construction defects in concrete

Construction Defects and Inspection

P.K. Mehta and P.J.M. Monteiro, Concrete: Microstructure, Properties, and Materials

Poor vibration

Courtesy from Paulo Barbosa


P.K. Mehta and P.J.M. Monteiro, Concrete: Microstructure, Properties, and MaterialsCarlos Videla C.

Plastic Shrinkage

Courtesy from Carlos Videla



Plastic Shrinkage

Courtesy from Rubens Bittencourt



Plastic Settlement




Plastic Settlement

Carlos Videla C.




Movement of the Formwork




1.5 Patologías Constr. Hormigón Causas de PatologíasSegregation




Crazing

Carlos Videla C.




Poor construction joint

Carlos Videla C.




Inadequate construction joint

Carlos Videla C.




Good construction joint

Carlos Videla C.




Insuficient cover

Carlos Videla C.

1.5 Patologías Constr. Hormigón Causas de Patologías





Desplazamiento




Shrinkage

Carlos Videla C.





Corrosion

Carlos Videla C.Courtesy from Paulo Barbosa



Corrosion



Freezing of concrete

Carlos Videla C.




Efflorescence

Courtesy from Paulo Barbosa



Poor joints



Fire Damage

Carlos Videla C.




Fire in tunnels



Fire damage

Fire in theChunnel



ASR damage

Furnas Dam



ASR damage

Built in 1965, this deteriorated bridge is located 9.7 miles west of Lee Vining at 9400 feet elevation on the eastern slope of the

Sierra Nevada.



ASR damage

Airfield parking apron at Naval Air Station Point Mugu, California .courtesy of U.S. Navy, NFESC



Problems in Waterfront Facilities

Courtesy from Douglas Burke



General Cracks




Poor Drainage




Top Deck Delamination SurveyTop Deck Delamination Survey

Chain Drag

Sounding with a Hammer

“Delam 2000”Courtesy from Douglas Burke



Closed Corrosion Closed Corrosion SpallsSpalls




Top Deck: Open Corrosion Top Deck: Open Corrosion SpallsSpalls




Mechanical Damage




Under Deck Inspections




Open Corrosion Spalls




Closed Corrosion Spalls




Corrosion Cracks




A “swim by” inspection of 100% of the concrete

piles, from the splash zone to the mud line.

Visual Inspection of Piles: Level I




A 12” wide band is cleaned to expose the pile surface for inspection at three elevations: Mud line; Mean Low Water; Mid-depth

Visual Inspection of Piles: Level II(10% of piles)




Visual Inspection of PilesLevel II

(10% of piles)

• Visual inspection

• 5 strikes: geology pick

• Photograph

• Measure defects




VISUAL DETERIORATION CLASSIFICATIONS

I - SOFTNESS, EROSION AND SLIGHT CRACKING





II - CRACKING, SOFTNESS, EROSION AND SOME DELAMINATION





III - DELAMINATION TO EXPOSE REINFORCING





IV - COMPLETE LOSS OF CONCRETE




ASTM C 42-99 “Standard Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete”

ASTM C 823-00 “Standard Practice for Examination and Sampling of Hardened Concrete in Constructions”

Concrete Sampling




Above water Concrete Core Sampling




Core

Drilling

Grab Samples

Intertidal Zone Concrete Core Sampling




Underwater Concrete Core Sampling



P.K. Mehta and P.J.M. Monteiro, Concrete: Microstructure, Properties, and MaterialsCourtesy from Douglas Burke

construction defects in concrete

Documents

materials construction

concrete courtesy

courtesy of

chunnel construction

inspection crazing courtesy

patologas courtesy

damage courtesy

carlos videlacarlos