conservation agriculture and sri
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE PRINCIPLES
inSRI
ORISSA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, BHUBANESWAR
Prof. P. K. Roul, Associate Director of Research
Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar
ORISSA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, BHUBANESWAR
A. Introduce the concept of Conservation Agriculture- as one NRM Dimension
B. Share the experience of CAPs with Tribal Farmers of Kendujhar in Odisha
C. Correlate the SRI practices with CA principles
Objectives
What is conservation agriculture?
A production system that: A production system that:
a) Has minimum soil disturbancea) Has minimum soil disturbance
b) Practices suitable crop rotationsb) Practices suitable crop rotations
c) Keeps the soil covered with plant residues/ c) Keeps the soil covered with plant residues/ residue recyclingresidue recycling
ORISSA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, BHUBANESWAR
ORISSA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, BHUBANESWAR
Correlating the SRI practices with
Natural Resource Management
&Conservation Agriculture Principles
ORISSA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, BHUBANESWAR
Land
Water
Biodiversity (Flora & Fauna)
Natural Resources
ORISSA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, BHUBANESWAR
Soil degradation vrs Soil conservation processes
forSoil productivity
Soil degradation processes
• Soil erosion• Nutrient runoff• Water logging• Desertification• Acidification• Organic matter loss• Compaction • Crusting• Salinization
- +
Soil conservation practices
•Proper tillage•Residue management•Crop rotation•Improved drainage•Water conservation •Terracing•Contour farming•Organic fertilizer
SoilSoilProductivityProductivity
ORISSA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, BHUBANESWAR
Proper tillage
XLess Tillage
ORISSA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, BHUBANESWAR
Residue management
ORISSA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, BHUBANESWAR
Crop rotation
Early HarvestBetter soil structure under saturationIntense microbial (Rhizobium) activityFurther scope of crop residue addition
ORISSA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, BHUBANESWAR
Improved drainageLESS METHANE EMISSION:
A large fraction of methane
is produced in rice soils.
More micro/macro-organisms
ORISSA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, BHUBANESWAR
Water conservation
Water becoming a scarce and costly input.
Rice alone consumes 70% of the water used in
agriculture.
Conventional rice requires 5000 liters of water
for producing 1 kg of rice (Bhuiyan et al., 1995,
IRRI).
The share of water for agriculture drastically
go down, as demand for domestic and
industrial sector is ever increasing.
Experimental results revealed that on an average 53%
less irrigation water and 28% higher yield was realized
in SRI farms than CRC farms. (Roul and Mishra., 2008,
Bhubaneswar).
Population projection and per capita water availability
2209
1820 1700
13401140
1000
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1991 2001 StressCondition
2025 2050 Scarcitycondition
Year
Pro
ject
ed P
opul
atio
n (M
illio
n)
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Per
cai
ta w
ater
ava
ilabi
lity
(m3)
Per capita availability Population (million)
ORISSA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, BHUBANESWAR
ORISSA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, BHUBANESWAR
Organic Nutrition
SRI Focuses on Organics
ORISSA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, BHUBANESWAR
Organic Nutrition
SRI Focuses on Organics
ORISSA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, BHUBANESWAR
Biodiversity
Microbial DiversityCrop DiversityGenetic Diversity
Microorganism Conventional SRI
Total bacteria 88 x 106 105 x 106
Azospirillum 8 x 105 31 x 105
Azotobacter 39 x 103 66 x 103
Phosphobacteria
33 x 103 59 x 103
Compiled by: T.M. Thiyagarajan
ORISSA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, BHUBANESWAR
CONCLUSIONS
We should not judge a technology only from where it is today
I feel we are at the beginning of a long and exciting journey
The quality of future hinges on the decisions of today
SRI is definitely a sustainable practice, having ability to increase productivity by input optimisation and agro-ecosystem conservation
Thanks…..