conditional sentences “if grandma had wheels she’d be a bicycle.”

Conditional Sentences

“If grandma had wheels she’d be a bicycle.”

Conditional sentences

• Conditional Sentences are also known as Conditional Clauses or If Clauses.

• They are used to express that the action in the main clause (without if) can only take place if a certain condition (in the clause with if) is fulfilled.

Conditional Sentences• There are two kinds of

conditional sentences: real and unreal. •Real Conditional describes real-life situations.

•Unreal Conditional describes unreal, imaginary situations.

• However there are three types of Conditional Sentences.

What do these sentences tell us

about reality?• If you work hard, you’ll succeed.

• If you worked hard, you would succeed.

• If you had worked hard, you would have succeeded.

1st Conditional

A touch of reality…

If-clause Main clause

Present simple will

If I see him, I will give him the book.

If I don’t see him, I will phone him in the

evening.

The order of the clauses can be reversed. In this case DO NOT use a comma.

I will phone him in the evening if I don’t see him.

Use of Conditional type

1• Conditional Sentences Type I refer to the future.

• An action in the future will only happen if a certain condition is fulfilled by that time.

• We don't know for sure whether the condition actually will be fulfilled or not, but the conditions seems rather realistic – so we think it is likely to happen

Finish the following

sentences…1. If I go away on holiday this year…2. If I lose all my money…3. If we get too much homework…4. If my friend gets into trouble..5. If we finish early today…6. I’ll eat my hat if…7. This school will have to close if…8. We will all be very happy if…9. I will be rather disappointed if…10. Will you help me if…

UNLESS

UNLESS• Unless = If … not

• If you don’t run, you’ll miss the bus.

• Unless you run, you’ll miss the bus.

2nd Conditional

There’s still hope…


Past simple would

If I won the lottery, I would buy a house.

If I had a car, I wouldn’t walk to school.


I would read more if I didn’t watch so much TV.


2• Conditional Type 2 is an unreal conditional.

• The Unreal Conditional is used to talk about improbable conditions or impossible situations.

Please take a look at the example carefully…

• Conditional sentence

• True Fact 1

• True Fact 2

• If John had money, he would buy a Ferrari.

• John doesn’t have money, He will not buy a Ferrari

• John buys an ordinary car.

Please take a look at the example carefully…

• Conditional sentence

• True Fact 1

• True Fact 2

• If I found her address, I would send her an invitation.

• I don’t find her address, I will not send her an invitation

• It’s difficult to find her address

Were instead of was

• In Conditional Sentence Type II, we usually use ‚were‘ – even if the pronoun is I, he, she or it –.

• We don’t use was in Conditional Sentence Type IIIf I were you, I would

tell her.

Finish the following

sentences…1. If people had eyes in the backs of their heads…

2. If cars didn’t exist..3. I would not tell him…4. If I were rich…5. If my best friend won the

lottery…6. We would kill a dog…7. If we couldn’t speak English…8. We wouldn’t go to Paris…9. I would give you all my

clothes…10. If schools didn’t exist…

The 3rd (unreal) Conditional

The land of regrets…


Past Perfect would have + past participle

If I had seen you, I would have said hello.

If you had told me the truth, I would have forgiven

you.


I would have forgiven you if you had told me the truth.


3• Conditional Type 3 is an unreal past conditional.

• The Unreal Conditional is used to speculate about imaginary situations or to regret past events.

• went to bed early last night?

• dyed your hair pink?• travelled to Africa?• joined the army?

What have you not done?

• 4 things you haven’t done (that you wish you had)

• 4 things you’ve done (that you wish you hadn’t)

Say…


ExercisesStudent’s Book

exercise 1

a) If she goes by plane, she will arrive early.

b) If he was/were a respectful person, he wouldn’t behave like that.

c) If she travels by car, the journey will last for…

exercise 1

d) If he pays for anything...

e) If they met in L.A., she would visit...

f) Hurry up if you want to catch the train.

Exercise 2

a) … she wouldn’t know her mark.

b) … she would do something about it.

c) … she would find a good job.

d) … he would accept it.

e) … she will win.f) … would go out

more.

Exercise 2

g) … someone will talk to her.

h) … you’d be careful about the information you gave.

i) … you won’t trust him/her ever again.

j) … they would learn more.

k) … her pen pal, she would be very happy.

l) … they would visit him / her.

exercise 3

a) Unless she trains hard, she won’t succeed.

b) Unless she phones to say she has changed the plans, he will be….

c) Unless he persuades her, she won’t…

d) Unless you play fewer computer games, you won’t have…

exercise 5 - 1

a) If you go to this college, you will learn a lot…

b) If they paid in advance, they would have a bonus.

c) If she takes part in this exchange project, she will meet new people.

exercise 5 - 1

d) If they facilitated the task, they would avoid problems.

e) If he programmes the activities, there will be time for everything.

f) If teachers accompany the students, ...

exercise 5 - 2

a) … you will get there earlier.

b) … they would learn faster.

c) … someone will find out.

d) … you will ask for help.

e) … would be able to speak it.

f) … she will have to postpone the test.

exercise 1

a) If Jimmy hadn’t watched so much TV, …

b) … if he had spent his time…

c) … I wouldn’t have missed my favourite…

d) If you had told her in advance…

e) If the bus drivers hadn’t gone on …

f) … you wouldn’t have got fat.

exercise 2

a) If my teacher hadn’t given me a lot of homework, I would have gone to the football match with my father.

b) I would have bought that T-shirt if I hadn’t spent all my money on DVDs.

exercise 2

c) We would have moved last Summer if I had not been tired.

d) If I hadn’t felt ill during the exam, I would have finished it.

e) She wouldn’t have damaged the DVD player if she had read the instructions.


ExercisesWorkbook

exercise L (1)

a) … you won’t have money to buy a …

b) … they would be surprised.

c) If she reads this tale,…

d) If you catch the wrong bus, …

e) If he touches that plate, …

exercise L (1)

f) … they will have a comfortable journey.

g) … I would buy a bigger flat.

h) … it will take us about …

i) … the plane would land at London Airport.

exercise L (2)

a) … you would improve your English.

b) … they will spend a lot of money.

c) … she will have an individual room.

d) … they would get to know their habits.

e) … someone will help whenever you need it.

f) … you won’t have any money left!

exercise M (1)

a) … you hurry up.b) … they get a subsidy.c) Unless she arrives

now, I’ll …d) … it snows.e) … my father had

helped me.f) … unless you go with

me.

exercise D (1)

a) … we would have visited the island.

b) … she would have moved to New Jersey.

c) … he would have caused an accident.

d) … she would have escaped.

e) … he wouldn’t have been in trouble.

f) … he would have become upset.

exercise D (2)

a) …she wouldn’t have heard the verdict.

b) … they would have got better places.

c) … he wouldn’t have lost the keys.

d) … she would have been chosen.

e) … I would have helped you.

Conditional sentences Worksheet no. 1

Exercise A1. If you had studied (study)

for the test, you would have passed (pass) it.

2. If you had asked (ask) me, I would have helped (help) you.

3. If we had gone (go) to the cinema, we would have seen (see) my friend Jacob.

4. If you had spoken (speak) English, she would have understood (understand).

5. If they had listened (listen) to me, we would have been (be) home earlier.

Exercise A6. I would have written (write)

you a postcard if I had had (have) your address.

7. If I hadn’t broken (not / break) my leg, I would have taken (take part) in the contest.

8. If it hadn’t started (not/ start) to rain, we would have walked (walk) to the museum.

9. We would have swum (swim) in the sea if there hadn’t been (not / be) so many sharks there.

10. If she hadn’t taken (not take) the bus, she wouldn’t have arrived (not / arrive) on time.

Exercise B1. If he had dropped the vase, it

would have broken. 2. If you have to do the washing

up, I will help you.3. If I had a hammer, I'd hammer

in the morning ... (song)4. I wouldn't run away if I saw a

spider.5. We'd have given you a lift if you

hadn't had your bike with you.6. If you had listened to me, the

accident wouldn't have happened.

7. If we don't get tickets for the concert, we'll stay at home.

8. They'd go by bus if they didn't have a car.

9. She'll hear us if you don't stop laughing.

10. He wouldn't have taken the bread if he hadn't been hungry.

III

I

II

II

III

III

I

II

I

III

Exercise C1. If I were (be) stronger, I'd

help you carry the piano. 2. If we'd seen you, we

would have stopped (stop).

3. If we meet (meet) him tomorrow, we'll say hello.

4. He would have repaired the car himself if he had had(have) the tools.

5. If you drop the vase, it will break (break).

II

III

I

III

I

Exercise C6. She would have come to the

party if she had not been (not be) on holiday.

7. I wouldn't go to school by bus if I had (have) a driving license.

8. If she didn’t see (not see) him every day, she'd be lovesick.

9. I won’t travel (not travel) to London if I don't get a cheap flight.

10. We'd be stupid if we told (tell) him about our secret.

III

II

II

I

II

Exercise D1. My grandfather can’t

see unless he wears glasses.

2. You are not a responsible citizen unless you pay taxes regularly.

3. John gets very angry if Annie comes home late in the evening.

4. I wouldn’t have believed if I had not seen myself.

Conditional sentences Worksheet no. 2

Exercise A1. If you buy a new robot,

you’ll see its advantages.

2. If many companies don’t use on-line marketing, it won’t touch a wide range of consumers. ORIf many companies didn’t use on-line marketing, it wouldn’t touch a wide range of consumers.

Exercise A3. If telemedicine didn’t

treat many patients sucessfully, it wouldn’t be urgent to introduce it widely.

4. If most technological advances didn’t carry along some bad effects, some citizens wouldn’t be against them.

Exercise A5. If men hadn’t many

machines at their disposal, they wouldn’t have time to enjoy life.

6. If a large number of entrepreneurs weren’t introducing automation in their factories, productivity wouldn’t be heightening too.

Exercise A7. If robots didn’t do

several heavy dirty tasks, they wouldn’t be appreciated by modern entrepreneurs.

8. If workers don’t learn how to work with cutting-edge technology, they will be made redundant.

Exercise B1. … people would have

written letters to communicate.

2. … would spend more money on salaries.

3. …didn’t buy new and better machines.

4. …if money weren’t spent on research.

5. …someone hadn’t invented them!

6. …my students wouldn’t bring them to class…

Exercise B7. …men will come back

to factories!8. …we wouldn’t have

the phone.9. …men prove to be

better than machines.10.…we stop wanting

everything in a cell phone.

11.…I wouldn’t be able to chat with my friends.

12.…we won’t have to worry about our health.

Exercise B13.… we wouldn’t need

anything else.14.…they would spend a

lot of money in phone calls.

15.…they didn’t improve our quality of life.

16.…robots hadn’t been invented.

17.…we would still carry our walkman.

18.…if the net didn’t exist.

conditional sentences “if grandma had wheels she’d be a bicycle.”

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