Constitutional Monarchy Prevails in England

I. Jim, Chuck, Chuck, Jim

1. Eliz dies in 1603 – no children

2. James I of Scotland (Eliz’s cousin) becomes King of England

a) son of _____________

b) religion?

c) Thirty Years’ War begins during his

reign

DQ #1: For what reasons did James I become unpopular with Parliament &

English people?

1. He was seen as an _____________

2. Spoke with a _____________accent.

3. Inherited ________royal debt and a fiercely divided ____________.

4. Wrote A Trew Law of Free Monarchs

a) believed in Divine _______________

b) such power is ____________

c) this angered especially?_____________

5. Raised money w/o going thru Parliament.

a) impositions =

6. Court scandals & corruption. Like?

7. Parliament only met when he summoned it, which he rarely did.

II. Religious Tensions under James I

He Offends Puritans• Declared he wanted to maintain & enhance

the Anglican episcopacy. Meaning?

a) Presby vs. episcopal

b) Rejected Puritans _____________which

wanted to:

i. purify or “rid” church of

ii. wanted to replace

2. Reasons for rejecting Millenary Petition:a) He opposed Puritans narrow view of

_____.b) believed recreation and sports were

c) believed it discouraged

3. Issued the Book of Sports whicha) permittedb) clergy refused toc) Puritans offended because

4. It is under James I that religious dissenters begin to leave England

a) Had warned them:

b. In 1620, Puritans founded __________ and later ___________________.

(Keep in mind, there were Puritans who were members of Parliament)

5. Commissioned the King James Bible. Why?

He offends Anglicans too!! Why?1. Critical of his pro-Spanish policy. Why?

a)

b)

c)

d) (Still, shortly before his death, England

enters into a war with Spain)

III. Charles I (1625-1649)

1. Parliament favored war with ________, but members distrusted _____________, so would note adequately fund it so…

a) Charles raised money w/o going thru

Parliament

b) He quartered troops…meaning?

c) “forced loan”

Why did all of this anger nobles?

2. How did Parliament respond?a. Petition of Rights

b. Charles agrees but…

c. Parliament REAL concerned b/ci. Popery

ii. iii. iv.

3. Thomas Wentworth & thorough

a) Chief Minister instituted this policy

b) allowed Charles to rule

c) major goal?

Keep in Mind: success of this policy depended on Charles’ ability to operate

independently of Parliament. AND…

there was NO LAW that required him to summon Parliament.

4. Further threatened Nobility by

a) Keeping an ___________________

b) Patronizing

c) Selling

Note: Charles would have likely ruled indefinitely had his religious policies not

provoked war with Scotland.

5. War with Scotland(Keep in mind: James I had allowed a variety of

religious observances in England, Scotland and Ireland. But Charles hoped to impose

religious conformity on England and Scotland.)

a) William Laud (who is he?)

i. Further radicalized Puritans by

ii. He and Chuck tried to impose on Scotland the__________________ & a book similar to ___________________.

6. Scotland rebels & Chuck Needs Money!

a) Chuck calls Parliament

b) Nobles want NO _________and NONE of Charles’ policies

c) Refuse to consider funding war unless

d) Charles refuses

e) THIS is “The Short Parliament”

f) Scots invade, win a battle victory, and Charles is forced to convene Parliament …on its terms.

7. The Long Parliament (1640-1660)a) landowners/merchants angry b/c

b) Puritans in Parliament angry b/c

c) Puritans DEEPLY distrust influence of Charles’ wife…

d) Parliament convenes & House of Commons impeach then execute Wentworth and Archbishop Laud on grounds of treason

8. Results of Long Parliament

a) Abolished the Court of Star Chamber.

b) Made levying of taxes w/o consent of Parliament ____________

c) Parliament

i.

ii.

9. Parliament divided over Religiona) Moderate Puritans (Presbyterians)

b) Extreme Puritans (Independents)

c) Anglicans (conservatives)

10. Civil War (1642-1646)a) Rebellion in Irelandb) John Pym argued

c) Grand Remonstrance (Dec 1941)

d) Charles invades Parliament (Jan 1941)

e) 4 years of Civil Wari. Cavaliers vs

ii. Roundheads

11. War fought over 2 issuesa) Absolute monarchy v. parliamentary

monarchy

b) Episcopal v. Presbyterian Church

(aka, centralized or decentralized system of church governance…aka, kings bishops vs. elected elders)

IV. Oliver Cromwell

1. He and his roundheads win the war.

2. Civil War had become a “revolution”

3. King Charles I Executed (59 signed his death warrant…woe to them down the road)

(Note: A “king” had NEVER been executed, only deposed. Charles was beheaded in Jan 1649…

died regally )

V. Puritan Republic1. Cromwell = Lord Protector (was an “independent” =

favored neither the episcopal system of king nor pure Presbyterian system)

2. Created a _________ __________

3. Enforced Puritan rules, such as

4. Cromwell conquered Ireland & Scotland, creteing the political entity “Great Britain”

5. Offered the “crown” but

6. Died and then was “killed”

VI. Charles II = “Merry Monarch” 1. The “Restoration” meaning?

2. Took revenge on

3. Return to “status quo” of 1642

a) hereditary monarch

b) no legal requirement to summon Par.

c) official religion?

4. Clarendon Code (1661-1665)a) Parliament excluded Roman Cath, Presbyterians & Independents from ________&_______ life of nation.b) Laws included:

5) Why did Parliament do this?

6) Charles’ feelings?

7. Navigation Actsa) goal

8. War w/ Dutch

9. Test Act = required all officials to

10.Whigs vs. Tories

11.Chuck II ruled for 4 yrs without calling Parliament. How?

VII. James II

(Bro of Chuck I, he inherited a Parliament filled w/ royal friends)

• Insisted parliament repeal ___________a) Why?

2. Dissolves __________________3. Appoints __________to ______&______4. Issues Dec. of Indulgence.5. Opposed for his policies, but it is when his

2nd wife has a son that this LAST Catholic King of England is done for.

VIII. Glorious Revolution

1. Whigs & Tories form coalition and invited

________________to invade England.

2. England now officially a parliamentary monarchy.

a) Bill of Rights

b) Toleration Act (1689)

3. Act of Settlement (1701)