Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation

Quick Facts… Jan. 2014

• The Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation is a union of three tribes: Cayuse, Umatilla,

and Walla Walla. • The CTUIR has 2,965 tribal members. Nearly half of those tribal members live on or near the Umatilla

Reservation. The Umatilla Reservation is also home to another 300 Indians who are members of other tribes. About 1,500 non-Indians also live on the Reservation. 30% of our membership is composed of children under age 18. 15% are elders over age 55.

• The Umatilla Indian Reservation is about 172,000 acres (about 273 square miles). • CTUIR is governed by a Constitution and by-laws adopted in 1949. The Governing body is the nine-

member Board of Trustees, elected every two years by the General Council (tribal members age 18 and older).

• Day-to-day business of the tribal government is carried out by a staff of about 520 employees in

departments and programs such as natural resources, health, police, fire, education, social services, public works, economic development, and dozens more.

• More than 800 individuals are employed at the Tribe’s Wildhorse Casino & Resort and nearly 300 are

employed Cayuse Technologies. • In 1855 the three tribes signed a treaty with the US government, in which it ceded over 6.4 million acres to

the United States. In the treaty, the tribes reserved rights to fish, hunt, and gather foods and medicines within the ceded lands, which today is northeastern Oregon and southeastern Washington. Tribal members still exercise and protect those rights today.

• Many tribal members still practice the traditional tribal religion called Washat. Some still speak their native

languages. A language program is underway to preserve and teach the tribes’ languages. • Monthly newspaper: Confederated Umatilla Journal, published the first Thursday of each month. • Radio Station: KCUW

Mailing and Street Address: 46411 Timine Way, Pendleton, Oregon 97801

Phone: 541-276-3165 FAX: 541-276-3095 Internet web site: www.umatilla.nsn.us or www.ctuir.org.

On Facebook at www.facebook.com/CTUIR On Twitter at https://twitter.com/1855CTUIR

Internet e-mail for general info or forwarding: info@ctuir.org

Who are the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation?

Three Tribes make up the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation: Cayuse, Umatilla, and Walla Walla. The people of the three Tribes once had a homeland of 6.4 million acres in northeastern Oregon and southeastern Washington. In 1855, the Tribes and the United States Government negotiated a Treaty in which the Tribes “ceded,” or surrendered possession of, much of the 6.4 million acres in exchange for a Reservation homeland of 250,000 acres. The three Tribes also reserved rights in the Treaty, which include the right to fish at “usual and accustomed” sites, and to hunt and gather traditional foods and medicines on public lands within the ceded areas. These rights are generally referred to as “Treaty reserved rights.” As a result of federal legislation in the late 1800s that reduced its size, the Umatilla Reservation now is 172,000 acres -- 158,000 acres just east of Pendleton, Oregon plus 14,000 acres in the McKay, Johnson, and McCoy Creek areas southeast of Pilot Rock, Oregon. Before European contact, the Cayuse, Umatilla, and Walla Walla population was estimated at 8,000. The present enrollment of the Confederated Tribes is more than 2,965 members. Roughly half of the tribal members live on or near the Reservation. The Umatilla Reservation is also home to about 300 Indians enrolled with other Tribes, including Yakama, Warm Springs, and Nez Perce, as well as 1,500 non-Indians. The traditional religion still practiced by some tribal members is called “Washat” or “Seven Drums.” The Umatilla, Walla Walla, and Nez Perce languages are still spoken by some, but the Cayuse language has disappeared. A language program is underway to help preserve and revive the Tribes’ languages. Prior to the 1855 Treaty, the Tribes’ economy consisted primarily of intertribal trade, livestock, trade with fur companies, and hunting, fishing, and gathering. Today, the economy of the Confederated Tribes consists of agriculture, livestock, timber, recreation, hunting, fishing, and commercial development such as a mini-market/gas station, trailer court, grain elevator, and the Wildhorse Resort (which includes a casino, hotel, RV Park, and 18-hole golf course). In July 1998, the Tribe opened its Tamastslikt Cultural Institute as the centerpiece of the Resort. CTUIR is the owner of Cayuse Technologies, a new business that opened on the Umatilla Reservation in 2006. As a sovereign government, Tribal affairs are governed by an elected body called the “Board of Trustees.” Members of the Board are elected by the “General Council,” which consists of all Tribal members age 18 and older. The day-to-day work of the tribal government is carried out by a staff of roughly 520 employees and includes departments such as administration, health and human services, natural resources, economic and community development, tribal services, education, fire protection, and police. An additional 800 employees are employed at the Wildhorse Casino and Resort and another 300 at Cayuse Technologies. The CTUIR is one of the largest employers in northeastern Oregon.

Updated Jan. 2014. For more information on the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, call 541-276-3165, or write to the CTUIR at 46411 Timine Way, Pendleton, OR 97801.

On the web at www.umatilla.nsn.us or www.ctuir.org On Facebook at www.facebook.com/CTUIR

Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation:

Information about our tribal government

Tribal affairs are governed by an elected body called the “Board of Trustees.” A chairman presides over the Board, which consists of eight other members. The Board sets policy, makes the final decisions on tribal affairs, and takes a lead role in determining priority projects and issues. The Board conducts business meetings twice a month, in addition to numerous work sessions with staff and special board meetings with external individuals and organizations. All of the board members, except the Chair, participate in various commissions and committees established to oversee specific tribal issues, such as education, natural resources, water, health and welfare, cultural resources, fish and wildlife, law and order, and more. The Board of Trustees is currently composed of the following people: Chair: Gary Burke Vice-Chair: Leo Stewart Treasurer: Aaron Hines Secretary: N. Kathryn Brigham Gen. Council Chair: Alan Crawford Members At-Large: Armand Minthorn Bob Shippentower Woodrow Star Justin Quaempts

The Board is elected by the General Council, which consists of all Tribal members age 18 and older. The General Council also elects its own officers. Currently, Alan Crawford is the Chairman of the General Council, who serves on the Board of Trustees. Other General Council Officers are: Marcus Luke as Vice-Chair; Shawna Gavin as Secretary; and Thomas Morning Owl as Interpreter. The General Council meets monthly to hear updates from its Chairman, the Board of Trustees, and various working groups. This is also an opportunity for General Council members to provide input and recommendations to the tribal officials. Special General Council meetings are occasionally held to discuss specific issues. The day-to-day work of the Confederated Tribes government is carried out by a staff of more than 520 employees (47% are our own tribal members, 14% are Indians from other tribes, and 38% are non-Indians). The Executive Director and Deputy Executive Director are responsible for directing the staff, which is organized into several departments and programs, including: administration, finance, economic and community development, health, natural resources, education, fire protection, police, and tribal services.

Updated May 2014. For more information on the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation call 541-276-3165, or write to the CTUIR at 46411 Timine Way, Pendleton, OR 97801.

http://www.umatilla.nsn.us. On Facebook at www.facebook.com/CTUIR

General Council

Constitution and Bylaws

Board of Trustees

Executive Director Deputy Executive Director

Planning

Enrollment

Natural Resources

Science and Engineering

Education Public Works

Communications

Information Technology

Economic & Community Development

Public Safety

Children and Family Services

Tribal Court

Tamastslikt Cultural Institute

Wildhorse Casino & Resort Chief Executive Officer

Boards of Directors

Yellowhawk Tribal Health Center

Housing

Tamastslikt Trust Bd.

Timine Development

Cayuse Technologies

Advisory Committees and Regulatory Commissions

Gaming Commission / Inspectors / Surveillance

Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation

Arrowhead Travel Plaza / Mission Market

Executive Team

Development and Infrastructure Team

Resources Team

Community Services Team

Administrative Assistant

Information Team

Finance

Human Resources

Office of Legal Counsel

Exec. Assistant

January, 2013

Staff Teams:

Women MenCTUIR Tribal

Member Other Indian Non-Indian Total Last yearOverall Change

Percent of Change

Tribal Government * 197 216 209 60 144 408 448 -40 -9%Yellowhawk Clinic 83 28 44 18 49 111 95 16 17%Housing Authority #Total - Tribal Government 280 244 253 78 193 519 543 -24 -4%

Mission Market/Arrowhead ^ 0Cayuse Technologies 124 129 15 22 216 253 292 -39 -13%Wildhorse Resort 415 383 163 68 567 798 763 35 5%Total - Enterprises 539 512 178 90 783 1051 1055 -4 -0.4%

Grand Total 819 756 431 168 976 1570 1598 -28 -2%*E-Hire and Special Project Employees are not reported for 2012 and beyond.#Beginning 2013 Housing Authority numbers are included in Tribal Government.

Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation

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Sources: Esri, GEBCO, NOAA, CHS, CSUMB, National Geographic, DeLorme, and NAVTEQ

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Traditional Use by the Cayuse, Umatilla, Walla Walla Tribes

This map reflects traditional and cu stomary areas u sed by the Cayu se, Umatilla and Walla Walla people ov er different seasons at or before treaty negotiations. Areas of heav ier u se are identified w ithdarker color satu ration. Data and information u sed to create this map inclu des the 1855 Treaty negotiation minu tes, adju dicated u se areas, oral histories information and docu mentation from literatu re.This map reflects non-exclu siv e traditional u ses beyond cu rrent reserv ation bou ndaries, aboriginal lands and ceded lands defined by the Indian claims Commission findings – all of w hich are ju diciallyestablished as inadequ ate to reflect the total extent of CTUIR u ses, interests and rights u nder the Treaty. In many instances, the CTUIR Member u sed those areas in common w ith other tribes.

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Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation www.umatilla.nsn.us ~ phone 541-276-3165

Making a difference in northeastern Oregon Jan. 2013

Jobs and Payroll • Nearly 1,000 new jobs created since 1992. • Total number of CTUIR employees: More than 1,600 (includes our Tribal government and our enterprises) • 27% of total CTUIR jobs are held by CTUIR Tribal members; 11% of CTUIR jobs are held by Other Indians; 62% of

CTUIR jobs are held by non-Indians • Total annual payroll of approximately $50 million. Operating Budget: Operating budget of $248 million. More than half of the budget is dedicated to operation of the Tribe’s enterprises and about half is dedicated to providing governmental services to tribal members and residents of the Reservation. Gaming Profits: Less than 20% of our Tribal government budget is revenue earned from gaming. The rest is revenue from interest earnings, taxes, federal and state funding, grants and contracts. According to the Tribes’ Gaming Revenue Allocation Plan, 20% of gaming profits are distributed to the individual tribal members. In 1996 that amounted to $500 a year to each tribal member; in 2007 each tribal member received roughly $1,400 for the year. The remaining gaming profits are used to operate the CTUIR government and provide essential governmental services, invest in funds to enhance the Tribe’s assets, provide scholarships to students, assist with burial expenses for tribal members, provide financial assistance to elders, fund economic development projects, and provide charitable contributions throughout the community. In 2001 the Wildhorse Foundation was established to formally set in place the process of charitable giving on behalf of the CTUIR tribal government and its Wildhorse Casino. Since it was formed, the Foundation has donated more than $5 million to charitable organizations and causes in Umatilla, Morrow, Union and Wallowa counties and in southeastern Washington. Three percent (3%) of the CTUIR’s gaming revenue is earmarked for charitable giving. Tax Base: The CTUIR imposes taxes on utilities operating on the Reservation, (electric, railroads, pipelines) as well as fuel, alcohol, cigarette and lodging taxes. These sources provide more than $1 million in revenue. The CTUIR provides essential governmental services to all Reservation residents, including fire protection, police protection, water/sewer, solid waste disposal, zoning and land-use planning, and others without a major tax base like cities and counties. Major Economic Development Projects: Coyote Business Park Coyote North (commercial Development- North of Freeway) completed Sept. 2007: 22 leasable acres Includes $1.6 million water, sewer, road extension Coyote South (Industrial Development- South of Freeway) completed in Dec. 2008 – 140 leasable acres and 11 lots Coyote East (commercial development) completed in 2009 – 17 acres, 7 lots, north of Arrowhead Travel Plaza / south

of Wildhorse Casino

Cayuse Technologies CTUIR’s joint venture with Accenture LLP – Cayuse Technologies-- is operating at Coyote Business Park and employs more than 300 people in software development and business support services. Cayuse Technologies’ on the job training in software development is allowing Northeast Oregon residents to enter this fast-growing industry without leaving home. The project is expected to utilize Reservation Enterprise Zone (first company in state to do so). A 40,000 sq. ft. facility was completed in Oct. 2007. Davita Dialysis partnership CTUIR partnered with DaVita Inc., the nation’s largest provider of dialysis services, in the construction of a new 12 bed, 5,800 square foot dialysis center at Coyote Business Park, reducing travel time for Northeast Oregon dialysis patients. Energy Projects: • The CTUIR is a participant in the 104 megawatt Rattlesnake Road Wind Farm located near the town of Arlington,

Oregon, which is just began operating. Horizon Wind Energy, LLC is the developer.

• Yaka Energy is the CTUIR’s energy marketing business. It has now been certified as a minority owned and operated supplier of natural gas to utility companies by the National Minority Business Council, State of Oregon, and the California Public Utilities Commission. Yaka Energy currently has a pending application at the Small Business Administration to obtain its designation as an 8(a) minority business. Yaka Energy’s customers are utility and gas companies located throughout the United States.

• Wanapa Energy Center is a partnership between the CTUIR, Port of Umatilla, and Eugene Water and Electric

Board to develop proposed 500-1200 megawatt gas-fired energy facility. Wánapa Energy Center infrastructure will provide substantial benefit to adjacent industrial properties owned by the Port of Umatilla and the State of Oregon. The project is on hold due to current demand for electricity and the price of natural gas. The Tribes are pursuing other energy development options at this time.

Successful Partnerships and Civic Participation Membership and Board representation on Round-Up City Development Corporation; Northeast Oregon Alliance; Pendleton Chamber of Commerce; Pendleton Progress Board, Greater Eastern Oregon Development Corporation; Eastern Oregon Telecommunications Consortium; Governor’s Economic Strategy Advisory Group; Umatilla Chemical Weapons Depot Local Reuse Authority, among others. Umatilla Basin irrigators and federal/state agencies on a nationally recognized fisheries project that has successfully restored salmon runs after 70 years of extinction AND kept the irrigated agriculture economy in tact. The Tribe is now working with irrigators in Walla Walla Basin on a similar project. Lessons we’ve learned about Tribal economic development and its statewide and reginonal benefits: 1. Reservations can attract unique businesses to Oregon. - Cayuse Technologies was only looking for sites on Reservations. 2. Tribal economic growth has significant positive impact on the regional economy. – Our Tribal government, Cayuse Technologies and Wildhorse Casino and Resort employ a mix of tribal and non-Indian employees. Many of these employees live, shop, and send their children to school off-Reservation. 3. Tribes have to be creative to survive, and are looking for ways to partner with local governments and off-Reservation businesses to grow. - Like municipalities, tribal governments have obligations to provide essential governmental services (fire, police, zoning, housing, etc). Unlike municipalities, tribal governments don’t have a tax base from which to fund these services. Revenue from Tribal enterprises must fill this need. Cayuse Technologies is a unique agreement with a Fortune 500 company – yielding revenues that will be taxed at 100% to pay essential governmental services.

Gaming Profits... and other facts about tribal gaming

Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation

46411 Timine Way, Pendleton, Oregon, 97801 Phone: 541-276-3165 fax: 541-276-3095

http://www.umatilla.nsn.us

When we began our gaming enterprise in late 1994, the Tribe adopted a Gaming Revenue Allocation Plan that outlines where gaming profits will be allocated. Within each category, the Board of Trustees, the Tribe’s governing body, determines specifically which departments, programs and organizations receive funding. Tribal Government – Programs such as tribal court, foster care, building inspection, public works, rights

protection, public information, fisheries, wildlife, and other activities that directly support Tribal Governmental responsibilities, operations and programs under Tribal law.

Tribal Welfare and Investments -- Activities in this category deal with the long term security and

enhancement of assets of the Tribes and its members. All investments are included in this category and include things like: scholarships, burial expense assistance, elders group, land acquisition, child protection, youth recreation program, housing improvement program, tribal language program, tutoring program, summer youth employment program, emergency housing assistance, and others.

Economic Development Projects -- These are the costs associated with the development of new and

expanded economic development projects by the Tribe, such as: resort management, Tamástslikt Cultural Institute, RV Park, Golf Course, gas station/convenience store, construction inspection, business service center, and others projects.

Charitable Contributions – After the Tribe began earning gaming revenue, we began contributing directly

to various charitable organizations. In addition, the Wildhorse Casino contributed to charitable causes and organizations separately from the Tribal government. In 2001 the Wildhorse Foundation was established to formally set in place the process of charitable giving on behalf of the CTUIR tribal government and its Wildhorse Casino. Since it was formed, the Foundation has donated more than $5 million to charitable organizations and causes in Umatilla, Morrow, Union and Wallowa counties. Three percent (3%) of the CTUIR’s gaming revenue is earmarked for charitable giving.

Dividends – Dividends paid to each tribal member are based on 20% of our gaming revenue so the amount

paid each year varies. In 1996 (the first full year after our casino opened) $500 in dividends were paid to each tribal member. In 2007, each tribal member received just under $1,400 for the year.

Facts and Figures Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation

For more info on the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, contact the Public Information Office at 541-429-7010, or 46411 Timine Way, Pendleton, OR 97801. On the web, http://www.umatilla.nsn.us

# of CTUIR Tribal Members

Unemployment rate

Total CTUIR Employees

Total annual payroll of CTUIR

CTUIR Operating Budget

Jan. 1992 1,456 37% 159 $2.5 million $7.5 millionJan. 1993 35% 184 $9.3 millionJan. 1994 1,492 34% 337 $9.9 millionNov. 1994 Temporary casino opensJan. 1995 1,595 27% 507 $12.7 millionMarch 1995 Wildhorse casino opens (permanent structure)Jan. 1996 1,876 21% 676 $16.7 millionApril 1996 Tribe assumes management of Yellowhawk Clinic (formerly operated by Indian Health Service)Jan 1997 1,975 701 $43.2 millionAug. 1997 Wildhorse RV Park and Golf Course OpenJan. 1998 2,082 19% 794 $52.8 millionJuly 31, 1998 Tamastslikt Cultural Institute opensAugust, 1998 2,140Jan. 1, 1999 2,147 945 $56.5 millionApril, 1999 2,156 972August, 1999 2,174 986January, 2000 2,198 17% 951 $73.5 millionOctober, 2000 Tribe purchases Arrowhead Truck Plaza 983January, 2001 2,262 1,121 $24 million (yr. 2000) $81.5 millionJanuary, 2003 2, 377 994 $31 million (yr. 2002) $97.3 millionJanuary, 2005 2,461 1,078 $32 million $114 millionJanuary, 2006 2,536 1,066 $126 millionOctober, 2006 Tribe start new business: Cayuse TechnologiesJanuary, 2007 2,590 1,135 (May07) $35 million $145 millionJanuary, 2009 2,743 13% 1,349 $170 millionJanuary, 2010 2,787 1,460 $190 millionJanuary, 2012 2,836 $236 millionJanuary, 2013 2,916 13% 1,588 $228 million

Note: the operating budget includes a variety of revenue sources such as grants and contracts, not just casino profits. It also includes operations of our enterprises, in addition to operation of Tribal government.