contents18 battery directory & year book (vol.34 no.5) 16 - 30 september 2019 (published on...

Battery Directory & Year Book (Vol.34 No.5) 116 - 30 September 2019 (Published on 21.10.2019)

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2 Battery Directory & Year Book (Vol.34 No.5) 16 - 30 September 2019 (Published on 21.10.2019)


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The 15th Power-On Battery fair wil l be organized on 17th, 18th and 19th January

in the Labhganga Exhibition and Convention Center in Indore. Shivam Info is organizing this fair in the city of Indore, Madhya Pradesh, with the help of the Federation of Indian Small Scale Battery Associations and Battery Directory. Shivam Info has organized 14 fairs till now.

15th Power-On will be Organized in Indore

Main ThemeThis time the main theme of the

fair is the E-rickshaw battery. With this exhibition the producers and distributors of lead acid batteries, renewable energy systems, solar energy driven vehicles, battery machinery, solar invertors, UPS, battery chemicals, etc., will come together. Giving out information about pollution-free lead recycling will also be an objective of the fair.

Use of Solar Power & E-Rickshaw has gathered momentum

The solar energy production has increased from 2.6 GW to 12.2 GW. This increasing capacity has had an favorable impact on the battery demand. This is the result of firm resolution by Indian Government led by PM Modi to raise the solar power production to 100 GW by 2020. In the last three years the capacity has been increased by 370% to 12.2 GW.

Under the leadership of the honorable Prime Minister, Sh. Narendra Modi, the Indian government has made a firm resolution that green energy should be encouraged in the country. If we look back three-four years back, solar energy production was just 2.6 GW, but in the last three years there has been an increase in capacity by 370%. Which means that according to a research conducted by the national Renewable Energy Laboratory, solar energy production in India alone can be sufficient to fulfill the needs of the entire world and the energy requirements of India can be met by establishing solar panels in an area equal to the area of just 7 thousand square kilometers almost equivalent to the area of Andaman and Nicobar islands. Along with this, the use of E-rickshaws has also touched new heights and we still have a long way to go. According to available statistics, there were about 4 lakh e-rickshaws on the streets till 2017-18. This number is increasing very fast. Seeing its market, many invertor battery producers are now moving towards making e-rickshaw batteries. Seeing the importance of these two, they have kept these two as the major attractions of the Power-On fair this time also.

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Vol. 34 No. 5 16 - 30 September 2019 (Published on 21.10.2019) Price: 5/-Pages: 64 (Annual Subs. ` 500/-)

Knowledge without devotion to God produces hatred.–Bhagwan Shri Sathya Sai Baba

Registered with Registrar of Newspapers for India Regd. No. R.N.I. 43092/85

Editor: Chandra MohanEditorial Advisers:Dr. R.C. Sharma, Arvind Mohan & Ramesh Chand HolkarAssistant Editor:Shekhar VermaAccounts: Anuradha

BATTERY DIRECTORY & YEAR BOOK510, Janta Flats, G.T.B. Enclave, Delhi-110093 Tel.: 011 - 22593952, 22586731Mobile : 9810268067, 9910699538email : [email protected] Website: www.batterydirectory.co.in

Advertiser’s IndexAssad Consulting Services ......................59Associated Battery Products Pvt. Ltd. ......1Black Diamond Structures C/o Venkat B Subramanian ....................12DB Dixon Battery Pvt. Ltd. ..........................4Eros Envirotech Pvt. Ltd. ..........................60Eroz Environ Engineer Pvt. Ltd. .................5Etasha Batteries (P) Ltd. .............................2Fujiyama Power Systems .................... 6 & 7

Harsha Industries Corporation .. 61, 62 & 63Intex Separator ..........................................64Leistung Consultants Pvt. Ltd. ............ 8 & 9Online Battery Directory ...........................10Microtex Energy (P) Limited .....................14Pentogon Power India Pvt. Ltd. ................13Solance Industries..................................... 11Vimal Petrothin Pvt. Ltd. .............................3

This magazine does not neccesarily subscribe to the individual opinions and views expressed by the authors. The materials published in this news magazine shall not be reproduced in any form and language without the prior written permission of the publisher.© Battery Directory and Year Book

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Visit our Website: www.batterydirectory.co.in to read our Issues

FEDERATION NEWSIndustry is Facing Fake Bill Problem ................................................................... 18 Government can bring in the RAF tag facility – Sh. Naresh Tomar ................. 19 GST Rate on Raw Materials should be Reduced ............................................. 23

ARTICLEManagement and Legal Provisions of Used Lead Acid Batteries – Dr. S. Kerketta ..................................................... 25Obstacles that Electric Vehicles face in India ...................................................... 29 Raw material are the biggest hurdles................................................................ 29Import of Used Lead Acid Batteries and other Lead Scrap in India – Dr. R.S. Mahawar ................................................. 33 Global Deposits of Lead .................................................................................... 33 Lead Recycling Capacity................................................................................... 35 Position of import of scrap lead in 2017 ............................................................ 36 In what form can you import scrap lead? .......................................................... 36 Documents for Application to Import ................................................................. 37 Steps required to obtain Permission for Import ................................................. 37

NEWS15th Power-On will be Organized in Indore ......................................................... 15Use of Solar Power & E-Rickshaw has gathered momentum ............................. 15Government braces itself for establishing Charging Stations for Electric Vehicles ............................................................. 40

TECHNICAL ARTICLEHow to Increase Life of Lead-Acid Battery? – C.S.Ramanathan........................ 43HOMAGEAmir Hamaza Ahmed Mestri passes away .......................................................... 39

SAI SHARNAGATHIदीपावली का महतव- भगवान शरी सतय साई बाबा दारा दिवालरी क अवसरो पर दवदभनन परवचन ... 49

Government should put an end to the fake GST Bill on Raw Material – Dr. V.K. Aggarwal ................................................ 23Committee constituted to elect the next President .............................................. 28

ASSOCIATION NEWSIndian Battery And Accessories Industries Welfare Association, Mumbai has started its website: www.batteryassociation.com ................................................ 21Share Knowledge on the Knowledge Center made for Battery Entrepreneurs ... 21 Updated Price of Lead can be viewed on website ............................................ 21 Members’ Directory is open for view ................................................................. 22

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Naresh Kumar and Sh. Arvind Mohan to meet the Union Finance and State Finance Minister, so that the problems could be resolved as soon as possible.

Government can bring in the RAF tag facilityPresident of Federation (Central

Western) Sh. Naresh Kumar Tomar told all the present members that the government may bring in the RAF tag facility very soon which would save a lot of time in the checking of vehicles.

SMS company is being partial towards lead prices in the marketGeneral Secretary, Sh. Shanti

Kumar Ramsisaria said that recently some individual SMS sellers were being partial and were secretly revealing the price of lead through SMS, and he also said that although a complaint had been registered with the Shalimar Bagh Police Station in Delhi, the police had not been able to take any action against the offenders because of the involvement of many people.

Instructed that all the people should be

informed about the work of the Federation

The President, Dr. V.K. Agarwal gave instructions to the General Secretary and the Treasurer that all members, associations and people should be made aware of the work and activities of the federation. In his suggestion he said that the members should also become members of FICCI and Chamber of Commerce. The guest member of the Delhi Battery Association, Sh. Dimpi Bansal and other members pleaded that a solution should be found to the problem of filing 2B and 2C returns in the proper manner.

Secretary of Federation (Western) Sh. Mahesh Shah put forth the proposal of keeping the problem of lead acid battery and lithium battery before the Indian government. Although all the members accepted that the vendors were cheating with regard to the prices The Executive Board of the

Federation of Indian Small Scale Battery Associations met on 11th

August, 2019, in the Tivoli Resort on GT Karnal-Delhi Road, Delhi, under the Chairmanship of Dr. V.K. Agarwal, the Chairman of the Federation. The meeting was hosted by Delhi Battery Trade Association. In the meeting the Executive body discussed various issues like fake bills, harassments by GST officials, government inclination towards lithium battery etc. faced by Battery Industry & their possible solutions.

Waiting for a reply from the GST Ministry

Association of some States have written a letter about the problems being faced with regard to GST, but

Important Issues were discussed in the meeting of the Executive Board of the Federation

Industry is Facing Fake Bill Problem

the government has not given any reply to it. Besides this, the government was made aware of the issues raised in the last executive meeting, and GST was the main issue in this. The members revealed that they had a lot of issues regarding GST, because the GST officers were harassing the businessmen and producers for no reason. They were raising many problems regarding documents, bills, receipts, etc. whereas they themselves did not know the entire procedure regarding GST. In view of these problems, it was decided in the Board meeting that they should meet the GST commissioner and members of the GST council and make them aware of the problems being faced by the Battery Industry. Dr. V.K. Agarwal directed Sh. Shanti Kumar, Sh. Kamal Kansal, Sh. Meeting photograph

Cont. on page no. 28


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When the newly nominated president of the Indian Battery & Accessories

Industries Welfare Association, Sh. Ajay Kumar Gupta had taken over the responsibilities of the president last year, he had made it clear that they would bring the association on a digital platform and would help the battery industrialists of the State and the country through this platform. Sh. Gupta stressed on the need to form the website of the association as soon as he took on the responsibilities of the association, which is now in existence.

Indian Battery And Accessories Industries Welfare Association, Mumbai has started its website: www.batteryassociation.com

Share Knowledge on the Knowledge Center made for Battery Entrepreneurs

The Ex-President of the Association, Sh. Chetan Sanghvi, President, Sh. Ajay Gupta, General Secretary, Sh. Mahesh Shah and Joint Secretary, Sh. Sanjay

Shrivastav want that the battery entrepreneurs of the country should gather on this platform and share battery related knowledge for welfare and prosperity of

Indian Small Scale Battery Entrepreneurs.

Updated Price of LeadPr ice o f lead on the Mul t i

Commodity Exchange and the London Metal Exchange is always updated on the website so that the battery industrialists know the price of lead at all times. This value is shown on the top right side of the page.

Knowledge CenterThe main objective of the website

is to share battery knowledge. The knowledge available on the web can be accessed by clicking the Knowledge

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Center button. The process of finding information on the center is also very easy. There is a search button on every page of the website. Whatever information you want regarding the battery can be typed and searched by clicking on the button. The website will display the topics that you are searching.

Share KnowledgeThe Association has appealed to

the battery industrialists to share their knowledge for a brighter future of the battery industry. Whatever knowledge you share will be available for free for everyone. It is very easy to do so. At the end of every page of the website, there is a button for ‘SHARE KNOWLEDGE FOR WELFARE OF INDUSTRY’. (See Image-1). If you click on this, a new page will open. Fill in the form on this page. The form is in two parts. On the first part, you will fill in the Knowledge Title and Description. On the second part, you will fill in your name, contact number (Mobile Number and E-mail

address). When you have filled the entire form, click on the share button. The knowledge that you have shared will quickly be available to the battery industrialists.

Executive CommitteeThere is the entire description of

the Executive Committee on the website of the association. A special page has been made for each committee member. On each page there is information regarding the means of contacting every member.

Members’ DirectoryThe association has also shared the

data of its 154 members with everyone. This effort of the association is very commendable. A special connecting online effort has been made so that you can easily connect with the association. There is a button called ‘Join’ at the bottom of the website. You can get connected to the association through the medium of this button.

Image-1

The National President of the Federation of Indian Small Scale Battery Associat ions and the Managing Director of the Supreme Batteries Pvt. Ltd., Dr. V.K. Agarwal has written to the Finance Minister of the Indian Government and made her aware of the problems being faced by the Battery Industry. Dr. V.K. Agarwal has written that in most cases the dealers sell their raw material to the manufacturers by making fake bills and cash payments. The problem is that the manufacturer has paid the GST on the basis of the bill, but when he demands the amount back as input tax credit, he comes to know that the bill was fake. As a result, the manufacturer and the government both have to suffer losses.

GST Rate on Raw Materials should be Reduced

There is no doubt that such type of cheating by the dealer is done for his own selfish interests, but a GST on raw material that is as high as that on finished goods is also contributing to this matter of cheating. That is why it is required that the government should reduce GST on raw material. In this regard, they have urged the Central Government that such matters should be looked into in detail and GST should

Battery Federation’s demand to the Government

Government should put an end to the fake GST Bill on Raw MaterialLetter of the Federation’s President, Dr. V.K. Agarwal, to the Finance Minister

be reduced so that it is paid properly.

Identification of original and fake GST bills

Through the medium of his letter, Dr. Agarwal urged the government that the officials assessing the GST should be directed not to harass the manufacturers and traders with regard to their accounts. Although he said that the officials of the government were not able to identify between the original and fake bills, and that is why they harassed even the honest entrepreneurs regarding their accounts. Buying and selling on actual and fake bills was being done since the time GST had been introduced. The Government should see that although it has been two years since GST was introduced, how is raw material being supplied and purchased on fake bills? That is why the government should make its officials fully aware of the rules of GST so that the battery industrialists were not harassed without reason.

Dr. Agarwal assured the finance minister that the Indian Small Scale Battery Industry wants to work for the development of the country and would work shoulder-to-shoulder with the government.

Dr. V.K. Agarwal

Share Knowledge on the Knowledge Center...

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When we need a portable, convenient power source, we can rely on batteries. Batteries

of all shapes and sizes supply power to everyday electronics like toys and power tools, but batteries also work where we don't see them too. During a power outage, phone lines still operate because they are equipped with batteries. Batteries help control power fluctuations, run commuter trains, and provide back-up power for critical needs like hospitals and military operations. The versatility of batteries is reflected in the different sizes and shapes, but all batteries have two common elements that combine to make power: an electrolyte and a heavy metal.

Batteries contain heavy metals such as mercury, lead, cadmium, and nickel,

Management and Legal Provisions of Used Lead Acid Batteries

– Dr. S. Kerketta –Director (S), MoEFCC, Govt. of India

which can contaminate the environment when batteries are improperly disposed off. When incinerated, certain metals might be released into the air or can concentrate in the ash produced by the combustion process.

Lead is toxic. Lead poisoning is monitored in children to prevent any permanent damage. At one time lead was added to gasoline to eliminate “knock” in car engines. It was also in paint, but the lead-based paints have a sweet taste, and some children were eating the paint and getting serious lead poisoning.

Lead metal in lead-acid batteries has been a cause of concern worldwide. Unscientific recycling of lead acid batteries is also a source of lead pollution.

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Use of Lead Acid Batteries

Lead is used in lead batteries, gasoline tanks, and solders, seals or bearings, used in electrical and electronic applications, TV tubes, TV glass, construction, communications, and protective coatings, in ballast or weights, ceramics or crystal glass, tubes or containers, type metal, foil or wire, X-ray and gamma radiation shielding, soundproofing material in construction industry, and ammunition. It is believed that nearly 99 million wet-cell lead-acid car batteries are manufactured each year. The U.S. is the world's largest producer and consumer of refined lead metal. Americans purchase nearly 3 billion dry-cell batteries every year to power radios, toys, cellular phones, watches, laptop computers, and portable power tools. It is believed that nearly 99 million wet-cell lead-acid car batteries are manufactured each year.

Waste from Lead Acid Batteries

Batteries are made of five basic components:

• A resilient plastic container or hard rubber known as casing.

• Positive and negative internal plates made of lead.

• Plate separators made of porous

synthetic material. • Electrolyte, a dilute solution

of sulfuric acid and water, known as battery acid.

• Lead terminals, the connection point between the battery and whatever it powers.

As per the Hazardous Wastes ( M a n a g e m e n t a n d H a n d l i n g ) Amendment Rules, 2002, casing which is made either of Hard Rubber or of Polypropylene is categorized as Waste Category No. 33.3, plate (made of oxide, ether and lead) is categorized as Waste Category No. 9.1 and acid (H2SO4 and water) is categorized as Waste Category No. 36.3.

Recycle of Used Lead Acid Batteries

Recycling of non-ferrous metals such as lead and zinc helps save energy vis-à-vis primary metal production and is also environment friendly if reprocessing is done with suitable arrangements for pollution control and waste disposal. They also help in conserving precious metal resources. The notification by Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) viz., “Batteries (Management and Handling) Rules, 2001” is a step in this direction and would help mitigate environmental damage being caused by improper handling of lead acid batteries.

The U.S. is the world's largest producer and consumer of refined lead metal. It is believed that nearly 99 million wet-cell lead-acid car

batteries are manufactured each year.

To the point

One way to reduce the number of batteries in the waste stream is to purchase rechargeable batteries. Over its useful life, each rechargeable battery may substitute for hundreds of one time use batteries. Recycling batteries keeps heavy metals out of landfills and the air. Recycling saves resources because recovered plastic and metals can be used to make new batteries.

Lead-Acid Automobile Batteries

Nearly 90% of al l lead-acid batteries are recycled. Almost any retailer that sells lead-acid batteries collects used batteries for recycling, as per the laws. Reclaimers crush batteries into nickel-sized pieces and separate the plastic components. They send the plastic to a reprocessor for manufacture into new plastic products and deliver purified lead to battery manufacturers and other industries. A typical lead-acid battery contains 60 - 80% recycled lead and plastic.

Other Lead-Based Batteries

Gel cells and sealed lead-acid batteries are commonly used to power industrial equipment, emergency lighting, and alarm systems. The same recycling process applies as with automotive batteries. An automotive store or a local waste agency may accept the batteries for recycling.

Management and Legal Provisions in India

At the 10th session of the Basel Technical Working Group in Kuala Lumpur, in April 1996, scrap lead acid batteries were placed in the "A" list of wastes. The "A" list is the group of

wastes which are included in the Basel Ban due to their hazardous nature.

The Batteries (Management and Handling) Rules, 2001 is mainly aimed to control the hazards associated with backyard smelting and unauthorized reprocessing of lead acid batteries in our country. It ensures proper collection and recycling of used lead acid batteries and its parts in the country. The provisions of the rules stipulate that battery manufactures, importers, assemblers and re-conditioners have to collect old batteries on a one to one basis against sale of new batteries. The batteries so collected have to be sent to recyclers, registered with MoEF, for recycling them in an eco-friendly manner, unless battery manufacturers themselves have such recycling facilities. Registration is accorded by the MoEF to only those units, which have in place appropriate manufacturing technology, pollution prevention systems and suitable arrangements for waste disposal. A total of 140 new Lead acid batteries units have registered with MoEF upto 06.07.2005. Very strangely, no units from Orissa state have registered with MoEF under this Notification.

In order to make the ru les c o m p r e h e n s i v e , i m p o r t e r s o f new batteries, dealers as well as organisations auctioning used batteries have also been brought under the purview of these rules. Only those re-processors registered with the MoEF would be able to participate in sale by auction or contract. As a result, middlemen and backyard smelters would be debarred from participation in any auction within the country. In the case of bulk sale of batteries by manufacturers to bulk consumers, it would be necessary to incorporate suitable provision for buyback.

Management and Legal Provisions of Used... Management and Legal Provisions of Used...

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The ru les seek to promote up-gradation of technology and environment friendly practices in large, medium or small scale units handling or recycling lead. The battery manufacturers, importers, assemblers and re-conditioners will also have to file returns periodically to the designated regulatory bodies.

Vide GSR 7, dated 22.12.1998 of EIA Notification, the emission standard for Lead is 10 mg/Nm3 (Concentration Based) and 0.020 kg/tonne of Pb used (Load Based) in the Lead Acid manufacturing industry. Similarly, the Liquid effluent discharge standard for this unit is 10 µg/dl. Emission standard for Lead in the Secondary Lead Smelter unit is 10 mg/Nm³ (Concentration Based).

Impact of Lead on Health and the EnvironmentLead is one of the most pervasive

and tox ic of a l l env i ronmenta l contaminants. Some of lead's various

harmful effects have been recognized for at least 2,000 years back. Workers in lead smelting and battery recycling plants usually exhibit the highest and most prolonged exposures to lead. But in addition, the population living near smelters, may also be exposed to high lead levels. As per the EIA Notification, the Annual Average concentration of Lead in Ambient Air Quality Standards (National) is 1.0 µg/m³ for Industrial Areas, 0.75 µg/m³ for Residential Areas and 0.50 µg/m³ for Sensitive Areas.

T h e r u l e h a s s p e c i f i e d responsibilities for each activity involved and these are clearly mentioned in the Batteries (Management and Handling) Rules, 2001. Every concern should know the battery management including how to make a battery last longer and how to recycle it when it can no longer be used. Because, if used lead-acid batteries are not handled properly, can leak or spill and contaminate soil and groundwater in many ways.

of lead acid batteries through the medium of SMS. The members suggested that the prices should be reflected through the medium of the Battery Directory. Besides this, the members gave their suggestions with regard to other services also. After this, information about federation’s website was given. Besides this, there was talk of giving free SMS service to all the members.

Chairman of Federation's Public Relation Committee, Sh. Hansraj Agarwal invited the members to take part in the Rajasthan Storage Battery Traders Association meeting and it was accepted

by the members who were present.

Committee constituted to elect the next President

In the other issues, it was decided that the office of the federation should be the office of Shivam Info and all work should take place there. Besides this, a committee was constituted to elect the next president of the Federation, in which Sh. Yashpal Kanotra, Dr. V.K. Agarwal, Sh. Arvind Mohan, Sh. Kamal Kansal and Sh. Harashpal Singh Sawhney were included. The committee was given the right to remove any member if the member did not appear for three consecutive meetings. Besides this, permission was taken to keep staff for the smooth functioning of the administration work of Federation.

Cont. from page no. 19


India stands at the second place in terms of population-similarly the demand for auto vehicles is also more

than other countries. Many scientists and researchers in this field are moving towards giving vehicles that give more mileage with less expenses, whereas vehicles that run on petrol are proving to be quite expensive. That is why governments also try to move towards providing cheaper vehicles that give more mileage, and an alternative, i.e, CNG has been discovered. In the last few years, the government has taken the initiative to bring other alternatives that will provide a clean environment, that is why some automobile companies brought out electric vehicles but do not seem to have been much of a success. The companies are trying to use solar systems in cars and become successful. There are many reasons why electric vehicles have failed in India, whereas

Obstacles that Electric Vehicles face in India

they have been successful in other countries.

Raw material are the biggest hurdles

If India brings electric vehicles on the roads it will have to rely the most on Chinese technology because electric-run cars are successful there. Besides this, India will have to import other important components from China. The most important component of vehicles are batteries. At present, everyone uses lithium ion battery vehicles and that also has its limitations that will prevent the usage of electric vehicles on a large scale. Not only this, lithium batteries are expensive also and these vehicles are not successful on long journeys. Besides this, another problem is that the supply of raw material is less and is not possible in a country like India.

Management and Legal Provisions of Used...

A battery that is installed in a particular type of electric vehicle is made of several hundred big lithium ion cells and weighs about 500 kilograms and uses metals. Each metal provides a useful function. Cobalt prevents the battery from getting too hot. The problem is that other countries do not have adequate lithium or cobalt reserves. Even worse is that most of the reserves are situated in some chosen countries.

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Therefore, we will again have to depend on other countries for its successful running.

A battery that is installed in a particular type of electric vehicle is made of several hundred big lithium ion cells and weighs about 500 kilograms and uses metals. Each metal provides a useful function. Cobalt prevents the battery from getting too hot. The problem is that other countries do not have adequate lithium or cobalt reserves. Even worse is that most of the reserves are situated in some chosen countries, for example 65% of lithium is situated in Bolivia and Chile, whereas 60% cobalt reserves are in Congo. Short supply has made both of these expensive.

We will have to depend on other countries

It will not be surprising if a large country like India has to look towards smaller countries for the supply of lithium and cobalt. For the success of electric vehicles we will have to import cobalt and lithium from some countries.

It is a matter for concern for all the big companies and countries except for giants like Tesla and China. China that has always been a long-term planner, China has acquired the right to buy mines in Congo, Chile, Bolivia and Australia and for the supply of

important metals. Along with the supply of raw material, China has become the hub for global batteries and electric vehicles. With this clever policy of capturing various markets, China claims to have more than a 60% share in the world battery market. Not only this, with the sale of more than a million vehicles in 2018, China was the biggest manufacturer of electric vehicles.

It is not surprising that the cost of electric vehicles will be twice the cost of petrol vehicles. And most of the manufacturers in this sector have had to bear losses because the factories that they had set up for these vehicles did not function, they could not use it for petrol and other alternative technologies. Another reason for the failure of electric vehicles in India can be the condition of the roads. Therefore, along with private vehicle manufacturers the stance of the government is not conducive to bringing electric vehicles on the roads.

Although India may not be in a position to bring electric vehicles on the roads, other countries are worried about finding cheaper alternatives and they might become successful in achieving their objectives.

Many countries are trying to achieve this battery where lithium will be replaced and will also be cheap. Tesla, Panasonic, Toyota and Chinese manufacturers are in the lead. They are

China that has always been a long-term planner, China has acquired the right to buy

mines in Congo, Chile, Bolivia and Australia and for the supply of important metals. Along with the supply of raw material, China has become

the hub for global batteries and electric vehicles.

To the point


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trying their best to minimize the use of the expensive cobalt. Many firms are making use of sulphur, sodium and magnesium to replace cobalt. The use of fuel cells is moving towards a big technology. Electric vehicles that are driven by fuel cells that are driven by hydrogen emit only water vapour and hot air. One challenge before these big companies will be to reduce costs. General Motors and Airbus World are part of Hydrogen committee that is making a plan to push forward an important change for fuel cells.

For any country to develop electric vehicles, it will have to work on two alternatives. Buy expensive cobalt and lithium, develop specialities and then make batteries, or the second one is to import batteries from other countries. It can be easy to talk of establishing domestic manufacturing units, but it is impossible to match the costs of subsidized imported batteries.

In order to establish big battery manufacturing units, production capacity can be there because of previous demand, but problems will not lessen. Companies generally believe in giving impetus to imports to save themselves from problems. For example, India imports about 90% of electric scooters from China. At present, an Indian feels proud to import a car. This creates 70% or more dependency on imports. The future is quite good for electric vehicles but it will be successful only when the respective battery market also becomes cheaper. Although, work is being done on this and very soon cheaper alternatives will be available.

Electric vehicle technology is not something new because japan had shown such vehicles to the world about ten years ago but because the battery was expensive, this vehicle was not successful in india.

India should deliberate on two issues at this point of time. First of all it should be ready for any type of problem that can occur in the automobile industry. Electric vehicles put an end to the need for transmission systems, clutch and gear box and provide a single point for all speeds. There are about 20 parts in an electric vehicle, whereas a regular petrol or diesel vehicle has more than 2000 parts. In this way when electric vehicles are brought on the roads there is pressure on these units of automobiles and they gradually shut down. A large country like India will have to adopt motor technology in large numbers. Because of refined electronics, we cannot repair electric vehicles.

The other issue is of utmost importance. India should wait for sometime to become a leader in the next generation of battery technology. It will be better to bring electrically operated vehicles on the road in a respectable manner without being dependent on other countries.

For this, we will need to establish a financially independent and highly ambitious institute under the presidency of a reputed specialist. This will be a matter of pride for the entire country when electr ic vehicles are ful ly successful.

If see the future need of India, we will realize that it is clear that India needs to import lead scrap in order

to fulfill its Lead requirement. But it is unfortunate that the lead recyclers and related industrialists have failed to put this need before the government. If this requirement is put before the government it is possible that the government might raise the ceiling on the import of lead.

Global Deposits of LeadIn terms of the global deposits of

lead, India is at the seventh position. India has a deposit of 2.2 million tons of lead. Australia is on top with deposits of 35 million tons, China comes second

Import of Used Lead Acid Batteries and other Lead Scrap in India

– Dr. R.S. Mahawar –Environmental Consultant, Ex-Director (Additional) Central Pollution Control Board, Delhi

with 17 million tons, Russia has 6.4 million tons, followed by Peru with 6.3 million tons, United States with 5 million tons and Mexico with 5.6 million tons. See the Graph-1 for the global lead deposits.

Lead is mainly used in Batteries. According to world figures, about 80% of the total available lead is used in batteries. The rest 20% is used in pigments, artillery fire, alloys, etc.

If you keep this logic before the Indian Government that our country can become the recycling hub, it will not attract the government much, but if you say that India will become the global hub for the manufacture of lead acid battery the government will take


Love one another and help others to rise to the higher levels, simply by pouring out love. Love is infectious and the greatest healing energy.

– Shri Sathya Sai Baba

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Graph-1

action in this respect. If we get help from the government in producing lead acid batteries, the government will automatically need to pay attention to the import of lead scrap for recycling.

The world is considering lead to be poisonous and the idea is being propagated, but it is beyond understanding that those intellectuals who are saying that lead is bad for health, are not saying anything for the ill-effects of plastic. Plastic is much more harmful than lead.

India is at the fourth position in terms of the manufacture of vehicles. China, United States and Japan are ahead of India. According to statistics of 2017, India sold 4.02 million vehicles in 2017, China sold 29.12 million vehicles, United States sold 17.58 million and Japan sold 5.24 million vehicles. The capacity of vehicle production is increasing each year because the demand is constantly increasing and it is having an effect on the demand for batteries.

According to one study, the demand for lead acid battery in 2017 for industrial and other uses is constantly

increasing. At present the demand for lead acid batteries is increasing with greater pace in the SLI field and in future too this area will generate the highest demand. Some people say that in the coming time lead acid batteries will no longer be there, but according to me this is impossible.

A very big feature of lead is that lead never comes to an end, the lead that has been used once can be used again and again. Lead that has reached the environment because of carelessness is the only lead that cannot be used again. You can see the lead flow cycle in image-1.

At present, the only producer of primary lead in the country is Hindustan Zinc Limited. If you pay attention to the statistics you will come to know that in India the use of lead is many more times the production capacity of lead. So the question is where is this lead coming from?

Out of this some percentage of lead is being obtained from scrap batteries and some from imported scrap batteries. In the same manner that it is difficult to estimate how much cash is being used

Image-1

in the country, it is difficult to find out how much lead is being used. Last year the Ministry of Mines had published some data on primary and secondary lead. See in Graph-2. From the graph it is clear that the production of primary and secondary lead is increasing each year. In the year 2017-18, Hindustan Zinc Ltd. had produced 1,68,000 tons of primary lead and registered recyclers had produced 2,93,000 tons of secondary lead. For secondary recyclers the figure for the source of scrap is not clear, that is why it is difficult to make policies for them. According to statistics available, the amount of refined lead that we are exporting is half of what we are importing. For this reason you will see that lead is increasing in the lead flow cycle.

Some important facts about the lead flow cycle are -

1. Lead is the only metal that does not evaporate during use.

2. Lead can only change its form or form some new by bonding with other elements.

3. In the lead flow cycle only that lead is outside that mixes with the environment.

4. India has 2.2 million reserves of lead. According to this if Hindustan Zinc Limited is producing about 1,50,000 tons of primary lead each year, you can calculate the time for which these deposits will last.

3. Since the reserves of primary lead in our country are not much, how will we be able to obtain the lead in the increasing lead flow cycle.

Lead Recycling CapacityRajasthan occupies the first place

in the lead recycling capacity followed by Gujarat, Karnataka, Haryana, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya

Import of Used Lead Acid Batteries and other... Import of Used Lead Acid Batteries and other...

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Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab and the rest.

Rajasthan is the leader with recycling capacity of 317 MT, then Gujarat with 264MT and lastly Punjab with 56 MT. (See graph-3)

Position of import of scrap lead in 2017

According to the government’s policy you can import 33% of the lead recycling capacity. Which means that in 2017 when the capacity of the country to recycle lead was 2100 MT, you could import 693 MT of lead scrap. This is not for just one company, but the total capacity. According to figures of that time, companies had sent requests to import 101 MT of lead scrap. But only 96 MT of lead scrap was imported. From these statistics you can understand that when we cannot obtain the present accepted capacity of lead then why should the government increase the capacity of import of scrap batteries?

Now, we will try to understand the import of 181 MT of scrap lead. Out of

Graph-2

this, 44MT of scrap lead (without lead acid battery) was imported. This type of lead scrap can easily be imported. The import limit for this type of scrap lead was 119 MT but only 44 MT was imported, then comes used lead scrap acid battery. In this field the import limit was 48 MT, very good response was obtained in this and 45 MT was imported. In the end we have the mixture of used lead scrap acid battery and the lead scrap. For this the limit was 14 MT but only 7 MT was imported. In this manner out of 181 MT only 96 MT was imported.

In what form can you import scrap lead?

Scrap lead can be imported under the following two Basel numbers-

1. Basel number A1160 i.e, scrap lead acid battery, whether broken or unbroken.

2. Basel number B1020 i.e, other lead scrap besides scrap lead acid battery. Battery plates are also included in this.

Graph-3

Documents for Application to Import

In order to import lead scrap you should have the following documents:

1. Fill in form-5 in order to import scrap lead. See the copy of the form on the next page.

2. Specify the reason for importing.3. Obtain consent f rom the

concerned departments for at least 20 months.

4. Register for lead acid recycling for import.

5. Make the outline for the process clear.

6. Make the battery breaking process clear.

7. Give a photo and video of the operational plant.

8. Give information about the employment being given by the plant.

9. Pre-informed consent in the matter of Basel Number A 1160.

10. Give a copy of the Application to the State Pollution Control Board and give a copy of the receipt of the same.

Steps required to obtain Permission for Import

1. Form-5 from the Joint Director (HSMD), MoEFCC and a letter with all documents attached with this.

2. Give a copy of the above to the Pollution Control Board and get proof of the receipt.

3. Upload a signature Form-5 on the website www.iwms.nic.in.

4. After submitting the online form submit the documents in the office within one week.

5. Take part in the meeting according to the agenda and schedule given in the website.

6. Presence is compulsory for the applicants for the first time.


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CONDOLENCE MESSAGEMr. Ahmed (Raju) Mestri of M/s Neo Atlas Batteries, Belgaum, has informed us that his beloved father Amir Hamaza Ahmed Mestri is expired on 13th September, 2019, at the age of 82 years. "Mestri" Sahab was a great person, laborious, sincere and well cooperated.

We, Battery Directory & Year Book express deepest sympathies and extend our most sincere condolences and pray to God to make his Soul rest in peace and to give the strength to his family members to bear this loss.

Late Amir Hamaza Ahmed Mestri09.05.1938 - 13.09.2019


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In order to keep the environment c lean the government has increased its pace and put the

process in second gear. Which means that the Indian government has given permission for the second phase of Fame India. In this phase the government has allocated a budget of `10,000 crores. In this phase, the establishment of charging stations will

Fame India Scheme Phase-II

Government braces itself for establishing Charging Stations for

Electric Vehiclesbe given special attention and with the help of 1000 crore rupees 1000 electric charging stations will be opened.

Which cities will have charging stations?

According to the scheme, the charging stations will be in the following cities:-

Table-1

1. In cities having a population of more than 40 lakh people.

2. In cities having a population of more than 10 lakh people.

3. In smart towns and cities identified by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs.

4. In those cit ies which are connected with seven metro cities- Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkatta, Chennai, Hyderabad, Bengaluru and Ahmedabad.

5. States and Union territories having special category.

6. In the capitals of States. For complete information about

charging stations, see table-1.

Charging StationThe Ministry of Power will play

an active role in setting up charging stations. All charging stations will be established according to pre-determined standards. It will be necessary to have at least 6 charging points in each charging station.

Out of these, 5 chargers can be of slow, medium or fast speeds. The rest have to be chargers of fast speed. See table-2 for types of chargers.

Under Phase-II, 1000 electric charging stations will be established by

the years 2024 because it is essential to have at least 6 charging points in every charging station, so at least 6000 charging points will be ready by then.

Categories of Charging Stations

The charging stations will be kept in the following three categories:-

1. Category A - All those charging stations that will be put up in public places will come in category A.

2. Category B - Those charging stations that will be in the premises of State or Central government offices, government hospitals, educational institutes, etc. will come in category B. The public will not be able to use them.

3. Category C - Charging stations of this category will be set up in group- housing societies.

For A category of charging stations the government will bear 70% of the cost of the equipment as encouragement money. Similarly, for category B this amount will be 100% and for category C it will bear 50% of the cost.

The government has also given the advice that the charging stations should be kept connected to the on-grid solar power plants so that green energy can be produced for electric vehicles.

Table-2

Government braces itself for establishing...

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How to increase the operating life of a battery to meet the required warranty period is a question

which many SMEs face. Obviously we need to know the common modes of failure of battery and control them. Although a battery may fail due to many reasons, we shall now consider only the most common modes of failure of batteries.

The common failure modes well –known for decades are:-

1. Corrosion of grids and connectors 2. Shedding of paste from plates 3. SULPHATION of plates –

particularly on negatives

How to Increase Life of Lead-Acid Battery?

– C.S.Ramanathan –Battery Consultant, Email: [email protected], Mob.: 9845049975

We need to control all of above to extend life of battery

Positive Grid CorrosionThe conventional procedure is to

increase life of the grid is to increase thickness so that it lasts for the required number of years. This presupposes that the corrosion will be uniform. This reasoning is flawed since corrosion is not always uniform. But this is not the case in many cases. Localized corrosion happens due to the poor quality of alloy and casting procedure. This is not a dependable method to increase life of grids.

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Modern Grids with Corrosion –Resistant Alloys

Modern grids use special additive elements as given below to make alloys with Corrosion –Resistance

• Adding higher quantity of TIN (1-1.3%) to Lead-Antimony alloys ( Prengaman*).

• Adding Silver - 0.015-0.05% to both Lead- antimony and Lead- Calcium alloys – Johnson Controls / AMARON.

• Adding Barium metal ( 0.017-0.02% ) to mainly Lead- Calcium Alloys- Furukawa (SF Exide).

For details on addditives to Positive Grid alloy to Reduce corrosion see Table-1.

Barium is recommended only for positives of Lead-Calcium Alloy.

1. High TIN ( 1-1.3 %) Content in Positive Grid Alloy

Prengaman has shown that higher Tin like 1-1.3 % in alloy is able to reduce corrosion and prolong life of grid .

On oxidation of lead, PbO is formed. This PbO is non-conducting. Tin Oxide SnO2 converts the PbO (non-conductor)

to PbO2 (Semi-conductor). This provides stability to the thin corrosion product, which does not discharge to PbSO4. Stable, highly conducting PbO2 permits improved active material utilization as well as improved recharge. The effect is seen immediately. There is no further corrosion of grids.

The modern vehicles have been redesigned to give a streamlined look. This has increased the temperature under the hood and necessitates the battery to operate at as high a temperature as 65°C. Hence a new alloy is necessary.

The high Tin alloy gives-• High conductivity at the interface

between grid and active material.• The Adhesion strength between

Grid and Active Material is increased.• Corrosion of grids is reduced. Life

of battery is enhanced.• The alloy is also used for

connectors and terminals in automotive batteries and for high temperature service for all wet batteries

Silver in Alloy- Silver is by far the best additive for corrosion resistance

R.D. Prengaman, J. Power Sources 95 (2001), p. 224.P. Rao, US Patent 5,298,350 (1994).; US Patent 5,691,087 (1997).

Table-1

of positive grid and components. The cost of alloy is comparable for antimony alloys but higher for Lead-Calcium alloys. It has following features

• Conductivity of silver alloy is higher than with Tin alloy.

• Life cycle is higher. However, good curing is required

to avoid shedding. Do not add silver when good curing facility is not available [steam or conditioned air]. Otherwise plates will shed due to poor adhesion

Barium in Alloy- Barium is recommended only for Lead-calcium Alloys. (Furukawa / SF)

It gives excellent life of the positive grid. Suitability of Barium in alloy in Antimony alloy is not known.

Therefore Adding Higher Tin in Positive Grid Alloy is a better option for SMEs to control grid corrosion.

Shedding of Paste from Grid

Shedding of paste is another mode of failure of batteries which limits life of batteries. The reason is the poor

adhesion between grid and paste. Remedy is proper curing. For good strength and adhesion we need-

• Tetrabasic Lead Sulphate ( 4 BS; 4 PbO, PbSO4) in Positive paste and curing at high Temperature and high Relative Humidity (RH).

• 4 BS is formed in situ during paste mixing at a temperature of 70⁰C - 80⁰C.

• But this process is not practical for SMEs . Also it gives large crystals of 4BS that cannot be formed easily.

• PENOX of Germany invented a procedure to add seed crystals of 4BS to paste and cure at 56⁰C under 98-100% RH( Procedure of Hammond Lead products). 85% 4BS is obtained. See Graph-1.

• Both temperature and RH can be obtained by Live steam. Conditioned chambers where Temperature and Humidity can be maintained are also another option.

• Good curing involves presence of minimum of 10 % water in paste while entering curing chamber.

Graph-1

How to Increase Life of Lead-Acid Battery? How to Increase Life of Lead-Acid Battery?

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Other precautions for Curing to minimise sheding:

• Raise Temperature in curing chamber from Ambient to 56⁰C slowly, say 4-5⁰C/hr. Sudden increase of Temperature will raise the temperature of metal faster than paste which will cause debonding and shedding ( difference of specific heats)- Nietsche

• Similarly during formation, the current should be stepped up gradually from say 2%, 4%, 8% for one hour each and then raise current to 14-20%. Here again, a sudden high current will result in gassing at interface and tend to separate grid and paste (shedding)- Pavlov.

SulphationSulphation of Negative ( Hardening)

is a slow process which is built up during discharge /charge cycles. 100 % recharge is not possible due to poor charge accepta8nce of Negative . A small percentage of Lead Sulphate is not charged back. Hence build up of lead sulphate results. The crystals grow over time and do not accept charge . This is called SULPHATION.

ALABC researchers found a solution in the use of special Carbons – Graphite , Carbon Blacks, Activated Carbons to control Sulphation .

The carbon should have the following features

• Carbon Particles should have high affinity to Lead

• Electrically conducting• Electrochemically Active (only

battery test can reveal this)• Carbons should have size smaller

than cross section of Lead branches of Negative Active Material (NAM).

Any carbon added should be first tested for charge acceptance and gassing characteristics (Pavlov procedure can be used for evaluation – given in detail in my book ). Apart from conductivity, compatibility to lead is to be found. These can be assessed only by making batteries and testing.

Graphite: Graphite is added at 2% level. It improves charge acceptance to a large extent. The major advantage of graphite is its high top –of- Charge voltage and low gassing. Manufacturers are Superior Graphite ,US/China, Timcal ( Switzerland), and many others.Expanded graphite is better than Natural Graphite.

A syn the t i c Graph i t e w i t h Characteristics of Carbon Black gives excellent results.

Carbon Black: Carbon Blacks have very small particle size compared to graphite and pack themselves between lead particles. They are excellent for improving charge acceptance. Only problem is their tendency to gassing. Therefore we need to test the gassing characteristics thoroughly before using the same.

However, when the charging voltage is low or limited as in VRLA batteries ( e.g.13.5V-14V) , gassing may not be significant. Therefore carbon Blacks can be used in VRLA batteries without the concern of gassing.

Similarly, when gassing and periodic top -up of water is acceptable as in Traction, E-Rickshaw batteries, Carbon blacks can be added at 0.3-0.5% level.

Suppliers of carbon Blacks are Cabot Corporation, Orion Engineered carbons, Luxembourg; Tokai Carbons, Japan; Continental Carbons ,India and many others .In any case, the

carbon should be tested before using it in formulations especially for gassing characteristics. A float current test will give an idea of gassing if direct collection of gas is not practical.

In order to increase service life of batteries-

• Use Corrosion – resistant alloy for positive grids and components

• Tetrabasic lead Sulphate (4BS) seed crystals should be added to positive paste for strength.

• Control shedding by good curing at high Temperature and High Relative Humidity.

• Add advanced Carbons-Graphite and/or Carbon Blacks to negative paste to control Sulphation.

• Cost of corrosion – resistant alloy is higher; but cost of negative paste is less due to lesser paste weights, partially reducing the overall cost.

How to Increase Life of Lead-Acid Battery? How to Increase Life of Lead-Acid Battery?

If you feel, you are a hundred percent dependent on God,He will look after you and save you from harm and injury.

– Shri Sathya Sai Baba

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नामसमरण क दीपक जलाए

िरीपावलरी क दिन, नामसमरण क िरीपक को जलान का सकलप कर और इस अपन होठो रपरी दार पर स थादपत कर। इसम भकति का तल लगाय और बातरी क रप म कसथरता परिान कर। िरीपक को अपन जरीवन क हर पल को रोशन करन ि। नाम का वभव आपक बाहर क अधर क साथ-साथ आपक अिर क अधर को भरी िर भगाएगा। आप अपन पास आन वाल सभरी लोगो क बरीच आनि और शादत फलाएग।– 24 अकटबर 1919 को सवामी क दीपवाली परचन स

परकाश की तरह सवय को ऊपर उठाए

"यदि आप एक मोमबतरी जलात ह, तो परकाश हमशा ऊपर की ओर उठकर कछ कहता ह। पानरी हमशा नरीच की ओर बहता ह, लदकन परकाश ऊपर की ओर इदगत करता ह। इसदलए जो परकाश ऊपर की ओर जाता ह वह हमशा आधयाकतमक मागग का परदतदनदधतव करता ह, दजस हम बरहम मारग कहत ह। यह ऊपर की दिशा दिवय पथ ह। मनषय को हमशा ऊपर की ओर बढना ह, दजसका अथग ह नारा, मानव को नारायण अथागत भगवान बनना ह। मानव को भगवान बनन क दलए, उस हमशा ऊपर की दिशा म याता

दीपावली का महतवभगवान शरी सतय साई बाबा दारा

दिवालरी क अवसरो पर दवदभनन परवचन

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तरफा यातायात नही ह, यह िो-तरफा परदरिया ह, जो िना और लना ह। अचछ शबि बोल। समयक दकटि (पदवत दकटि) का दवकास कर। पदवतता का जरीवन दजए। अपन जरीवन को पदवत बनाय।

– 4 नबर, 2002 को सवामी क ददवय परचन स

खशी क दीपक को परकाश म लाए

िरीपावलरी का अथग ह "रोशनरी की शखला।" "तमसोमवा जयोदतरगमय " (अधकार स परकाश की ओर ल जाना) एक उपदनषि पराथगना ह। इसका अथग ह दक जहा अधकार ह वहा परकाश की आवशयकता ह। यह अधरा कया ह? िःख हरी अधर का एक रप ह। अशादत िसरा ह। नकसान होना एक अलग ह। दनराशा अधर का एक रप ह। विना अलग ह। उतसाह की कमरी एक अलग चरीज ह। य सभरी अधर क दवदभनन रप ह। िःख क अधर स छटकारा पान क दलए, आपको खशरी क िरीपक को परकाश म लाना होगा। रोग क अधर को िर करन क दलए, आपको सवासथय क परकाश को सथादपत करना होगा। घाट और असफलताओ क अधर स बाहर दनकलन क दलए, आपको समदधि क परकाश म परवश करना होगा।


तमस अधकार ह और जयोतत

परकाश ह

यह अधरा कया ह और परकाश कया ह? मन क अिर की शादत का कम होना और बाहर ढर सार िःख, दवसगदत, िससाहस सभरी अलग-अलग लोगो क दलए अधकार की ओर ल जात ह। िरीपावलरी का अथग ह इस अधकार स बाहर आना, यह ह "तमसो मवा जयोदतमगरमय.. तमस अधकार ह और जयोदत परकाश ह। “हम अधकार स परकाश की ओर ल चलो।"

करनरी चादहए - यहरी वह परकाश ह दजसका अथग ह अपन को ऊपर उठाए। यहरी िरीपावलरी का सिश ह।”

– 1984 म सवामी क दीपवाली परचन स

पतवतरता का जीवन तजए,

अपन जीवन को पतवतर बनाय

"िरीपावलरी घटना कया सकत करतरी ह? यह मनषय क अिर बठा राकषस को मारन का सकत ितरी ह। 'नारा' का अथग ह मनषय और 'असर' (िानव)। यह िानव परतयक मनषय म मौजि ह। इस िानव को मारन क दलए महान असत और शसतो को परापत करना आवशयक नही ह। । मनषय को 'नारा' इसदलए कहा जाता ह कयोदक उसम आतमा ह। वह आतमा परम का अवतार ह। राकषसो को परम क माधयम स हरी मारना सभव ह। इसदलए, आतमा तत व का एहसास कर और परम का दवकास कर। यहरी सचरी भकति ह।

इस िरीपावलरी को, हम इतन सवादिटि वयजन तयार करक और उन पर िावत िकर िानव नरकासर को मारन क एक पदवत आयोजन को एक तयौहार क रप म मना रह ह। लदकन, हम इस पदवत घटना क आतररक अथग को समझन क दलए कोई परयास नही कर रह ह। इस महान घटना की पदवतता को समझन क दलए, हम सतसग (अचछरी सगत) म शादमल होना होगा। आपको सवाथग का जरीवन नही जरीना चादहए। वह एक वयकटि (दवदशटि वयकति) का जरीवन ह। वह वयथग जरीवन ह। यह कवल समकटि (सब दमलजलकर) जरीवन म ह, कया आप िवतव का एहसास कर सकत ह .. आपको सवय (सतसग समाज) क साथ अपनरी पहचान बनाकर एक खशहाल जरीवन वयतरीत करना चादहए। वासतव म, समकटि िवतव का अवतार ह। खशरी एक

SAISHARNAGATI

दफर वह परकाश कया ह? सख हरी परकाश ह। हमशा खश रहो। खशरी का अथग हो सकता ह खशरी, सवासथय, समदधि और शादत। ईशवर स पराथगना कर दक वह आपको अधर स शादत की रोशनरी म ल जाए। िरीपावलरी क िसर पहल का अथग ह आतररक शादत।

अगलरी बात, यह परकाश कहा ह? यह परकाश हमार भरीतर ह। हम इस परकाश क बार म पता नही ह। हर धमग म परकाश का महतव ह। परतयक और हर धमग परकाश, िरीपक और मोमबदतयो म दवशवास करता ह। हम दरिसमस का मौसम रोशनरी स भरा लगता ह। हम लोग जोरोकसरियनवाि और दहि धमग म आग का बहत महतव मानत ह। हर धमग म मोमबदतया जलाना बहत महतवपणग ह। यह आपको और मझ याि दिलाता ह दक आप जो परकाश बाहर िखत ह, वह आपक भरीतर भरी ह। आप अपन अिर म परकाश को जबरिसतरी अथवा ताकत स स थादपत नही कर सकत। कही स भरी आपको परकाश लाना नही ह वह तो आपक भरीतर दवदयमान ह।

िरीपावलरी का अथग ह दक परकाश आपक भरीतर हः- दकस परकार का परकाश? मोमबतरी क परकाश क रप म हम बाहर जो परकाश पात ह, वह बझतरी ह। दजस कषण तल चला जाता ह यह बाहररी परकाश बाहर दनकल जाता ह। दजस कषण मोम दपघलता ह, मोमबतरी की रोशनरी दनकल जातरी ह। बाहररी परकाश बझा हआ ह, लदकन भरीतर का परकाश शाशवत ह। भरीतर का परकाश अमर ह। भरीतर का परकाश अनतता की दनरतरता म स एक ह।

आप परकाश ह। इस परकाश की वजह स हरी हम इस िदनया म किम रख पा रह ह, गदतदवदध स भर हए ह, सफल ह, जागरकता म रहत ह, आधयाकतमक जान और आधयाकतमक अनभव करत

ह। िरीपावलरी परकाश क बार म जागरक होन का एक अवसर ह। यहरी िरीपावलरी का महतव ह।

– सवामी

नरका चतददशी

नरका चतिगशरी िरीपावलरी समारोह स जडरी ह। नरक चतिगशरी क दिन भगवान कषण न नरकासर का वध दकया था इसदलए इस दिन भगवान कषण की जरीत का जशन मनाया जाता ह।

यहा यह धयान रखना चादहए दक िदकषण भारत म दिवालरी उतर भारत म मनाए जान स एक दिन पहल मनाई जातरी ह।

उतर भारत म िरीपावलरी का उतसव भगवान राम क वनवास स अयोधया लौटन पर आधाररत ह। लदकन िदकषण भारत म यह सतयभामा की मिि स भगवान कषण न राकषस नरका को मारन पर आधाररत ह।

बरहा क वरिान की मिि स भदम िवरी और दवषण क पत िानव नरका, बहत शकतिशालरी हो गया था। वरिान यह था दक वह कवल अपनरी माता भदम िवरी दारा हरी मारा जा सकता था। ऐसरी अपार शकति स नरका न अपना आतम दनयतण खो दिया और वह बहत अहकाररी हो गया था। उसन लोगो और िवरी-िवताओ को परशान करना शर कर दिया। उसन जबरन िवता की मा अदिदत क कान क झमक भरी छरीन दलए।

अत म, नरका का सतयानाश करन का काम भगवान कषण पर आ गया। हमशा की तरह, चतराई स भगवान कषण न अपनरी पतनरी सतयभामा और भदम िवरी को अपनरी ओर दमलाया तादक वह नरका क दखलाफ लडाई म उनक साथ रह और उनक सारथरी बन।

नरका और कषण क बरीच की लडाई न पररी

SAISHARNAGATI

Contents Contents



àæéÖ ÎèÂæßÜèSAI

SHARNAGATI

िदनया को दहला दिया था। लडाई क िौरान, नरका दारा चलाया गया एक तरीर कषण को लग जाता ह और वह तरीर कषण को बहोश कर िता ह। सतयभामा को यह सहन नही हो सका और उनहोन कषण का धनष-बाण दलया और िानव नरका को मार दिया।

ऐसा कहा जाता ह दक मरन स पहल नरका को अपनरी गलदतयो का एहसास हआ और उसन अपन माता-दपता स अपन नाम पर लोगो दारा एक तयौहार मनान क दलए अनरोध दकया। इसदलए िरीवालरी क दिन क बाि घर का कडा-करकट आदि घर स बाहर दनकालत ह अथागत लोग अपन अिर का दष, जलन, घमड आदि को बाहर दनकाल कर फकन को लकर यह तयौहार भरी मनाया जाता ह। यह तयौहार लोगो को याि दिलाएगा दक कया होता ह जब व अहकाररी होत ह और उस अहकाररी क समापत होन क बाि कया होता ह। नरका चतिगशरी यह भरी इशारा करतरी ह दक अचछाई और बराई एक हरी मल स उगतरी ह।


दीपावली

िरीपावलरी पर धन की िवरी लकमरी की पजा की जातरी ह, और दवशष रप स वयापाररक समिाय क दलए नए साल की शरआत होतरी ह। व अपन खातो का दनपटान करत ह और नई दकताब खोलत ह।

भारत म हर राषटरीयता क इस िरीपावलरी उतसव क अपन कारण ह। लदकन, अतदनगदहत दवषय, बराई और आधयाकतमक जान पर अचछाई की जरीत ह।

यह िरीपावलरी का हरी दिन था जब शरी राम, रावण का वध कर अयोधया लौट थ और उनका

राजयादभषक हआ। लब समय तक राम क वनवास म रहन स अयोधया अधर म डब गयरी थरी। उनकी अनपकसथदत म अयोधया अधर म और जगल रोशनरी स भर गय थ।

राम की वापसरी अयोधया क लोगो दारा दिवय सयोग की वापसरी क रप म की गई थरी और इसदलए उनहोन हर जगह िरीप जलाकर परभ राम का सवागत दकया।

यहरी नही, इसक अलावा यह वह दिन ह दजस दिन उनक वामन अवतार म भगवान न बालरी स तरीन फीट जमरीन (भगवान क पर स मापा गया) का वचन दमलन क बाि समाट बालरी को पर स पाताल भज दिया था। वामन (दवषण क अवतार क रप म) न बालरी क अहकार को शात करन क दलए तरीन फीट भदम का उपहार दिया।

िरीपावलरी एक तयोहार ह दजस अहकार क िमन क जशन क रप म मनाया जाता ह। मनषय अजानता क अधकार म डबा हआ ह और सथायरी और अपदवत क बरीच भिभाव की शकति खो चका ह। जब अहकार (अहकार-भावना) क कारण होन वाल अजान क अधकार को दिवय जान क परकाश स िर दकया जाता ह, तो दिवय का अनभव होता ह। िरीपावलरी भरी वह दिन ह दजस दिन समाट दवरिमादितय दसहासन पर आसरीन हए थ।

यदि अजानता क अधर को िर करना ह, तो मनषय को एक बतगन, तल, बातरी और एक मादचस की आवशयकता होतरी ह जो बाहररी िरीपक का रप लता ह। आिमरी का दिल बतगन ह, मन बातरी ह, परम तल ह और वरागय (बदलिान) मादचस ह। जब आपक पास य चार होत ह, आतम-जयोदत (आतमा की दिवय लौ) बहत तजरी

स चमकतरी ह। जब आतमा का परकाश दिवय होता ह तो जान का परकाश परकट होता ह और वह अजान क अधर को िर करता ह।

िरीपावलरी का आतररक महतव मनषय को अधकार स परकाश की ओर ल जाना ह। मनषय सिा अधकार म डबा रहता ह। जब वह अधर म छा जाय तो उस एक िरीपक जलाना चादहए जो उसक मन मदिर म चमक रहा ह। जहा भरी जाए, उस िरीपक को साथ ल जाए। जहा िरीपक रपरी परकाश होगा वहा सवय हरी आपको सदागग की पराकपत हो जायगरी।


गीता का सार एक मतर म

भगवान कषण पाच ततवो क अवतार ह:- अथागत आकाश, वाय, अकगन, जल और पथवरी। वह पाच पराणवायओ का भरी परतरीक ह - पराण, अपान, समान, उिान और वयान। "कली कषवाय रोददवाय रोपीजनललभवाय सवाहवा " इस मत म भगवत गरीता का सार समादहत ह। पाच नाम पाच पराणो (महतवपणग वाय) का परदतदनदधतव करत ह। करीम पथवरी को सिदभगत करता ह। कषणाय का अथग जल स ह। गोदविाय अकगन (अकगन-िवता) को सिदभगत करता ह। गोपरीजनवललभाय वाय को सिदभगत करता ह।

– सवामी क 1989 म दीपवाली परचन स

SAISHARNAGATI

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Contents Contents




Contents Contents



Contents