Conflicts between Popes & Monarchs

Secular - non-

religious; anything not having to do

with the Church

Secular – non-religious; anything not having to do with the Church

Kings and Emperors of Europe were secular

leaders because they did not have religious authority over the

people.

Excommunication a punishment from the Roman Catholic Church that denied a

person access to the sacraments

Excommunication – a punishment from the Roman Catholic Church that denied

a person access to the sacraments

Popes would use excommunication

or the threat of it to influence kings and

emperors of Europe. Denial of the sacraments

meant you spent eternity in hell.

Monarchy- a government ruled by a member of royalty. This person is referred to as a

Monarch (think king, queen, emperor, etc.).

Illustrate the meaning of the definitions of Secular, Excommunication and Monarchy. Do not use any words on your drawings except Secular, Excommunication and Monarchy. Create symbols or pictures instead of words.Write the definitions of each term in your own words on the back of your illustration.

Holy Roman Empire1. The area in Europe that

is today Germany. 2. It is called Holy because

the leader is crowned by the Pope.

3. It is called Roman because the emperors saw themselves as the successors to the old

Roman Empire.4. It is called an Empire

because it is ruled by an emperor.

Notice how the Holy Roman

Empire is divided into smaller areas.These are ruled by

various people such as counts,

dukes, princes and kings. This made it

difficult for the Holy Roman

Emperor to unite all of these places and control them.

Lay InvestitureLay – people not in the clergy

Investiture - The ability to appoint bishops and other high clergy .

The Holy Roman Emperor fought with the Pope over who had the right to appoint bishops .

Pope Gregory VII Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV

Versus

Concordat of WormsThis agreement ended the feud over the issue of who would appoint

(invest) bishops.

It stated that only the RCC could appoint

bishops, but monarchs had the right to grant them fiefs making them

their vassals.

What did popes do to manipulate monarchs?

1. Excommunication – popes often used the power of excommunication to influence monarchs.

2. Interdict – popes could also excommunicate an entire town, region or kingdom to get a king to do what they wanted.

Would you be happy with your king if they got you excommunicated?What would you do to your king to get become un-excommunicated?

1. Popes v. Monarchs

Pope Gregory VII fought with Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV over the issue of lay investiture. It was resolved by the Concordat of Worms.

2. Popes v. MonarchsPope Innocent III

excommunicated King John and interdicted

England over the appointment of the

archbishop of Canterbury. John gave in.

3. Popes v. MonarchsPope Innocent III

excommunicated King Philip II and interdicted France when Philip tried

to annul (cancel) his marriage after only one

day. Philip stayed married.

4. Popes v. Monarchs

Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II fought with

different Popes over control of the cities of

northern Italy. Frederick never gained control.

3-2-1

3 countries whose monarchs fought with popes.

2 names of popes who fought with monarchs

1 issue over which popes and monarchs fought