confessions of nat turner, william styron

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e%$s",e. 1"s 1"9in): F%o. 1he%e I 1"s s#"n0in) I 2o$,0 see #1o ho$ses ne"%+(> 'e%2he0 "##he e0)e of #he %i/e%+"n9 1he%e #he 2('%ess +%i0)e +e)"n: Th%o$)h one ho$se so.eone .o/e0

1i#h " 2"n0,e> " f,i29e%in) ,i)h# 1hi2h '"sse0 f%o. +e0%oo. #o ,i/in) %oo. #o h",,1"( #o

9i#2hen> 1he%e i# fin",,( 2".e #o %es# on so.e #"+,e "n0 s#oo0 s#i,,> (e,,o1 "n0 1"/e%in): 8ehin0

#he o#he% ho$se> 2,ose% #o #he +%i0)e> "n o,0 1o."n 2o/e%e0 1i#h " )%e"#2o"# 2".e o$# 1i#h "

2h".+e% 'o#Z ho,0in) #he s#e".in) 'o# +efo%e he% ,i9e " 2%$2i+,e> she ho++,e0 "2%oss #he f%oen

("%0 #o1"%0 " 1hi#e1"she0 1oo0en '%i/(> #he +%e"#h 2o.in) f%o. he% .o$#h in '$ffs of

s.o9e: She o'ene0 #he 0oo% of #he '%i/(> 1en# in> "n0 #he so$n0 of #he hin)es )%"#e0 1i#h "

s.",, sh%ie9 on #he f%os#( "i% $n#i, "+%$'#,( "n0 1i#h " 2%"29 ,i9e #h"# of " )$n #he 0oo% s,"..e0

sh$# +ehin0 he%: S$00en,(> .o%e f%o. h$n)e% #h"n "n(#hin) e,se> I fe,# 0i( "n0 2,ose0 .(

e(es: Tin( f%e29,es of ,i)h# 0"n2e0 "2%oss .( /ision "n0 I #ho$)h# fo% "n ins#"n# I 1"s )oin) #of",, +$# I 2"$)h# .(se,f ")"ins# #he si,, of #he 1in0o1Z 1hen I o'ene0 .( e(es ")"in> I s"1 #h"#

#he 2"n0,e in #he fi%s# ho$se h"0 )one o$#> "n0 )%"( s.o9e 1"s ',$.in) $'1"%0 f%o. #he

2hi.ne(:

$s# #hen f%o. "f"% I he"%0 " 0is#"n# 0%$..in) noise> " ',$n)in) of hoof+e"#s in e%%"#i2 .$ff,e0

#"##oo 1hi2h )%e1 ,o$0e% "n0 ,o$0e% "s i# "''%o"2he0 f%o. #he 1es# "2%oss #he %i/e%: I %"ise0

.( e(es #o #he f"% %i/e%+"n9 fif#( ("%0s "1"(> 1he%e #he #"n),e0 fo%es# 1",, of 2('%ess "n0 )$.

#%ees ,oo.e0 hi)h o/e% 1"#e%s f,o1in) .$00( "n0 2o,0 "n0 s,$))ish in #he 0"1n: A %en# in #he

1",, ."%9e0 #he '"ss")e of #he 2o$n#( %o"0> "n0 no1 #h%o$)h #his %en# " ho%se "# "n e"s(

)",,o' "''e"%e0> 2"%%(in) " 2"/",%(."n> fo,,o1e0 2,ose,( +( "no#he%> #hen s#i,, "no#he%> #h%ee

so,0ie%s in ",,K ,i9e " 2o,,ision of +"%%e,s #he( s#%$29 #he 2('%ess +%i0)e in " #h$n0e%o$s $'%o"% ofhoo/es "n0 s )$ns ),in#in) in #he

'",e ,i)h#: I 1"#2he0 $n#i, #he( h"0 )",,o'e0 o$# of si)h# "n0 $n#i, #he noise of hoof+e"#s f"0e0

in#o " sof# 0i. 0%$..in) The Confessions of N"# T$%ne%

5

+ehin0 .e in #he #o1n: Then i# 1"s s#i,, ")"in: I 2,ose0 .( e(es "n0 %es#e0 .( fo%ehe"0 ")"ins#

#he 1in0o1 si,,: The 0"%9ness 1"s 2o.fo%#in) #o .( e(es: I# h"0 fo% ."n( (e"%s +een .(

2$s#o. #o '%"( "# #his ho$% of #he 0"(> o% #o %e"0 f%o. #he 8i+,eZ +$# 0$%in) #he fi/e 0"(s #h"# I

h"0 +een ."0e '%isone% I h"0 +een %ef$se0 #he 8i+,e> "n0 "s fo% '%"(e%1e,,> i# 1"s no

s$%'%ise #o .e "n( ,on)e% #h"# I 1"s #o#",,( $n"+,e #o fo%2e " '%"(e% f%o. .( ,i's: I s#i,, h"0 #his

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#o %ese.+,e " '%o+,e. in )eo.e#%( o% so.e o#he% .(s#e%io$s s2ien2e +e(on0 .(


7/220

$n0e%s#"n0in): I no1 2o$,0 no# e/en %e2",, 1hen #he "+i,i#( #o '%"( h"0 ,ef# .eone .on#h>

#1o .on#hs> 'e%h"'s e/en .o%e:

I# .i)h# h"/e +een so.e 2onso,"#ion> "# ,e"s#> h"0 I 9no1n #he %e"son 1h( #his 'o1e% h"0

0ese%#e0 .eZ +$# I 1"s 0enie0 e/en #his 9no1,e0)e "n0 #he%e see.e0 no 1"( "# ",, #o +%i0)e

#he )$,f +e#1een .(se,f "n0 [o0: So fo% " .o.en#> "s I s#oo0 1i#h .( e(es 2,ose0 "n0 1i#h .(

he"0 '%esse0 ")"ins# #he 2o,0 1oo0 si,,> I fe,# " #e%%i+,e e.'#iness: A)"in I #%ie0 #o '%"( +$# .(

.in0 1"s " /oi0> "n0 ",, #h"# fi,,e0 .( 2ons2io$sness 1"s #he s#i,, f"0in) e2ho of ',$n)in)hoof+e"#s "n0 %oos#e%s 2%o1in) f"% off in #he fie,0s +e(on0 e%$s",e.:

S$00en,( I he"%0 " %"##,in) "# #he +"%s +ehin0 .e "n0 I o'ene0 .( e(es> #$%nin) #o see

\i#2henQs f"2e in #he ,"n#e%n ,i)h#: I# 1"s " (o$n) f"2e> ei)h#een 'e%h"'s nine#een> 'i.',e0 "n0

'o29."%9e0 "n0 s,"29?V"1e0> he s"i0: Then> He(> o,0 N"#> in " s9i##ish hesi#"n# /oi2e:

N"#> 1"9e $']Fo% " .o.en# I 1"n#e0 #o sho$# o$#> (e,, S2"#] "n0 1"#2h hi. f,( o$# of his +%i#2hes> +$# I s"i0

on,(K IQ. "1"9e no1:

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I s"i0 no#hin) fo% " .o.en#> 1"#2hin) hi.: M"(+e i# 1"s h$n)e% ",one 1hi2h s#i%%e0 $' " ,"s#

+%e"#h> #he $,#i."#e )"s' of " f$%( I #ho$)h# I h"0 s"fe,( ,"i0 #o %es# si; 1ee9s +efo%e: I ,oo9e0

+"29 in#o #he inf"n#ine s,"29?V"1e0 f"2e> #hin9in)K Moon2",f> (o$ "%e V$s# " ,$29( 2hi,0: Yo$ "%e

#he 9in0 of s1ee# .e"# Wi,, 1"s "f#e% :

: : An0 fo% no %e"son "# ",, " /ision of ."0 Wi,, 2".e +"29> "n0 I #ho$)h# in s'i#e of .(se,f> #he

.o.en#Qs %")e 'e%sis#in)K Wi,,> Wi,,: Ho1 #h"# ."0 +,"29 ."n 1o$,0 h"/e %e,ishe0 #his

si.',e#onQs f,esh The %")e sh%i/e,e0> 0ie0 1i#hin .e> ,e"/in) .e 1i#h " .o.en#"%( sense of

1"s#e "n0 sh".e "n0 e;h"$s#ion: M"(+e (o$ 2o$,0 fe#2h .e V$s# " ,i##,e 'ie2e of 'one> I s"i0>',e"0in)> #hin9in)K 8i) #",9 1i,, fe#2h (o$ no#hin) +$# ni))e% #",9 .i)h# 1o%9: Ce%#"in,( I h"0

no#hin) #o ,ose> ,e"s# of ",, .( '%i0e: $s# " ,i##,e +i##( 'ie2e of 'one> I 2o";e0> 2o"%se "n0

1hee0,in): ,e"se> (o$n) ."s#"h: IQ. .os# 0%e"0f$, h$n)%(:

8%e"9f"s# "inQ# $n#i, ei)h#] he +,$%#e0 in " /oi2e #oo ,o$0> " sho$#> his +%e"#h ."9in) #he

,"n#e%n f,".e #%e.+,e "n0 f,i29e%:

Then he 0"%#e0 off "n0 I 1"s s#"n0in) in #he 0"1n> shi/e%in)> ,is#enin) #o #he )%o1,in) in .(

)$#s: Af#e% " .o.en# I sh$ff,e0 +"29 o/e% #o #he ',"n9 "n0 s"# 0o1n "n0 #h%$s# .( he"0 in#o

.( h"n0s "n0 2,ose0 .( e(es: %"(e% ")"in ho/e%e0 "# #he ."%)in of .( 2ons2io$sness>

'%o1,in) #he%e %es#,ess,( ,i9e so.e )%e"# )%"( 2"# (e"%nin) fo% en#%( in#o .( .in0: Ye# on2e

")"in '%"(e% %e."ine0 o$#si0e "n0 "'"%# f%o. .e> +"nne0> e;2,$0e0> $n"##"in"+,e> sh$# o$# "s0e2isi/e,( "s if 1",,s "s hi)h "s #he s$n h"0 +een in#e%'ose0 +e#1een .(se,f "n0 [o0: So

ins#e"0 of '%"(e% I +e)"n #o 1his'e% ",o$0K I# is " )oo0 #hin) #o )i/e #h"n9s$n#o #he Lo%0> "n0


8/220

#o sin) '%"ises $n#o #h( n".e> O .os# Hi)h:

To sho1 fo%#h #h( ,o/in)9in0ness in #he .o%nin) 8$# e/en #hese h"%.,ess 1o%0s 2".e o$#

1%on)> "n0 "s +$# 1i#h "

fo%s"9en so,i#"%( "'"%#ness so +e(on0 ho'e #h"# I 2o$,0 no# h"/e fe,# .o%e s$n0e%e0 f%o. #he0i/ine s'i%i# h"0 I +een 2"s# ",i/e ,i9e so.e 1%i)),in) inse2# +ene"#h #he ,"%)es# %o29 on e"%#h>

#he%e #o ,i/e in hi0eo$s> 'e%'e#$", 0"%9:


4

The 2hi,, "n0 0".' of #he .o%nin) +e)"n #o s'%e"0 o$# ,i9e ooe #h%o$)h .( +ones: H"%9Qs

+%e"#hin) 2".e #h%o$)h #he 1",, ,i9e #he so$n0 of "n o,0 0o) 0(in)> ",, )$%),es "n0 sh$00e%s

"n0 $nho,( /i+%"#ions> s#i#2he0 #o)e#he% +( " si29,( #h%e"0 of "i%:

A 'e%son 1ho h"s ,i/e0 "s I h"/e fo% ."n( (e"%s2,ose #o #he )%o$n0> so #o s'e"9> in #he

1oo0s "n0 #he s1".'> 1he%e no "ni.", sense is s$'e%io% #o "no#he%e/en#$",,( 2o.es #o

o1n " s$'%e.e,( )oo0 noseZ #h$s I s.e,,e0 [%"( ",.os# +efo%e I s"1 hi.: No# #h"# #he o0o%#h"# [%"( '$# o$# 0e."n0e0 )%e"# sensi+,i#(K s$00en,( #he 2o,0 0"1n 1"s " M"( .o%nin)> %"n9

1i#h #he o0o% of "'',e +,osso.s> his s1ee# f%")%"n2e '%e2e0in) hi. "s he "''%o"2he0 #he 2e,,:

\i#2hen 1"s 2"%%(in) #1o ,"n#e%ns #his #i.e: He '$# one 0o1n on #he f,oo% "n0 $n,o29e0 #he

0oo%: Then he 2".e in> ho,0in) +o#h ,"n#e%ns hi)h> fo,,o1e0 +( [%"(: The s,o' +$29e# 1"s insi0e

+( #he 0oo% "n0 \i#2hen V"%%e0 i# 1i#h one of his $n2e%#"in> ne%/o$s fee#> se##in) #he 1ho,e

+$29e# #o )$,'in) "n0 s,oshin): [%"( 2"$)h# " hin# of \i#2henQs #e%%o%> +e2"$se "# #h"# ins#"n# I

he"%0 hi. s"(K C",. (o$%se,f> +o(> fo% 'i#(Qs s"9e]

Wh"# on e"%#h 0o (o$ #hin9 he 2"n 0o #o (o$^ I# 1"s " %o$n0> he"%#( /oi2e> Vo/i", e/en>

+oo.in) 1i#h /o%"2io$s )oo0 1i,,: A# #his ho$% I 1"s $n"+,e #o #e,, 1hi2h I %esen#e0 .o%e> #h"#

0o$)h#( /oi2e o% #he hone(e0> o/e%'o1e%in) 'e%f$.e: L"10 ".e%2(> (o$Q0 #hin9 he 1"s )oin)#o e"# (o$ ",i/e] \i#2hen ."0e no %e',(> se# " ,".' 0o1n on #he o#he% ',"n9 1hi2h s#$29 o$#>

,i9e #he one I 1"s si##in) on> "# %i)h# "n),es f%o. #he o''osi#e 1",,> #hen 'i29e0 $' #he s,o'

+$29e# "n0 f,e0> +"n)in) #he 0oo% +ehin0 hi. "n0 #h%o1in) #he +o,# ho.e 1i#h " s,i''e%(

2h$n9in) noise:

Fo% " .o.en#> "f#e% \i#2hen 1"s )one> [%"( s"i0 no#hin)> s#"n0in) ne"% #he 0oo% "n0 +,in9in)

s,o1> #en#"#i/e +,in9s '"s# .eI h"0 ",%e"0( no#i2e0 he 1"s " +i# ne"%?si)h#e0#hen he e"se0

hi.se,f 0o1n on #he +o"%0 +esi0e #he ,"n#e%n: We 1o$,0 no# nee0 #he ,"n#e%n ,on)K e/en "s he

se"#e0 hi.se,f .o%nin) 1"s 'o$%in) 1i#h " 2oo, 1hi#e ),o1 #h%o$)h #he 1in0o1> "n0 I h"0

+e)$n #o he"% o$#si0e +e(on0 #he V"i, " s,o1?.o/in) f$ss "n0 2,"##e% of 2%e"9in) '$.'s "n0

+"n)in) 1in0o1s "n0 ("''in) 0o)s "s #he #o1n 2".e "1"9e: [%"( 1"s " f,esh(> %e0?f"2e0."nhe .$s# h"/e +een fif#( o% " ,i##,e .o%e"n0 his e(es 1e%e ho,,o1 "n0 +,oo0sho# "s if he

nee0e0 s,ee': He s#i%%e0 "+o$# #o fin0 " 2o.fo%#"+,e %es#in) ',"2e on #he ',"n9> #hen #h%e1

o'en his )%e"#2o"# "+%$'#,(> %e/e",in) +ene"#h " f"n2( +%o2"0e0 1"is#2o"#> no1 .o%e )%e"se?

s#"ine0 #h"n e/e% "n0 1i#h #he ,o1e% +$##on $n,oosene0 #o "22o..o0"#e his '"$n2h: A)"in he

)"e0 #o1"%0 .e> +,in9in) '"s# .e "s if s#i,, $n"+,e #o see o% fin0 his fo2$sZ #hen he ("1ne0 "n0

%e.o/e0> fin)e% +( 0e,i2"#e '$0)( The Confessions of N"# T$%ne%

fin)e%> his ),o/es> 1hi2h .$s# on2e h"/e +een 'in9 +$# no1 1e%e see0( "n0 +e)%i.e0:

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hi.se,f> '"$sin) f%o. #i.e #o #i.e #o s#%o9e his .$s#"2he> 1hi2h 1"s )%"( "n0 in0e2isi/e> "


9/220

f"in# sh"0o1: His V"1 1"s in nee0 of " sh"/e: Wi#h s$2h "n e.'#( fee,in) in .( s#o."2h #he

o/e% s1ee# s.e,, of hi. ",.os# ."0e .e '$9e "s I s"# #he%e 1"#2hin) hi.> s"(in) no#hin): I

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no#hin) "n0 I ."n")e0 if no# 2o.',e#e,( #o s#if,e .( 0is,i9e "n0 0is,i9e i# 1"s> no# h"#%e0>

1hi2h I h"/e on,( on2e fe,# fo% "n( sin),e ."n #hen #o ."s9 i#> #o s$+.e%)e i# +ene"#h #he

)ene%", 'o,i#e 2o.',i"n2e 1hi2h #he si#$"#ion 0e."n0e0:

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"$#$.n", ,i)h# "n "f#e%noon> h"( 1i#h s.o9eZ I %e2",, #he 2$%,e0 "n0 +%i##,e s(2".o%e ,e"/es

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of .ise%(: Fo% (o$ "n0 #he o#he% ni))e%: I %e."ine0 si,en#: The 0"( +efo%e> 1hen #he( h"0

+%o$)h# .e $' +( foo# f%o. C%oss \e(s> #he%e h"0 +een #1o 1o.en+"nshees in s$n+onne#s>

e))e0 on +( #he .en1ho h"0 '%i29e0 .( +"29 0ee' 1i#h h"#'ins " 0oen #i.es> 'e%h"'s

.o%eZ #he #in( 1o$n0s ",on) .( sho$,0e%s h"0 +e)$n fie%2e,( #o i#2h "n0 I (e"%ne0 #o s2%"#2h

#he.> 1i#h " ho'e,ess 2%"/in) 1hi2h +%o$)h# #e"%s #o .( e(es> +$# I 1"s '%e/en#e0 f%o. 0oin)

so +( #he ."n"2,es: I #ho$)h# if I 2o$,0 )e# off #hose ."n"2,es The Confessions of N"# T$%ne%

P

"n0 s2%"#2h IQ0 +e "+,e #o #hin9 2,e"%,(> IQ0 +e %e,ie/e0 of " )%e"# "ff,i2#ion> "n0 fo% "n ins#"n# I1"s on #he /e%)e of 2"'i#$,"#in) #o [%"( if heQ0 ",,o1 .e #his 2on2essionnone#he,ess> I 9e'#

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.ise%( (o$ ",%e"0( )o#: No1 #hen

Of #1o i#e.s> #he i#e. in #he se2on0 '"%#: N".e,(> #he '%o?.$,?)"#ion of .o%e .ise%( o/e%

"n0 "+o/e "n0 in "00i#ion #o #he .ise%( (o$ ",%e"0( )o#E;2$se .e: Fo% #he fi%s# #i.e I s'o9e> "n0 his /oi2e "+%$'#,( 2e"se0: He 1"s of 2o$%se 1o%9in)

$' #o #he i0e" #h"# if I 0i0 no# #e,, hi. e/e%(#hin)> he 1o$,0 fin0 " 1"( of )e##in) "# .e #h%o$)h


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so.e so%# of /i,,"ino$s .on9e( +$siness 1i#h H"%9: 8$# he h"0 .isV$0)e0 e/e%(#hin): He h"0 "#

on2e .isin#e%'%e#e0 .( si,en2e "n0 $n1i##in),( "n#i2i'"#e0 .( .os# n"))in)> i..inen# nee0K

#o s2%"#2h .( +"29: If I 1"s #o +e h$n) 2o.e 1h"# ."(> 1h"# '$%'ose 2o$,0 +e se%/e0 +(

1i#hho,0in) " 2onfession>

es'e2i",,( 1hen i# .i)h# "$).en# in so.e s.",, 1"( .( fin", 'h(si2", %e,ief^ Th$s I fe,# I h"0

)"ine0 " s.",,> '%i/"#e ini#i", /i2#o%(: H"0 I o'ene0 $' "# #he o$#se# i# 1o$,0 h"/e +een I 1ho

h"0 #o "s9 fo% in0$,)en2es> "n0 I .i)h# no# h"/e )o##en #he.:8$# +( %e."inin) "s if .( no# o,0 H"%9:

8$# #h"# "inQ# ",,

We,, si%> [%"( +%o9e in> #h"#Qs " %i)h# in#e,,i)en# 0e2ision> N"#: I #ho$)h# (o$Q0 2o.e %o$n0 #o

#h"# 0e2ision:

A,so> #he%eQs so.e#hin) e,se> M%: [%"(> I s"i0> s'e"9in) /e%( s,o1,(: L"s# ni)h#> "f#e% #he(

2"%%ie0 .e $' he%e f%o. C%oss \e(s "n0 I s"# he%e in #he 0"%9 in #hese 2h"ins> I #%ie0 #o s,ee':

An0 "s I #%ie0 #o s,ee'> #he Lo%0 see.e0 #o "''e"% #o .e in " /ision: Fo% " 1hi,e I 0i0nQ# fee, i#1"s #he Lo%0> +e2"$se ,on) ")o I #ho$)h# #he Lo%0 h"0 f"i,e0 .e> h"0 0ese%#e0 .e: 8$# "s I s"#

he%e in #hese 2h"ins> 1i#h #his ne29 i%on "n0 #hese ,e) i%ons "n0 #hese he%e ."n"2,es e"#in) "#

.( 1%is#s> "s I s"# he%e in #he ho'e,ess ")on( of #he 9no1,e0)e of 1h"# 1"s )oin) #o +ef",, .e>

1h(> M%: [%"(> IQ,, s1e"% #h"# #he Lo%0 2".e #o .e in " /ision: An0 #he Lo%0 s"i0 #his #o .e: The

Lo%0 s"i0K Confess> #h"#",, #he n"#ions ."( 9no1: Confess> #h"# #h( "2#s ."( +e 9no1n#o ",,

.en: I '"$se0> )"in) "# [%"( in #he s1"%.in)> 0$s#( f",, ,i)h#: Fo% " +%ief ins#"n# I #ho$)h# #he

f",si#( of #hese 1o%0s 1o$,0 %e/e", i#se,f> +$# [%"( 1"s ,"''in) i# $'> in#en# no1> e/en "s I

s'o9e s2%"++,in) "# his 1"is#2o"# fo% '"'e%> )%o'in) fo% #he 1",n$# 1%i#in) +o; "# his 9nee> ",,

f$ss( "n;ie#( no1> "s if he %is9e0 +ein) ,ef# in #he ,$%2h: When #he Lo%0 s"i0 #h"# #o .e> I

2on#in$e0> M%: [%"(> I 9no1e0 #he%e 1"s no o#he% 2o$%se: No1 si%> IQ. " #i%e0 ."n> +$# IQ.%e"0( #o 2onfess> +e2"$se #he Lo%0 h"s )i/en #his ni))e% " si)n:

An0 ",%e"0( #he "n0 #he so$n0 of s2%"#2hin) "s [%"( h"s#ene0 #o )e# 0o1n #o +$siness: Wh"#Q0

#he Lo%0 s"( #o (o$ ")"in> N"#^

_Confess (o$% sins> #h"#Q1h"#^

No# 2onfess (o$% sins> si%> I %e',ie0: He s"i0 2onfess: $s# #h"#:

Confess: Th"# is i.'o%#"n# #o %e,"#e: The%e 1"s no (o$% sins "# ",,: Confess> #h"# ",, n"#ions

."( 9no1

Confess> #h"# ",, n"#ions ."( 9no1> he %e'e"#e0 +ene"#h his +%e"#h> #he 'en s2%"#2hin)"1"(: An0 1h"# e,se^ he s"i0> ,oo9in) $':

Then #he Lo%0 #o,0 .eK Confess> #h"# #h( "2#s ."( +e 9no1n #o ",, .en:


11/220

[%"( '"$se0> #he his f"2e 1o%e " ,oo9 of s$2h ',e"s$%e #h"# i#

/e%)e0 on e;",#"#ion> "n0 fo% "n ins#"n# I ",.os# e;'e2#e0 #o see his e(es 1"#e%: He ,e# #he 'en

f",, s,o1,( #o #he 1%i#in) +o;: I 2"nQ# #e,, (o$> N"#> he s"i0 in " /oi2e f$,, of e.o#ion> I hones#,(

2"nQ# #e,, (o$ 1h"# " s',en0i0

1h"# " %e",,( s',en0i0 0e2ision (o$Q/e ."0e: I#Qs 1h"# I 2",, "n hono%"+,e 2hoi2e:

Wh"# (o$ .e"n +( hono%"+,e^ I s"i0:

To ."9e " 2onfession> #h"# is:The Lo%0 2o.."n0e0 .e> I %e',ie0: 8esi0es> I "inQ# )o# "n(#hin) #o 2on2e", "n( .o%e: Wh"#

h"/e I )o# #o ,ose +( #e,,in) ",, I 9no1^ I hesi#"#e0 fo% " .o.en#Z #he 0esi%e #o s2%"#2h .( +"29

h"0 0%i/en .e #o #he e0)e of " 9in0 of #in(> se'"%"#e ."0ness: IQ0 fee, ,i9e I 2o$,0 s"( " 1ho,e

,o# .o%e #o (o$ #ho$)h> M%: [%"(> if (o$Q0 )e# #he. #o #"9e off #hese he%e ."n"2,es: I i#2h $'

",on) .( ne29 so.e#hinQ 'o1e%f$,:

I #hin9 #h"# 2"n +e "%%"n)e0 1i#ho$# #oo .$2h #%o$+,e> he s"i0 in "n ".i2"+,e /oi2e: As I

h"/e ",%e"0( in#i."#e0 "# so.e ,en)#h> I h"/e +een "$#ho%ie0 +( #he 2o$%# #o> 1i#hin %e"son>

".e,io%"#e "n( s$2h 2on#in$"#ion of '%esen# .ise%( #h"# .i)h# o+#"in> '%o/i0inQ (o$ 2oo'e%"#e

#o " 0e)%ee "s 1o$,0 ."9e s$2h ".e,io%"#ion> $h> .$#$",,( "0/"n#")eo$s: An0 I ". h"''(

in0ee0> I .i)h# s"( I ". o/e%'o1e%e0 1i#h 0e,i)h##o see #h"# (o$ fee, #h"# 2oo'e%"#ion is0esi%"+,e: He ,e"ne0 fo%1"%0 #o1"%0 .e> s$%%o$n0in) #he #1o of $s 1i#h #he s.e,, of s'%in)

"n0 +,osso.s: So #he Lo%0 #o,0 (o$K Confess> #h"# ",, n"#ions ."(9no1^ Re/e%en0> I 0onQ#

#hin9 (o$ %e",ie 1h"# 0i/ine V$s#i2e ,ies in #h"# 'h%"se: Fo% ne"% "+o$# on#o #en 1ee9s no1

#he%eQs +een The Confessions of N"# T$%ne%

@

" .i)h#( 2,".o% #o 9no1> no# on,(in #he i%)ini" %e)ion +$# ",, o/e% A.e%i2": Fo% #en 1ee9s>

1hi,e (o$ 1e%e "?hi0inQ o$# "n0 "?s2".'e%inQ "%o$n0 So$#h".'#on ,i9e " fo;> #he A.e%i2"n

'eo',e h"/e +een in " s1e"# #o 9no1 ho1 2o.e (o$ s#"%#e0 " 2",".i#( ,i9e (o$ 0one: A,, o/e%

A.e%i2"> #he No%#h "s 1e,, "s #he So$#h> #he 'eo',e h"/e "s9e0 #hei%se,/esK Ho1 2o$,0 #he

0"%9ies )e# o%)"nie0 ,i9e #h"#> ho1 2o$,0 #he( e/e% e/o,/e "n0 '%o.$,)"#e no# #o s"(2oo%0in"#e "n0 2"%%( o$# s$2h " ',"n^ 8$# #he 'eo',e 0i0nQ# 9no1> #he #%$#h 1"s no# "/"i,"+,e

#o #he.: The( 1e%e in #he '%ofo$n0es# 0"%9: The. o#he% ni))e%s 0i0nQ# 9no1:

Ei#he% #h"# o% #he( 1e%e #oo 0$.+: J$.+?"sse0] J$.+] J$.+]

The( 2o$,0nQ# #",9> e/en #h"# o#he% one 1e "inQ# h$n) (e#: The one #he( 2",, H"%9: He '"$se0:

S"(> IQ/e +een .e"ninQ #o "s9:

Ho1Q0 he e/e% )e# " n".e ,i9e #h"#^

I +e,ie/e he 1"s +o%n He%2$,es> I s"i0: I #hin9 H"%9 is sho%# fo% #h"#: 8$# I "inQ# s$%e: No+o0(Qs

s$%e: HeQs ",1"(s +een 2",,e0 H"%9:

We,,> e/en hi.: 8%i)h#e% #h"n .os# of #he o#he%s> I %e29on: 8$# s#$++o%n: C%"ies# ni))e% I e/e%

s"1 in .( ,ife: [%"( +en# 2,ose% #o .e: E/en he 1o$,0nQ# s"( "n(#hin): H"0 " ,o"0 of+$29sho# in his sho$,0e% #h"# 1o$,0 of fe,,e0 "n o;: We n$%se0 hi. ",on)IQ,, +e f%"n9 1i#h

(o$> N"#> f%"n9 "n0 ,e/e,: We #ho$)h# heQ0 #e,, 1he%e (o$ 1e%e hi0inQ o$# "#: An(1"(> 1e

n$%se0 hi. ",on): He 1"s #o$)he%Qn %"1hi0e> IQ,, h"/e #o h"n0 hi. #h"#: 8$# "s9 hi. " heQ0 se# #he%e 2%"29inQ 2hi29en +ones 1i#h his #ee#h "n0

V$s# %"%e +"29 "n0 ,"$)h ,i9e " hoo# o1,: An0 #he. o#he% ni))e%s> #he( 0i0nQ# 9no1 no#hinQ:

[%"( 0%e1 +"29 fo% "n ins#"n#> si,en#> 1i'in) his +%o1> 1hi,e I s"# #he%e ,is#enin) #o #he

h$..in) "n0 .$%.$%"#ion of 'eo',e o$#si0e #he V"i," +o(Qs 2",,> " 1his#,e> " s$00en

#h$00in) of hoo/es> "n0 +ene"#h i# ",, " %ise "n0 f",, of ."n( /oi2es ,i9e #he 0is#"n# %$shin) of

1"#e%: No si%> he %es$.e0> s,o1e%> sof#e% no1> N"# "n0 N"# ",one h"0 #he 9e( #o ",, #his

%$2#ion: He '"$se0 ")"in> #hen s"i0 in " /oi2e ",.os# " 1his'e%KJonQ# (o$ see ho1 (o$Q%e #he 9e(> Re/e%en0^

Th%o$)h #he 1in0o1 I 1"#2he0 #he 2$%,e0 "n0 )o,0en sif#in) of s(2".o%e ,e"/es: The


12/220

i..o+i,i#( in 1hi2h I h"0 s"# fo% so ."n( ho$%s h"0 2"$se0 o+,on) sh"0o1( i.")es #o f,$##e%

"2%oss #he ."%)in of .( 2ons2io$sness ,i9e #he 0i. +e)innin) of h",,$2in"#ions: I +e)"n #o )e#

#hese .i;e0 $' 1i#h #he ,e"/es: I 0i0nQ# %e',( #o his fin",,( s"(in) on,(K Ji0 (o$ s"(

#he%e 1"s " #%i", fo% #he o#he%s^


T%i",^ he s"i0: T%i",s> (o$ .e"n: He,,> 1e h"0 " .i,,ion #%i",s:H"0 " #%i", '%e##( ne"% e/e%( 0"(: Se'#e.+e% "n0 #his '"s# .on#h> 1e h"0 #%i",s %$nninQ o$# o$%

e"%s:

8$# #%i",s^ Then (o$ .e"n An i.")e 2".e #o .in0 ,i9e "n e;',osion of ,i)h#K .(se,f> #he 0"(

+efo%e> h$%%ie0 #o1"%0 e%$s",e. ",on) #he %o"0 f%o. C%oss \e(s> #he +oo#e0 fee# #h$00in)

in#o .( +"29 "n0 +ehin0 "n0 s'ine "n0 #he fie%2e s#in) of #he h"#'ins in .( sho$,0e%s> #he

+,$%%e0 inf$%i"#e0 f"2es "n0 #he 0$s# in .( e(es "n0 #he )o+s of #hei% s'i# s#%in)in) f%o. .(

nose "n0 2hee9 "n0 ne29 e/en no1 I 2o$,0 fee, i# on .( f"2e ,i9e "n eno%.o$s s2"+> 0%ie0 "n0

en2%$s#e0> "n0> "+o/e ",,> one "non(.o$s 1i,0 /oi2e hi)h "n0 h(s#e%i2", o/e% #he f$%io$s

$'%o"%K 8$%n hi.] 8$%n hi.] 8$%n #he +,"29 0e/i, %i)h# he%e] An0 #h%o$)h #he si;?ho$%

s#$.+,in) ."%2h .( o1n ,is#,ess ho'e "n0 1on0e%> 2$%io$s,( 2o..in),e0K I 1ish #he( 1o$,0)e# i# o/e% 1i#h> +$# 1h"#e/e% i# is #he(Q%e )oin) #o 0o> +$%n .e> h"n) .e> '$# o$# .( e(es> 1h(

0onQ# #he( )e# i# o/e% 1i#h %i)h# no1^ 8$# #he( h"0 0one no#hin): Thei% s'i# see.e0 e/e%,"s#in)>

i#s so$%ness " '"%# of .e: 8$# s"/e fo% #his "n0 #he 9i29s "n0 #he h"#'ins> I h"0 2o.e o$#

$nh"%.e0> 1on0%o$s,( so> #hin9in) e/en "s #he( 2h"ine0 .e $' "n0 h$%,e0 .e in#o #his 2e,,K

The Lo%0 is '%e'"%in) fo% .e " s'e2i", s",/"#ion: Ei#he% #h"#> o% #he( "%e 1o%9in) $' #o so.e

e; "s #he F%en2hies '$# i#: Yo$ 2o$,0nQ# +e .o%e 2o%%e2#:A,so (o$ .i)h# s"( i# 1"s #o '%o#e2# #he %i)h#s of '%o'e%#(:

Ri)h#s of '%o'e%#(^ I s"i0:

8ien s$%e ")"in> he %e',ie0: Yo$ .i)h# s"( i# 1"s " 2o.+in"#ion of +o#h: He %e"2he0 in#o

#he 'o29e# of his 1"is#2o"# "n0 0%e1 o$# " f%esh ',$) of 0"%9 +%o1n #o+"22o> e;".ine0 i#

+e#1een #he #i's of his fin)e%s> #hen )n"1e0 off " 2hee9f$,:

Offe% (o$ " 2h"1> he s"i0 "f#e% " .o.en#> e;2e'# I i.")ine " ."n of #he 2,o#h ,i9e (o$ 0onQ#

in0$,)e in L"0( Ni2o#ine: e%( )oo0 i0e" #oo> %o# #he #on)$e %i)h# o$# of (o$% he"0: No> IQ,, #e,,

(o$ so.e#hinQ> N"#> "n0 #h"# so.e#hinQ is #his: S'e"9inQ "s " ,"1(e%in0ee0> s'e"9inQ "s (o$%

,"1(e%> 1hi2h #o so.e 0e)%ee I ".i#Qs .( 0$#( #o 'oin# o$# " fe1 V$%is'%$0en#i", 0e#"i,s

1hi2h i# .i)h# +e " )oo0 i0e" #o #$29 $n0e% (o$% +onne#: No1> of #1o The Confessions of N"#T$%ne%

i#e.s> i#e. in #he fi%s# '"%# is #his: N".e,(K %i)h#s of '%o'e%#(:

I s#"%e0 "# hi.> s"(in) no#hin):

A,,o1 .e #o '$# i# 2%$0e,(: T"9e " 0o)> 1hi2h is " 9in0 of " 2h"##e,: No> fi%s# #"9e " 1")onI

1"n# #o e/o,/e #his "n",o)( +( ,o)i2", 0e)%ees: No1 ,e#Qs #"9e so.e f"%.e% 1hoQs )o# "

1")on" 2o..on> o%0in"%( 0%"( 1")on"n0 heQs )o# i# o$# in #he fie,0s so.e1he%e: No1>

#his f"%.e% h"s ,o"0e0 $' #his 1")on 1i#h 2o%n sh$29s o% h"( o% fi%e1oo0 o% so.e#hinQ "n0 heQs

)o# i# %es#inQ on " 9in0 of s,o'e: We,,> #his he%e is " %i29e#( o,0 1")on "n0 ",, of " s$00en

1i#ho$# hi. 9no1inQ i# #he +%"9e )i/es 1"(: %e##( soon #h"# o,0 1")on is 2"%ee%inQ off 0o1n#he %o"0 "n0 "2%oss hi,, "n0 0",e "n0 +efo%e (o$ 2"n s"( ohn Hen%(

9e%+,".] i# fe#2hes $' ")"ins# #he 'o%2h of " ho$se> "n0 #he%eQs " ,i##,e )i%, 'e"2e"+,( se##inQ


13/220

on #he 'o%2h"n0 9e%+,".] #he 1")on ',o1s %i)h# on "2%oss #he 'o%2h "n0 #he 'oo% ,i##,e )i%,

is ."she0 #o 0e"#h +ene"#h #he 1")on 1hee,s %i)h# +efo%e he% s#%i29en .o#he%Qs e(es: M"##e%

of f"2#> I he"%0 of #his /e%( #hin) h"''eninQ no# ,on) ")o> so.e1he%e $' in Jin1i00ie: We,,>

#he%eQs " ,o# of +oo?hooinQ "%o$n0> "n0 " f$ne%",> "n0 so on> +$# '%e##( soon #ho$)h#s ine/i#"+,(

#$%n +"29 #o #h"# o,0 1")on: Ho1 2o.e i# h"''ene0^ Ho1 2o.e ,i##,e C,"%in0" )o# ."she0 #o

0e"#h +( #h"# o,0 1")on^ WhoQs %es'onsi+,e fo% s$2h " ho%%i+,e 0e%e,i2#ion^ We,,> 1ho 0o (o$

#hin9Qs %es'onsi+,e^This ,"s# +$# I 0i0nQ# 2hoose #o "ns1e%: e%h"'s i# 1"s +o%e0o.

o% e;"s'e%"#ion o% e;h"$s#ion> o% ",, #h%ee: A# "n( %"#e> I 0i0nQ# %e',(> 1"#2hin) hi. shif# #he

he 1en# on: IQ,, #e,, (o$ 1he%e %es'onsi+i,i#( ,ies: Res'onsi+i,i#( ,ies 2,e"n

"n0 s #h"#Q,, #e"2h (o$> (o$ .ise%"+,e .is+e)o##en 1")on]Q No> %es'onsi+i,i#( ,ies 1i#h #he

$nfo%#$n"#e o1ne%of #he 1")on: I#Qs hi. #h"#Qs )o# #o '"( #he 'i'e%> i#Qs hi. #h"#Qs )o# #o

s#"n0 fo% 1h"#e/e% 0".")es #he 2o$%# "0V$0i2"#es ")"ins# hi.fo% #he 0e.o,ishe0 'o%2h "n0#he 0e2e"se0 ,i##,e )i%,Qs f$ne%", e;'enses> ',$s 'ossi+,( 1h"#e/e% '$ni#i/e 2o.'ens"#ion #he

2o$%# sees fi# #o "1"%0: Then> 'oo% +$))e%> if heQs )o# "n( .one( ,ef#> he fi;es #he +%"9e on #he

1")on "n0 )oes +"29 "n0 .in0s his ,"n0" The Confessions of N"# T$%ne%

45

s"00e% +$# " 1ise% ."n: Jo (o$ fo,,o1 .e^

Yes> I s"i0: Th"#Qs 2,e"%:

We,, #hen> no1 1e 2o.e #o #he he"%# of #he ."##e%1hi2h is #o s"(> "n?i?."#e 2h"##e,: No1>

"ni."#e 2h"##e, 'oses " '"%#i2$,"%,( #%i29( "n0 s$+#,e V$%is'%$0en#i", '%o+,e. 1hen i# 2o.es #o

"0V$0i2"#in) 0".")es fo% ,oss of ,ife "n0 0es#%$2#ion of '%o'e%#(:

I nee0 no# s"( #h"# #he '%o+,e. +e2o.es s$%'"ssinQ #%i29( "n0 s$+#,e in " 2"se ,i9e #h"# of (o$"n0 (o$% 2oho%#s> 1hose 2%i.es "%e $n'%e2e0en#e0 in #he "nn",s of #his n"#ion"n0 #%ie0 in "n

"#.os'he%e> I .i)h# "00> 1he%e #he '$+,i2 '"ssions "%e so.e1h"#> $h> inf,".e0 #o s"( #he

,e"s#: Wh"#Q%e (o$ fi0)e#inQ

fo%^

I#Qs .( sho$,0e%s> I s"i0: IQ0 +e .i)h#( )%"#ef$, if (o$ 2o$,0 )e# #he. #o e"se off #hese 2h"ins:

M( sho$,0e%s '"in so.e#hin) fie%2e:

I #o,0 (o$ IQ0 h"/e #he. #"9e 2"%e of #h"#: His /oi2e 1"s i.'"#ien#: IQ. " ."n of .( 1o%0>

Re/e%en0: 8$# #o )e# +"29 #o 2h"##e,> #he%e "%e +o#h si.i,"%i#ies "n0 0iffe%en2es +e#1een

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16/220

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17/220

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An0 (o$Q%e #"9in) #his ",, 0o1n fo% #he '%ose2$#ion^ I.'"#ien2e f,"she0 "2%oss his f"2e> 2$%#"i,in) " ("1n: E("1]

The '%ose2$#o%Qs .( "sso2i"#e #oo: Wh"# 0iffe%en2e 0oes i# ."9e> Re/e%en0^ %ose2$#ion>

0efensei# 0onQ# ."9e " h"i%Qs 0iffe%en2e one 1"( o% #he o#he%: I #ho$)h# I ."0e #h"# 'e%fe2#,(

2,e"% #o (o$#h"# I ". "> $h> 0e,e)"#e of #he 2o$%#> e.'o1e%e0 #o #"9e 0o1n #he 2onfession:

Whi2h IQ/e )one "n0 0one: 8$# (o$% )oose is 2oo9e0 ",%e"0(: He ,oo9e0 "# .e in#en#,(> #hen

s'o9e in " 2"Vo,in)> he"%#( /oi2eK Co.e on no1> Re/e%en0: Le#Qs +e %e",is#i2 "+o$# #his ."##e%] I

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of #he ."##e%> is #he%e^


18/220

No si%> I s"i0> I %e29on no#: An0 #he%e 1"snQ#: I e/en fe,# " 9in0 of %e,ief #h"# ,o)i2> "# ,"s#> h"0

f,o1n 2o.',e#e,( o$# of #he 1in0o1:

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si)n i#> "n0 #hen i#Q,, +e %e"0 o$# ")"in in 2o$%# "s e/i0en2e fo% #he '%ose2$#ion: 8$# 1hi,e I

%e2i#e #he en#i%e #hin) o$#> #he%e "%e " fe1 i#e.s #h"# I h"/enQ# )o##en en#i%e,( s#%"i)h# in .(

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I no00e0> 2on/$,se0 1i#h " shi/e%in) 2o,0:

Si%(o$ h"/e "s9e0 .e #o )i/e " his#o%( of #he .o#i/es 1hi2h in0$2e0 .e #o $n0e%#"9e #he

,"#e ins$%%e2#ion> "s (o$ 2",, i#: To 0o so I .$s# )o +"29 #o #he 0"(s of .( inf"n2(>"n0 e/en

+efo%e I 1"s +o%n Q [%"( h"0 +e)$n #o %e"0 s,o1,( "n0 1i#h 0e,i+e%"#ion> "s if %e,ishin) #he

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%e2ons#i#$#ion "n0 %e2o.'osi#ion of #he %e,"#i/e 2%$0i#( of ."nne% in 1hi2h ",, of o$% /"%io$s

0is2o$%ses sin2e ,"s# T$es0"( 1en#:The essen2e#h"# is> ",, #he _+efo%e I 1"s +o%n:Q He.: _I 1"s #hi%#(?one (e"%s of ")e #he se2on0 of O2#o+e%

,"s#> "n0 +o%n #he '%o'e%#( of 8enV".in T$%ne% of #his 2o$n#(: In .( 2hi,0hoo0 " 2i%2$.s#"n2e

o22$%%e0 1hi2h ."0e "n in0e,i+,e i.'%ession on .( .in0> "n0 ,"i0 #he )%o$n01o%9 of #h"#

en#h$si"s. 1hi2h h"s #e%.in"#e0 so f"#",,( #o ."n(> +o#h 1hi#e "n0 +,"29> "n0 fo% 1hi2h I ".

"+o$# #o "#one "# #he )",,o1s: I# is he%e ne2ess"%( #o %e,"#eQ An0 he +%o9e off ")"in> s"(in)K

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2hi,0%en> 1hen #h%ee o% fo$% (e"%s o,0> I 1"s #e,,in) #he. so.e#hin)> 1hi2h .( .o#he%>

o/e%he"%in)> s"i0 h"0 h"''ene0 +efo%e I 1"s +o%n: I s#$29 #o .( s#o%(> ho1e/e%> "n0 %e,"#e0

so.e #hin)s 1hi2h 1en#> in he% o'inion> #o 2onfi%. i#: O#he%s> +ein) 2",,e0 on> 1e%e )%e"#,(

"s#onishe0> 9no1in) #h"# #hese #hin)s h"0 h"''ene0> "n0 2"$se0 #he. #o s"( in .( he"%in)K I

s$%e,( 1o$,0 +e " '%o'he#> "s #he Lo%0 h"0 sho1n .e #hin)s #h"# h"0h"''ene0 +efo%e .(+i%#h: An0 .( .o#he% s#%en)#hene0 .e in #his .( fi%s# i.'%ession> s"(in) in .( '%esen2e #h"# I

1"s in#en0e0 fo% so.e )%e"# '$%'ose Q He h",#e0 ")"in: F"i% eno$)h so f"%^

Yes> I s"i0: An0 #his 1"s #%$eZ "# ,e"s# #he essen2e> "s he '$# i#> of 1h"# I h"0 #o,0 hi. see.e0

#o +e no 1%en2h of #he #%$#h:

Yes> I %e'e"#e0: Th"#Qs f"i%:

A,, %i)h#> #o 2on#in$eIQ. ),"0 (o$ fee, IQ/e 0one V$s#i2e #o (o$% o1n n"%%"#i/e> N"#K _M(

.o#he%> #o 1ho. I 1"s .$2h "##"2he0> .( ."s#e%1ho +e,on)e0 #o #he 2h$%2h> "n0 o#he%

%e,i)io$s 'e%sons 1ho /isi#e0 #he ho$se> "n0 1ho. I of#en s"1 "# '%"(e%s> no#i2in) #he

sin)$,"%i#( of .( ."nne%s> I s$''ose> "n0 .( $n2o..on in#e,,i)en2e fo% " 2hi,0%e."%9e0

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19/220

Co,0 in he%e] W"#2h?."n] IQse 2o,0] Co,0]

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#he %"29e#> 2on#in$e0 #o %e"0: H"%9 9e'# $' his ho,,e%in)> "n0 "# #h"# .o.en# I s,o1,( %ose f%o.

#he ',"n9> s#".'in) .( fee# #o 9ee' 1"%.: IQ. ,is#eninQ> I s"i0 #o [%"(> 0onQ .in0 .e> IQ.

,is#eninQ: I .o/e0 .( sh"29,e0 fee# #o1"%0 #he 1in0o1> '"(in) ,ess "##en#ion #o [%"( no1 #h"n

#o H"%9Qs ho1,s "n0 .o"ns +e(on0 #he 1",,Z I 9ne1 he h"0 +een h$%#> "n0 i# 1"s 2o,0> +$# I ",so9ne1 H"%9K #his 1"s +o)$s s$ffe%in)> H"%9 "# his %"%es#: The /oi2e of #he on,( Ne)%o in i%)ini"

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4

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,"$)h> " )$%),e of s"#isf"2#ion:

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Ye# s$2h 1"s #he 2onfi0en2e of #he Ne)%oes in #he nei)h+o%hoo0> e/en "# #his e"%,( 'e%io0 of

.( ,ife> in .( s$'e%io% V$0).en#> #h"# #he( 1o$,0 of#en 2"%%( .e 1i#h #he. 1hen #he( 1e%e

)oin) on "n( %o)$e%(> #o ',"n fo% #he.: [%o1in) $' ".on) #he.> 1i#h #his 2onfi0en2e in .(

s$'e%io% V$0).en#> "n0 1hen #his> in #hei% o'inions> 1"s 'e%fe2#e0 +( 0i/ine ins'i%"#ion> f%o.

#he 2i%2$.s#"n2es ",%e"0( ",,$0e0 #o in .( inf"n2(> "n0 1hi2h +e,ief 1"s e/e% "f#e%1"%0

in2$,2"#e0 +( #he "$s#e%i#( of .( ,ife "n0 ."nne%s> 1hi2h +e2".e #he s$+Ve2# of %e."%9 +(

1hi#e "n0 +,"29: H"/in) soon 0is2o/e%e0 #o +e )%e"#> I .$s# "''e"% so> "n0 #he%efo%e s#$0io$s,("/oi0e0 .i;in) in so2ie#(> "n0 1%"''e0 .(se,f in .(s#e%(> 0e/o#in) .( #i.e #o f"s#in) "n0

'%"(e%Q

The /oi2e 0%one0 on: Fo% " ,on) 1hi,e I 2e"se0 ,is#enin): I# h"0 +e)$n #o sno1: The #inies#> .os#

f%")i,e f,"9es f,e1 '"s# ,i9e s'%in)#i.e see0> 0isso,/in) ins#"n#"neo$s,( "s #he( s#%$29 #he e"%#h:

A 2o,0 1in0 1"s +,o1in) $': A+o/e #he %i/e% "n0 #he s1".' +e(on0> " 1hi#e %"29 of 2,o$0

ho/e%e0> 2o/e%in) #he he"/ens> i.'e%.e"+,e> i#s s$%f"2e 2%"1,in) 1i#h +,"29ish s#%e"9s of .is#

,i9e #"##e%e0 sh"1,s: e%$s",e. h"0 +$%s# "1"9e: Fo$% .o%e 2"/",%(.en 2".e "# " 2"n#e% o/e%

#he 2('%ess +%i0)e> fi,,in) #he "i% 1i#h " nois( 2o++,in) of hoo/es: Sin),(> in '"i%s> in 2,$s#e%s>

.en "n0 1o.en +$n0,e0 ")"ins# #he 2o,0 h"0 2o..en2e0 #o h$%%( $' #he %o"0 #o1"%0 #he

2o$%#ho$se: The %o"0 1"s %$##e0> +%i##,e 1i#h f%os#> "n0 "s #he( 'i29e0 #hei% 1"( ",on) #he(.$%.$%e0 #o)e#he% "n0 #hei% fee#."0e " 2%$n2he0 "n0 2%$s#( so$n0: I# see.e0 e"%,( fo% s$2h

" '%o2ession> +$# #hen I %e",ie0 1h"# i# 1"s> #hin9in)K The( "%e )oin) #o ."9e s$%e of )e##in)

se"#s> #he( 0onQ# 1"n# #o .iss "n(#hin) #his 0"(: I )"e0 "2%oss #he n"%%o1 s,$))ish %i/e% #o #he

fo%es# 1",,K " ,on) .i,e of s1".'> #hen #he f,"# fie,0s "n0 1oo0s of #he 2o$n#(: I# 1o$,0 +e #he

#i.e of (e"% no1 #o ,"( $' fi%e1oo0K .( #ho$)h#s .o/e0> "s in " 0"(0%e".> o$# "2%oss 2o,0

s'"2e #o so.e 2o"%se The Confessions of N"# T$%ne%

5

#hi29e# of +ee2h o% 2hes#n$# 1he%e ",%e"0( in #he 2hi,, .o%nin) ,i)h# " '"i% of s,"/es 1o$,0 +e

o$# 1i#h "; "n0 1e0)eZ "n0 I 2o$,0 he"% #he 2h$29> 2h$29of #he "; "n0 #he .$si2", 2hin9 of

#he 1e0)e "n0 see #he Ne)%oesQ +%e"#hs s#e".in) on #he f%os#( "i%> "n0 he"% #hei% /oi2es "ho1,"s #he( ,"+o%e0 ")"ins# #he #i.+e%> +,"++e%( /oi2es fo%e/e% inno2en#,( 'i#2he0 #o +e he"%0 +(

so.eone " .i,e "1"(K O,e .is#is> she s"( she 9"inQ# fin0 " s"%#inQ f"# #$%9e( '$,,e#] An0 #he


20/220

o#he%K JonQ ,oo9 "# .e> +%o#he%]

An0 #he fi%s#K Who I )oinQ ,oo9 "#> 0en^ O,e .is#is> she fine o$#> she +%e"9 e/Q( +one in (oQ

+,"29 he"0] An0 #hen #hei% +i)?.o$#he0 ,"$)h#e%> 2hi,0ish,( ,o$0 "n0 hee0,ess in #he .o%nin)>

e2hoin) f%o. #he 0"%9 1oo0s> f%o. +o) "n0 ."%sh "n0 ho,,o1> "n0 " fin", si,en2e s"/e fo% #he

2h$29> 2h$29of #he "; "n0 #he 2hin9of #he 1e0)e "n0> f"% off> " s 0es'i#e .(se,f>

so.e#hin) 1%en2he0 '"inf$,,( "# .( he"%#> "n0 I h"0 " +%ief +,in0in) f,"sh of %e2o,,e2#ion "n0,on)in): 8$# on,( fo% "n ins#"n#> fo% no1 I he"%0 [%"( s"(K Th"#Qs #he fi%s# i#e. IQ. 2$%io$s

"+o$#> %i)h# #he%e> Re/e%en0: I 1on0e% if (o$ .i)h# no# 2,"%if( #h"# " +i#:

Whi2h one is #h"#^ I s"i0> #$%nin) +"29 #o hi.:

I#Qs #h"# '"%# %i)h# #he%e in #he '"ss")e I V$s# %e"0: See> no1 1eQ%e 1in0inQ $' o$# of #he

)%o$n01o%9 ."#e%i", "n0 in#o #he ins$%%e2#ion '%o'e% "n0 I 1"n# #o )e# #his '"%# s#%"i)h#

es'e2i",,(:

IQ,, %e'e"#K _I# 1"s in#en0e0 +( $s #o h"/e +e)$n #he 1o%9 of 0e"#h on #he fo$%#h of $,( ,"s#:

M"n( 1e%e #he ',"ns fo%.e0 +( $s>Q e# 2e#e%"> e# 2e#e%": LesQseeK _An0 #he #i.e '"sse0 1i#ho$#

o$% 2o.in) #o "n( 0e#e%.in"#ion ho1 #o 2o..en2e: S#i,, fo%.in) ne1 s2he.es "n0 %eVe2#in)

#he.> 1hen #he si)n "''e"%e0 ")"in> 1hi2h 0e#e%.ine0 .e no# #o 1"i# ,on)e%>Q e# 2e#e%"> e#2e#e%": No1 #henK _Sin2e #he 2o..en2e.en# of 5> I h"0 +een ,i/in) 1i#h M%: ose'h T%"/is>

1ho 1"s #o .e " 9in0 ."s#e%> "n0 ',"2e0 #he )%e"#es# 2onfi0en2e in .eZ in f"2#> I h"0 no 2"$se

#o 2o.',"in of his #%e"#.en# #o .e Q I s"1 [%"( s#i% $n2o.fo%#"+,(> #hen %"ise one h"$n2h $'

off " f"%#> #%(in) #o s,i0e i# o$# )%"2ef$,,(> +$# i# e.e%)e0 in .$,#i',e sof# %e'o%#s ,i9e #he

'o''in) of %e.o#e fi%e2%"29e%s: S$00en,( he see.e0 f,$s#e%e0> 0is2o.fi#e0> "n0 #his ".$se0

.eK Wh( sho$,0 he fee, e.+"%%"sse0 +efo%e " ni))e% '%e"2he%> 1hose 0e"#h 1"%%"n# he 1"s

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,i/in) 1i#h M%: ose'h T%"/is>1ho 1"s #o .e " 9in0 ."s#e%> "n0 ',"2e0 #he )%e"#es# The


2onfi0en2e in .eZ in f"2#> I h"0 no 2"$se #o 2o.',"in of his#%e"#.en# #o .e]Q Th"#Qs #he i#e.]

Th"#Qs #he i#e.> Re/e%en0] I fo$n0 hi. s#"%in) "# .e: Ho1 0o (o$ e;',"in #h"#^ Th"#Qs 1h"# I

1"n# #o 9no1> "n0 so 0oes e/e%(one e,se: A ."n 1ho (o$ "0.i# is 9in0 "n0 )en#,e #o (o$ "n0

(o$ +$#2he% in 2o,0 +,oo0]

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+e2".e 'e%',e;i#(> "n0 I 1"s si,en# fo% " ,on) #i.e> s"(in) fin",,( e/en #henK Th"#Th"# I 2"nQ#

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f%o. [%"(:

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#hese #hin)s '%e/"i,e0> (es: E/en if (o$ e;is#e0 $n0e% #he 2on0i#ions '%esen#,( e;#"n# in #he

8%i#ish Is,es o% I%e,"n0> 1he%e #he "/e%")e ")%i2$,#$%", 'e"s"n#%( is on "n e2ono.i2 ,e/e, 1i#h "

0o)> o% ,esse/en if (o$ e;is#e0 $n0e% #hese 2on0i#ions> #he 'eo',e 2o$,0 $n0e%s#"n0: Yes: 8$#

#his "inQ# e/en Mississi''i o% A%9"ns"s: This is i%)ini" in #he (e"% "nno Jo.ini "n0 (o$

h"/e ,"+o%e0 $n0e% 2i/i,ie0 "n0 /i%#$o$s ."s#e%s: An0 ose'h T%"/is> ".on) o#he%s> (o$

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Th"##he 'eo',e 2"nQ# $n0e%s#"n0:

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s#"%e0 ,on) "n0 h"%0 "# [%"(: Li##,e 0iffe%en# f%o. "n( of #he o#he%s> none#he,ess i# 1"s "."##e% of 1on0e% #o .e 1he%e #his .( ,"s# 1hi#e ."n s"/e one 1i#h #he %o'e h"0 2o.e f%o.:

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21/220

in/en#ion> #he%efo%e I %e."ine0 ",, #he .o%e 0e#e%.ine0,( si,en#:

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24/220

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