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    A

    SUMMER PROJECT REPORT

    On

    “CONSUMER SATISFACTION WITH DAINIK JAGRAN”

    Submitted to !"d# P!"ti!$ Fu$%i$$ment o% t&e Re'ui"ement %o" t&e

    A !"d o% t&e De("ee o%

    “)ACHE*OR OF )USINESS ADMINISTRATION”F"om

    +AFFI*IATED TO C,C,S, UNI-ERSIT./ MEERUT0Se##ion

    +1231412350

    Submitted To6 Submitted )76M"#, Renu8! Sin(& -I-EK KUMAR

    Ro$$ No, 923:5;9

    ))A4 -I Sem

    ASTRON CO**EGE OF EDUCATION/MEERUT

    1

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    STUDENT!tion/ Mee"ut he imperial finding

    in this report is based on the data collected by me. I ha!e not submitted this pro"ect report to

    #.#.S $ni!ersity or any other $ni!ersity for the purpose of compliance of any re%uirement of

    any e&amination or degree e!er before.

    DATE6 -I-EK KUMAR

    Ro$$ No, 923:5;9

    ))A4 -I Sem

    '

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    PREFACE

    I ha!e to undergo for the training program in the after completing the first year. he attracti!e

    feature of the B.B.A. course is that along with theory we also get to ha!e the e&posure of the

    practical en!ironment. he topic for my pro"ect report is 64

    he (ro"ect )eport re!ol!es around the Sakhi maga*ine e&plore the !arious aspects of maga*ine.

    he certain ob"ecti!es were predefined and the task was to accomplish them. his report also

    pro!ides the sur!ey analysis about the nature of retailer prescription and the key factors o!er

    which a company should ha!e a strong hold to sur!i!e with a long-term !iew.

    he study was confined geographically to south +elhi. he data source was collected from the

    regular !isits of distributors retailer s.

    A special task was also assigned to me to analy*e the market opportunities in different regions of

    South +elhi. It under that different counter has been !isited. A set of %uestionnaire was prepared

    scrutini*ed before going for market analysis.

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    ACKNOW*EDGEMENT

    (resenting a )esearch report of this type is an arduous task, demanding a lot of time. I will

    remember all of them with gratitude.

    I must, howe!er, especially )ender /y special sincere thanks towards

    for gi!ing me a chance to take this research for their !aluable guidance, which helped me on all

    those points, which I needed to include in, with full intensity.

    I must, howe!er, especially )ender /y special sincere thanks towards pro"ect guide

    M"#, Renu8! Sin(&/ F!>u$t7 o% M!n!(ement/ A#t"on Co$$e(e O% Edu>!tion/ Mee"ut for co-

    operating me at e!ery point of pro"ect duration, whene!er re%uired.

    I am always thankful to my Almighty 0od, for always being with me and showing me the right

    ways, /y amily, for always doing fa!ors to me and my friends and colleagues consistently

    helped with encouragement and criticism throughout the research work, for always lifting my

    sights to higher !ision, raising my personality beyond normal limitation and for reali*ing me my

    strengths and potential, as I did not always welcome her e&hortation, 2try again3 you can do

    better.4 But this research owes a great deal to it 5 and so do I.

    -I-EK KUMAR

    6

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    TA)*E OF CONTENTS

    #hapter (age1. #7/(A89 ()7 I:;

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    COMPAN. PROFI*E

    DAINIK JAGRAN

    +ainik >agran is a leading ?indi -language broadsheet daily newspaper in India. +ainik >agran is

    a ?indi daily newspaper. +ainik >agran, founded in 1D6' was the brainchild of the aggressi!e

    =

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    freedom fighter /r. (uranchandra 0upta. he first Eion was launched in >hansi in 1D6' and in

    1D6 +ainik >agran shifted his head%uarters to Ganpur and thus launched its second Eion. he

    paper at that time was the only one of its kind and was a mirror image of those times and the

    people of that bygone era. he ?indi 8ews paper market in India has a rich tradition and

    heritage. Brands like ?industan from ? , +ainik Bhaskar, Amar $""ala, 8a!bharat imes and

    many others ha!e a combined reader ship which is the largest in the world. ?indi newspaper

    "ournalism makes use of the subtle nuances which are permitted by the ?indi language. he big

    ?indi newspapers ha!e now embarked upon new marketing strategies and promotions to attract

    new readers and ad!ertisers alike. Best (ractices from the ;nglish media are probably beingadopted and in some cases blindly copied, in hope of differentiation and emulating international

    publishers and content owners.

    he ?indi newspaper readers are mainly from the following states $( ?imachal (radesh Bihar

    >harkhand #hhattisgarh /adhya (radesh )a"asthan +elhiH8#) ?aryana (un"ab Gashmir

    $ttaranchal Cest Bengal and probably more states

    Interestingly, there seems to be huge opportunity for ad!ertisers to tap this populace, probably

    =E of IndiaJs population. here are some arguments as to the potential reali*ation of the market,

    howe!er the rate at which multinationals are approaching these di!erse markets.

    ?e is also the #hairman of Shakumbhri Sugar and Allied Industries :td., #hairman and

    /anaging +irector of >agran (rakashan K(L:td.., +irector of >agran :td., >agran /icro /otors

    :td., /emberK ;&ecuti!e committeeL of Indian 8ews (aper Society , Indian :anguage 8ews

    (aper Association , ounder Secretary and reasurer of Shri (uran #handra Smarak rust,

    Ganchan #haritable rust, (ast (resident of Indian 8ewspaper Society , Indian :anguage

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanpurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanpur

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    >agran #hannels >agran.com has !arious channels on its website focusing on different

    information needs of its users. 7n the website the latest news in ?indi more than E times a day.

    In addition to news, they also ha!e more than E other channels on their website including

    >unior >agran is an all colored, bilingual, weekly tabloid catering to the taste of the youngsters

    and teenagers of 1 51D years age group. >unior >agran will definitely bridge the gap as the

    content and layout of the tabloid will be bilingual as per the taste of teenagers.M

    Ghana Gha*ana is a cookery channel targeted at household women who cherish cooking. >agran

    9ahooN Ghana Gha*ana is a complete resource of multi cuisine recipes and %uick cooking tips.

    Ghana Gha*ana in!ol!es the subtle combination of !arious ingredients to create dishes that are

    truly sublime.

    #ine /a*a is a popular Bollywood news and re!iews channel of >agran.com gi!ing information

    on bollywood, top @ releases, Bo& office hits, fact file of actors and actresses with biographies

    and latest releases.

    +ainik >agran is a ?indi daily newspaper. Its first Eion was launched from >hansi, $ttar (radesh

    in 1D6'. It then shifted its head%uarters to Ganpur, $ttar (radesh and started the :ucknow Eion.

    It presently has ' Eions and prints o!er 'EE sub-Eions. he newspaper has publishing units at

    $ttar (radesh, $ttarakhand, Bihar, >harkhand, (un"ab, ?aryana, /adhya (radesh, +elhi, >ammu

    and Gashmir, ?imachal (radesh and parts of Cest Bengal. It was ranked as the highest read

    national daily across all languages Kincluding ;nglishL in India as per 8)S-'EE@.

    India s leading 8ewspaper published from 1E States and has ' Eion running successfully all

    through the country. It s soon to launch its ne&t Eion from Indore. )ecogni*ed for the

    D

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    authenticity, rich culture base and Values. A complete ?indi daily for entire family. he company

    is seeking a +eputy Eor, to be based in Indore.

    he person who can assist the Eor and coordinate the complete team of Eorial of about =E people

    and bureaus. Sharp ideas for selecting the news and placement of the different news and stories.

    Should be ac%uainted with modern software and technologies of a national le!el newspaper.

    /ust be !ery good in creating the ideas of layouts, display and graphics on first page and other

    special pages. ?a!ing e&perience of minimum 1E years working under any recogni*ed, reputed

    national le!el hindi daily. Should be !ery friendly with internet and all printing technologies. he

    person will get the preference who can also write the Eorial and spot comments on day to day

    important stories.

    Indi!idual will head the ad!ertising deptt. , ?andling the entire internal and e&ternal

    communication. It is an e&citing opportunity for a top- of-the-line marketing professional to

    impact a large business, which is scaling up rapidly and wants marketing and brand building to

    play a crucial role in the organisation through a rigorous branding e&ercise.

    Should be a top of the line marketing management professional, with enormous familiarity with

    media markets. ?igh and pro!en skills in creati!e appreciation. A track record of inno!ation.

    $nderstanding of consumer beha!ior in rapidly changing sectors useful. +eep familiarity of the

    () function. #andidate may ha!e a mi& of /edia and /#0 e&perience from companies known

    for their marketing. ;!en candidates from the /#0 industry with e&ceptional depth and width

    of /edia Industry. /ust ha!e high energy, along with influencing and impacting skills. /ust be

    entrepreneurial, hands on and possess a proacti!e approach. ;&cellent communication and

    leadership skills.

    1E

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    India s leading 8ewspaper published from 1E States and has ' Eion running successfully all

    through the country. It s soon to launch its ne&t Eion from Indore. )ecogni*ed for the

    authenticity, rich culture base and Values. A complete ?indi daily for entire family. he company

    is seeking an Ad!ertising /anager, to be based in Indore.

    )esponsibilities

    Indi!idual will head the branding, ad!ertising and all the related pre- launch acti!ities, the

    complete media buying and planning and also the entire internal and e&ternal communication. It

    is an e&citing opportunity for a top- of-the-line marketing professional to impact a large business,

    which is scaling up rapidly and wants marketing and brand building to play a crucial role in the

    organisation through a rigorous branding e&ercise. he indi!idual will ha!e to understand the

    emotions of consumers to support product de!elopment, segmentation and targeting. he whole

    branding for the launch of the 8ewspaper for a competiti!e market. (roducing and implementing

    integrated and effecti!e brand marketing plans, which deli!er increasing brand acceptance,market share and brand strength in the chosen consumer segments. ;nsure continued preference

    of the brand amongst its customers. o build inno!ati!e mass media based initiati!es. Steer

    consumer understanding through market research, incorporating insights from the research

    analysis into the marketing plans and continuously obser!ing competition, both direct and

    indirect. o enhance %uality of internal and e&ternal communication. o dri!e efficiencies in

    media buying and planning. o lead generation of clutter breaking ideas and communication.

    Should be a top of the line marketing management professional, with enormous familiarity with

    media markets. Should ha!e high conceptual clarity and ha!e been in!ol!ed in or led the

    11

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    transformation and positioningH launch of successful brands. ?igh and pro!en skills in creati!e

    appreciation. A track record of inno!ation. $nderstanding of consumer beha!ior in rapidly

    changing sectors useful. +eep familiarity of the () function. #andidate may ha!e a mi& of

    consumer K /#0L and financial ser!ices industry e&perience from companies known for their

    marketing and brand building capabilities. ;!en candidates from the /#0 industry with

    e&ceptional depth and width of /edia Industry. /ust ha!e high energy, along with influencing

    and impacting skills. /ust be entrepreneurial, hands on and possess a proacti!e approach.

    ;&cellent communication and leadership skills.

    >agran (rakashan is the publisher of the ?indi daily newspaper Dainik Jagran , which is thelargest selling newspaper in India in terms of total readership of 1 .1m KI)S-'EE )1L and '.'m

    circulation KAB#- >ul-+ec'EE=L. Dainik Jagran is published in 1 Eions across 1' 8orth Indian

    States. he company also publishes a women s maga*ine Sakhi and an annual knowledge digest

    Jagran Varshiki . o flank the mother brand Dainik Jagran and to increase market share in its

    e&isting markets, >agran recently launched two new newspaper formats 5 City Plus and I-Next .

    Chile City Plus is a free newspaper, I-Next is a compact newspaper targeting the youth. >agran

    also has a tie-up with The Independent to publish its facsimile Eion in India. It also has a tie-up

    with 9ahooN to launch a co-branded internet property. >agran has a presence in the growing out of

    home and e!ents management market in India.

    (romoted by the 0upta family, the >agran group is one of the well known business groups in

    8orth India and is immensely popular for its ?indi daily O+AI8IG >A0)A8 . (romoted in 1D6'

    by the late (uran #handra 0upta, a freedom fighter, +ainik >agran is currently ranked as the 8o.

    1 ?indi newspaper in India. Cith a strong readership base of 1 .@ mn readers spread o!er

    Indian states, +ainik >agran reaches out to nearly @= of the Indian population. he newspaper

    1'

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    co!ers a !ast geographical area comprising the states of $(, $ttaranchal, (un"ab, Bihar, and

    +elhi, ?aryana, >harkhand, /.(. and parts of )a"asthan.

    An O-ER-IEW

    Tie4U? it& .!&oo@ %o" Inte"net Po"t!$

    >agran has a tie-up with 9ahooN India for hosting a common portal offering >agran s content

    Sakhi in the e-paper format along with 9ahooN s other Sakhi ser!ices. (rior to the tie-up, >agran s

    news portal www."agran.com was the most !isited ?indi news portal in the world, but >agran

    was not as successful in moneti*ing the web site.

    1

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    $nder the arrangementP

    >agran s original content in news, sports and current affairs will be offered along with 9ahoo s

    Sakhi content.

    9ahooN India will host and manage the ad!ertising sales of the co-branded property on a re!enue-

    sharing basis.

    >agran and 9ahooN India will "ointly distribute 9ahooN India s search offering.

    Ce belie!e the moneti*ation process of >agranJs Sakhi news content will be significantly e&pEed

    after the tie-up with 9ahooN India, and also the technology platform of the property will impro!e

    significantly.Ce are not building in any incremental re!enues from the >agran 9ahooN

    Internet property presently, as selling of ad-in!entory and actual flow through of re!enues is

    %uite some time away.

    >D is a separate di!ision of >A0( catering specifically to the S/S ser!ices segment. >agran is

    targeting re!enues of )s@Em in 9E . I8/I: is e&pected to bring in significant technology and

    e&pertise in this business.

    1@

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    Mi("!tion %"om ) W to Co$o" AdBe"ti#in(

    Ce see the share of color ad!ertising for >agran e&panding in the total print ad!ertising space

    dri!en by increasing demand and >agran s increased color capacity. As can be seen from igure

    1 , >agran s color ad!ertising as a percentage of total ad!ertising space increased from 1D in

    9E@ to in 9E . /anagement e&pects color ad!ertising to reach =@ of the total

    ad!ertising space by 911;.

    >agran s color ad!ertising rates are at a '@-6E premium on an a!erage to black and white rates.

    9ields on color ad!ertising are thus !ery high as the incremental cost for color ad!ertising is not

    proportionate to the ad!ertising rates.

    >agran has recently augmented its color capacity at Ganpur while the e&pansion at :ucknow will

    be completed by 9E ;. /anagement has a clear policy of increasing color capacity in markets

    commensurate with the demand for color ad!ertising. (resently, >agran has enough capacity to

    cater to the demand for color ad!ertising in its present markets.

    1=

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    G!? bet een Re(ion!$ !nd En($i#& AdBe"ti#in( .ie$d#

    he print ad!ertising re!enue pie in India is skewed toward ;nglish newspapers with more than

    @E of Indian print media s ad!ertising re!enues coming from ;nglish newspapers. )egional

    language and ?indi newspapers ad!ertising yields are typically lower than the ;nglish language

    papers, as ;nglish readers, being in higher socio economic brackets, ha!e higher purchasing

    power and are !ied for by ad!ertisers.

    1

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    T&i# !#?e>t o% t&e Indi!n !dBe"ti#in( indu#t"7 i# >&!n(in( !#6

    1. here is a greater allocation of ad!ertising budgets to smaller towns, as ad!ertisers

    increasingly use regional language papers to target the underpenetrated smaller towns and

    cities.

    '. Increase in demand for ad!ertising space in smaller towns asP

    a. Smaller towns with population up to a million become the focus of organi*ed

    retailers. According to research firm GSA echno pack, the retail boom, @ of

    which was so far restricted to the metros, is set to percolate to ier II-III cities.

    hese cities are underpenetrated and offer cheap real estate options, whichcoupled with impro!ing brand acceptance by consumers, will lead to a faster

    breake!en.

    b. Increasing number of I firms mo!e to ier II-III cities for cost ad!antages

    through reduced labor, real estate costs and lower attrition.

    ?indi and regional re!enues are already growing at a faster pace than the ;nglish

    ad!ertising re!enues in print media.

    1

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    Su#t!in!b$e 12415 Ad R!te Hi8e#

    +ri!en by increased readership and the buoyancy in the ad!ertising market, >agran has been able

    to e&ecute consistent price hikes o!er the last few years. Chile last year >agran had hiked its ad

    rates by E , this year it has taken a hike of @ in its ad rates in $( and in the other Eions by

    an a!erage '@ .

    0i!en the buoyancy in the ad!ertising market and the increasing share of regional ad!ertising in

    this e&panding pie, we belie!e price hikes of 'E-'@ in the ne&t two years seem sustainable.

    Based on ad rate hikes and increasing in!entory utili*ation, we are forecasting an ad!ertising

    re!enue growth of ' for >agran o!er 9E -1E;. It is worth pointing out here that in the print

    business, ad!ertising re!enues ha!e a direct flow through to the bottom line, and any increase in

    ad!ertising re!enues leads to a disproportionate increase in profitability and earnings.

    Moneti !tion o% M!tu"in( 2ion#

    >agran s ;BI +A margins e&panded from =.D in 9E@ to 'E in 9E dri!en by ad rate hikes

    and increased color ad!ertising. In future, we e&pect the operating margin e&pansion to sustain

    on the back of strong operating le!erage as the impact of moneti*ation of maturing Eions kicks

    in. rom 'EEE-'EE@, >agran s profitability was depressed due toP

    1. ;&pansion into new markets3 and

    '. #o!er price war with the leader in the (un"ab market.

    /ost of the -D loss-making Eions in the new markets are nearing breake!en. In the print

    business, depending on the market, an Eion takes 6- @ years to mature when the ad!ertising

    re!enues reach the critical le!el to be able to co!er the newsprint cost and other fi&ed costs such

    as employee e&penses, etc. Ce e&pect -6 of the loss-making Eions to break e!en in 9ED, with

    1D

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    the rest turning profitable in 91E. Ce are building in operating margins of '6.1 , '=. and

    E.1 in 9E ;, 9ED; and 91E;, respecti!ely.

    OOH !nd EBent# M!n!(ement to *end St!bi$it7

    >agran forayed into the 7ut-of-?ome market in 'EE6. his broadening of its ad!ertising offering

    will not only enable >agran to offer comprehensi!e and integrated ad!ertising solutions to its

    clients but also will help reduce dependence on publishing re!enues and enable it to participate

    in the 77? market growth in India. Ce are forecasting re!enue #A0) of = and 6 for

    77? and e!ents management respecti!ely o!er 9E -1E;.

    Com?!n7 !nd M! o" S&!"e&o$de"#< )!>8("ound

    >agran (rakashan is promoted by the 0upta family. /ahindra /ohan 0upta is the #/+ while

    San"ay 0upta is the #;7 and #hief Eor of Dainik Jagran . Besides print media, the promoters

    ha!e a radio license and a 6@ stake in the news broadcasting channel IB8 . 7ther non-media

    interests include sugar and mall operations through its companies )a!e ;ntertainment (!t. :td

    and )a!eQ/oti ;ntertainment (!t. :td.

    S&!"e&o$din( P!tte"n

    he 0upta family has a @'.1 stake in >agran (rakashan. Independent 8ews and /edia

    In!estments :td. KI8/I:L has a strategic 'E. stake and two board seats.

    otal foreign in!estment as of September 'EE was '6. , which does not lea!e much room for

    new foreign in!estment.

    Ri#8#

    'E

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    Ce rate >agran :ow )isk based on our %uantitati!e risk rating system that tracks '=E-day

    historical share price !olatility.

    he key downside risks to our target price includeP

    1. Ad!ertising constitutes =@ of total re!enues for >agran, which are dependent on

    the macro en!ironment. Any slowdown in the economic acti!ity in India leading

    to a slowdown of 0+( growth would lead to an o!erall decline in the ad!ertising

    industry re!enues, thus impacting >agran s re!enues and profitability.

    '. >agran is the market leader in $ttar (radesh and is a strong 8o. ' in $ttaranchal,

    Bihar, etc. Any increase in competiti!e intensity in any of these markets could potentially lead to increase in sales promotionsHdiscounts to agents, co!er price

    decrease, etc., which would significantly impact the circulation and might lead to

    newsprint losses, negati!ely affecting profitability.

    . (oor response to the new newspaper formats of I-Next and City Plus would put a

    strain on profitability and might depress the earnings in the coming years till they

    reach breake!en.

    6. 8ewsprint costs, which form @E of the production costs for >agran, ha!e been

    subdued for the last few %uarters. Any escalation in newsprint prices would

    impact its profitability se!erely as print media companies typically do not pass on

    these hikes to consumers through co!er price increase, etc.

    @. )ecently, some states ha!e put restrictions on the number and location of out of

    home installations citing potential risk to traffic mo!ements and en!ironmental

    concerns. Chile, this has been implemented only in select areas presently, should

    there be any widespread implementation of such restriction, our 77? re!enue

    '1

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    forecasts would be at risk. Also, since 77? properties are leased for long

    durations, >agran stands to lose its in!estments in 77? properties in case of such

    an e!ent.

    Gey upside risks to our target price includeP

    1. ;arlier than e&pected breake!en of its loss-making Eions would lead to an

    impro!ement in >agran s performance and would be positi!e for the stock.

    '. Better than e&pected -D 0+( growth for India would lead to strong growth in

    the print ad!ertising market as well, implying stronger growth for >agran.

    . #urrently, there is a '= limit on II in!estment in print stocks. Any easing of this restriction would be positi!e for the stock.

    6. Success and earlier than e&pected moneti*ation of >agran s co-branded Internet

    property with 9ahooN would be a positi!e for profitability and stock sentiment.

    ''

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    '

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    Cebsite meerut.nic.in

    / eerut K?indi P $rdu (ronunciation Khelp Xinfo LL is a city in the Indian state of $ttar (radesh .T U It

    is an ancient city with settlements dating back to the Indus Valley ci!ili*ation ha!ing been found

    in and around the area. he city lies E km K6 miL northeast of the national capital 8ew +elhi ,

    and 6@ km K' 1 miL northwest of the st ate capital, :ucknow .T6U It is the second largest city in

    the 8ational #apital )egion of India Kthe largest being +elhi L, the 1=th largest metropolitan area

    and '@th largest city in India. T@U T=U T U It r anked 'D' in 'EE= and '6' in 'E1E in the list of largest

    cities and urban areas in the world. T U he city co!ers an area of about 1 ' km' K== s% miL whilethe total area is 1D km' K = s% miL, third largest in $ttar (radesh after Ganpur and :ucknow . It

    has the 'nd largest army cantonment in the countr y.Tcitation needed U he city is one of the

    largest producers of sports goods, and the largest producer of musical instruments in India. It is

    also the largest producers of bic ycle rickshaw in world.T citation needed U he city is also an

    educati on hub in wester n $ttar (rades h.

    '6

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Shaheed_Smarak_Meerut-2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Shaheed_Smarak_Meerut-2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Shaheed_Smarak_Meerut-2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Shaheed_Smarak_Meerut-2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Shaheed_Smarak_Meerut-2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Shaheed_Smarak_Meerut-2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Shaheed_Smarak_Meerut-2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Shaheed_Smarak_Meerut-2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Shaheed_Smarak_Meerut-2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Shaheed_Smarak_Meerut-2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Shaheed_Smarak_Meerut-2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Shaheed_Smarak_Meerut-2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Shaheed_Smarak_Meerut-2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Shaheed_Smarak_Meerut-2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Shaheed_Smarak_Meerut-2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Shaheed_Smarak_Meerut-2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Shaheed_Smarak_Meerut-2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Shaheed_Smarak_Meerut-2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:India_Uttar_Pradesh_location_map.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:India_Uttar_Pradesh_location_map.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:India_Uttar_Pradesh_location_map.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:India_Uttar_Pradesh_location_map.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:India_Uttar_Pradesh_location_map.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:India_Uttar_Pradesh_location_map.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:India_Uttar_Pradesh_location_map.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:India_Uttar_Pradesh_location_map.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:India_Uttar_Pradesh_location_map.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:India_Uttar_Pradesh_location_map.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:India_Uttar_Pradesh_location_map.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:India_Uttar_Pradesh_location_map.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:India_Uttar_Pradesh_location_map.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:India_Uttar_Pradesh_location_map.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:India_Uttar_Pradesh_location_map.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:India_Uttar_Pradesh_location_map.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:India_Uttar_Pradesh_location_map.svghttp://toolserver.org/~geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Meerut&params=28.99_N_77.70_E_type:city(1309023)_region:IN-UPhttp://toolserver.org/~geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Meerut&params=28.99_N_77.70_E_type:city(1309023)_region:IN-UPhttp://toolserver.org/~geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Meerut&params=28.99_N_77.70_E_type:city(1309023)_region:IN-UPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_and_territories_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uttar_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:India_Uttar_Pradesh_location_map.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Shaheed_Smarak_Meerut-2.jpghttp://toolserver.org/~geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Meerut&params=28.99_N_77.70_E_type:city(1309023)_region:IN-UPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_systemhttp://toolserver.org/~geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Meerut&params=28.99_N_77.70_E_type:city(1309023)_region:IN-UPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_and_territories_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh

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    ;t ymolog y

    he city may ha!e deri!ed its name from /aya )ash tra, the capital of the kingdom of /ayasura ,

    /andodariJs father and )a!ana Js father-in-law. his name may ha!e mutated to /airashtra, /ai-

    dant-ka-khera, /airaath and e!entually /eerut. TDU T1EUAccording to another !ersion /aya, a distinguished architect, got from king 9udhisthira the land

    on which the city of /eerut now stands and he called this place /ayrashtra, a name which in

    course of time became shortened to /eerut. radition has it that the district formed part of the

    dominions of /ahi pal, 0ur"ar king of Indraprashta, and the word /eerut is associated with his

    name.Tcitation needed U

    TEU?istory

    Afte r the a rchaeological e&ca!ations at OVidura-ka-tila , a collection of se!eral mounds named

    after Vidura , in 1D@E5@', a site km K' milesL north-east of /eerut, it was concluded to be

    remains of the ancient c ity of ?astinapur , the capital of Gaura!as and (anda!as of Mahabharata ,

    which was w ashed away by 0 anges floo ds.T11U T1'U T1 U

    ragment of the =th Ashoka (illar in sandstone, with inscription or ;dicts of Ashoka , in Brahmi ,originall y from /eer ut, now in the Britis h /u seum

    /eerut also contained a ?arappan settlement known as Alamgirpur . It was a lso the easternmost

    settlement of the Indus !alley ci!ilisation . /eerut had been a centre of Buddhism in the period

    of /auryan ;mperor Ashoka Kr. ' B# to ' ' B#. L, and remai ns of Buddhist structures were

    found near the >ama /as"id in the pr esent day city. T16U he Ashoka (illar , at +elhi ridge , ne&t to

    the OBara ?indu )ao ?ospi tal , near +elhi $ni!ersity , was carried to +elhi from /eerut,

    by iru* Shah ughlu% Kr. 1 @151 L3T1'U T1@U T1=U it was later damaged in a 1 1 e&plosion,and restored in 1 = . T1 U

    In the ele!enth century A+, the south-west part of the district was ruled by ?ar +at , the Dor

    a!a of Bulandshahr who built a fort, which was long kno wn for its streng th and finds mention

    in "in-i-"kbari .T1 U ?e was later defeated by /ahmud 0ha*ni in 1E1 . A prominent local

    '@

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-Cities1Lakhandabove-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan_areahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-UA1Lakhandabove-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindi_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_zonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Standard_Timehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTC%2B5:30http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTC%2B5:30http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindi_languagehttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1c/Meerut-new.ogghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_helphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Meerut-new.ogghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus_Valley_civilizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus_Valley_civilizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus_Valley_civilizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucknowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-jn-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Capital_Region_(India)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut_districthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-Cities1Lakhandabove-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan_areahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-UA1Lakhandabove-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindi_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_zonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Standard_Timehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTC%2B5:30http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postal_Index_Numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle_registration_platehttp://meerut.nic.in/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindi_languagehttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1c/Meerut-new.ogghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_helphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Meerut-new.ogghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_and_territories_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uttar_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-ch3-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus_Valley_civilizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucknowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-jn-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Capital_Region_(India)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanpurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_armyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed

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    landmark, the >ama /as"id, dates from this period and is said to ha!e been built by /ahmudJs

    !i*ir. Shortly after its capture the city was regained by the local ?indu )a"a and part of his

    fortifications, built for the city s defence, sur!i!ed until recent times. he first big in!asion on

    the city came later in 11D' A+, from /o ham mad 0hori , when his general Futb-ud-din

    Aybak attacked the city, and a much worse fate lay ahead for the district, w hich came with the

    in!asion of imur in 1 D , during which the )a"puts offered a tough resistance at the fort

    of :oni , where he fought the Sultan of +elhi , /uhammad ughla% . But, e!entually they were all

    defeated and all the 1,E E,EEE prisoners his army had taken in since his in!asion of India were

    massac red, according to imur s own accounts in Tu#k-e-Tai$uri .T1DU hereafter he went on to

    attack +elhi, where he again massacred the local population, and returned to attack /eerut town,

    then ruled by an Afghan chief, Ilias , and took the city in two days, leading to widespread

    de!a station, before heading north once again. T1'U

    After that /eerut was rule d by >ats t hen / arath as f rom who me it was take n by the British.

    T%hen&U +uring the rule of /ughal ;mperor , Akbar the 0reat Kr. 1@@=51=E@L, there was a mint

    for copper coins here. T16U

    1 @ /utin eersJ /os %ue

    /eerut is famously as sociated with th e Indian )ebellion of 1 @ against t he Bri tish ;ast India

    #o mpany .T'EUhe famo us slogan M Dill i Ch alo M KM:etJs march to +elhiNML was first raised here.

    /eerut cantonment is the place where the rebellion started when ?indu and /uslim soldierswere gi!en rifle cartridges rumoured to ha!e a coating made of animal fat. he bullet wrapping

    was to be opened by mouth before use, which affected the religious sensibilitie s of both /uslims

    and ?i ndus as the fa t used was alleged to be deri!ed from lard and tallow3 cows are held sacred

    '=

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayasurahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ravanahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-Homepage-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-dg-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yudhisthirahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurjarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meerut&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vidurahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gangeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hastinapurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hastinapurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hastinapurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-off-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-off-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-imp-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-mdat-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-mdat-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kauravashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandavashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahabharatahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:6thPillarOfAshoka.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:6thPillarOfAshoka.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauryanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashokahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu_Raohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi_Universityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi_Universityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firuz_Shah_Tughluqhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firuz_Shah_Tughluqhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firuz_Shah_Tughluqhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firuz_Shah_Tughluqhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-imp-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Har_Dat&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulandshahrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:6thPillarOfAshoka.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:6thPillarOfAshoka.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayasurahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ravanahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-Homepage-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-dg-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yudhisthirahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurjarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meerut&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vidurahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hastinapurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kauravashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandavashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahabharatahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gangeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-off-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-imp-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-mdat-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pillars_of_Ashokahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edicts_of_Ashokahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmi_scripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Museumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alamgirpurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus_valley_civilisationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauryanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashokahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-brit-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pillars_of_Ashokahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi_ridgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu_Raohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi_Universityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firuz_Shah_Tughluqhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-imp-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Har_Dat&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulandshahrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ain-i-Akbarihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahmud_of_Ghazni

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    by ?indus and /uslims consider the pig unclean. /eerut soldiers set fire to the bungalows of the

    ;nglish.

    +uring this re!olt, /eerut leapt into intern ational prominence , when on '6 April 1 @ eighty-

    fi!e of the ninety troopers of the rd #a!alry refused to touch the cartridges and after court-martial wer e sente nced to ten years imprison ment. 7 n Sunday, 1E /ay 1 @ , Gotwal +han

    Singh 0 ur"ar opened the gate s of the prison. hese soldiers, along with other imprisoned soldiers

    escaped prison and declared themsel!es free, re!olted, attacked and killed se!eral of the British

    authorities to take the city in their control. his marked the beg innin g of a widespread re!olt

    across northern India as these soldiers marched towards +elhi. 1E /ay is still celebrated as a

    local holiday in / eerut. T'1U

    he $nited (ro!inces , in 1DE

    /eerut was also the !enue of the c ontro!ersial /eerut #onspiracy #ase in /arch 1D'D, in which

    se!eral trade unionists, including three ;nglishmen , were arrested for organising Indian-rail

    str ike. his immediately caught attention back in ;ngland, inspired the 1D ' play titled Meerut

    Prisoners , by /anchester street theatre group, the J)ed /egaphonesJ, highlighting the

    detrimental effects of colonisation and i ndustrialisation T''U In the 1D6Es, /ee rut cinemas had a

    M+onJt /o !eM policy during playing of the British national anthem

    he cit y and distric t also suffered from communal K ?indu -Sikh L riots in 1D 6 T' U and K?indu -/uslimL riots in 1D ' T'6U and in 1D , during which the ?ashimpura massacre took place, in

    /ay 1D , when personnel of the (ro!incial Armed #onstabulary K(A#L allegedly shot dead 6'

    /uslims, the trial of the case is still pending. T'@U T'=U In 'EE=, a fire at a consumer electronics

    MBrand IndiaM fair in Victoria (ark Stadium killed o!er 1EE people. But, according to some

    unofficial sources,T %ho&U the number of affected people is pegged at more than 'EE.

    '

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammad_Ghorihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qutb-ud-din_Aybakhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qutb-ud-din_Aybakhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajputhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loni,_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan_of_Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Tughlaqhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuzk-e-Taimurihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pashtun_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pashtun_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1857_mutineers_mosque_meerut2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1857_mutineers_mosque_meerut2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1857_mutineers_mosque_meerut2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1857_mutineers_mosque_meerut2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1857_mutineers_mosque_meerut2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1857_mutineers_mosque_meerut2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_East_India_Companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_East_India_Companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1857_mutineers_mosque_meerut2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1857_mutineers_mosque_meerut2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammad_Ghorihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qutb-ud-din_Aybakhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qutb-ud-din_Aybakhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajputhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loni,_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan_of_Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Tughlaqhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuzk-e-Taimurihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pashtun_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-imp-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jatshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marathashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_itemshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mughal_Emperorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akbar_the_Greathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-brit-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_East_India_Companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_East_India_Companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu

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    TEU/ythology

    /eerut was founded as /ayarashtra Klit. /ayaJs countryL by /aya , who was the father

    of /andodari , )a!ana Js wife in the )amayana .T' U /eerut was the capital of /aya.

    T' U hus the city is also known as J)a!an Gi SasuralJ literally meaning ) a!anaJs wifeJs

    home.

    In the )amayana, Shra!an Gumar carried his feeble parents on his shoulders to all the

    pilgrimage sites in India, but it is belie!ed that when he passed through /eerut, he put down

    his parents for a while to get rest and water. It was here that :ord )ama Js father,

    Ging +asharatha , misto ok Shra!an Gumar for a deer and shot him with an arrow by

    accident. Shra!an GumarJs parents declared that the kingJs own first son would abandon him

    when he needed him the most.

    TEU#limate

    Main article' Cli$ate o( )ttar Pra desh

    /eerut

    #limate chart K e&planationL

    > / A / > > A S 7 8 +

    'E

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    11

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    A!erage ma&. and min. temperatures in R#(recipitation totals in mmSource' *orld *eather Ser+ice

    Tshow UImperial con!ersion

    /eerut has a monsoon influenced humid subtropical climate characterised by !ery hot summers

    and cool winters. S umm ers last from early April to late >une during and are e&tremely hot, with

    '

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhan_Singh_Gurjarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhan_Singh_Gurjarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:United_Provinces_1903.gifhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:United_Provinces_1903.gifhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:United_Provinces_1903.gifhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:United_Provinces_1903.gifhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:United_Provinces_1903.gifhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:United_Provinces_1903.gifhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:United_Provinces_1903.gifhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manchesterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manchesterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manchesterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Street_theatrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Street_theatrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Street_theatrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Street_theatrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englishmenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_wordshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:United_Provinces_1903.gifhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:United_Provinces_1903.gifhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhan_Singh_Gurjarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhan_Singh_Gurjarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Provinces_of_British_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut_Conspiracy_Casehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englishmenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manchesterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Street_theatrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-23http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hashimpura_massacrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provincial_Armed_Constabularyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-26http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Meerut_firehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_words

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    temperatures reaching 6 R# K1ED R L. T U he monsoon arri!es in late >une and continues till the

    middle of September. emperatures drop slightly, with plenty of cloud co!er but with higher

    humid ity. emper atures ri se again in 7cto ber and th e cit y then has a mild, dry winter season

    from lat e 7ctober to the middle of /arch T U :owest temperature recorded is E.@ R# K '.D R L.

    Tcit ation needed U )ainfall is about E cm to 1EE cm per annum, which is suitable for growing

    crops. /ost of the rainfall is recei!ed during the monsoon . ?umidity !aries from E to 1EE .

    T U he city recei!es no sn ow.

    Thide U#limate data for /eerut

    /onth >an eb /ar Apr /ay >un >ul Aug Sep

    )ecord high R# KR L'D

    K 6L

    '

    KDEL

    D

    K1E'L

    6

    K1EDL

    6@

    K11 L

    6=

    K11@L

    66

    K111L

    6E

    K1E6L

    A!erage high R# KR L'@

    K L

    'D

    K 6L

    @

    KD@L

    6E

    K1E6L

    6

    K1EDL

    6

    K1EDL

    D

    K1E'L

    =

    KD L

    A!erage low R # KR L@

    K61L

    6

    K DL

    D

    K6 L

    16

    K@ L

    1D

    K==L

    ''

    K 'L

    '@

    K L

    ''

    K 'L

    )ecord low R# KR LE

    K 'L

    E

    K 'L

    @

    K61L K6=L

    1@

    K@DL

    1

    K= L

    1=

    K=1L

    1D

    K==L

    )ainfall mm KinchesL'6

    KE.D6L

    1

    KE. 1L

    1E

    KE. DL

    @

    KE.'L

    1@

    KE.@DL

    @6

    K'.1 L

    '6

    KD. =L

    '

    K1 .E Lhumidity D E @D 6' 61 @ E 6

    A!g. rainy days ' 1 1 E 1 D 11

    Source' Depart$ent o( Meteorology, Ministry o( arth Sciences, .o+ern$ent o( India T'DUTEU0eography

    /eerut lies between ' R@ to 'DRE' 8 latitude and R6E to R6@ ; longitude in the Indo-

    0angetic plains of India. T U It is bound on the north by /u*affarnagar , in the south

    by Bulandshahr while 0ha*iabad and Baghpat districts form the southern and western limits.

    T6U he ri!er 0anga forms the eastern boundary and separates the district

    from /oradabad and Bi"nor .T6U he ?indon forms the western boundary and separates the

    district from Baghpat .T6U he ground is not rocky and there are no mountains. he soil is

    composed of pleistoce ne and sub -recent allu!ial se diments transported and deposited by ri!er

    action from the ?imalayan region. T U hese allu!ial deposits are unconsolidated.

    'D

    http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meerut&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandodarihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ravanahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayanahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shravan#In_Hindu_epicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_of_Uttar_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_of_Uttar_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meeruthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monsoonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humid_subtropicalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meerut&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayasurahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandodarihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ravanahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayanahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shravan#In_Hindu_epicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dasharathahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meerut&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_of_Uttar_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Climate_chart/How_to_read_a_climate_charthttp://www.worldweatheronline.com/weather-averages/India/1017584/Meerut-City/1037309/info.aspxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meeruthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monsoonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humid_subtropical

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    T U :ithologically, sediments consist of c lay, silt and fine to coarse sand. T U :and is !ery fertile

    for growing crops, especially wheat, sugarcane and !egetables. T U he city lies between the

    plains of the 0anges and 9amuna.

    TEU/eerut #anto nment

    /all )oad in /eerut #antonment

    /eerut #antonment was established by the British ;ast India #ompany in 1 E after the Battle

    of :aswari . It is the second largest cantonment of India both in land area K @= .E= hectaresL and

    population KDE@'1 people as per 'EE1 censusL. he )e!olt of 1 @ started from 2Gali (altanM in

    /eerut #antonment and Indian soldiers stationed here acti!ely participated in the rebellian. T6U

    T EU he cantonment surrounds the city from sides - from (alla!puram to Sainik Vihar to

    0anga 8agar. T6U It is well connected with the rest of country by roads as well as by rail. he+elhi 8iti (aas )oad KState ?ighway 8o. 6@L passes through /eerut #antonment. T EU

    Soldiers from the cantonment ha!e acti!ely participated in the Battle of 9pres , both

    the 1st and 'nd Battles of ;l Alamein, rance , Burma #ampaign , the Indo-(ak Cars , Bangladesh

    :iberation Car and Gargil Car . Its battalions and officers ha!e shown great courage and ha!e

    got many honours.T citation needed U

    It has been the regimental centre of (un"ab )egiment #orps of Signals , >at )egiment , Sikh

    )e giment , +ogr a )egi ment in the past.

    TEU+e!elopment

    E

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-ch3-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-mausam-29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meerut&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-ch3-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulandshahar_districthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-jn-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gangeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moradabad_districthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-ch3-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-ch3-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monsoonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-ch3-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meeruthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humidityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-mausam-29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meerut&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-ch3-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzaffarnagar_districthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulandshahar_districthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-jn-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gangeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moradabad_districthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bijnor_districthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-jn-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindon_Riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghpat_districthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-jn-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-ch3-3

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    Atop an under-construction o!erpa ss

    /eerut is the = rd-fastest-growin g urban area in the world. T 1U It is the 16th fastest de!eloping

    city in India. A new report by $ .S. financial ser!ices firm /organ Stanley, MAlphaCise #ity

    Vi brancy Inde&P A 0uide to India s $rbani*ationM ga!e /eerut the @th spot on the M!ibrancyM

    inde&, ahead of +elhi and /umbai. T 'U /eerut ranked second on both the financial penetration

    inde&, which measures things like the presence of A /s and bank branches, and on the

    consumptio n inde&, indicating the city s transformation into an urban town. Chile the city

    ranked in the bottom 1E in "ob creations, the report suggests that o! erall there are plenty of signs

    of Mpotential for urbanisation,M including future employment opportunities. T U he

    infra structure segment of /eerut is currently going through a boom phase with many new

    pro"ects comi ng up in and around the city. T 6U T @U here are many new buildings, shopping

    comple&es, malls, roads, flyo!ers and apartments coming up.

    +elhi-/eerut e&pressway is e&pected to be completed by 'E1 , although there ha!e been se!eral

    delays to t his plan o!er the past dec ade. he $pper 0anga # anal ;&pressway i s also under

    de!elopment. 0 AI: is also est ablishing its plant in /eerut and /uradnagar to supply cooking

    gas within the city. A fi!e star hote l, in 0reenwood #ity, at Baghpat road bypass crossing and a

    three star hotel at +elhi road near )ithani are under construction

    Industry

    / eerut is one of the important industrial towns of western $ttar (radesh. T U It is a rich

    agricultural area with such pockets of land that do not fit in for crop purpose. Being in the

    pro&imity of +elhi, it is ideal for industry. It is famous for handloom works and scissors industry

    from olden age. T6U /eerut is home to @'E micro, small and medium scale industries. T U As of

    1

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mall_Road_Meerut_Cantt.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mall_Road_Meerut_Cantt.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mall_Road_Meerut_Cantt.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mall_Road_Meerut_Cantt.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Laswarihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857#Meeruthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-jn-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-cbh-30http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-jn-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Battle_of_El_Alameinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Battle_of_El_Alameinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burma_Campaignhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_wars_and_conflictshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kargil_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_Regimenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meerut&action=edit&section=7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mall_Road_Meerut_Cantt.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mall_Road_Meerut_Cantt.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-ch3-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-ch3-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-ch3-3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meerut&action=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_India_Companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Laswarihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Laswarihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857#Meeruthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-jn-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-cbh-30http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-jn-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-cbh-30http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Ypres_(disambiguation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Battle_of_El_Alameinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Battle_of_El_Alameinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burma_Campaignhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_wars_and_conflictshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kargil_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjab_Regiment_(India)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corps_of_Signalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jat_Regimenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_Regimenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_Regimenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogra_Regimenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meerut&action=edit&section=7

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    August 'EE=, /eerut has about ' ,6 1 industrial units, including 1@,@1E small-scale units and

    ,D'' cottage industries. T6U

    ;&isting industries in the city in clude tyres, te&tile, transformer, sugar, distillery, chemical,

    engineering, paper, publishing, a nd sports goods manufacture. T6U T U (rospecti!e industriesinclude I and I ;S. T6U /eerut is home to some prominent regional pharmaceuticals companies

    like (erk (harmaceuticals :imite d, /ankind (harma Bestochem. T U /eerut is one of the

    ma"or manufacturing regions for sports goods in India. T6U T U T DU he city is especially famous

    for the manufacture of cricket goods with S0 being the largest Indian cricket goods manufacturer

    and e&porter operating in /eerut. T6EU /eerut is also t he l argest manufacturer of musical

    instruments in India. T6U T U /eerut was one of the first cities in northern India where publishing

    was set up during the 1Dth century. It was a ma"or center of commercial publishing during 1 =Es

    and 1 Es. T61U

    $ttar (radesh State Industrial +e!elopment #orporation K$(SI+#L has two industrial estates in

    the city, namely (artapur and $dyog (uram. T6'U T6 U /ohkampur industrial area is a pri!ate

    initiati!e. (aschimanchal Vidyut Vitran 8igam :td has unrestricted power at (artapur,

    $dyogpuram and /ohkampur industrial areas. Bhur Baral industrial area is under de!e lopm ent.

    1'EE hectares of land is a!ailable for industrial de!elopment. Identified industrial areas are at

    Shatabdi nagar, +elhi road, Baghpat road, )oo rkee road, /awana road, (arikshitgarh KGilaL

    road, 0arh road, 0agol road Kidentified by $(SI+#L and ?apur road. 'EEE hectares of land is

    being proposed for industrial de!elopment near +elhi5/eerut e&pressway. 8ipro 0lass from

    >apan has set up a large glass plant for medical use. In!estment from outside /eerut has started

    pouring in as +elhi5/umbai freight corridor and east freight corridor will be intersecting !ery

    near to /eerut, making it a cost effecti!e destination for setting up industries. 0AI: 0as :td is

    laying infrastructure for piped #80 throughout the city for industrial, domestic and transport

    use.Tcitation needed U

    TEU)etail

    '

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Under-Construction_Flyover_on_NH-58_Sardhana_Road_Crossing_in_Meerut.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Under-Construction_Flyover_on_NH-58_Sardhana_Road_Crossing_in_Meerut.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Under-Construction_Flyover_on_NH-58_Sardhana_Road_Crossing_in_Meerut.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Under-Construction_Flyover_on_NH-58_Sardhana_Road_Crossing_in_Meerut.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Under-Construction_Flyover_on_NH-58_Sardhana_Road_Crossing_in_Meerut.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Under-Construction_Flyover_on_NH-58_Sardhana_Road_Crossing_in_Meerut.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Under-Construction_Flyover_on_NH-58_Sardhana_Road_Crossing_in_Meerut.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Under-Construction_Flyover_on_NH-58_Sardhana_Road_Crossing_in_Meerut.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Under-Construction_Flyover_on_NH-58_Sardhana_Road_Crossing_in_Meerut.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-31http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-33http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-credai-34http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-toi2-35http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Under-Construction_Flyover_on_NH-58_Sardhana_Road_Crossing_in_Meerut.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Under-Construction_Flyover_on_NH-58_Sardhana_Road_Crossing_in_Meerut.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-31http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-mss-32http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-33http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-credai-34http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-toi2-35http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-ch3-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-jn-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-did-37

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    /elange /all and multiple& at (alla!pura m

    Aside shops represe nting a range of well-known brands, car showrooms, hotels, bars and clubs,

    the cityJs gold market is one of Asia s largest, employing o!er '@,EEE skilled craftsmen and

    processing aro und =E kilograms of the precious metal per day. T66U he city has o!er 6E BIS

    ?allmark showrooms.T clari(ication needed U

    he city has a number of shopping malls, inclu ding (V S /all in Shastri-8agar, /elange /all in

    (alla!puram and ;ra /all on +elhi )oad. A number of other malls are e&pected to open soon.

    TEU)e!enue generation

    /eerut has shown healthy numbers in terms of re!enue generation. In 'EE@-E=, /eerut occupied

    the fifth slot and contributed )s 1E, E= crore to the direct ta& collection. It slipped to number si&

    in 'EE=-E when the re!enue collection at )s 11,'E crore was 1 lower than the target of )s1 ,=' crore. According to statistics compiled by the Income a& department, /eerut

    contributed a )s.1E,E D crore to the national treasury in 'EE HE , o!erall it was ranked Dth

    outperforming :ucknow, >aipur, Bhopal, Gochi and Bhubaneshwar. T6@U

    TEU#i!ic administration

    /ee rut district is di! ided into three tehsils , namely /eerut, /awana and Sardhana. hese tehsils

    are further di!ided into 1' blocks. T6=U

    he city is administered by /eerut /unicipal #orporation, which is responsible for performing

    ci!ic administrati!e functions. Infrastructure de!elopment of the city is looked after by the

    /eerut +e!elopment Authority K/+AL.

    http://www.sgcricket.com/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-jn-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-nmcc-38http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-41http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-upsidc1-42http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-upsidc2-43http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-jn-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-jn-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-did-37http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-jn-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-nmcc-38http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_goodshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-jn-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-nmcc-38http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-sgi-39http://www.sgcricket.com/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-ent-40http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-jn-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-nmcc-38http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-41http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-upsidc1-42http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-upsidc2-43http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meerut&action=edit&section=10

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    /eerut it is the head%uarter of 8# ) Yone and upwest *one A of (olice. An A+0 and a secretary

    le!el IAS officer co!er west $.(.* one. Both the officers look after the legal and de!elopmental

    condition and system of Cestern $ttar (radesh from /eerut for = +i!ision of western $ttar

    (radesh, namely /eerut, Agra, B areily /oradabad, Saharanpur and Aligarh under Cest Yone,

    and /eerut +i!ision with Sahar anpur is in 8#) Yone. A +I0 looks after /eerut for legal

    condition and law, #ommissioner also looks for = district of /eerut +i!ision.T citation needed U

    he office of the #hief #ommissioner, #ustoms #entral ;&cise, /eerut Yone, has "urisdiction

    o!er 1 districts of $ttrakhand and 16 districts of $ttar (radesh. his "urisdiction was car!ed out

    of the :ucknow Yone. It comprises the erstwhile #ustoms #entral ;&cise #ommissionerates

    of /eerut 8oida. he /eerut #ommissionerate was bifurcated into two #ommissionerates,

    namely, O/eerut-I and 0ha*iabad and the 8oida #ommissione rate was bifurcated into O8oida

    and /eerut-II . In add ition, "urisdiction of #entral ;&cise +i!ision Bareilly was included in the

    "urisdiction of /eerut-II #ommissionerate. T6 U

    TEU ransport

    TEUAir

    he nearest airport is the Indira 0andhi International Airport which is about E km away.

    he +r. Bhim )ao Ambedkar airstrip is located at (artapur . It was proposed by the state

    go!ernment that the airstrip be con!erted to an international airport to reduce pressure on +elhi

    airport. T6 U?owe!er, (lans to e&pand the airstrip were called off after protests against land

    ac%uisition started in other parts of the state. T6DU ollowing an ac ciden t in /ay 'E1', the city

    administration barred pri!ate flights from using the airstrip. T@EU

    TEU)oad

    By road /eerut is well-connected to ma"or cities

    like +elhi , 8oida , aridabad , 0ha *iabad, ?aridwar , etc. A large number of people commute to

    +elhi, 8oida, 0reater 8oida, 0ha*iabad and 0urgaon e!ery day for work. hree national

    highways K 8?-@ , 8?-11D 8?-' @ L pass through /eerut. $pper 0anga #anal

    ;&pressway which passes through outskirts of the city is under de!elopment.

    6

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Melange_Mall_Meerut.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Melange_Mall_Meerut.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Melange_Mall_Meerut.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Melange_Mall_Meerut.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Melange_Mall_Meerut.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Melange_Mall_Meerut.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-gold-44http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarifyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meerut&action=edit&section=11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-toi-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tehsilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-msme-46http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Melange_Mall_Meerut.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Melange_Mall_Meerut.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-gold-44http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarifyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meerut&action=edit&section=11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-toi-45http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meerut&action=edit&section=12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tehsilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-msme-46

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    here are ' main bus terminals, namely Bhainsali bus terminal and Sohrab 0ate bus terminal

    from where $ttar (radesh State )oad ransport #orporation K$(S) #L buses ply to cities all

    o!er the state and all nearby cities.

    As /eerut has been declared a metropolitan city in 'EE , >88$)/ scheme has been put in place and many low floor city buses now run on the city roads. T6U :ow loor #ity Buses, 8or mal

    #ity Buses, auto rickshaws and rickshaws are con!enient public transport options to commute

    within the city. /any new transport infrastructure pro"ects like inner ring road, outer ring road

    and construction of new flyo!ers are proposed.

    An lane e&pressway from 0ha*iabad to /eerut is proposed under the 8#) ransport (lan

    'E'1 which will decrease tra!el time to +elhi by =E minutes. T@1U

    TEU)ailways

    /eerut has se!en railway stationsP / eerut #ity, /eerut #antt, (artapur, Sakoti anda,

    + aurala, /ohiuddinnpur and (abli Ghas. /eerut #ity station is the busiest in the city. /eerut

    #antt was founded in 1 =@ and ser!es as a secondary railway station. /eerut lies on the +elhi5

    Saharanpur railway line. he electrification of the line from /eerut to 0ha*iabad has been

    started.

    Abo ut 'E,EEE passengers tra!el daily to +elhi and ba ck. Arou nd ' pairs of trains run between

    /eerut and +elhi, and four between /eerut and Ghur"a. wo trains are a!ailable for :ucknow

    daily, n ame ly 8auchandi ;&press and )a"ya )ani ;&press . A weekly train goes to #hennai and

    Guchu!elli. Ahemdabad /ail connects the cit y to 0u"rat, and #hattisgarh ;&press to #hattisgarh

    state.

    A )egional )apid ransit System K)) SL has been proposed for operation between /eerut

    and Anand Vihar .T@'U T@ U he )) S is a rail-based mass transit system that would connect

    distant are as of 8 ational #a pital )egion K8#)L to the #apital. T@6U 7nce completed it will take

    only 6@ minutes to commute between the two places with the train ha!ing a peak speed of 1@E km per hour. he propos ed system is to ha!e dedicated trains be tween Anand Vihar and

    /eerut, whi ch stop nowhere in between, and trains which stop at stations to be constructed after

    a gap of 65@ km. T@'UAnand Vihar, Sahibabad, /ohan 8agar, 0ha*iabad, 0uldhar, +uhai,

    /oradnagar, /odi 8agar, /eerut South, Shatabdi 8agar, /eerut #entre, Begum Bridge, /eerut

    @

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-47http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meerut&action=edit&section=13http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meerut&action=edit&section=14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partapur,_Uttar_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-air-48http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-49http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meerut&action=edit&section=15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noidahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noidahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faridabadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghaziabad,_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haridwarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haridwarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Highway_58_(India)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Highway_119_(India)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Highway_235_(India)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_Ganga_Canal_Expresswayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_Ganga_Canal_Expresswayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-47http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meerut&action=edit&section=13http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meerut&action=edit&section=14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indira_Gandhi_International_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partapur,_Uttar_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-air-48http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-49http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-50http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meerut&action=edit&section=15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noidahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faridabadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghaziabad,_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haridwarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Highway_58_(India)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Highway_119_(India)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Highway_235_(India)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_Ganga_Canal_Expresswayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_Ganga_Canal_Expressway

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    8orth and (alla!puram are the proposed halts. T@@U he high-speed rail pro"ect under rapid rail

    transit system in +elhi K 8#) L will start with the +elhi-/eerut line. 7n 16 +ecember 'E1E the

    8#) (lanning Board, /eerut +e!elopment Authority K/+AL and 8agar 8igam /eerut

    appro!ed this system. T@=U

    TEU+emographics

    #hange in the population of /eerut, 'EE1-'E11

    (roportion of /eerut in the population of $ttar (radesh

    /eerut #ity is the head%uarters of /eerut district which, according to the 'E11 census, has a

    population of around .6 million. /ales constitute @ .E= of the population and females

    6=.D6 . he percentage decadal growth in 'EE1-'E11 stands at [email protected]' . he se& ratio in /eerut

    is @, lower than the state a!erage of DE 3 while the child se& ratio is @E, lower than the state

    a!er age of DD. 1 6.1= o f the population is under = years of age. he district has a density of

    1 6 personsHk m '. he o!erall literacy rate is 6. E , higher than the state a!erage of =D. ' .

    T@ U

    As of 'EED, /eerut has a crime rate of 'E .=, higher than the state a!erage of .6 and the

    national a!erage of 1 1 .6.T@ U

    +istrict Information K'E11 censusL T@DU T=EU

    =

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajya_Rani_Expresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anand_Viharhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-min-52http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-53http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Capital_Region_(India)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-ncr22-54http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-min-52http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JNNURMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-jn-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-ncr21-51http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meerut&action=edit&section=16http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mohiuddinnpur&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajya_Rani_Expresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anand_Viharhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-min-52http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-53http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Capital_Region_(India)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-ncr22-54http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-min-52

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    +istrict /ale e male otal

    (opulation 1 ,'D,1D' 1=,1 ,'1 6,6 ,6E@

    :iteracy '.D1 =@.=D 6. E

    According to the 'EE1 census, th e city ranked =th in terms of population density T=1U in $ttar

    (radesh. he city also ranked 'nd in terms of population in 8#). T='U /ales constituted @ .6

    of the population and females 6= .@= . T= U he city had an a!erage literacy rate of [email protected]= ,

    higher than the national a!erage of =6. and the state a!erage of @ . = . T=6U T=@U T==U /ale

    literacy was =. 1 , and female literacy was @6.1' . T= U 1=.== of the population was under =

    years of age. T= U /eerut has one of the largest /uslim populations among the cities of India

    Kclose to '.@ L. T= U It is the largest /uslim city in $ttar (radesh. he city had a se& ratio of

    1, lower than the state a!erage o f D and the national a!erage of D . T= U T=DU

    +istrict (opulation K'EE1 censusL T= U T=6U T= U T EU

    +istrict /ale emale otal

    $rban 6,= E = , 1 1,6@1,D

    )ural '=,DE 1 ,6 E 1,@6@,

    otal 1,=E1,@ 1, D@, ',DD , =1

    :iteracy =. 1 @6.1' [email protected]=

    According to the 1DD1 ce nsus, /eerut district consisted of 1,E'@ !illagesT citation needed U with a

    population of around '.6 million. T 1U his does not include the population of Baghpat district

    which was formed in 1DD . T 1U

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    +istrict population K1DD1 censusL T=6U T 1U T 'UTcitation needed U

    +istrict /ale emale otal

    $rban 8A 8A 6D, DD

    )ural 8A 8A 1,@= , 16

    otal 1, E1,1 1,11=, = ',61 ,@1

    :iteracy =6. .= @'.61

    TEU#ulture

    /ost traditional Indi an festi!als , including ?oli , +ussehra , +iwali , ;id among others are

    celebrated with fer!or in the city. 8otably, a fair by the name of Nau cha ndi /air is held two

    weeks after ?oli e!ery year. T U he fair, which started in 1= ', T 6U continues for about 1@ days

    and is attended by lakhs of peop le. It incl udes e! ents such as poetry recitations in ?indi, $rdu,

    (un"abi etc. T @U/eerut is the head%uarters of the )oman #atholic /eerut +iocese, which co!ers the districts of

    /eerut, /u*affarnagar, Saharanpur, +ehradun, ?aridwar, /oradabad, )ampur, >yotiba (hule

    8agar, 0ha*iabad, Baghpat and +hampur ehsil of Bi"nor district. T =U

    TEU ilm and tele!ision

    /eerut is home to a booming local film industry, which has a large following in Cestern $ttar

    (radesh and ?aryana. he films are usually folklore stories or comedies or localised !ersions of

    Bollywood hits. T U

    8otable people from /eerut in the film and tele!ision industry include Bharat Bhushan ,Tcitation

    needed U/andakini ,T U Achint Gaur ,T DU Arun 0o!il ,Tcitation needed UGailash Gher ,

    T EU #hitrangada Singh ,T 1U Vishal Bhardwa" Tcitation needed U and +eepti Bhatnagar. T 1U

    T 'U here is also a training college for film and tele!ision located in the city.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-CI-63http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-censr-68http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-cen9-69http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-CI-63http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-CUP2-64http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-CUP-67http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-censusofindia-70http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-60http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-61http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-62http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-CI-63http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-CUP2-64http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-cen4-65http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-66http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-CUP-67http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-CUP-67http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-CI-63http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-censr-68http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-cen9-69http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-CI-63http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-CUP2-64http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-CUP-67http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut#cite_note-censusofindia-70

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    TEU;ducation

    Main article' 0ist o( educa tiona l institutions in Meerut

    /eerut is an education hub of Cestern $ttar (radesh with four uni!ersities, appro&. @E

    engineering colleges, ' manage men t col lege s, se!en pharma cy colleges, four colleges offering

    hotel management, one college offering fashion design, o!er 1@E academic colleges and o!er @E

    schools. he city is home to #haudhary #haran Singh $ni!ersity Kformerly /eerut

    $ni!ersityL, Sardar Vallabhbhai (atel $ni!ersity of Agriculture and echnology , Swami

    Vi!ekanand Subharti $ni!ersity and Shobhit $ni!ersity . he city has one go!ernment-run

    engineering college, Sir #hhotu )am Institute of ;ngineering and echnology , which is a

    constituent college of #haudhary #haran Singh $ni!ersity. he Indian ilm and ele!ision

    Institute is located at the western bypass of the city. he city has two medical collegesP Subharti/edical #ollege and :ala :a"pat )ai /emorial /edical #ollege . he city has

    many madrasahs which pro!ide religious education as well as modern education with computer

    learning. he city also has coaching institutions for preparing students for entrance e&ams of

    engineering and medical fields. By the