continental drift and plate tectonics - mr. sjokvist · 2019-10-10 · continental drift and plate...
TRANSCRIPT
Continental Drift and
Plate Tectonics Science 10
L1 17.1 Features of
Plate Tectonics • What you will learn
• Layers of the earth
• Composition of layers
Layers of the Earth
These layers are the crust, mantle (upper and
lower), outer core, and inner core.
Crust (Lithosphere) – Layer that is 5-100 km
thick
Mantle – thickest layer, mostly solid except for
upper mantle (Asthenosphere) being able to
flow like “thick toothpaste”
Outer core – liquid iron and nickel
Inner core – mostly solid iron, at tremendous
temperature and pressure
Inner core – mostly solid iron, at tremendous
temperature and pressure
Physics Test Corrections
L1 Questions:
Read pgs491-495
Do Odd Todd p. 496
Yellowstone Video
L1 17.2 Theory of
Continental Drift
• What you will learn
• Theory of Continental Drift
• Evidence for it.
Continental Drift: The
Theory
• Alfred Wegener suggested it in the early
1900’s
• Based on Three pieces of evidence.
1. He noticed the excellent jigsaw
fit of South America and Africa
Looking for clues
• He sailed around the world looking for more
evidence that the continents were connected
in the past.
2.Rocks matched on each side of the Atlantic
ocean.
3.Fossils matched too.
Fossil
match
Pangæa • More work resulted in his discovery that all
the continents were connected at one time.
• This supercontinent was called “Pangea”
• He was of course not believed
As a result of all this evidence Wegener came up
with the theory of
Continental Drift.
L2 Questions:
Read pgs 497-500
Do Even Stefan p. 500
L2 17.3 Topics • Evidence for Plate Tectonics:
• Volcanoes
• Earthquakes
• Mid Ocean Ridges
• Magnetic Striping
• Ancient Glaciers
Support for Wegeners theory came slowly. By the
1960’s the following pieces of evidence for Continent
motion had been discovered.
• Detailed maps of the earth showed volcanoes
and earthquakes only happened in certain
places. These were thought to be plate
boundaries.
Evidence for Plate
Tectonics
Ring of
Fire!!
• Glaciation patterns on the globe made more
sense if pangea were true
• Finally in the early 60’s detailed maps of the
sea floor bottom show mid ocean ridges
mountain ranges stretching across the globe.
• Magnetic striping gave evidence that new
land is being formed under the oceans.
New land is formed at the ridge and
spreads outwards.
Magnetic Striping
L2 Read pgs pg 501 - 503
Do 1-5 11,12 pg 504
Start Vocab p. 512 choose 10
Start Review ?s p. 514 choose 10
Convection activity 1. Plug in your hotplate and let it warm up!!
2. Fill up a 500 mL beaker with cold water
3. Get a chemistry stand, wire gauze and ring clamp
4. Set up the wire gauze half on the ring clamp, half on the hot
plate
5. When ready (not yet!), place the beaker on the gauze
6. Drop a single drop of indicator in the water, and draw its
path
Draw your sketch here
L3 Types of Plate Boundaries
There are 4 ways that 2 plates can interact.
1.Divergent (moving away from each other) eg.
midocean ridges.
2.Convergent Subduction: this is 2 plates
coming together and one being sucked under
the other. eg. pacific coast
3.Convergent Collision: this is 2 plates
crashing into each other and making
mountain ranges. eg India
4.Transform fault: 2 plates sliding by each
other. eg San Andreas Fault
4 Types of Boundaries
Divergent (moving away from each other) eg.
Define each of the 4 types of plate boundaries
State what type of effects we get from each, and
why
Give an example on Earth for each
Find a video clip demonstrating your favorite
type
In the computer lab, make a
brief presentation to share:
Divergent
Divergent Boundaries
• How to tell
• Plates moving away from each other <---->
• mid ocean ridges are formed at these
boundaries
• On land rift valleys form
• Volcanoes may be here
• eg. Iceland
Convergent: Subduction
Ocean/Ocean
Subduction Island
Chain
Deep
Trench
Volcanoes
Deepest trench
Convergent Subduction
Plates moving towards each other >----<
• At least one plate is an ocean plate...
• Trenches form as one plate slides under the other
• Volcanoes and mountains form inland from the
trench if oceanic-continental convergent, e.g. BC
Coast
• Volcanic island arc if oceanic-oceanic, e.g. Fiji
• There are deep earthquakes
Convergent: Collision
• How to tell
• Continental plates moving towards each other
>----<
• mountains are formed
• there are earthquakes
• eg. India into Asia
Convergent: Collision
Transform Fault
• How to tell
• Plates moving past each other
• Earthquakes happen here
• eg. San Andreas Fault in California
Transform Fault
Fence offset by fault
movement
Look at the offset of the
trees!
Plate 1
Plate 2
San Andreas Fault
Activity: Use the brown and blue “Key” books to
model these boundaries. What combination(s)
gives:
1. Transform? (sketch)
2. Divergent (sketch)
3. Convergent subduction (sketch)
4. Convergent collision (sketch)
L3 Read pgs 505 - 507
Do 1-3, 5-8 pg 508
Friday is a Quiz Day
Chapter Review
Finish Vocab p. 512: Choose 10
Chapter Review p. 514 Choose 10