considerations and trends in transition to fttx networks to fttx - ccta july 2014.pdf ·...
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
Tom Anderson • Director of Product Mgmt, Advanced Broadband Solutions
Considerations and Trends in Transition to FTTx Networks
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
The Critical Challenge
In near and long-terms, the current approach
is unsustainable
• Surging demand fueled by OTT services like
YouTube, Hulu and Netflix
• Popularity of mobile devices accessing the
networks for content further exacerbates this
demand
The modern broadband network must adapt
and evolve
• Objectives: remain competitive and support
future bandwidth growth
• Near term, Coaxial infrastructure can grow in
capacity alongside customer demand
• Must evolve from an HFC platform to an all
optical network supporting IP based services
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
Sustaining The Networks
Four Changes will extend the life of the current network
Fiber must migrate
deeper into the network
Headends must
converge
Upstream bandwidth
must increase
Video formats
must evolve
PON is a core enabling access network technology to
achieve a converged optical IP-based platform
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
Page 4
The ‘Last Mile’ Continues to be the challenge.
Fiber Optic Backbones
Carry Virtually All Traffic for Modern Communications
Systems
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
Considerations in Transition to FTTx
…We have been talking about the move to an all-fiber, all-IP
network for years
– What is new / different?
– What are the trends?
• Physical Plant
– Tap Architecture
– Hybrid Cabling
• Electronics - PON
– RFoG as transition technology
– DPoE
– Remote OLTs
– 10G PON
– Co-existence
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
Tap and Splitter PON Architectures
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
FTTH Fiber Distribution Alternatives
• Centralized Split Architecture
– requires one fiber from distribution point
(headend, splitter cabinet) per home connected
– Application: very dense urban/suburban, fiber-
rich distribution areas
– Fiber intensive in the drop network; least OSP
passives locations; single location for splitter(s);
cost/footprint of splitter cabinet
• Distributed Split Architecture
– First splitter located at an access point with
multiple fibers to secondary splitters
– Application: multiple clusters of subscribers
– More fiber than distributed tap; less than
centralized
– Inefficient use of optical power
• Distributed Tap Architecture
– Looks and feels like HFC
– Least fiber required, optimum optical budget
utilization
– Single fiber routing plus one fiber from tap location
to connected subscriber
– Applications: Business parks, low-medium
density subscribers, fiber-poor environments
“Right” architecture balances fiber utilization, engineering, topology
? ? ?
Tap 1x8
Splitter
Tap 1x4
Splitter Tap 1x4
Splitter Tap 1x4
Splitter Tap 1x4
Splitter
Tap Tap #1
NIU
-
-
-
Tap 1x8
Splitter
Tap 1xN
Splitter Tap 1xN
Splitter Tap 1xN
Splitter Tap 1xN
Splitter
Tap 1xN
Splitter
NIU
NIU Distributed Split Architecture
? ? ?
Tap 1x8
Splitter
Tap 1x4
Splitter Tap 1x4
Splitter Tap 1x4
Splitter Tap 1x4
Splitter
Tap Tap #1
NIU
-
-
-
Tap 1x8
Splitter
Tap 1xN
Splitter Tap 1xN
Splitter Tap 1xN
Splitter Tap 1xN
Splitter
Tap 1xN
Splitter
NIU
NIU Distributed Split Architecture
Tap Tap Tap Tap#2 Tap #1 Tap #8
NIU
Tap Tap #3 Tap Tap Tap Tap
#2
Tap
#1
Tap
#8
NIU
Tap Tap
#3
Subscriber Location
Tap Tap#4 .
Subscriber Drop
Tap Tap
#4
. .
NIU
Distributed Tap Architecture
Tap Tap Tap Tap#2 Tap #1 Tap #8
NIU
Tap Tap #3 Tap Tap Tap Tap
#2
Tap
#1
Tap
#8
NIU
Tap Tap
#3
Subscriber Location
Tap Tap#4 .
Subscriber Drop
Tap Tap
#4
. .
NIU
Distributed Tap Architecture
Centralized Split Architecture
? ? ?
Tap 1x8
Splitter
-
-
-
Tap 1xN
Splitter
NIU NIU NIU NIU NIU
Centralized Split Architecture
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
Tap and Splitter Devices
Optical Splitter • Termination device
• Single or cascaded 1x2 splits • ~3.5dB loss per split
• Optical power at drop ports fixed by
number of splits
Optical Tap • Drop & continue device
• Optical coupler plus a single or
cascaded 1x2 splits • ~3.5dB loss per split
• Optical power at drop ports
determined by number of splits plus
coupler loss • Network design advantage – allows
balanced optical power at the drop
all along fiber route
Fiber In
Optical Splitters 4 Port
Splitter
Drop
1
Drop
2
Drop
3
Drop
4
Fiber In
Optical Coupler
Optical Splitters
Fiber Continues
4 Port
Tap
Drop
1
Drop
2
Drop
3
Drop
4
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
Distribution Fiber Utilization
1x2
Splitters
Fiber 1 Fiber 2 Fiber 3 Fiber 4
Distribution
Cable Fiber Continues To Next Tap
Drop
1 Drop
2
Drop
3
Drop
4
Bypass Fibers
Fiber 1 Fiber 2 Fiber 3 Fiber 4
Distribution
Cable
Drop
1
Drop
2
Drop
3
Drop
4
Bypass Fibers
2-Port
Taps
Requires optics to
drive 2 fibers
Requires optics to
drive only 1 fiber
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
Centralized Splitter Architecture
Head
End
-
Hub
S
• Architecture popularized by ‘convention wisdom’
– Architecture that is known and offered
– Architecture that is taught at PON/RFoG training
– Comparable to copper telco networks
– CommScope has patent protection on tap architecture
• Material costs higher than tapped architecture until
densities are > 170-350 HP/mi
– Good for high density & inside building / MDU applications
– Prohibitively expensive at low density
Distribution Fiber
Drop Fiber
Access Point
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
Centralized Splitter Architecture
Head
End
-
Hub
S
• Variation on previous centralized split architecture
– Less distribution fiber
– Prevents ‘backhauling’ fiber up the distribution fiber route
• Material costs higher than tapped architecture except at
densities > 170-350 HP/mi
– Good for high density & inside building / MDU applications
– Prohibitively expensive at low density
Distribution Fiber
Drop Fiber
Access Point
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
2-Port Tap Architecture
• Least drop fiber of all alternatives
• Least material costs
• More taps, more installation locations
Head
End
-
Hub
T T T T T T T T
Distribution Fiber
Drop Fiber
Access Point
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
4-Port Tap Architecture
Head
End
-
Hub
T T T T
• Compromise across number of taps, splice intrusion
into distribution fiber, and drop fiber length
• More material costs than 2P tap; less than 8P and
splitters
Distribution Fiber
Drop Fiber
Access Point
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
8-Port Tap Architecture
Head
End
-
Hub
T T
• Compromise across number of taps, splice intrusion
into distribution fiber, and drop fiber length
• Good when clusters of houses are served
• More material costs than 2P tap & 4P tap; less than
splitters
Distribution Fiber
Drop Fiber
Access Point
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
5 20 40 80 200 500
Density (HP per Mile)
Dro
p F
iber
2P Tap 4P Tap 8P Tap Centralized Split
Drop Fiber Requirements Architecture Comparison
• Model
– 256 HP
– 75’ avg drop length
– Homes equally spaced
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
5 20 40 80 200 500
Density (HP per Mile)
Dro
p F
iber
2P Tap 4P Tap 8P Tap Centralized Split
Drop Fiber Requirements Architecture Comparison
• Model
– 256 HP
– 75’ avg drop length
– Homes equally spaced
Drop Fiber Required vs. 2P Tap Architecture
Density
Density (HP/Mile) 5 20 40 80 200 500
4P Tap 7.7x 2.7x 1.8x 1.4x 1.2x 1.1x
8P Tap 21.1x 6.0x 3.5x 2.3x 1.5x 1.2x
Centralized Split 54.6x 14.4x 7.7x 4.3x 2.3x 1.5x
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
Material Cost per Subscriber Architecture Comparison – 256 HP
• Model
– 256 HP
– 75’ avg drop length
– Homes equally spaced
• Costs includes material
– Fiber
– Taps or Splitters
– Splice points
– Cabinets
• Does not include
– HE/Node electronics
– Sub electronics (MN)
– Installation / Labor
$-
$100
$200
$300
$400
$500
$600
$700
$800
$900
$1,000
5 20 40 80 200 500
Density (HP per Mile)
2P Tap 4P Tap 8P Tap Centralized Split
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
Tap Architecture Summary
• 3 architectures available
– Centralized splitter
– Distributed splitter
– Tap / distributed tap
• Splitter-based architectures are popular because they are well known
and widely available from many vendors
• Tap architectures are less well-known but offer compelling
advantages
• Tap architectures offer more design flexibility to balance optical
budgets among near- and far-end ONUs without sacrificing fiber count
• Splitter architectures can be cost effective for high and very high
subscriber densities
• Tap architectures offer significantly lower costs and better fiber
utilization up to densities in the 170-350 homes passed range
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
Hybrid Cables
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
Hybrid Cables
Managing the cost of the physical plant transition
• Fiber upgradable, coaxial, HFC plant
• When HFC coax still makes sense but you
know you’ll want fiber in the future
– Initial data customer in a new commercial
serving area
– Commercial data customer that also
requires video
– HFC residential plant… fiber deeper, ever
closer to the home
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
Hybrid Cable Strategy
Addresses infrastructure challenges
• A suite of hybrid cable and conduit products that enables a fast, flexible
transition from a traditional HFC (node + X) network to a deep fiber or a fiber-
to-the-user architecture
• Simplifies additional fiber into congested duct space
• Uses microducts in hybrid configurations with hardline coaxial cable to
support future node splits
• Supports embedded fiber home connections for future use with drop coaxial
cables – avoids additional last-mile construction costs
• Reduces an operator’s total installation expenses
• Capable of supporting power requirements beyond nodes and tap
requirements
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
• Construction costs 70 - 80% of overall cost of Conduit/Cable installation
• Installation costs are always increasing, while fiber and electronics costs are decreasing…take advantage of one time
•
Hybrid Cables mitigate future cost of fiber installation
Hybrid Cables
Transition of the Physical Plant
Typical Construction costs…
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
Cable-in-Conduit
Blow in fiber cable later
Coax with micro-fiber conduit
Splice fiber cable later
Coax with micro-fiber cable
Both because they always seem
to not have enough fiber
Coax & micro-conduit and micro-cable
Example Configurations
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
Installations
• No changes in installation
practices
–Trench
–Plow
–Directional Bore
–Aerial
• No changes in tooling required
• Accessories such as couplers
are readily available
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
PON Developments, Trends, and Issues
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
EPON, GPON, RFoG Architectures
IP video
Voice
GPON OLT
Splitter / Tap
1 n
IP Video
IP Data
VoIP
Computer
IP STB
IP Phone
GPON ONT
Splitter / Tap
EPON OLT
1 n
IP video
Voice
IP Video
IP Data
VoIP
Computer
IP STB
IP Phone
EPON ONT
Splitter / Tap
1 n
RF Video
CM Data
VoIP
Computer
RF STB
IP video
Voice
Edge QAM Cable
Modem
eMTA
Gateway Analog Phone
STB Control
CMTS
RFoG ONU MicroNode
Laser TX EDFA
RRx
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
Laser
Transmitter EDFA
Return Path Receiver
Downstream
Video Feed Forward Path
1550 or
1310nm
Hub
Optical
Distribution
Network (6 fibers)
Nodes of 256 - 1000 homes with 4
coax trunks
Return Path
1310 nm
• Migrate to single fiber per node by adding WDM
• Remove amplifiers and RF Taps
• Shrink the HFC node and place one with each subscriber
• Take fiber to each home via taps and splitters
Customer
Premise
Coax with RF amplifiers
and RF taps
W
D
M
Micro
Node
Micro
Node
Micro
Node
Micro
Node
Traditional Node
Passive Fiber
Splitters/Taps
32 Homes per Fiber
Traditional HFC Architecture
Evolved to RFoG Architecture
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PT-104190-EN
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
Downstream Spectrum
(50 to 1000 MHz)
1550 nm
Subscriber
Tap Tap Tap • • •
•
•
•
1550nm
Transmitter
Analog Return
Receiver
WDM
1610 nm Upstream
R-ONU
Upstream
Spectrum
(5 to 42 MHz)
1610 nm
Location
Tap Tap
EDFA 1:N
Up to 32 Homes
Tap
Subscriber
1310/
1490 nm ONU
Location
1310 nm Upstream
OLT
• Migration to PON uses the
same passive fiber network
• Passives have 1260-1620nm
bandwidth
• PON ONTs connect to the same
fibers as RFoG
• Or by RFoG ONU Pass-through
ONTU
RFoG Migrates to PON
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PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
DPoE
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PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL
© 2010 CommScope, Inc
DPoE Overview
• DOCSIS Provisioning of EPON
–DPoE is a standard developed by CableLabs
• Driven by the MSOs and supported by vendors
–Enables DOCSIS control of the CommScope EPON system
including 3rd party stand-alone and SFP ONUs
–Provides DOCSIS-based flow-through provisioning, CLI
management and maintenance, and IPDR for BSS/OSS
interfaces
–Delivers services and bandwidth beyond RF capabilities
• Ethernet to 1Gbps and 10Gbps symmetrical guaranteed rates
• Voice (VoIP)
• SLA-quality commercial services
• Multi-Port ONUs
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DPoE & Interoperability
• 2 major components of DPoE
– DOCSIS Provisioning – effectively means that the ONU appears like
and can be controlled like a cable modem
– Interoperability – Any DPoE-compliant ONU works with any DPoE-
compliant OLT
• DPoE Interoperability is important outside DOCSIS-based networks
– Network operator is not locked in to a specific vendor
– Enables best-of-breed networks
– Ensures competitive pricing
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DPoE Overview
Two releases of the standard • DPoE v1.0
–Provided basic provisioning and interoperability
–Single-port ONUs definitions only • Multi-port allowed but not defined)
• DPoE v2.0 –Adds functionality to DPoE v1.0
• IPv6
• Multicast
• MEF QoS Parameters (MESP)
• MPLS
• E-LAN, E-Line
–Additional v2.0 features • MEF E-TREE
• Service OA&M
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STB
COAX
CAT5
DPoE Implementation Models
DPoE compatible
ONU
STB
OLT
Prov Svr
STB
COAX
CAT5 DPoE
compatible ONU
STB
OLT
Prov Svr
Distributed Model DPoE Functions reside on OLT
Centralized Model DPoE Functions reside on
separate server
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DPoE BackOffice Transparency
Existing MSO OSS
(Operational Support
Systems)
CMTS
Headend Equipment
Hub / Node COAX
Amplifiers
DPoE System Optical
Splitter
CM
STB
STB
• DPoE enables existing backoffice systems to manage and control the EPON network - in the same way those systems manage and control HFC/DOCSIS networks • Automates service activation • Makes EPON scaleable • Leverages the millions of dollars invested in backoffice software
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DPoE Protocol Flow
Prov CPE CM CMTS
Ranging
CM DHCP Request
DHCP Response
TFTP Config File Request
Config File Download
CM Registration
DHCP Request
Auto-Discover
VCM DHCP Request
DHCP Response
TFTP Config File Request
Config File Download
PON Svc Config
DHCP Request
CPE ONU OLT Prov
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DPoE Objects
Operational Support Systems
DPoE OLT
Optical Splitter DPoE
Compatible ONU
NTP
Syslog
SNMP
Config File
DHCP IP addresses for OLT & CPE (ONUs do not require IP addresses)
Configuration data for services at ONU
Authentication data for ONU
Software
Config image for services at ONU
Timing
Certs
Ad hoc provisioning and monitoring
Event logging
STB
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STB
COAX
CAT5
DPoE Service Definition Points
STB
CommScope DPoE System CommScope or
compatible ONU
QoS
VLAN
MEF
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DPoE Summary
• Enables EPON systems to be DOCSIS-controlled and managed
– Compatible with current MoP for scalable deployments
• Delivers services and bandwidth beyond RF capabilities – Ethernet to 1Gbps and 10Gbps guaranteed rates – SLA-quality commercial services – Broader implementation of Metro-E / Carrier Ethernet services – Multi-Port ONUs – Voice (VoIP)
• Compatible with current cable operator DOCSIS OSS and BSS for flow-through provisioning
• Interoperability offers unique benefits
– Best-of-breed ONUs and OLTs
– On-going Vendor Competition
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Remote OLTs
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Head-End
Video
source
OTx
ORx CMTS
WDM HFC ONU
DSG-STB
TV
Two way RF user
RF Amp
RF Tap
A typical HFC Node
250 ~ 500 homes
Average 500m coaxial cable length
Outdoor-Hardened Enclosure/Electronics
DSG-STB
TV
Two way RF user
1550nm
Fiber
Coax
Electric
Pole
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Paradigm Shift
Replace existing HFC Node with Remote OLT
Reduce CAPEX and OPEX, increase ARPU
Services high density multi dwelling residential areas
Bundling offer: Broadband access with RF service
RFoG/FTTH demand
Head-End
Video
source
OTx
ORx CMTS WDM Remote
OLT
Internet
L3 switch
DSG-STB
TV
Two way RF + Broadband data
PC
4λ ONT
DSG-STB
TV
Two way RF + Broadband data
PC
4λ ONT
1550nm
Electric Pole
Fiber
Coax
Ethernet
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Remote OLT
42
Internet
RF
IP
Router STB
PC
ORX
CMTS
Remote OLT : HFC ONU + RF Overlay
Fiber Coax
UTP
1 RF/4Eth
OTX
Legacy Coax network
Data Center / HE / Hub End Users Access Network
Remote PON OLT or Remote PON OLT + RF/RFoG
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Common Remote OLT Functionality
Category Item Description Remarks
RF section
Tx/EDFA • Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier
- Amplify 1550nm optical signal •19 dBm output level
Return Path &
WDM
•Wavelength Division Multiplexing
- RF & Broadband Access •1:4 Mux/Demux
OLT section Remote OLT •8 PON
- 1:64 splitter
•Up to 256 homes @
32 splits
Outdoor Enclosure
•Ruggedized & Harden outdoor box
•Power supply module
- AC: 60~90V 50/60Hz
•1 + 1 Redundancy
•Square wave input
Remote OLT: pre-integration with HFC / RFoG
Node functionality
- Tx/EDFA & WDM
OLT capacity and functionality
- Services up to 512 * RFoG ONU
- 8 PON ports with up to 1:64 splitter
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10G PON
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1G & 10G Topology
Residence
Communications
Entertainment
Residence
Multi-Tenant
Corporate Offices/
Business Parks
Communications
Security
Automation
Optical Splitter
Communications
Entertainment
Communications
Security
Entertainment
Automation
Communications
Security
Automation
ONT
Small Business
SoHo
ONT
ONT
PON OLT
1
32
1
32
ONT
1Gbps EPON
10Gbps EPON
Optical Splitter
W
D
M
ONT
Combined 1G & 10G EPON 1G Services
To Home & Small Business
10G Services To Business
1G EPON
July 16, 2014
1490nm
1310nm
1577nm
1270nm
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10G PON Virtualization
Residence
Communications
Entertainment
Residence
Multi-Tenant
Splitter B
Communications
Entertainment
Communications
Security
Entertainment
Automation
Communications
Security
Automation Small Business
SoHo
ONT
ONT
OLT
ONT
1Gbps EPON
10G
PON W
D
M
ONT
Combined 1G & 10G EPON 1G Services
To Home
10G Services To Business
1G EPON
1G & 10G PONs deployed independently or over the same fiber infrastructure
10G EPON apps will be geographically diverse in the near term
Leverage 1G PON infrastructure with 10G overlays as needed with virtual PONs
Optimizes 10G OLT economics
Migration to total 10G at head end
W
D
M
W
D
M
1 x n
Combined 1G & 10G EPON
1G Services To Home
10G Services To Business
Splitter A
Splitter B
10G Optical Budget = 29dB
10G
Virtual
PONs
Splitter
A
Splitter
B Range
1 n/a 1 x 64 20km
2 1 x 2 1 x 32 20km
4 1 x 4 1 x 16 20km
4 1 x 4 1 x 32 10km
1 x n
1 x n
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Co-existence Options
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Thank You