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Data Analytics
Content Provided by the
CSA Excellence Presentation Series
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Changing Landscape
• Many healthcare organizations are experiencing positive ROI results in data analytics and reporting technologies
• New payment models such as Accountable Care Organizations are driving the need for more meaningful data
• Industry is fast paced with many competing priorities
• Everyone wants Meaningful Data!
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Big Picture
• Patient Data lives everywhere in the healthcare environment
• The legal health record is multifaceted and ever-changing due to health information exchange and the quest for interoperability
• Organizations must do more with less and still provide quality care with focus on lowering costs
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Who Wants Your Health
Information?
HIMSS Health Information Exchange Wiki / HIEDefinition
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The Management of
Information
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AHIMA’s Definition of
Information Governance
An enterprise-wide framework
for managing information
throughout its lifecycle and
supporting the organization’s
strategy, operations,
regulatory, legal, risk, and
environmental requirements
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Other Definitions for IG
• Having control over all the information that flows through, into, out of, and stays in, an organization. MetLife
• It’s about the policies and the practices that enable you to make decisions about how you’re going to manage your information. NextPage
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IG in Healthcare Includes:
Data Quality and Data Governance
IT Governance
Legal, e-Discovery, e-Disclosure
Standards, Best Practices, Guidelines, Principles
Privacy, Security & Confidentiality
Lifecycle Mgmt: Creation & Capture, Retention, Archiving, Preservation, and Disposal
Clinical Data Capture, Coding, CDI
Compliance, Risk Management, Patient Safety
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IG for Healthcare
• IG is not JUST needed in hospitals….but in all types of
delivery settings, and across the healthcare
ecosystem….. Wherever information is exchanged,
used, administered, analyzed, released, stored,
archived or deleted/destroyed, it must be governed.
• IG is NOT an IT project… it is not a project at all… but
an ingraining of principles, a framework, rules and
processes for managing and controlling information
across the enterprise.
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Information Governance-
Healthcare
• There must be acceptance that information is a
mission-critical asset to be controlled throughout its
lifecycle.
• Data and information regardless of medium must be
included
• All information must be governed….IG in healthcare
cannot be limited to health information…Data and
information supporting the business of the entire
organization must be governed.
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What is Data Governance
(DG)?
Data Governance is:
– Defined “as a set of processes that ensure that
important data assets are formally managed
through the enterprise” (Sarsfield 2009, 23)
– Generally focused on master or critical data
and the processes that capture, process and
audit data.
Kloss, Linda. (2015) “Implementing Health Information Governance, Lessons From the Field
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Need for Good Data
• Too much data being collected and not
used.
– “Dark Data”
• Causes inefficiencies and lack of direction
• Ultimately interferes with quality of care
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Data Quality Management Model
AHIMA. "Data Quality Management Model (Updated)." Journal of AHIMA 83, no.7 (July 2012): 62-67.
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Why Collect Data?
• For safe and effective patient care
• For stable business operations
• For financial viability
• To…Transform it into usable, meaningful information to reach these goals.
– If achieved, business intelligence has been derived from our data and information assets.
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Too Busy?
“It is not enough to be busy. So are the ants. The question is: What are we busy about?” Henry David Thoreau
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Analysis Paralysis
• Too much information
• Irrelevant information
• Not knowing how, when
and where to stop collecting
data1
• No clear strategic plan
http://www.slideshare.net/Dexymine/analysis-paralysis-31078406
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Data Capture
• Internal:
– Starts with patient registration
– Electronic discrete data elements through
templates, forms, barcodes, direct entry,
speech recognition with or without NLP,
dictation and transcription
– Unstructured data such as handwritten notes
or scanned images
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Data Capture Best Practices
• Evaluate the data and determine its placement in the
record
• Collect the data in a standardized format using templates
or discrete fields to make retrieval for reporting easier
• Routinely audit a sample of records that were collected
using the data capture methods described above
• Acquire primary and secondary data from existing
internal or external data sources
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How Do We Use Data?
• Financial
• Clinical
• Operational
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Financial
• Case Mix Index
• DRG Analysis
• APC reimbursement
• Revenue Cycle
• Hospital Acquired Conditions
– Present on Admission (POA) Indicators
• CMS Value Based Purchasing
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Financial – VBP Measures
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Clinical
• Registry Data
– Cancer Registry
– Trauma Registry
– Birth Defect Registry
• Infection Rates
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Clinical - Example
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Operational
• Physician Productivity
• Daily Department Stats
• Average Length of Stay
• Hospital Readmission Rates
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Operational – Example
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Analysis Versus Analytics
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Analysis
• Process of deconstructing or breaking a complex issue, part, topic or substance into smaller parts to gain a better understanding
• Is HIM familiar with this process?
– Examples:
– Coding
– Auditing
– Workflow assessments
– Quality measurements
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Analysis
• May or may not be used with technology
• Can include information such as gaps,
sequences and measures
• But, this is not necessarily Analytics
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• Applying scientific or quantitative methods
to discern patterns and provide insights
using:
– Statistics
– Algorithms
– Data mining
– Machine learning
Analytics
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Analytics
• Data Mining and Machine Learning are closely tied and often used interchangeably
– Data Mining is the process of extracting and analyzing large volumes of data to find hidden relationships or patterns to predict behaviors
– Machine Learning studies algorithms and computer programs to enhance learning experiences and is a core concept of artificial intelligence
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Analytics
• Business Intelligence
• Big Data
• Data Science
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Analytics
• Decision Support Systems is a broad term used to describe a support tool such as Computerized Provider Order Entry (CPOE)
• Example: – HCO partners with DSS vendor to enhance
compliance for severe sepsis and septic shock.
– Searched for a correlation between compliance and patient mortality and to identify patterns from previous patients to construct a predictive model for early detection
– 100 lives were saved in the first nine months
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Analytics
http://www.tcshealthcare.com/sites/default/files/140507%20Press%20Release%20TCS%20Trend%20Report%208%20Announcement_FINAL.pdf
• Trends:
– Traditional reporting tools such as Excel,
Crystal Report, Access remain is the most
common applications
– Emerging applications like Tableau have a
smaller part of the market share
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Analytics – Trending Example
febrile neutropenia A condition marked by fever and a lower-than-normal number of neutrophils in the blood. A neutrophil is a type of white blood cell that helps fight infection. Having too few neutrophils increases the risk of infection. [Source: NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms]
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Analytics
• Importance of dashboards and
visualization capabilities:
– Ability to manipulate reports and
data presented
– Convenient access to and delivery
of information (ex mobile devices)
– View trends for individual patients
and large sets of data
http://www.tcshealthcare.com/sites/default/files/140507%20Press%20Release%20TCS%20Trend%20Report%208%20Announcement_FINAL.pdf
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Analytics – Dashboard Example
Key features: • Target values
• Indication of trends
• Monthly and annual figures
• Drill down to unit level
• Actionable metrics
• Clinical input!
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Analytics
• Analytics often includes data mapping and
visualization techniques to further
communicate insight to bring meaning to
the data.
• Does the data mean anything without
being able to communicate patterns?
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Analytics – Visualization
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Examples of Using Data for
Meaningful Analytics
– Who is at high risk for re-admission?
– Is fraudulent activity occurring?
– How are new payment models affecting
reimbursement?
– How does our EMPI duplicate rate affect
current and future plans for our HIE efforts?
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Episode Performance
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Notes
• Data Analysis Toolkit, Updated 2014
• An Introduction to Information
Governance, CSA Excellence
Presentation Series
• Pocket Glossary of Health Information
Management and Technology, Fourth
Edition
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Questions