conflicts in south caucasus

8/3/2019 Conflicts in South Caucasus

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Ethnic and RegionalConflicts in Georgia


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After the Rose Revaluation MikhailSaakashvili who is leader of Georgiastruggled against to some seperatistmovements as Abkhaz and Ossetic events.These movements were borned withexample of Adjara conflict which had

governments strong political place inBatumi.


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According to political scientists, ifSaakashvili want to be successful in state

administration and authority he shouldgovern firstly Adjara. So, Batumi has animportant position for geostrategy of state.


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Adjaran Conflict

Adjaran region had been autonomic republicwhich was depended on Georgia in 1921.

Muslim Adjaran people was deportated to

Kazakhstan because of some seperatist actionsin Stalins period.

After 1991, Aslan Abashidze who is leader ofAdjaran High Comission created some

agreements with Russia as to be against toGeorgia. In this agreement Adjara preventedsome privileges to Georgia about incomes ofBatumi port, tourism and custom tariffs.


5/17

Adjaran Conflict

Old leader Shevardnadzewanted to discharge AslanAbashidze. So Abashidzecreated an extraordinarysituation and declared thatTbilisi government was notlegitimate.

Until to Saakashvilis period,

Adjaran and Tbilisi

governments lived in adilemma which created byAdjaran side.


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Adjaran Conflict

During this period Saakashvilis demand aboutto cancel Coloxi custom which is a custom linebetween Adjara and Tbilisi, and Abashidzesactivities as terminating all relations with centralgovernment issues created new chaos.

After these circumstances Russia influencedAbashidzes activities and they initiated to hisresignation.

Saakashvili acted to limit Adjaran governmentsrights and activities. So central government keptits power again.


7/17

Abkhazian Conflict Abkhazia was founded as Abkhaz

Soviet Socialist Republic in 1921.After it changed as autonomicrepublic within Georgia in 1931.

After Georgian independency

Abkhaz government declaredtheir independency. But Georgiangovernment wanted to changetheir 78 constitution as to turnback 1921 constitution.

So a law dilemma borned andGeorgia started a struggleagainst to Abkhaz seperatists.


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Abkhazian Conflict

Georgia intervened Sohumi in 1992.

Chechen, Ossetic and Abkhaz groupsforced to Georgian military under theConfederation of Caucasus People. Aftera big war among these groups Sohumiwas occupied by Abkhaz powers in 1993.

At this war 3000 people died and 250.000Georgians immigrated to south regions.


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Abkhazian Conflict

In 1994 Abkhaz government declaredindependency under presidency of Ardzinba.

Untill Saakashvilis period some regional and

diplomatic conflicts effected authority of Georgia. In 2006 Georgia kept Kodor Valley of Abkhazian

strategic road.

In 2008 South Ossetian War, situation of

Abkhazia had been an example of Western-Russian diplomatic disagreement. Abkhazia wasrecognized by Russia as independent state.


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South Ossetian Conflict South Ossetia had been an autonomic region of Georgia

in 1922. In 1990 they declared their independency and Georgia

answered them with canceling of its autonomic situation.

In 1991 Georgia intervened Tshinvali. But Russian,

Ossetian and Georgian peacekeeping groups providedcease-fire situation.


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South Ossetian Conflict

Around %90 people agreed independency in tworeferandums but no state recognized here.

After 2004 elections, leader Eduard Kokoev

declared sharp distinctions :- S. Ossetia should join to North Ossetia underthe rule of Russia.

- Georgia is acting as dictatorial style.

- Referandums shared demands of people.- The world should recognize S. Ossetian

massacres by Georgia.


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South Ossetian Conflict In August 2008 Georgia intervened South Ossetia. Attacks created a big

war between Georgia and Russia. During this month regional war effected conflicts conditions. Hundreds of

people died.

After the war Russia recognized S. Ossetia and Abkhazia as independent.


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Javakheti Problem Georgia has an Armenian population around % 8

of total population. Armenian complaints :

- Georgia has a discrimination policy againstArmenians.

- Economic, social and culturel developments areless than other regions.

- Autonomic body should be provided.


16/17

Javakheti Problem

There was a Russian army station.

It can be a tampon zone.


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conflicts in south caucasus

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