Groundwater

Cone of Depression

Aquifer

Aquitard

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Acid Rain

Plants

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Water PollutionClick on each box to learn more

Next

Water ExperimentStep 1 ~Measure out 50 milliliters of water into a beaker A from the water container.

Water ExperimentStep 2 ~ Grab a funnel and put a single coffee filter in it. After this fill the funnel with sand up until the marked line that you will find on your funnel.

Water ExperimentStep 3 ~ Place the funnel with the filter paper and sand on top of beaker B.

Water ExperimentStep 4 ~ Pour the 50 milliliters of water from beaker A into the funnel and watch it drip down into beaker B. Make sure that you do not fill the funnel too high with water, make sure the water level does not go above the sand.

Water ExperimentStep 5~ After beaker A has been emptied, wait for the water to finish filtering through the sand ( about 30 seconds). After this measure the amount of water that is in beaker B by looking at it while level with the water level.

Sand

Water ExperimentStep 6~ Compare that amount of water that is in beaker B to the amount that you started with in beaker A (50 milliliters). Also note the color change in the water from beaker A to beaker B’s color. Did the color change?

Groundwater Wrap-upClick on Picture to see video.

The End

InfiltrationInfiltration is the downward movement of water through the soil.

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Infiltration VideoClick on picture to see the video.

Water TableWater Table is were the water is underground.

Groundwater FlowGroundwater flow is the direction the water moves underground.

EvaporationEvaporation is when water becomes a gas and rises into the atmosphere.

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PrecipitationPrecipitation is when some form of water falls to the ground under gravity. Examples of precipitation are snow, rain, hail, and freezing rain.

Well A well is an opening in the ground. This hole goes down deep enough until it hits the water table. Water then can be pumped up from the water down at the bottom of the well ( or pulled up with a bucket and some rope).

Cone of DepressionA cone of depression is the dip in the water level of the aquifer in the spot where the well is dug.

PorosityPorosity~ Amount of empty space between objects.

Low Porosity~ When small rocks are very close together. There is little space between the rocks for water.

High Porosity~ When larger rocks are together they create large gaps in between the rocks. This allows water to go through quickly.

AquitardThis is an area of rocks which water cannot, or has a hard time, passing through.It has low Porosity.

AquiferThis is an area of rock that water travels through very easily. It has high porosity.

Acid RainAcid Rain is a mixture of gases and water that contain a high amount of acid which causes the rain to have a lower pH than normal. Normal rain has a pH around 5.6 acid rain has a pH around 4.3.

RunoffRunoff occurs when the ground can no longer take in more water. The excess water s flows on top of the ground toward oceans in the form of steams, rivers , and lakes.

PlantsPlants take up water from the ground and they thing in that water goes into the plants. Thing such as oil and pesticides can end up in the plants.

PesticidesHousehold Farm

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Household PesticidesHousehold pesticides include insect killer, fertilizer, and weed killers. They get into the ground water and make it unsafe to drink.

Farm PesticidesFarm pesticides are powerful chemicals sprayed on crops to kill weeds and bugs. It is usually done with an airplane.

Nuclear WasteIt was disposed of at the bottom of the ocean and last thousands of years.

Industrial WasteIt is chemicals like lead, mercury, and acid that are dumped into the water. They can be harmful to humans and other forms of life.

Household WasteProducts such as bleach and soaps that are poured down the drain. They can be poisonous if not purified.

OilCan come from cars, ships, oil refineries and gas stations. Oil is extremely toxic and hard to dispose of.