Not “perfect BIM”
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Toolkit Structure
• Overview document explanation of illustrative case
• Template reusable Word and Excel files
• Example PxP completed for illustrative case
• Guide
• All three toolkits share a structure so information is interchangeable.
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Guide: Flowchart
• High level overview
• Sequence and flow of decisions
• Related steps grouped together
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Guide: Checklist and Summary
• One page summary of development process of that section
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Guide: Annotations and Explanations
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Information
Warnings
Anecdotes
Decision
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Contract Language for BIM in Canada
• No standard contracts in Canada for design or construction that address the use of BIM.
• Until now.
• Three documents have been developed:
• IBC 100 - BIM Contract Appendix
• IBC 201 - LOD, Authorized Uses & Model Element Table
• Model Element Table
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Plan and the Contract
• More in the PxP than contractually required
• IBC Approach – cover the Logistic elements
• Model Deliverables (during and end of project)
• Mechanisms for sharing / collaborating
Elements necessary for the team to be able to rely on the model to meet project goals and deliverables
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Contract Appendix highlights
• Clarify definitions and terminology
• Address risk and reliance– What will models be used for
– What is required to be in the model to support that use
• BIM Protocol and Model Management
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IBC 201-2013Authorized Uses, Model Element Table, LOD
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Model Element Table Content
• Categorical breakdown – OmniClass, UniFormat, MasterFormat
• When / Purpose – task, phase, milestone …
• Author(s) – discipline or company
• Level of Development
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Early Virtual Construction Mid Virtual Construction Structural Elements Complete
LOD S MEA LOD S MEA LOD S MEA
SUBSTRUCTURE Foundations Standard Foundations 300 S CC 500 CC 500 CC
Specia l Foundations 300 S CC 500 CC 500 CC
Slab on Grade 300 S CC 500 CC 500 CC
Basement Excavation N/A N/A N/A
Basement Wal ls N/A N/A N/A
SHELL Superstructure Floor Construction 300 S GF+SF+CC 400 S GF+SF+CC 500 GF+SF+CC
Roof Construction 300 GF+SF+CC 400 S GF+SF+CC 500 GF+SF+CC
Exterior, Bearing, Shear Wal ls 300 S GF+SF+CC 400 S GF+SF+CC 500 GF+SF+CC
Exterior Windows 200 CM 200 CM 400 S CM
Exterior Doors 300 CM 300 CM 400 S CM
Roofing Roof Coverings 300 GF+SF+CC 300 GF+SF+CC 400 S CM/GF+SF+CC
Roof Openings 300 GF+SF+CC 300 GF+SF+CC 400 S CM/GF+SF+CC
Project Elements: MEA = MODELLING ELEMENT AUTHOR; SCHEDULED = S
Basement
Construction
Exterior
Enclosure
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Level of Development (LOD)
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Grade (UK AEC)0 – Schematic1 – Concept2 – Defined3 – Rendered
Number (US AIA)100 - 500
B
A
Information
Schematic Size & LocationC
General Size & Location, include
parameter data
Accurate Size & Location, include materials
and object parameters
Letter Grade (Penn State Example)
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Issues with LOD
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• Digital data can be very precise– Without being at all
accurate
LOD Caveats
• LOD is not just the presence of the information but the reliability of the information– E.g. Borrowing a model of a pump as a placeholder
– Looks completed
– Is NOT actually what will be procured and installed
• Level of Detail vs. Level of Development– Level of Detail originated as a computer graphics term
– Technically describes only the rendering or visual aspects
– Nevertheless, some guides use Level of Detail instead of Level of Development
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Conclusion
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Takeaways
IBC
• National approach:
• Collaborative BIM
BIM projects have costs & liabilities
• Preparation is key
IBC PxP Toolkit and Contract Language
• Templates and guides supporting BIM Projects
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Questions
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